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  1. Article ; Online: Are your IT staff ready for the pandemic-driven insider threat?

    Chapman, Phil

    Network Security

    Abstract: ... so heavily on recruiting graduates and rather looked towards hiring apprentices, argues Phil Chapman ...

    Abstract As this article is being written it's mid-March. The situation likely will have changed significantly by the time you read this, as it does by the day and even the hour. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has declared Covid-19 to be a global pandemic and the UK Government has stepped up its response from the ‘contain’ to the ‘delay’ phase. Public spaces and transport are noticeably quieter and many workplaces are getting emptier as staff members work from home. The Covid-19 pandemic and consequent lockdowns are hitting businesses hard. And as workforces move to remote working, IT departments are under pressure. At the same time, cyber criminals are exploiting the pandemic, with rises in phishing and other forms of attacks. The cyber security workforce, already suffering a skills crisis, may lack the soft skills required to effectively tackle these issues, many of which could be solved if the industry didn't rely so heavily on recruiting graduates and rather looked towards hiring apprentices, argues Phil Chapman of Firebrand Training.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher Elsevier; PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1016/s1353-4858(20)30042-8
    Database COVID19

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  2. Article: DNA metabarcoding of the phytoplankton of Great Salt Lake’s Gilbert Bay: Spatiotemporal assemblage changes and comparisons to microscopy

    Brown, Phil D. / Craine, Joseph M. / Richards, David / Chapman, Andrew / Marden, Brad

    International Association for Great Lakes Research Journal of Great Lakes research. 2022 Feb., v. 48, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: The Great Salt Lake (GSL) is a unique hypersaline system with an understudied phytoplankton assemblage supporting a productive open water ecosystem in the largest embayment of the lake, Gilbert Bay. Determination of phytoplankton by microscopy has ... ...

    Abstract The Great Salt Lake (GSL) is a unique hypersaline system with an understudied phytoplankton assemblage supporting a productive open water ecosystem in the largest embayment of the lake, Gilbert Bay. Determination of phytoplankton by microscopy has practical limitations that can constrain the scope of a study, but DNA metabarcoding may improve upon this through higher taxonomic resolution and the capacity to generate a large volume of assemblage data in comparatively little time. To determine if metabarcoding could replicate microscopy and expand the assessment of GSL phytoplankton, a 23S SSU rRNA metabarcoding and microscopy survey of Gilbert Bay was conducted in 2017 and 2018. Assemblage composition and relative abundances from each method were compared, and spatial and temporal assemblage changes from metabarcoding data were investigated using non-metric multidimensional scaling. Metabarcoding differed from microscopy in multiple taxonomic assignments and relative abundances, with poor correlation for most categories. Diatoms were overrepresented by metabarcoding relative to microscopy, and chlorophytes underrepresented. However, metabarcoding revealed seasonal and spatial patterns in assemblage, detected seasonal patterns within phytoplankton sequences of very low abundance, and detected potential cryptic speciation within the lake’s dominant Dunaliella viridis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed greater phytoplankton diversity than observed before in GSL, but demonstrated the need to improve taxonomic assignment of the resulting sequences, particularly within the diatoms. The expansion of detectable diversity and isolation of DNA sequences that can be traced through time and analyzed against environmental variables make metabarcoding a potentially effective tool for parallel use with microscopy in future GSL research.
    Keywords DNA barcoding ; Dunaliella ; cryptic speciation ; ecosystems ; hypersalinity ; lakes ; microscopy ; phylogeny ; phytoplankton ; research ; surveys ; Great Salt Lake
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 110-124.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2163239-X
    ISSN 0380-1330 ; 0380-1330
    ISSN (online) 0380-1330
    ISSN 0380-1330
    DOI 10.1016/j.jglr.2021.10.016
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Quantitative biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) using the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata).

    Idowu, Oluyoye / Tran, Thi Kim Anh / Webster, Grant / Chapman, Ian / Baker, Phil / Farrel, Hazel / Zammit, Anthony / Semple, Kirk T / Hansbro, Phil M / O'Connor, Wayne / Thavamani, Palanisami

    The Science of the total environment

    2020  Volume 742, Page(s) 140497

    Abstract: Increasing our understanding of the bioavailable fractions of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in an aquatic environment is important for the assessment of the environmental and human health risks posed by PACs. More importantly, the behaviour of ... ...

    Abstract Increasing our understanding of the bioavailable fractions of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in an aquatic environment is important for the assessment of the environmental and human health risks posed by PACs. More importantly, the behaviour of polar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (polar PAHs), which are metabolites of legacy PAHs, are yet to be understood. We, therefore, carried out a study involving Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea glomerata) sourced from two locations, that had been exposed to PAH contamination, within an Australian south-east estuary. Biomonitoring of these oysters, following relocation from the estuary to a relatively isolated waterway, was done at 24 and 72 h after deployment and subsequently at 7, 14, 28, 52 and 86 days. Control samples from Camden Haven River were sampled for PAC analyses just before deployment, after 28 days and at the end of the study (day 86). Lipid-normalised concentrations in oyster tissues across the 86-day sampling duration, elimination rate constants (k
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Australia ; Biological Monitoring ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Ostreidae ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis ; Polycyclic Compounds/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    Chemical Substances Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Polycyclic Compounds ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140497
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Neural effects of a single dose of fluoxetine on resting-state functional connectivity in adolescent depression.

    Capitão, Liliana P / Chapman, Robert / Filippini, Nicola / Wright, Lucy / Murphy, Susannah E / James, Anthony / Cowen, Phil J / Harmer, Catherine J

    Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)

    2020  Volume 34, Issue 12, Page(s) 1461–1465

    Abstract: Fluoxetine is commonly prescribed in adolescent depression, but the neural mechanisms underlying its action remain poorly understood. Here, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the effects of a single dose of ... ...

    Abstract Fluoxetine is commonly prescribed in adolescent depression, but the neural mechanisms underlying its action remain poorly understood. Here, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the effects of a single dose of fluoxetine vs. placebo in adolescents with major depressive disorder. In contrast with previous studies in adults that have demonstrated an acute effect of antidepressants on activity within the default mode network, a single dose of fluoxetine did not alter activity in this network in adolescent depression. There were unexpected group activity differences in the motor network, which should be clarified in future research.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Cerebral Cortex/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology ; Connectome ; Default Mode Network/diagnostic imaging ; Default Mode Network/drug effects ; Default Mode Network/physiopathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnostic imaging ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology ; Female ; Fluoxetine/administration & dosage ; Fluoxetine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Fluoxetine (01K63SUP8D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639313-5
    ISSN 1461-7285 ; 0269-8811
    ISSN (online) 1461-7285
    ISSN 0269-8811
    DOI 10.1177/0269881120959608
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The ability of a potassium oxalate gel strip to occlude human dentine tubules; a Novel in vitro: In situ Study.

    Chapman, Nicholas R / Jones, Siân Bodfel / Bahal, Priya / He, Tao / Drake, Phil / Zou, Yuanshu / West, Nicola X

    Journal of dentistry

    2020  Volume 100, Page(s) 103437

    Abstract: Objectives: To determine if an oxalate strip reduced fluid flow in dentine samples and whether this reduction was maintained following a 14 day intra-oral period.: Methods: Dentine tubule fluid flow was measured by a modified Pashley cell in 40 acid- ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To determine if an oxalate strip reduced fluid flow in dentine samples and whether this reduction was maintained following a 14 day intra-oral period.
    Methods: Dentine tubule fluid flow was measured by a modified Pashley cell in 40 acid-etched dentine discs 1 mm thick, diameter >10 mm, with an acquired pellicle, pre-equilibrated with Hartmann's solution and conditioned by toothbrushing, pre and post treatment (10 min) with an oxalate (3.14 %) gel strip or no treatment. One control and one test sample were exposed in-situ for 14 days to the oral environment in 20 healthy adult volunteers, and fluid flow re-measured. The appliance containing the two samples was removed for brushing with water after mealtimes when the participant brushed their teeth and for a 2 min daily soak in chlorhexidine.
    Results: Fluid flow rate was reduced significantly immediately following treatment with the oxalate strip compared to baseline flow rate by 58 %. Following 14 days in-situ oral environment phase, a significant further reduction in fluid flow compared to baseline was identified in both control and oxalate strip treated samples, both (p < 0.0001), but the reduction was greater in the test samples, 94 % vs 87 %, p < 0.01.
    Conclusions: This novel investigation is the first to show fluid flow measurement using the Pashley model in dentine samples that have been housed in the mouth for 14 days. Treatment with an oxalate strip designed for dentine hypersensitivity alleviation reduced dentine fluid flow more than control providing evidence that the oxalate treatment withstood the oral environment over a prolonged time.
    Clinical significance: This study demonstrated the efficacy and durability of the oxalate precipitate over a 14 day period in achieving and maintaining dentine tubule occlusion when participants had no dietary restrictions. This demonstrates the suitability of the oxalate strip for the treatment of patients suffering from dentine hypersensitivity pain.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Dentin ; Dentin Sensitivity/drug therapy ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Oxalic Acid ; Toothpastes
    Chemical Substances Toothpastes ; Oxalic Acid (9E7R5L6H31)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186068-9
    ISSN 1879-176X ; 0300-5712
    ISSN (online) 1879-176X
    ISSN 0300-5712
    DOI 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103437
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Dissolved trace element concentrations and fluxes in the Irrawaddy, Salween, Sittaung and Kaladan Rivers.

    Bridgestock, Luke / Henderson, Gideon M / Holdship, Phil / Khaing, Aung Myo / Naing, Tin Tin / Myint, Tin Aung / Htun, Wint Wint / Khant, Win / Thu, Win Myo / Chi, Mo Aung Nay / Baronas, J Jotautas / Tipper, Edward / Chapman, Hazel / Bickle, Mike

    The Science of the total environment

    2022  Volume 841, Page(s) 156756

    Abstract: The Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwaddy) and Salween (Thanlwin) globally rank among the largest rivers for supplying dissolved and particulate material to the ocean. Along with the Sittaung and Kaladan rivers they have societal importance to Myanmar in terms water ... ...

    Abstract The Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwaddy) and Salween (Thanlwin) globally rank among the largest rivers for supplying dissolved and particulate material to the ocean. Along with the Sittaung and Kaladan rivers they have societal importance to Myanmar in terms water sources and food production. Despite their importance for global biogeochemical cycles and the ~50 million people who live in their catchments, the chemistry of these rivers is poorly known. This study presents a comprehensive survey of dissolved (<0.22 μm) trace element concentrations (Sr, Fe, Al, Ba, Mn, V, Rb, Cu, Zn, As, Li, Ni, Mo, Cr, U, Pb, Sb, Co, Cs, Tl and Cd) at 38 locations within these river catchments, spanning a period of 2 years. The results highlight the global importance of the Irrawaddy and Salween rivers for trace element global biogeochemical cycles; contributing between 1 and 17 % of global dissolved riverine fluxes to the land-ocean interface for the studied elements. Area normalized dissolved fluxes in these catchments are ~2 to 10 times higher than global average values for most elements, consistent with high rates of chemical weathering. In general, anthropogenic activities have yet to significantly perturb dissolved trace element fluxes in these river systems. The presented dataset should therefore serve as a useful 'natural' baseline, against which future perturbations driven by climate change and/or the development of Myanmar's mining industry could be assessed. Exceptions to this include As in the Sittaung River and Sb, Zn, Pb and As in the Salween River, which may already be significantly impacted by anthropogenic inputs. The former represents a water quality issue of concern for public health, and so constraining the exact sources of As in the Sittaung River should be considered a priority for future research.
    MeSH term(s) Environmental Monitoring ; Lead ; Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Myanmar ; Rivers/chemistry ; Trace Elements/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    Chemical Substances Metals, Heavy ; Trace Elements ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Lead (2P299V784P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156756
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Quantitative biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) using the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata)

    Idowu, Oluyoye / Tran, Thi Kim Anh / Webster, Grant / Chapman, Ian / Baker, Phil / Farrel, Hazel / Zammit, Anthony / Semple, Kirk T / Hansbro, Phil M / O'Connor, Wayne / Thavamani, Palanisami

    Science of the total environment. 2020 Nov. 10, v. 742

    2020  

    Abstract: Increasing our understanding of the bioavailable fractions of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in an aquatic environment is important for the assessment of the environmental and human health risks posed by PACs. More importantly, the behaviour of ... ...

    Abstract Increasing our understanding of the bioavailable fractions of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in an aquatic environment is important for the assessment of the environmental and human health risks posed by PACs. More importantly, the behaviour of polar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (polar PAHs), which are metabolites of legacy PAHs, are yet to be understood. We, therefore, carried out a study involving Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea glomerata) sourced from two locations, that had been exposed to PAH contamination, within an Australian south-east estuary. Biomonitoring of these oysters, following relocation from the estuary to a relatively isolated waterway, was done at 24 and 72 h after deployment and subsequently at 7, 14, 28, 52 and 86 days. Control samples from Camden Haven River were sampled for PAC analyses just before deployment, after 28 days and at the end of the study (day 86). Lipid-normalised concentrations in oyster tissues across the 86-day sampling duration, elimination rate constants (k₂), biological half-lives (t₁/₂) and time required to reach 95% of steady-state (t₉₅) were reported for parent PAHs and the less-monitored polar PAHs including nitrated/oxygenated/heterocyclic PAHs (NPAHs, oxyPAHs and HPAHs) for the three differently sourced oyster types. Most of the depurating PAHs and NPAHs, as well as 9-FLO (oxyPAH), had k₂ values significantly different from zero (p < 0.05). All other oxyPAHs and HPAHs showed no clear depuration, with their concentrations remaining similar. The non-depuration of polar PAHs from oyster tissues could imply greater human health risk compared to their parent analogues.
    Keywords Saccostrea glomerata ; aquatic environment ; bioavailability ; depuration ; environmental monitoring ; estuaries ; half life ; heterocyclic compounds ; human health ; metabolites ; oysters ; risk ; rivers
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-1110
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140497
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Dissolved trace element concentrations and fluxes in the Irrawaddy, Salween, Sittaung and Kaladan Rivers

    Bridgestock, Luke / Henderson, Gideon M. / Holdship, Phil / Khaing, Aung Myo / Naing, Tin Tin / Myint, Tin Aung / Htun, Wint Wint / Khant, Win / Thu, Win Myo / Chi, Mo Aung Nay / Baronas, J. Jotautas / Tipper, Edward / Chapman, Hazel / Bickle, Mike

    Science of the total environment. 2022 Oct. 01, v. 841

    2022  

    Abstract: The Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwaddy) and Salween (Thanlwin) globally rank among the largest rivers for supplying dissolved and particulate material to the ocean. Along with the Sittaung and Kaladan rivers they have societal importance to Myanmar in terms water ... ...

    Abstract The Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwaddy) and Salween (Thanlwin) globally rank among the largest rivers for supplying dissolved and particulate material to the ocean. Along with the Sittaung and Kaladan rivers they have societal importance to Myanmar in terms water sources and food production. Despite their importance for global biogeochemical cycles and the ~50 million people who live in their catchments, the chemistry of these rivers is poorly known. This study presents a comprehensive survey of dissolved (<0.22 μm) trace element concentrations (Sr, Fe, Al, Ba, Mn, V, Rb, Cu, Zn, As, Li, Ni, Mo, Cr, U, Pb, Sb, Co, Cs, Tl and Cd) at 38 locations within these river catchments, spanning a period of 2 years. The results highlight the global importance of the Irrawaddy and Salween rivers for trace element global biogeochemical cycles; contributing between 1 and 17 % of global dissolved riverine fluxes to the land-ocean interface for the studied elements. Area normalized dissolved fluxes in these catchments are ~2 to 10 times higher than global average values for most elements, consistent with high rates of chemical weathering. In general, anthropogenic activities have yet to significantly perturb dissolved trace element fluxes in these river systems. The presented dataset should therefore serve as a useful ‘natural’ baseline, against which future perturbations driven by climate change and/or the development of Myanmar's mining industry could be assessed. Exceptions to this include As in the Sittaung River and Sb, Zn, Pb and As in the Salween River, which may already be significantly impacted by anthropogenic inputs. The former represents a water quality issue of concern for public health, and so constraining the exact sources of As in the Sittaung River should be considered a priority for future research.
    Keywords climate change ; data collection ; environment ; food production ; people ; public health ; riparian areas ; rivers ; surveys ; water quality ; Myanmar
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-1001
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156756
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Delivering hydrophilic peptide inhibitors of heat shock protein 70 into cancer cells.

    Han, Zifei / McAlpine, Shelli R / Chapman, Robert

    Bioorganic chemistry

    2022  Volume 122, Page(s) 105713

    Abstract: ... as an attractive target in a wide range of cancers. Here we used a polymer nanogel to deliver two hydrophilic ... of hydrophilic cargo such as peptides and demonstrate the viability of these peptide inhibitors for targeting ...

    Abstract Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) plays a major role in protein folding and has emerged as an attractive target in a wide range of cancers. Here we used a polymer nanogel to deliver two hydrophilic peptide inhibitors that block the interaction between the C-terminus of Hsp70 and heat shock organizing protein (HOP). The nanogels are able to load ∼200 wt% of the peptide inhibitors from solution via simple agitation at pH 7, and release them after cell uptake. Delivery of Hsp70 inhibitors to HCT116 cancer cells produced a clear Hsp70 inhibition phenotype: downregulation of client proteins glucocorticoid receptor (GR), immunophilins (FKBP51 and FKBP52), the protein kinase Akt-1, as well as the co-chaperone CHIP, and they induce cancer cell death. These results showcase the advantages of using versatile nanogels for delivery of hydrophilic cargo such as peptides and demonstrate the viability of these peptide inhibitors for targeting the Hsp70-HOP interaction in a cellular system.
    MeSH term(s) HCT116 Cells ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Peptides/pharmacology ; Protein Binding
    Chemical Substances HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120080-x
    ISSN 1090-2120 ; 0045-2068
    ISSN (online) 1090-2120
    ISSN 0045-2068
    DOI 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105713
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Ultrafast Triggering of Insulator-Metal Transition in Two-Dimensional VSe

    Biswas, Deepnarayan / Jones, Alfred J H / Majchrzak, Paulina / Choi, Byoung Ki / Lee, Tsung-Han / Volckaert, Klara / Feng, Jiagui / Marković, Igor / Andreatta, Federico / Kang, Chang-Jong / Kim, Hyuk Jin / Lee, In Hak / Jozwiak, Chris / Rotenberg, Eli / Bostwick, Aaron / Sanders, Charlotte E / Zhang, Yu / Karras, Gabriel / Chapman, Richard T /
    Wyatt, Adam S / Springate, Emma / Miwa, Jill A / Hofmann, Philip / King, Phil D C / Chang, Young Jun / Lanatà, Nicola / Ulstrup, Søren

    Nano letters

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 5, Page(s) 1968–1975

    Abstract: The transition-metal dichalcogenide ... ...

    Abstract The transition-metal dichalcogenide VSe
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1530-6992
    ISSN (online) 1530-6992
    DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04409
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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