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  1. Article: Q & A: an interview with Patrick Lemaire.

    Lemaire, Patrick

    Current biology : CB

    2005  Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) R143–4

    MeSH term(s) France ; Genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-03-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Interview
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2006.02.052
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  2. Article ; Online: How Distracting Events Influence Young and Older adults' Arithmetic Performance?

    Lemaire, Patrick

    Experimental aging research

    2023  , Page(s) 1–20

    Abstract: In this study, I investigated the role of distraction on arithmetic performance and whether this role changes with aging during adulthood. Young and older adults were asked to verify one-digit addition problems (Expt. 1) or to estimate the results of two- ...

    Abstract In this study, I investigated the role of distraction on arithmetic performance and whether this role changes with aging during adulthood. Young and older adults were asked to verify one-digit addition problems (Expt. 1) or to estimate the results of two-digit multiplication problems (Expt. 2). In both experiments, true and false simple problems (Expt. 1) or easier and harder complex problems (Expt. 2) were displayed superimposed or not on irrelevant, emotionally neutral pictures (e.g. mushrooms). In both simple and complex arithmetic, young and older adults obtained poorer arithmetic performance under distraction relative to no-distraction conditions. Most interesting, deleterious effects of irrelevant stimuli on arithmetic performance were larger in older than in young adults. Moreover, magnitude of distraction effects increased with longer solution latencies in young (but not in older) adults while solving complex arithmetic problems. These findings have important implications for furthering our understanding of the role of distraction on cognitive performance in general, and arithmetic performance in particular, as well as age-related differences in this role.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 753202-7
    ISSN 1096-4657 ; 0361-073X
    ISSN (online) 1096-4657
    ISSN 0361-073X
    DOI 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2250224
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  3. Article ; Online: Aging, emotion, and cognition: The role of strategies.

    Lemaire, Patrick

    Journal of experimental psychology. General

    2023  Volume 153, Issue 2, Page(s) 435–453

    Abstract: In three experiments, I examined the role of emotions in arithmetic and investigated how this role changes with aging. I adopted a strategy approach and examined strategic aspects of participants' performance under emotionally neutral and negative ... ...

    Abstract In three experiments, I examined the role of emotions in arithmetic and investigated how this role changes with aging. I adopted a strategy approach and examined strategic aspects of participants' performance under emotionally neutral and negative conditions. The data showed that negative emotions led participants to (a) use fewer strategies and change how often they used each available strategy (Experiment 1), (b) select the better strategy on each problem less often while solving both easier and harder problems (Experiment 2), and (c) obtain poorer performance (Experiments 1 and 3), even when strategy repertoire, distribution, and selection were controlled. Regarding age-related differences, I found that negative emotions (a) influenced efficiency of strategy execution less strongly in older adults than in young adults, (b) affected young adults' strategy repertoire but not older adults', (c) changed strategy distributions more strongly in young than in older adults, and (d) influenced strategy selection to the same extent in both age groups. These effects of emotions on strategy repertoire, distribution, execution, and selection, and age-related differences in these effects have important implications for explaining how emotions influence the mechanisms underlying task performance and to improve our understanding of how influence of emotions on cognition changes during aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Young Adult ; Humans ; Aged ; Cognition ; Aging/psychology ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Emotions ; Mathematics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189732-9
    ISSN 1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
    ISSN (online) 1939-2222
    ISSN 0096-3445
    DOI 10.1037/xge0001506
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  4. Article ; Online: Emotions and arithmetic in children.

    Lemaire, Patrick

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 20702

    Abstract: How do negative emotions influence arithmetic performance and how such influence changes with age during childhood? To address these issues, I used a within-trial emotion induction procedure while children solve arithmetic problems. More specifically, 8- ... ...

    Abstract How do negative emotions influence arithmetic performance and how such influence changes with age during childhood? To address these issues, I used a within-trial emotion induction procedure while children solve arithmetic problems. More specifically, 8-15 year-old participants (N = 207) solved arithmetic problems (8 + 4 = 13. True? False?) that were displayed superimposed on emotionally negative or neutral pictures. The main results showed (a) poorer performance in emotionally negative conditions in all age groups, (b) larger deleterious effects of negative emotions on harder problems, (c) decreased effects of emotions as children grow older, and (d) sequential carry-over effects of emotions in all age groups such that larger decreased performance under emotion condition relative to neutral condition occurred on current trials immediately preceded by emotional trials. These findings have important implications for furthering our understanding of how emotions influence arithmetic performance in children and how this influence changes during childhood.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Emotions ; Mood Disorders ; Law Enforcement
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-24995-9
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  5. Article ; Online: France needs a chief science adviser.

    Lemaire, Patrick / Massol, François

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2024  Volume 384, Issue 6693, Page(s) 251

    Abstract: France is at a crossroads, facing environmental and social challenges that are profoundly altering its society. Yet, the French government keeps prioritizing short-term political gains over long-term evidence-based planning for major transitions that ... ...

    Abstract France is at a crossroads, facing environmental and social challenges that are profoundly altering its society. Yet, the French government keeps prioritizing short-term political gains over long-term evidence-based planning for major transitions that France, like most countries, will undergo over the next 20 years. There is an urgent need for France to implement long-term science-informed policy-making.
    MeSH term(s) Population Dynamics ; Demography ; Public Policy ; Developed Countries ; Politics ; France
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.adp7939
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  6. Article ; Online: Are There Age-Related Differences in Effects of Positive and Negative Emotions in Arithmetic?

    Lallement, Camille / Lemaire, Patrick

    Experimental psychology

    2024  

    Abstract: We investigated effects of emotions on arithmetic problem-solving and age-related differences in these effects. Young and older adults verified addition problems displayed superimposed on emotionally negative, positive, or neutral pictures. Participants ... ...

    Abstract We investigated effects of emotions on arithmetic problem-solving and age-related differences in these effects. Young and older adults verified addition problems displayed superimposed on emotionally negative, positive, or neutral pictures. Participants obtained poorer performance in emotion than in neutral conditions, with stronger interference by negative than positive emotions. Also, participants were more impaired by negative emotions while solving true problems than false problems, whereas they were influenced by positive emotions similarly on true and false problems. Interestingly, effects of both positive and negative emotions were comparable in young and older adults. These findings have important implications for further understanding how negative and positive emotions influence arithmetic problem-solving.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2071412-9
    ISSN 2190-5142 ; 1618-3169
    ISSN (online) 2190-5142
    ISSN 1618-3169
    DOI 10.1027/1618-3169/a000595
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  7. Article ; Online: Emotions and arithmetic in children

    Patrick Lemaire

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 10

    Abstract: Abstract How do negative emotions influence arithmetic performance and how such influence changes with age during childhood? To address these issues, I used a within-trial emotion induction procedure while children solve arithmetic problems. More ... ...

    Abstract Abstract How do negative emotions influence arithmetic performance and how such influence changes with age during childhood? To address these issues, I used a within-trial emotion induction procedure while children solve arithmetic problems. More specifically, 8–15 year-old participants (N = 207) solved arithmetic problems (8 + 4 = 13. True? False?) that were displayed superimposed on emotionally negative or neutral pictures. The main results showed (a) poorer performance in emotionally negative conditions in all age groups, (b) larger deleterious effects of negative emotions on harder problems, (c) decreased effects of emotions as children grow older, and (d) sequential carry-over effects of emotions in all age groups such that larger decreased performance under emotion condition relative to neutral condition occurred on current trials immediately preceded by emotional trials. These findings have important implications for furthering our understanding of how emotions influence arithmetic performance in children and how this influence changes during childhood.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Effects of prior-task failure on arithmetic performance: A study in young and older adults.

    Lemaire, Patrick

    Memory & cognition

    2021  Volume 49, Issue 6, Page(s) 1236–1246

    Abstract: Effects of prior-task failure (i.e., decreased performance on a target task following failure on a prior task) were tested in young and older adults. Young and older participants (N=120) accomplished a computational estimation task (i.e., providing the ... ...

    Abstract Effects of prior-task failure (i.e., decreased performance on a target task following failure on a prior task) were tested in young and older adults. Young and older participants (N=120) accomplished a computational estimation task (i.e., providing the best estimates to arithmetic problems) before and after accomplishing a dot comparison task in a control or in a failure condition. Both groups decreased their performance on the target computational estimation following failure on the prior dot comparison task. Also, prior-task failure led young and older adults to select the better strategy less often and to use the easier strategy more often. Our findings show, for the first time, impaired performance after experiencing failure in both young and older adults. We discuss implications of these findings for further our understanding of effects of task transitions (i.e., prior-task success and failure) on cognitive performance.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aging ; Humans ; Mathematics ; Problem Solving ; Reaction Time
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 185691-1
    ISSN 1532-5946 ; 0090-502X
    ISSN (online) 1532-5946
    ISSN 0090-502X
    DOI 10.3758/s13421-021-01161-6
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  9. Article ; Online: The influence of irrelevant emotionally negative stimuli on early and late retrospective metacognitive judgements.

    Geurten, Marie / Lemaire, Patrick

    Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)

    2023  Volume 77, Issue 5, Page(s) 1113–1124

    Abstract: It is well established that negative emotions influence a range of cognitive processes. How these emotions influence the metacognitive judgement individuals make about their own performance and whether this influence is similar depending on the ... ...

    Abstract It is well established that negative emotions influence a range of cognitive processes. How these emotions influence the metacognitive judgement individuals make about their own performance and whether this influence is similar depending on the conditions under which metacognition is assessed, however, is far less understood. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to emotional stimuli could influence metacognitive judgements made under short or long time constraints. A total sample of 144 young adults (aged 18-35 years) was recruited and asked to complete an arithmetic strategy selection task under emotional or neutral condition. Following each strategy selection trial, participants also provided a retrospective confidence judgement (RCJ). Both strategy selection and RCJ were collected under short or long time constraints (1,500 vs. 2,500 ms for strategy selection and 800 vs. 1,500 ms for RCJ). In addition to replicating previous findings showing lower rates of better strategy selection under negative emotions compared with neutral condition, an effect of negative stimuli on the accuracy of participants' confidence judgements was found, but only if participants had a short time limit to make their second-level evaluation. Such findings are consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to emotional stimuli disturbs early, but not late metacognitive processes and have important implications to further our understanding of the role of emotions on metacognition.
    MeSH term(s) Young Adult ; Humans ; Metacognition ; Judgment ; Retrospective Studies ; Emotions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 219170-2
    ISSN 1747-0226 ; 0033-555X ; 1747-0218
    ISSN (online) 1747-0226
    ISSN 0033-555X ; 1747-0218
    DOI 10.1177/17470218231191516
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  10. Article ; Online: Methods for the Study of Apical Constriction During Ascidian Gastrulation.

    Fiúza, Ulla-Maj / Lemaire, Patrick

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2022  Volume 2438, Page(s) 377–413

    Abstract: Gastrulation is the first major morphogenetic event during ascidian embryogenesis. Ascidian gastrulation begins with the invagination of the endodermal progenitors, a two-step process driven by individual cell shape changes of endoderm cells. During the ... ...

    Abstract Gastrulation is the first major morphogenetic event during ascidian embryogenesis. Ascidian gastrulation begins with the invagination of the endodermal progenitors, a two-step process driven by individual cell shape changes of endoderm cells. During the first step, endoderm cells constrict apically, thereby flattening the vegetal side of the embryo. During the second step, endoderm cells shorten along their apicobasal axis and tissue invagination ensues. Individual cell shape changes are mediated by localized actomyosin contractile activity. Here, we describe methods used during ascidian endoderm apical constriction to study myosin activity and cellular morphodynamics with confocal and light sheet microscopy and followed by quantitative image analysis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Constriction ; Endoderm ; Gastrulation ; Morphogenesis ; Urochordata
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-2035-9_23
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