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  1. Article ; Online: Endometriosis: Classification, pathophysiology, and treatment options.

    Pašalić, Elma / Tambuwala, Murtaza M / Hromić-Jahjefendić, Altijana

    Pathology, research and practice

    2023  Volume 251, Page(s) 154847

    Abstract: The human endometrium is a complex hormone-target tissue consisting of two layers: the lower basalis, and the upper functionalis. The latter of the two goes through a cycle of thickening and shedding without residual scarring or loss of function. This ... ...

    Abstract The human endometrium is a complex hormone-target tissue consisting of two layers: the lower basalis, and the upper functionalis. The latter of the two goes through a cycle of thickening and shedding without residual scarring or loss of function. This cycle, known as the menstrual cycle, occurs on a monthly basis in most of healthy reproductive-age women. It is, however, associated with a number of reproductive diseases, endometriosis being one of them. Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrium at ectopic sites within the peritoneum or, more rarely, other locations outside the abdominal area. It affects around 6-10% of reproductive-age women in the world and causes debilitating pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, pain during penetrative sex, and infertility. The etiology of the disease is not yet fully understood but the generally accepted theory is that the endometriotic lesions originate from viable eutopic endometrial cells that flow back into the peritoneum through the process of retrograde menstruation. Endometriosis is usually classified into four stages: minimal, mild, moderate, and severe, though it is important to note that the presentation of symptoms does not necessarily correspond to the disease progression. The immune system plays an important role in supporting the viability and growth of ectopic endometriotic tissue, all the while promoting chronic inflammation at the lesion sites, which causes prolonged pain. There is no definitive cure for endometriosis, but there are several options for symptom management, including laparoscopy, hormonal therapy, the use of NSAIDs, dietary changes, exercise, and, in cases when all conservative treatments fail, hysterectomy.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Endometriosis/therapy ; Endometriosis/pathology ; Endometrium/pathology ; Hysterectomy/adverse effects ; Inflammation/pathology ; Pain/complications ; Pain/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 391889-0
    ISSN 1618-0631 ; 0344-0338
    ISSN (online) 1618-0631
    ISSN 0344-0338
    DOI 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154847
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Meet the Insidious Players: Review of Viral Infections in Head and Neck Cancer Etiology with an Update on Clinical Trials.

    Mahmutović, Lejla / Bilajac, Esma / Hromić-Jahjefendić, Altijana

    Microorganisms

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 5

    Abstract: Head and neck cancers (HNC) occur in the upper aerodigestive tract and are among the most common cancers. The etiology of HNC is complex, involving many factors, including excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption; over the last two decades, oncogenic ... ...

    Abstract Head and neck cancers (HNC) occur in the upper aerodigestive tract and are among the most common cancers. The etiology of HNC is complex, involving many factors, including excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption; over the last two decades, oncogenic viruses have also been recognized as an important cause of HNC. Major etiological agents of nasopharynx carcinoma and oropharyngeal carcinoma include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomaviruses (HPVs), both of which are able to interfere with cell cycle control. Additionally, the association of hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection was observed in oral cavity, oropharyngeal, laryngeal, and nasopharyngeal cancers. Overall prognoses depend on anatomic site, stage, and viral status. Current treatment options, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapies, are distributed in order to improve overall patient prognosis and survival rates. However, the interplay between viral genome sequences and the health, disease, geography, and ethnicity of the host are crucial for understanding the role of viruses and for development of potential personalized treatment and prevention strategies. This review provides the most comprehensive analysis to date of a vast field, including HNC risk factors, as well as viral mechanisms of infection and their role in HNC development. Additionally, currently available treatment options investigated through clinical practice are emphasized in the paper.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9051001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy.

    Hromic-Jahjefendic, Altijana / Lundstrom, Kenneth

    Biomedicines

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 3

    Abstract: Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, ... ...

    Abstract Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines8030060
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Autoimmune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

    Hromić-Jahjefendić, Altijana / Lundstrom, Kenneth / Adilović, Muhamed / Aljabali, Alaa A A / Tambuwala, Murtaza M / Serrano-Aroca, Ángel / Uversky, Vladimir N

    Autoimmunity reviews

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 103508

    Abstract: The complicated relationships between autoimmunity, COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccinations are described, giving insight into their intricacies. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-Ro/SSA, rheumatoid factor, lupus anticoagulant, and antibodies against ... ...

    Abstract The complicated relationships between autoimmunity, COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccinations are described, giving insight into their intricacies. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-Ro/SSA, rheumatoid factor, lupus anticoagulant, and antibodies against interferon (IFN)-I have all been consistently found in COVID-19 patients, indicating a high prevalence of autoimmune reactions following viral exposure. Furthermore, the discovery of human proteins with structural similarities to SARS-CoV-2 peptides as possible autoantigens highlights the complex interplay between the virus and the immune system in initiating autoimmunity. An updated summary of the current status of COVID-19 vaccines is presented. We present probable pathways underpinning the genesis of COVID-19 autoimmunity, such as bystander activation caused by hyperinflammatory conditions, viral persistence, and the creation of neutrophil extracellular traps. These pathways provide important insights into the development of autoimmune-related symptoms ranging from organ-specific to systemic autoimmune and inflammatory illnesses, demonstrating the wide influence of COVID-19 on the immune system.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2144145-5
    ISSN 1873-0183 ; 1568-9972
    ISSN (online) 1873-0183
    ISSN 1568-9972
    DOI 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103508
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Meet the Insidious Players

    Lejla Mahmutović / Esma Bilajac / Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić

    Microorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 1001, p

    Review of Viral Infections in Head and Neck Cancer Etiology with an Update on Clinical Trials

    2021  Volume 1001

    Abstract: Head and neck cancers (HNC) occur in the upper aerodigestive tract and are among the most common cancers. The etiology of HNC is complex, involving many factors, including excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption; over the last two decades, oncogenic ... ...

    Abstract Head and neck cancers (HNC) occur in the upper aerodigestive tract and are among the most common cancers. The etiology of HNC is complex, involving many factors, including excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption; over the last two decades, oncogenic viruses have also been recognized as an important cause of HNC. Major etiological agents of nasopharynx carcinoma and oropharyngeal carcinoma include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomaviruses (HPVs), both of which are able to interfere with cell cycle control. Additionally, the association of hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection was observed in oral cavity, oropharyngeal, laryngeal, and nasopharyngeal cancers. Overall prognoses depend on anatomic site, stage, and viral status. Current treatment options, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapies, are distributed in order to improve overall patient prognosis and survival rates. However, the interplay between viral genome sequences and the health, disease, geography, and ethnicity of the host are crucial for understanding the role of viruses and for development of potential personalized treatment and prevention strategies. This review provides the most comprehensive analysis to date of a vast field, including HNC risk factors, as well as viral mechanisms of infection and their role in HNC development. Additionally, currently available treatment options investigated through clinical practice are emphasized in the paper.
    Keywords head and neck cancer ; human papillomavirus ; Epstein-Barr virus ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis B ; clinical trials ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: The impact of the BCR-ABL oncogene in the pathology and treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia.

    El-Tanani, Mohamed / Nsairat, Hamdi / Matalka, Ismail I / Lee, Yin Fai / Rizzo, Manfredi / Aljabali, Alaa A / Mishra, Vijay / Mishra, Yachana / Hromić-Jahjefendić, Altijana / Tambuwala, Murtaza M

    Pathology, research and practice

    2024  Volume 254, Page(s) 155161

    Abstract: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is characterized by chromosomal aberrations involving the fusion of the BCR and ABL genes on chromosome 22, resulting from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This fusion gives rise to the oncogenic BCR- ...

    Abstract Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is characterized by chromosomal aberrations involving the fusion of the BCR and ABL genes on chromosome 22, resulting from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This fusion gives rise to the oncogenic BCR-ABL, an aberrant tyrosine kinase identified as Abl protein. The Abl protein intricately regulates the cell cycle by phosphorylating protein tyrosine residues through diverse signaling pathways. In CML, the BCR-ABL fusion protein disrupts the first exon of Abl, leading to sustained activation of tyrosine kinase and resistance to deactivation mechanisms. Pharmacological interventions, such as imatinib, effectively target BCR-ABL's tyrosine kinase activity by binding near the active site, disrupting ATP binding, and inhibiting downstream protein phosphorylation. Nevertheless, the emergence of resistance, often attributed to cap structure mutations, poses a challenge to imatinib efficacy. Current research endeavours are directed towards overcoming resistance and investigating innovative therapeutic strategies. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the structural attributes of BCR-ABL, emphasizing its pivotal role as a biomarker and therapeutic target in CML. It underscores the imperative for ongoing research to refine treatment modalities and enhance overall outcomes in managing CML.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use ; Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology ; Genes, abl ; Pyrimidines/therapeutic use ; Piperazines/therapeutic use ; Benzamides/pharmacology ; Benzamides/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Imatinib Mesylate (8A1O1M485B) ; Pyrimidines ; Piperazines ; Benzamides ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl (EC 2.7.10.2) ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 391889-0
    ISSN 1618-0631 ; 0344-0338
    ISSN (online) 1618-0631
    ISSN 0344-0338
    DOI 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155161
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy

    Altijana Hromic-Jahjefendic / Kenneth Lundstrom

    Biomedicines, Vol 8, Iss 3, p

    2020  Volume 60

    Abstract: Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, ... ...

    Abstract Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.
    Keywords melanoma ; cancer ; vector delivery ; gene therapy ; immunotherapy ; clinical trials ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Meet the Insidious Players: Review of Viral Infections in Head and Neck Cancer Etiology with an Update on Clinical Trials

    Mahmutović, Lejla / Bilajac, Esma / Hromić-Jahjefendić, Altijana

    Microorganisms. 2021 May 06, v. 9, no. 5

    2021  

    Abstract: Head and neck cancers (HNC) occur in the upper aerodigestive tract and are among the most common cancers. The etiology of HNC is complex, involving many factors, including excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption; over the last two decades, oncogenic ... ...

    Abstract Head and neck cancers (HNC) occur in the upper aerodigestive tract and are among the most common cancers. The etiology of HNC is complex, involving many factors, including excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption; over the last two decades, oncogenic viruses have also been recognized as an important cause of HNC. Major etiological agents of nasopharynx carcinoma and oropharyngeal carcinoma include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomaviruses (HPVs), both of which are able to interfere with cell cycle control. Additionally, the association of hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection was observed in oral cavity, oropharyngeal, laryngeal, and nasopharyngeal cancers. Overall prognoses depend on anatomic site, stage, and viral status. Current treatment options, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapies, are distributed in order to improve overall patient prognosis and survival rates. However, the interplay between viral genome sequences and the health, disease, geography, and ethnicity of the host are crucial for understanding the role of viruses and for development of potential personalized treatment and prevention strategies. This review provides the most comprehensive analysis to date of a vast field, including HNC risk factors, as well as viral mechanisms of infection and their role in HNC development. Additionally, currently available treatment options investigated through clinical practice are emphasized in the paper.
    Keywords Human gammaherpesvirus 4 ; Papillomaviridae ; alcohol drinking ; carcinoma ; cell cycle ; drug therapy ; geography ; head and neck neoplasms ; hepatitis B ; hepatitis C ; larynx ; mouth ; nasopharynx ; nationalities and ethnic groups ; patients ; prognosis ; radiotherapy ; tobacco ; viral genome
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0506
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9051001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 NSP14 governs mutational instability and assists in making new SARS-CoV-2 variants.

    Hassan, Sk Sarif / Bhattacharya, Tanishta / Nawn, Debaleena / Jha, Ishana / Basu, Pallab / Redwan, Elrashdy M / Lundstrom, Kenneth / Barh, Debmalya / Andrade, Bruno Silva / Tambuwala, Murtaza M / Aljabali, Alaa A / Hromić-Jahjefendić, Altijana / Baetas-da-Cruz, Wagner / Serrano-Aroca, Ángel / Uversky, Vladimir N

    Computers in biology and medicine

    2024  Volume 170, Page(s) 107899

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the rapidly evolving RNA virus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, has spawned numerous variants since its 2019 emergence. The multifunctional Nonstructural protein 14 (NSP14) enzyme, possessing ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the rapidly evolving RNA virus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, has spawned numerous variants since its 2019 emergence. The multifunctional Nonstructural protein 14 (NSP14) enzyme, possessing exonuclease and messenger RNA (mRNA) capping capabilities, serves as a key player. Notably, single and co-occurring mutations within NSP14 significantly influence replication fidelity and drive variant diversification. This study comprehensively examines 120 co-mutations, 68 unique mutations, and 160 conserved residues across NSP14 homologs, shedding light on their implications for phylogenetic patterns, pathogenicity, and residue interactions. Quantitative physicochemical analysis categorizes 3953 NSP14 variants into three clusters, revealing genetic diversity. This research underscoresthe dynamic nature of SARS-CoV-2 evolution, primarily governed by NSP14 mutations. Understanding these genetic dynamics provides valuable insights for therapeutic and vaccine development.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Pandemics ; Phylogeny ; COVID-19/genetics ; Virus Replication/genetics ; Exoribonucleases/chemistry ; Exoribonucleases/genetics ; Exoribonucleases/metabolism ; Mutation/genetics
    Chemical Substances Exoribonucleases (EC 3.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127557-4
    ISSN 1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
    ISSN (online) 1879-0534
    ISSN 0010-4825
    DOI 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107899
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Non-coding RNAs as Key Regulators of the Notch Signaling Pathway in Glioblastoma: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Targets.

    Shahcheraghi, Seyed Hossein / Roshani Asl, Elmira / Lotfi, Malihe / Ayatollahi, Jamshid / Khaleghinejad, Seyed Hossein / Aljabali, Alaa A / Bakshi, Hamid A / El-Tanani, Mohamed / Charbe, Nitin / Serrano-Aroca, Ángel / Mishra, Vijay / Mishra, Yachana / Goyal, Rohit / Hromić-Jahjefendić, Altijana / Uversky, Vladimir N / Lotfi, Marzieh / Tambuwala, Murtaza M

    CNS & neurological disorders drug targets

    2024  

    Abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive brain malignancy originating from astrocytes, accounting for approximately 30% of central nervous system malignancies. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, and ... ...

    Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive brain malignancy originating from astrocytes, accounting for approximately 30% of central nervous system malignancies. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiopharmaceutical drugs, the prognosis for GBM patients remains dismal. The aggressive nature of GBM necessitates the identification of molecular targets and the exploration of effective treatments to inhibit its proliferation. The Notch signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in cellular homeostasis, becomes deregulated in GBM, leading to increased expression of pathway target genes such as MYC, Hes1, and Hey1, thereby promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. Recent research has highlighted the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in modulating Notch signaling by targeting critical mRNA expression at the post-transcriptional or transcriptional levels. Specifically, various types of ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), have been shown to control multiple target genes and significantly contribute to the carcinogenesis of GBM. Furthermore, these ncRNAs hold promise as prognostic and predictive markers for GBM. This review aims to summarize the latest studies investigating the regulatory effects of ncRNAs on the Notch signaling pathway in GBM.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2228394-8
    ISSN 1996-3181 ; 1871-5273
    ISSN (online) 1996-3181
    ISSN 1871-5273
    DOI 10.2174/0118715273277458231213063147
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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