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  1. Article ; Online: Current and emerging treatment options for the elderly patient with chronic kidney disease.

    Fassett, Robert G

    Clinical interventions in aging

    2014  Volume 9, Page(s) 191–199

    Abstract: The objective of this article is to review the current and emerging treatments of CKD prior to dialysis in the elderly. Worldwide, there are increasing numbers of people who are aged over 65 years. In parallel, there are increasing numbers of elderly ... ...

    Abstract The objective of this article is to review the current and emerging treatments of CKD prior to dialysis in the elderly. Worldwide, there are increasing numbers of people who are aged over 65 years. In parallel, there are increasing numbers of elderly patients presenting with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in the more advanced stages. The elderly have quite different health care needs related to their associated comorbidity, frailty, social isolation, poor functional status, and cognitive decline. Clinical trials assessing treatments for CKD have usually excluded patients older than 70-75 years; therefore, it is difficult to translate current therapies recommended for younger patients with CKD across to the elderly. Many elderly people with CKD progress to end-stage kidney disease and face the dilemma of whether to undertake dialysis or accept a conservative approach supported by palliative care. This places pressure on the patient, their family, and on health care resources. The clinical trajectory of elderly CKD patients has in the past been unclear, but recent evidence suggests that many patients over 75 years of age with multiple comorbidities have greatly reduced life expectancies and quality of life, even if they choose dialysis treatment. Offering a conservative pathway supported by palliative care is a reasonable option for some patients under these circumstances. The elderly person who chooses to have dialysis will frequently have different requirements than younger patients. Kidney transplantation can still result in improved life expectancy and quality of life in the elderly, in carefully selected people. There is a genuine need for the inclusion of the elderly in CKD clinical trials in the future so we can produce evidence-based therapies for this group. In addition, new therapies to treat and slow CKD progression are needed for all age groups.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Aged ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Palliative Care ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-15
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2364924-0
    ISSN 1178-1998 ; 1176-9092
    ISSN (online) 1178-1998
    ISSN 1176-9092
    DOI 10.2147/CIA.S39763
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The uraemic milieu, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the endothelial cell: a pathway to dysfunction.

    Fassett, Robert G

    Experimental physiology

    2011  Volume 96, Issue 8, Page(s) 716–717

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Homeostasis ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/metabolism ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/pathology ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ubiquitin ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex (EC 3.4.25.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1016295-1
    ISSN 1469-445X ; 0958-0670
    ISSN (online) 1469-445X
    ISSN 0958-0670
    DOI 10.1113/expphysiol.2011.059782
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Efficacy of two doses of external counterpulsation (ECP) on glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized SHAM-controlled trial.

    Coombes, Jeff S / Dias, Katrin A / Lal, Ravin / Fassett, Robert G / Wallen, Matthew P / Ramos, Joyce S / Russell, Suzanna / Vear, Natalie K / Gajanand, Trishan / Bailey, Tom G / Green, Daniel J / Coombes, Brooke K / Roberts, Llion A

    Diabetes research and clinical practice

    2023  Volume 200, Page(s) 110701

    Abstract: Aims: To determine the efficacy of two doses of external counterpulsation (ECP) on glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and any persistent benefits 7 weeks following treatment.: Methods: 50 participants with T2D were ... ...

    Abstract Aims: To determine the efficacy of two doses of external counterpulsation (ECP) on glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and any persistent benefits 7 weeks following treatment.
    Methods: 50 participants with T2D were randomly assigned to either 1) 20x45-minute ECP sessions over 7 weeks (ECP
    Results: After 7 weeks, there were significant between-group differences, with ECP
    Conclusions: In people with T2D, ECP
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose ; Glycemic Control ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Hypoglycemic Agents ; Blood Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-10
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632523-3
    ISSN 1872-8227 ; 0168-8227
    ISSN (online) 1872-8227
    ISSN 0168-8227
    DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110701
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Statins in acute kidney injury: friend or foe?

    Fassett, Robert G / Coombes, Jeff S

    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

    2013  Volume 346, Page(s) f1531

    MeSH term(s) Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced ; Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Male
    Chemical Substances Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1362901-3
    ISSN 1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    ISSN (online) 1756-1833
    ISSN 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    DOI 10.1136/bmj.f1531
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Effects of fitness and fatness on age-related arterial stiffening in people with type 2 diabetes.

    Cox, Emily R / Brown, Wendy J / Gajanand, Trishan / Bailey, Tom G / Gomersall, Sjaan R / Chachay, Veronique S / Burton, Nicola W / Fassett, Robert G / Cox, Stephen V / Coombes, Jeff S / Keating, Shelley E

    Clinical obesity

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) e12519

    Abstract: People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at a greater risk of cardiovascular disease than the general population. Both non-modifiable (age) and modifiable (low aerobic fitness, high body fatness) factors are separately predictive of cardiovascular risk, ... ...

    Abstract People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at a greater risk of cardiovascular disease than the general population. Both non-modifiable (age) and modifiable (low aerobic fitness, high body fatness) factors are separately predictive of cardiovascular risk, although they often occur concomitantly. This study aimed to examine the (1) association between age and arterial stiffness, a subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk; and (2) effects of body fatness and aerobic fitness on age-related increases in arterial stiffness in people with T2D. Data from 64 individuals with T2D (age 59.8 ± 8.7 years, 40% female, HbA
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Vascular Stiffness
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2625816-X
    ISSN 1758-8111 ; 1758-8103
    ISSN (online) 1758-8111
    ISSN 1758-8103
    DOI 10.1111/cob.12519
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Sulforaphane and Other Nutrigenomic Nrf2 Activators: Can the Clinician's Expectation Be Matched by the Reality?

    Houghton, Christine A / Fassett, Robert G / Coombes, Jeff S

    Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

    2016  Volume 2016, Page(s) 7857186

    Abstract: The recognition that food-derived nonnutrient molecules can modulate gene expression to influence intracellular molecular mechanisms has seen the emergence of the fields of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. The aim of this review is to describe the ... ...

    Abstract The recognition that food-derived nonnutrient molecules can modulate gene expression to influence intracellular molecular mechanisms has seen the emergence of the fields of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. The aim of this review is to describe the properties of nutrigenomic activators of transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), comparing the potential for sulforaphane and other phytochemicals to demonstrate clinical efficacy as complementary medicines. Broccoli-derived sulforaphane emerges as a phytochemical with this capability, with oral doses capable of favourably modifying genes associated with chemoprevention. Compared with widely used phytochemical-based supplements like curcumin, silymarin, and resveratrol, sulforaphane more potently activates Nrf2 to induce the expression of a battery of cytoprotective genes. By virtue of its lipophilic nature and low molecular weight, sulforaphane displays significantly higher bioavailability than the polyphenol-based dietary supplements that also activate Nrf2. Nrf2 activation induces cytoprotective genes such as those playing key roles in cellular defense mechanisms including redox status and detoxification. Both its high bioavailability and significant Nrf2 inducer capacity contribute to the therapeutic potential of sulforaphane-yielding supplements.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents/chemistry ; Area Under Curve ; Brassica/chemistry ; Chemoprevention ; Curcumin/chemistry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Exercise ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Glucosinolates/chemistry ; Glycoside Hydrolases/chemistry ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates/chemistry ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)/metabolism ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Nitriles/chemistry ; Nutrigenomics ; Nutritional Sciences ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phytochemicals/chemistry ; Resveratrol ; Signal Transduction ; Silymarin/chemistry ; Stilbenes/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Glucosinolates ; Isothiocyanates ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; NFE2L2 protein, human ; Nitriles ; Phytochemicals ; Silymarin ; Stilbenes ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) (EC 1.6.5.2) ; NQO1 protein, human (EC 1.6.5.2) ; Glycoside Hydrolases (EC 3.2.1.-) ; thioglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.147) ; sulforaphane (GA49J4310U) ; Curcumin (IT942ZTH98) ; Resveratrol (Q369O8926L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2455981-7
    ISSN 1942-0994 ; 1942-0994
    ISSN (online) 1942-0994
    ISSN 1942-0994
    DOI 10.1155/2016/7857186
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Current and emerging treatment options for the elderly patient with chronic kidney disease

    Fassett RG

    Clinical Interventions in Aging, Vol 2014, Iss default, Pp 191-

    2014  Volume 199

    Abstract: Robert G Fassett The University of Queensland School of Human Movement Studies, Brisbane ...

    Abstract Robert G Fassett The University of Queensland School of Human Movement Studies, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Abstract: The objective of this article is to review the current and emerging treatments of CKD prior to dialysis in the elderly. Worldwide, there are increasing numbers of people who are aged over 65 years. In parallel, there are increasing numbers of elderly patients presenting with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in the more advanced stages. The elderly have quite different health care needs related to their associated comorbidity, frailty, social isolation, poor functional status, and cognitive decline. Clinical trials assessing treatments for CKD have usually excluded patients older than 70–75 years; therefore, it is difficult to translate current therapies recommended for younger patients with CKD across to the elderly. Many elderly people with CKD progress to end-stage kidney disease and face the dilemma of whether to undertake dialysis or accept a conservative approach supported by palliative care. This places pressure on the patient, their family, and on health care resources. The clinical trajectory of elderly CKD patients has in the past been unclear, but recent evidence suggests that many patients over 75 years of age with multiple comorbidities have greatly reduced life expectancies and quality of life, even if they choose dialysis treatment. Offering a conservative pathway supported by palliative care is a reasonable option for some patients under these circumstances. The elderly person who chooses to have dialysis will frequently have different requirements than younger patients. Kidney transplantation can still result in improved life expectancy and quality of life in the elderly, in carefully selected people. There is a genuine need for the inclusion of the elderly in CKD clinical trials in the future so we can produce evidence-based therapies for this group. In addition, new therapies to treat and slow CKD progression are needed for all age groups. Keywords: frailty, functional status, palliative care, elderly, dialysis, kidney transplantation
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences ; Geriatrics ; RC952-954.6
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Dove Medical Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Personal Activity Intelligence e-Health Program in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Coombes, Jeff S / Keating, Shelley E / Mielke, Gregore I / Fassett, Robert G / Coombes, Brooke K / O'Leary, Kaitlyn P / Cox, Emily R / Burton, Nicola W

    Medicine and science in sports and exercise

    2022  Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–27

    Abstract: Introduction: Innovative strategies are needed to enable people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) to self-manage physical activity (PA). Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) is a new metric that uses the heart rate response to PA to inform the user as to ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Innovative strategies are needed to enable people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) to self-manage physical activity (PA). Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) is a new metric that uses the heart rate response to PA to inform the user as to whether they are doing enough PA to reduce the risk of premature mortality. The PAI score reflects PA over the previous 7 d with the goal to maintain a score ≥100. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of the PAI e-Health Program in people with T2D.
    Methods: Thirty participants with T2D who were not meeting PA guidelines were randomly assigned to 12 wk of either 1) PAI e-Health Program or 2) PA attention control. The PAI e-Health Program consisted of receiving a wrist-worn heart rate monitor and an app with the PAI metric, and attending 4 × 2 h·wk-1 sessions of exercise and counseling. Feasibility and acceptability of the program were evaluated by achievement of a PAI score ≥100 and participant feedback. Efficacy was determined from changes in glycemic control, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise capacity (time-on-test), body composition, sleep time, and health-related quality of life.
    Results: Program participants in the PAI e-Health Program had a mean ± SD PAI score of 119.7 ± 60.6 and achieved ≥100 PAI on 56.4% of the days. The majority of participants (80%) intended to continue to use PAI monitoring. Compared with control, the PAI group significantly improved their exercise capacity (mean difference, 95% confidence interval) (63 s, 17.9-108.0 s), sleep time (67.2 min, 7.2-127.1 min), total percent body fat (-1.3%, -2.6% to -0.1%), and gynoid fat percent (-1.5%, -2.6 to -0.5).
    Conclusions: The PAI e-Health Program is feasible, acceptable, and efficacious in people with T2D.
    MeSH term(s) Accelerometry ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/rehabilitation ; Exercise ; Exercise Therapy/methods ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ; Pilot Projects ; Quality of Life ; Telemedicine/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603994-7
    ISSN 1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    ISSN (online) 1530-0315
    ISSN 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002768
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Astaxanthin in cardiovascular health and disease.

    Fassett, Robert G / Coombes, Jeff S

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2012  Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) 2030–2048

    Abstract: Oxidative stress and inflammation are established processes contributing to cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. However, antioxidant therapies tested in cardiovascular disease such as vitamin E, C and β-carotene have proved unsuccessful at ... ...

    Abstract Oxidative stress and inflammation are established processes contributing to cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. However, antioxidant therapies tested in cardiovascular disease such as vitamin E, C and β-carotene have proved unsuccessful at reducing cardiovascular events and mortality. Although these outcomes may reflect limitations in trial design, new, more potent antioxidant therapies are being pursued. Astaxanthin, a carotenoid found in microalgae, fungi, complex plants, seafood, flamingos and quail is one such agent. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Limited, short duration and small sample size studies have assessed the effects of astaxanthin on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers and have investigated bioavailability and safety. So far no significant adverse events have been observed and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation are attenuated with astaxanthin supplementation. Experimental investigations in a range of species using a cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion model demonstrated cardiac muscle preservation when astaxanthin is administered either orally or intravenously prior to the induction of ischaemia. Human clinical cardiovascular studies using astaxanthin therapy have not yet been reported. On the basis of the promising results of experimental cardiovascular studies and the physicochemical and antioxidant properties and safety profile of astaxanthin, clinical trials should be undertaken.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy ; Cardiovascular System/drug effects ; Humans ; Xanthophylls/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Xanthophylls ; astaxanthine (8XPW32PR7I)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-02-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules17022030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Antioxidant therapy in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review.

    Coombes, Jeff S / Fassett, Robert G

    Kidney international

    2012  Volume 81, Issue 3, Page(s) 233–246

    Abstract: Antioxidants have been used as therapies to decrease oxidative stress and improve CVD risk in hemodialysis (HD) patients. A systematic search of the Medline database (search date 30 April 2011) found 56 studies investigating the effects of antioxidant ... ...

    Abstract Antioxidants have been used as therapies to decrease oxidative stress and improve CVD risk in hemodialysis (HD) patients. A systematic search of the Medline database (search date 30 April 2011) found 56 studies investigating the effects of antioxidant therapies on biomarkers of oxidative stress (53 studies) or clinical outcomes (3 studies). The majority were small trials using a nonrandomized open-label design with a single HD group (no HD controls). Alpha-tocopherol was the most investigated antioxidant, with 20/25 studies reporting that this vitamin decreased oxidative stress, and one clinical outcome trial in 196 patients finding that it protected against secondary CVD. Studies using vitamin C were more equivocal, with 4/11 showing decreased oxidative stress and one clinical outcome trial showing no effect on morbidity or mortality. N-acetylcysteine was the most efficacious agent, with 4/4 studies indicating a decrease in oxidative stress and one trial (n=134) showing reduced CVD events. Seven studies have used therapy containing a combination of antioxidants, with five of these reporting decreased oxidative stress. Most intervention studies in HD patients, such as statin therapy and increased dialysis dose, have failed to show improvement in CVD outcomes. Two intervention trials using different antioxidants have found CVD benefits, suggesting that this line of therapy is effective in this resistant population. These studies require validation in larger, adequately powered trials.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcysteine/therapeutic use ; Antioxidants/therapeutic use ; Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; Renal Dialysis ; Vitamin E/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Vitamin E (1406-18-4) ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R) ; Acetylcysteine (WYQ7N0BPYC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1038/ki.2011.341
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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