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Article: Measurement of the rate of nu(e) + d --> p + p + e(-) interactions produced by (8)B solar neutrinos at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory.

Ahmad, Q R / Allen, R C / Andersen, T C / Anglin, J D / Bühler, G / Barton, J C / Beier, E W / Bercovitch, M / Bigu, J / Biller, S / Black, R A / Blevis, I / Boardman, R J / Boger, J / Bonvin, E / Boulay, M G / Bowler, M G / Bowles, T J / Brice, S J /

Browne, M C / Bullard, T V / Burritt, T H / Cameron, K / Cameron, J / Chan, Y D / Chen, M / Chen, H H / Chen, X / Chon, M C / Cleveland, B T / Clifford, E T / Cowan, J H / Cowen, D F / Cox, G A / Dai, Y / Dai, X / Dalnoki-Veress, F / Davidson, W F / Doe, P J / Doucas, G / Dragowsky, M R / Duba, C A / Duncan, F A / Dunmore, J / Earle, E D / Elliott, S R / Evans, H C / Ewan, G T / Farine, J / Fergani, H / Ferraris, A P / Ford, R J / Fowler, M M / Frame, K / Frank, E D / Frati, W / Germani, J V / Gil, S / Goldschmidt, A / Grant, D R / Hahn, R L / Hallin, A L / Hallman, E D / Hamer, A / Hamian, A A / Haq, R U / Hargrove, C K / Harvey, P J / Hazama, R / Heaton, R / Heeger, K M / Heintzelman, W J / Heise, J / Helmer, R L / Hepburn, J D / Heron, H / Hewett, J / Hime, A / Howe, M / Hykawy, J G / Isaac, M C / Jagam, P / Jelley, N A / Jillings, C / Jonkmans, G / Karn, J / Keener, P T / Kirch, K / Klein, J R / Knox, A B / Komar, R J / Kouzes, R / Kutter, T / Kyba, C C / Law, J / Lawson, I T / Lay, M / Lee, H W / Lesko, K T / Leslie, J R / Levine, I / Locke, W / Lowry, M M / Luoma, S / Lyon, J / Majerus, S / Mak, H B / Marino, A D / McCauley, N / McDonald, A B / McDonald, D S / McFarlane, K / McGregor, G / McLatchie, W / Meijer Drees, R / Mes, H / Mifflin, C / Miller, G G / Milton, G / Moffat, B A / Moorhead, M / Nally, C W / Neubauer, M S / Newcomer, F M / Ng, H S / Noble, A J / Norman, E B / Novikov, V M / O'Neill, M / Okada, C E / Ollerhead, R W / Omori, M / Orrell, J L / Oser, S M / Poon, A W / Radcliffe, T J / Roberge, A / Robertson, B C / Robertson, R G / Rowley, J K / Rusu, V L / Saettler, E / Schaffer, K K / Schuelke, A / Schwendener, M H / Seifert, H / Shatkay, M / Simpson, J J / Sinclair, D / Skensved, P / Smith, A R / Smith, M W / Starinsky, N / Steiger, T D / Stokstad, R G / Storey, R S / Sur, B / Tafirout, R / Tagg, N / Tanner, N W / Taplin, R K / Thorman, M / Thornewell, P / Trent, P T / Tserkovnyak, Y I / Van Berg, R / Van de Water, R G / Virtue, C J / Waltham, C E / Wang, J X / Wark, D L / West, N / Wilhelmy, J B / Wilkerson, J F / Wilson, J / Wittich, P / Wouters, J M / Yeh, M

Physical review letters

2001 Volume 87, Issue 7, Page(s) 71301

Abstract: Solar neutrinos from (8)B decay have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory via ...

Abstract	Solar neutrinos from (8)B decay have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory via the charged current (CC) reaction on deuterium and the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The flux of nu(e)'s is measured by the CC reaction rate to be straight phi(CC)(nu(e)) = 1.75 +/- 0.07(stat)(+0.12)(-0.11)(syst) +/- 0.05(theor) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1). Comparison of straight phi(CC)(nu(e)) to the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration's precision value of the flux inferred from the ES reaction yields a 3.3 sigma difference, assuming the systematic uncertainties are normally distributed, providing evidence of an active non- nu(e) component in the solar flux. The total flux of active 8B neutrinos is determined to be 5.44+/-0.99 x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1).
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-08-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.071301
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Article ; Online: Airway inflammatory changes in the lungs of patients with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO): a bronchoscopy endobronchial biopsy study.

Dey, Surajit / Lu, Wenying / Haug, Greg / Chia, Collin / Larby, Josie / Weber, Heinrich C / Gaikwad, Archana Vijay / Bhattarai, Prem / Shahzad, Affan Mahmood / Pathinayake, Prabuddha S / Wark, Peter A B / Eapen, Mathew Suji / Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh

Respiratory research

2023 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 221

Abstract: ... Results: The tissue macrophages in ACO were substantially higher in the epithelium and RBM than in HC (P ... < 0.001 for both), COPD-ES (P < 0.001 for both), and -CS (P < 0.05 and < 0.0001, respectively ... The ACO LP macrophages were significantly higher in number than COPD-CS (P < 0.05). The mast cell numbers ...

Abstract	Background: Although asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two distinct chronic airway inflammatory diseases, they often co-exist in a patient and the condition is referred to as asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). Lack of evidence regarding the inflammatory cells in ACO airways has led to their poor prognosis and treatment. The objective of this endobronchial biopsy (EBB) study was to enumerate inflammatory cellular changes in the airway wall of ACO compared with asthma, COPD current smokers (CS) and ex-smokers (ES), normal lung function smokers (NLFS), and non-smoker controls (HC). Methods: EBB tissues from 74 patients were immunohistochemically stained for macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, CD8+ T-cells and CD4+ T-cells. The microscopic images of stained tissues were evaluated in the epithelium, reticular basement membrane (RBM) cells/mm RBM length, and lamina propria (LP) cells/mm Results: The tissue macrophages in ACO were substantially higher in the epithelium and RBM than in HC (P < 0.001 for both), COPD-ES (P < 0.001 for both), and -CS (P < 0.05 and < 0.0001, respectively). The ACO LP macrophages were significantly higher in number than COPD-CS (P < 0.05). The mast cell numbers in ACO were lower than in NLFS (P < 0.05) in the epithelium, lower than COPD (P < 0.05) and NLFS (P < 0.001) in RBM; and lower than HC (P < 0.05) in LP. We noted lower eosinophils in ACO LP than HC (P < 0.05) and the lowest neutrophils in both ACO and asthma. Furthermore, CD8+ T-cell numbers increased in the ACO RBM than HC (P < 0.05), COPD-ES (P < 0.05), and NLFS (P < 0.01); however, they were similar in number in epithelium and LP across groups. CD4+ T-cells remained lower in number across all regions and groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that the ACO airway tissue inflammatory cellular profile differed from the contributing diseases of asthma and COPD with a predominance of macrophages.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bronchoscopy ; Biopsy ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis ; Asthma/diagnosis ; Lung
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041675-1
ISSN	1465-993X ; 1465-993X
ISSN (online)	1465-993X
ISSN	1465-993X
DOI	10.1186/s12931-023-02527-x
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Article ; Online: Association of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide to C-Peptide Ratio With Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study.

Thota, Rohith N / Wynne, Katie / Pradeepan, Shyamala / Wark, Peter A B / Garg, Manohar L

Pancreas

2022 Volume 51, Issue 8, Page(s) 1029–1036

Abstract: ... significantly (P = 0.004) higher in people with CFRD (4.8 [4.5]) compared with participants without CFRD (12.1 ... status in patients with CF (r2 = 0.399, P < 0.001). Islet amyloid polypeptide is strongly correlated ... with serum ferritin levels (r = 0.683, P = 0.005) and forced expiratory volume in CFRD, but not ...

Abstract	Objectives: Early detection of cystic fibrosis (CF) related diabetes (CFRD) improves health outcomes and reduces CF-related mortality. The study aims to evaluate the ratio of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) to C-peptide in CF patients with diabetes and without diabetes. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was carried out in a prospective cohort of 33 participants (CF [n = 16] and CFRD [n = 18]). We examined the association of plasma IAPP:C-peptide ratio with clinical information, including glycated hemoglobin, and lung function markers. Results: The median (interquartile range) IAPP:C-peptide ratio was significantly (P = 0.004) higher in people with CFRD (4.8 [4.5]) compared with participants without CFRD (12.1 [19.7]). The ratio of IAPP to C-peptide significantly accounted for a 38% variation in the diabetes status in patients with CF (r2 = 0.399, P < 0.001). Islet amyloid polypeptide is strongly correlated with serum ferritin levels (r = 0.683, P = 0.005) and forced expiratory volume in CFRD, but not in nondiabetic participants with CF. Conclusions: Islet amyloid polypeptide:C-peptide ratio could be a potential marker of CFRD in adults with CF. Further research requires validation of this marker in longitudinal cohort studies to confirm the capability of IAPP:C-peptide to predict CFRD.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis ; Islet Amyloid Polypeptide ; C-Peptide ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus
Chemical Substances	Islet Amyloid Polypeptide ; C-Peptide
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632831-3
ISSN	1536-4828 ; 0885-3177
ISSN (online)	1536-4828
ISSN	0885-3177
DOI	10.1097/MPA.0000000000002134
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Article ; Online: Atomistic deformation mechanism of silicon under laser-driven shock compression.

Pandolfi, Silvia / Brown, S Brennan / Stubley, P G / Higginbotham, Andrew / Bolme, C A / Lee, H J / Nagler, B / Galtier, E / Sandberg, R L / Yang, W / Mao, W L / Wark, J S / Gleason, A E

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 5535

Abstract: Silicon (Si) is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, and it is the most widely used semiconductor. Despite extensive study, some properties of Si, such as its behaviour under dynamic compression, remain elusive. A detailed understanding of Si ... ...

Abstract	Silicon (Si) is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, and it is the most widely used semiconductor. Despite extensive study, some properties of Si, such as its behaviour under dynamic compression, remain elusive. A detailed understanding of Si deformation is crucial for various fields, ranging from planetary science to materials design. Simulations suggest that in Si the shear stress generated during shock compression is released via a high-pressure phase transition, challenging the classical picture of relaxation via defect-mediated plasticity. However, direct evidence supporting either deformation mechanism remains elusive. Here, we use sub-picosecond, highly-monochromatic x-ray diffraction to study (100)-oriented single-crystal Si under laser-driven shock compression. We provide the first unambiguous, time-resolved picture of Si deformation at ultra-high strain rates, demonstrating the predicted shear release via phase transition. Our results resolve the longstanding controversy on silicon deformation and provide direct proof of strain rate-dependent deformation mechanisms in a non-metallic system.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-33220-0
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Article ; Online: Perovskite-type LaFeO 3

Mohammed Ismael / Michael Wark

Catalysts, Vol 9, Iss 4, p

Photoelectrochemical Properties and Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants Under Visible Light Irradiation

2019 Volume 342

Abstract: ... degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under visible light irradiation, the highest ...

Abstract	Perovskite-type oxides lanthanum ferrite (LaFeO 3 ) photocatalysts were successfully prepared by a facile and cost-effective sol-gel method using La(NO) 3 and Fe(NO) 3 as metal ion precursors and citric acid as a complexing agent at different calcination temperatures. The properties of the resulting LaFeO 3 samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectra (IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N 2 adsorption/desorption and photoelectrochemical tests. The photoactivity of the LaFeO 3 samples was tested by monitoring the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under visible light irradiation, the highest photocatalytic activity was found for LaFeO 3 calcined at 700 °C, which attributed to the relatively highest surface area (10.6 m 2 /g). In addition, it was found from trapping experiments that the reactive species for degradation were superoxide radical ions (O 2 − ) and holes (h + ). Photocurrent measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) proved the higher photo-induced charge carrier transfer and separation efficiency of the LaFeO 3 sample calcined at 700 °C compared to that that calcined at 900 °C. Band positions of LaFeO 3 were estimated using the Mott-Schottky plots, which showed that H 2 evolution was not likely.
Keywords	sol-gel method ; LaFeO 3 ; visible light photocatalysis ; perovskite-type structure ; Mott-Schottky plot ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	290
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: BEAT CF pulmonary exacerbations core protocol for evaluating the management of pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis.

Schultz, Andre / McLeod, Charlie / Berry, Scott / Marsh, Julie / McKenzie, Anne / Messer, Mitch / Wood, Jamie / Saville, Ben / Jaffe, Adam / Ranganathan, Sarath / Stick, Steve / Wark, Peter / Webb, Steve / Snelling, Tom

Trials

2023 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 211

Abstract: Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare, inherited, life-limiting condition predominantly affecting the lungs, for which there is no cure. The disease is characterized by recurrent pulmonary exacerbations (PEx), which are thought to drive progressive ...

Abstract	Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare, inherited, life-limiting condition predominantly affecting the lungs, for which there is no cure. The disease is characterized by recurrent pulmonary exacerbations (PEx), which are thought to drive progressive lung damage. Management of these episodes is complex and generally involves multiple interventions targeting different aspects of disease. The emergence of innovative trials and use of Bayesian statistical methods has created renewed opportunities for studying heterogeneous populations in rare diseases. Here, we present the protocol for the BEAT CF PEx cohort, a prospective, multi-site, perpetual, platform enrolling adults and children with CF. The BEAT CF PEx cohort will be used to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of interventions for the treatment of PEx requiring intensive therapy (PERITs), with a primary focus on short-term improvements in lung function. This will be achieved through the conduct of cohort-nested studies, including adaptive clinical trials, within the BEAT CF PEx cohort. This protocol will outline key features of the BEAT CF PEx cohort, including the design, implementation, data collection and management, governance and analysis, and dissemination of results. Methods: This platform will be conducted across multiple sites, commencing with CF treatment centers in Australia. People of all ages with a clinical diagnosis of CF will be eligible to participate, except those who have previously received a lung transplant. Data including demographic and clinical information, treatment details, and outcomes (including safety, microbiology, and patient-reported outcome measures including quality of life scores) will be systematically collected and securely stored via a digital centralized trial management system (CTMS). The primary endpoint is the absolute change in the percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (ppFEV Discussion: The BEAT CF PEx cohort will report clinical, treatment, and outcome data for PEx among people with CF and is intended to serve as a core (master) protocol for future nested, interventional trials evaluating treatment(s) for these episodes. The protocols for nested sub-studies are beyond the scope of this document and will be reported separately. Trial registration: ANZCTR BEAT CF Platform - ACTRN12621000638831. Registration date: Sept. 26, 2022.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bayes Theorem ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis ; Cystic Fibrosis/therapy ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Lung ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2040523-6
ISSN	1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
ISSN (online)	1745-6215
ISSN	1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
DOI	10.1186/s13063-023-07076-8
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Article ; Online: Clinical Subtypes of Neutrophilic Asthma: A Cluster Analysis From Australasian Severe Asthma Network.

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

2023 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 686–698.e8

Abstract: ... of participants with severe exacerbations (P = .005), hospitalization (P = .010), and unscheduled visits (P = .013 ... and a higher number of emergency room visits (P = .039) than that of the other two clusters ...

Abstract	Background: Clinical heterogeneity may exist within asthma subtypes defined by inflammatory markers. However, the heterogeneity of neutrophilic asthma (NA) remains largely unexplored. Objective: To explore potential clusters and the stability of NA. Methods: Participants with NA from the Australasian Severe Asthma Network underwent a multidimensional assessment. They were then asked to participate in a 12-month longitudinal cohort study. We explored potential clusters using a hierarchical cluster analysis and validated the differential future risk of asthma exacerbations in the identified clusters. A decision tree analysis was developed to predict cluster assignments. Finally, the stability of prespecified clusters was examined within 1 month. Results: Three clusters were identified in 149 patients with NA. Cluster 1 (n = 99; 66.4%) was characterized by female-predominant nonsmokers with well-controlled NA, cluster 2 (n = 16; 10.7%) by individuals with comorbid anxiety/depressive symptoms with poorly controlled NA, and cluster 3 by older male smokers with late-onset NA. Cluster 2 had a greater proportion of participants with severe exacerbations (P = .005), hospitalization (P = .010), and unscheduled visits (P = .013) and a higher number of emergency room visits (P = .039) than that of the other two clusters. The decision tree assigned 92.6% of participants correctly. Most participants (87.5%; n = 7) in cluster 2 had a stable NA phenotype, whereas participants of clusters 1 and 3 had variable phenotypes. Conclusions: We identified three clinical clusters of NA, in which cluster 2 represents an uncontrolled and stable NA subtype with an elevated risk of exacerbations. These findings have clinical implications for the management of NA.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Asthma/diagnosis ; Phenotype ; Comorbidity ; Cluster Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2843237-X
ISSN	2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
ISSN (online)	2213-2201
ISSN	2213-2198
DOI	10.1016/j.jaip.2023.09.023
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Article ; Online: Differential airway remodeling changes were observed in patients with asthma COPD overlap compared to patients with asthma and COPD alone.

Dey, Surajit / Lu, Wenying / Weber, Heinrich C / Young, Sally / Larby, Josie / Chia, Collin / Haug, Greg / Brake, Samuel James / Myers, Stephen / Gaikwad, Archana Vijay / Bhattarai, Prem / Pathinayake, Prabuddha S / Wark, Peter A B / Eapen, Mathew Suji / Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh

American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology

2022 Volume 323, Issue 4, Page(s) L473–L483

Abstract: ... thicker in patients with ACO than in HC (P < 0.0002) and tended to be thicker than in patients ... with asthma and NLFS. The total RBM cells were higher in ACO than in the HC (P < 0.0001), COPD-CS (P ... = 0.0559), -ES (P = 0.0345), and NLFS (P < 0.0002), but did not differ from patients ...

Abstract	Management of patients with asthma COPD overlap (ACO) is clinically challenging due to insufficient evidence of pathological changes in these patients. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated airway remodeling in endobronchial biopsies from a total of 90 subjects, which included 12 ACO, 14 patients with asthma, 12 COPD exsmokers (ES), 11 current smokers (CS), 28 healthy controls (HC), and 13 normal lung function smokers (NLFS). Tissue was stained with Masson's trichrome. Epithelium, goblet cells, reticular basement membrane (RBM), cellularity, lamina propria (LP), and smooth muscle (SM) changes were measured using Image-Pro Plus v7 software. Differential airway remodeling pattern was seen in patients with ACO. A limited change was noted in the ACO epithelium compared with other pathological groups. RBM was substantially thicker in patients with ACO than in HC (P < 0.0002) and tended to be thicker than in patients with asthma and NLFS. The total RBM cells were higher in ACO than in the HC (P < 0.0001), COPD-CS (P = 0.0559), -ES (P = 0.0345), and NLFS (P < 0.0002), but did not differ from patients with asthma. Goblet cells were higher in the ACO than in the HC (P = 0.0028) and COPD-ES (P = 0.0081). The total LP cells in ACO appeared to be higher than in HC, COPD-CS, and NLFS but appeared to be lower than in patients with asthma. Finally, SM area was significantly lower in the ACO than in patients with asthma (P = 0.001), COPD-CS (=0.0290), and NLFS (P = 0.0011). This first comprehensive study suggests that patients with ACO had distinguishable tissue remodeling that appeared to be more severe than patients with asthma and COPD. This study will help in informed decision-making for better patient management in clinical practice.
MeSH term(s)	Airway Remodeling ; Asthma ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/pathology ; Smokers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1013184-x
ISSN	1522-1504 ; 1040-0605
ISSN (online)	1522-1504
ISSN	1040-0605
DOI	10.1152/ajplung.00137.2022
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Article ; Online: Investigating mechanisms of state localization in highly ionized dense plasmas.

Gawne, Thomas / Campbell, Thomas / Forte, Alessandro / Hollebon, Patrick / Perez-Callejo, Gabriel / Humphries, Oliver S / Karnbach, Oliver / Kasim, Muhammad F / Preston, Thomas R / Lee, Hae Ja / Miscampbell, Alan / van den Berg, Quincy Y / Nagler, Bob / Ren, Shenyuan / Royle, Ryan B / Wark, Justin S / Vinko, Sam M

Physical review. E

2023 Volume 108, Issue 3-2, Page(s) 35210

Abstract: We present experimental observations of K_{β} emission from highly charged Mg ions at solid density, driven by intense x rays from a free electron laser. The presence of K_{β} emission indicates the n=3 atomic shell is relocalized for high charge states, ...

Abstract	We present experimental observations of K_{β} emission from highly charged Mg ions at solid density, driven by intense x rays from a free electron laser. The presence of K_{β} emission indicates the n=3 atomic shell is relocalized for high charge states, providing an upper constraint on the depression of the ionization potential. We explore the process of state relocalization in dense plasmas from first principles using finite-temperature density functional theory alongside a wave-function localization metric, and find excellent agreement with experimental results.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844562-4
ISSN	2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
ISSN (online)	2470-0053
ISSN	2470-0045
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevE.108.035210
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Article ; Online: Ventilation Heterogeneity Is a Treatable Trait in Severe Asthma.

Gibson, Peter G / Urroz Guerrero, Paola D / Poon, Christine / Rutherford, Natalie / Brooker, Bree / Smith, Amber / Grainge, Christopher / Wark, Peter A B / McDonald, Vanessa M

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice

2023 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 929–935.e4

Abstract: ... using ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (V/P SPECT), and to assess ... observational study. Participants underwent a clinical assessment and V/P SPECT CT using Technegas ...

Abstract	Background: Ventilation heterogeneity (VH) is a feature of asthma and indicates small airway disease. Nuclear imaging methods assess VH, which can facilitate clinical diagnosis and further our understanding of disease aetiology. Objective: We sought to assess VH in severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) using ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (V/P SPECT), and to assess its use as an objective test of the effect of biologic treatment for ventilation defects in SEA. Methods: Adults (≥18 y) with severe asthma were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional observational study. Participants underwent a clinical assessment and V/P SPECT CT using Technegas as the ventilation agent. Measures were repeated for a nested before-after treatment study in people with SEA commencing biologics. Results: A total of 62 participants with severe asthma were recruited. From this, 38 participants with SEA were included in the before-after study. The VH was associated with clinical variables such as lung function impairment and significantly improved after monoclonal antibody treatment in the severe asthma group. The changes in VH correlated with change in post bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV Conclusions: The VH is clinically significant, measurable, and treatable, which establishes VH as a treatable trait in severe asthma.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Lung ; Asthma/therapy ; Asthma/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy ; Forced Expiratory Volume
Chemical Substances	Bronchodilator Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2843237-X
ISSN	2213-2201 ; 2213-2198
ISSN (online)	2213-2201
ISSN	2213-2198
DOI	10.1016/j.jaip.2023.12.030
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