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  1. Article: COVID-19 and Pregnancy: Vertical Transmission and Inflammation Impact on Newborns.

    Joma, Mohamed / Fovet, Claire-Maelle / Seddiki, Nabila / Gressens, Pierre / Laforge, Mireille

    Vaccines

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 4

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and we are still compiling new findings to decipher and understand SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. No reports encompass any conclusive confirmation of vertical transmission. Nevertheless, cases of fetal distress ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and we are still compiling new findings to decipher and understand SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. No reports encompass any conclusive confirmation of vertical transmission. Nevertheless, cases of fetal distress and multiple organ failure have been reported, as well as rare cases of fetal demise. While clinicians and scientists continue to seek proof of vertical transmission, they miss the greater point, namely the cause of preterm delivery. In this review, we suggest that the cause might not be due to the viral infection but the fetal exposure to maternal inflammation or cytokine storm that translates into a complication of COVID-19. This statement is extrapolated from previous experience with infections and inflammation which were reported to be fatal by increasing the risk of preterm delivery and causing abnormal neonatal brain development and resulting in neurological disorders like atypical behavioral phenotype or autistic syndrome. Given the potentially fatal consequences on neonate health, we highlight the urgent need for an animal model to study vertical transmission. The preclinical model will allow us to make the link between SARS-COV-2 infection, inflammation and long-term follow-up of child brain development.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines9040391
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  2. Article ; Online: Key roles of glial cells in the encephalopathy of prematurity.

    Van Steenwinckel, Juliette / Bokobza, Cindy / Laforge, Mireille / Shearer, Isabelle K / Miron, Veronique E / Rua, Rejane / Matta, Samantha M / Hill-Yardin, Elisa L / Fleiss, Bobbi / Gressens, Pierre

    Glia

    2023  Volume 72, Issue 3, Page(s) 475–503

    Abstract: Across the globe, approximately one in 10 babies are born preterm, that is, before 37 weeks of a typical 40 weeks of gestation. Up to 50% of preterm born infants develop brain injury, encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP), that substantially increases ... ...

    Abstract Across the globe, approximately one in 10 babies are born preterm, that is, before 37 weeks of a typical 40 weeks of gestation. Up to 50% of preterm born infants develop brain injury, encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP), that substantially increases their risk for developing lifelong defects in motor skills and domains of learning, memory, emotional regulation, and cognition. We are still severely limited in our abilities to prevent or predict preterm birth. No longer just the "support cells," we now clearly understand that during development glia are key for building a healthy brain. Glial dysfunction is a hallmark of EoP, notably, microgliosis, astrogliosis, and oligodendrocyte injury. Our knowledge of glial biology during development is exponentially expanding but hasn't developed sufficiently for development of effective neuroregenerative therapies. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge for the roles of glia in infants with EoP and its animal models, and a description of known glial-cell interactions in the context of EoP, such as the roles for border-associated macrophages. The field of perinatal medicine is relatively small but has worked passionately to improve our understanding of the etiology of EoP coupled with detailed mechanistic studies of pre-clinical and human cohorts. A primary finding from this review is that expanding our collaborations with computational biologists, working together to understand the complexity of glial subtypes, glial maturation, and the impacts of EoP in the short and long term will be key to the design of therapies that improve outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Pregnancy ; Animals ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Premature Birth ; Infant, Premature ; Neuroglia ; Brain ; Brain Injuries
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 639414-0
    ISSN 1098-1136 ; 0894-1491
    ISSN (online) 1098-1136
    ISSN 0894-1491
    DOI 10.1002/glia.24474
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  3. Article ; Online: COVID-19 and Pregnancy

    Mohamed Joma / Claire-Maelle Fovet / Nabila Seddiki / Pierre Gressens / Mireille Laforge

    Vaccines, Vol 9, Iss 391, p

    Vertical Transmission and Inflammation Impact on Newborns

    2021  Volume 391

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and we are still compiling new findings to decipher and understand SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. No reports encompass any conclusive confirmation of vertical transmission. Nevertheless, cases of fetal distress ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and we are still compiling new findings to decipher and understand SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. No reports encompass any conclusive confirmation of vertical transmission. Nevertheless, cases of fetal distress and multiple organ failure have been reported, as well as rare cases of fetal demise. While clinicians and scientists continue to seek proof of vertical transmission, they miss the greater point, namely the cause of preterm delivery. In this review, we suggest that the cause might not be due to the viral infection but the fetal exposure to maternal inflammation or cytokine storm that translates into a complication of COVID-19. This statement is extrapolated from previous experience with infections and inflammation which were reported to be fatal by increasing the risk of preterm delivery and causing abnormal neonatal brain development and resulting in neurological disorders like atypical behavioral phenotype or autistic syndrome. Given the potentially fatal consequences on neonate health, we highlight the urgent need for an animal model to study vertical transmission. The preclinical model will allow us to make the link between SARS-COV-2 infection, inflammation and long-term follow-up of child brain development.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; fetus ; newborn ; transmission ; immunity ; inflammation ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Author Correction: Tissue damage from neutrophil-induced oxidative stress in COVID-19.

    Laforge, Mireille / Elbim, Carole / Frère, Corinne / Hémadi, Miryana / Massaad, Charbel / Nuss, Philippe / Benoliel, Jean- Jacques / Becker, Chrystel

    Nature reviews. Immunology

    2020  Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) 579

    Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...

    Abstract An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2062776-2
    ISSN 1474-1741 ; 1474-1733
    ISSN (online) 1474-1741
    ISSN 1474-1733
    DOI 10.1038/s41577-020-00425-7
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  5. Article: Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Dynamics During Infection.

    Soultawi, Cynthia / Fortier, Yasmina / Soundaramourty, Calaiselvy / Estaquier, Jérôme / Laforge, Mireille

    Experientia supplementum (2012)

    2018  Volume 109, Page(s) 221–233

    Abstract: Microbes have developed a series of strategies to overcome the defense mechanisms of the infected host. During pathogen-host coevolution, they develop strategy to manipulate cellular machinery particularly in subverting mitochondrion function. ... ...

    Abstract Microbes have developed a series of strategies to overcome the defense mechanisms of the infected host. During pathogen-host coevolution, they develop strategy to manipulate cellular machinery particularly in subverting mitochondrion function. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that constantly remodel their structure. In particular, shaping and cellular distribution of the mitochondrial network is maintained in large part by the conserved activities of mitochondrial division, fusion, motility, and tethering. Mitochondria have been long recognized for their role in providing energy production, calcium metabolism, and apoptosis. More recently, mitochondria have been also shown to serve as a platform for innate immune response. In this context, mitochondrial dynamics and shaping is not only essential to maintain cristae structure and bioenergetic to fuel cellular demands but contribute to regulate cellular function such as innate immune response and mitochondrial permeabilization. Due to their key role in cell survival, mitochondria represent attractive targets for pathogens. Therefore, microbes by manipulating mitochondrial dynamics may escape to host cellular control. Herein, we describe how mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, and shaping are impacted during microbe infections and how this interplay benefits to pathogens contributing to the diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Infection/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Dynamics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1664-431X
    ISSN 1664-431X
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-74932-7_5
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  6. Article ; Online: Tissue damage from neutrophil-induced oxidative stress in COVID-19.

    Laforge, Mireille / Elbim, Carole / Frère, Corinne / Hémadi, Miryana / Massaad, Charbel / Nuss, Philippe / Benoliel, Jean-Jacques / Becker, Chrystel

    Nature reviews. Immunology

    2020  Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) 515–516

    MeSH term(s) Acetylcysteine/therapeutic use ; Antioxidants/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus/drug effects ; Betacoronavirus/immunology ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/immunology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Extracellular Traps/drug effects ; Extracellular Traps/immunology ; Extracellular Traps/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glycine/analogs & derivatives ; Glycine/therapeutic use ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/drug effects ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Lung/drug effects ; Lung/immunology ; Lung/pathology ; Lung/virology ; Lymphocytes/drug effects ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Lymphocytes/virology ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/immunology ; NF-kappa B/genetics ; NF-kappa B/immunology ; Neutrophils/drug effects ; Neutrophils/immunology ; Neutrophils/virology ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory/therapeutic use ; Reactive Oxygen Species/antagonists & inhibitors ; Reactive Oxygen Species/immunology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sulfonamides/therapeutic use ; Superoxide Dismutase/genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Cytokines ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; NF-kappa B ; NFE2L2 protein, human ; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Sulfonamides ; sivelestat (DWI62G0P59) ; SOD3 protein, human (EC 1.15.1.1) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C) ; Acetylcysteine (WYQ7N0BPYC)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2062776-2
    ISSN 1474-1741 ; 1474-1733
    ISSN (online) 1474-1741
    ISSN 1474-1733
    DOI 10.1038/s41577-020-0407-1
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  7. Article ; Online: Antileishmanial Drugs Modulate IL-12 Expression and Inflammasome Activation in Primary Human Cells.

    André, Sonia / Rodrigues, Vasco / Pemberton, Sarah / Laforge, Mireille / Fortier, Yasmina / Cordeiro-da-Silva, Anabela / MacDougall, Jane / Estaquier, Jérôme

    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

    2020  Volume 204, Issue 7, Page(s) 1869–1880

    Abstract: Leishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases. The treatment of leishmaniasis relies exclusively on chemotherapy including amphotericin B (AmB), miltefosine (hexadecylphosphocholine), and pentamidine. Besides the fact that these molecules are harmful for ...

    Abstract Leishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases. The treatment of leishmaniasis relies exclusively on chemotherapy including amphotericin B (AmB), miltefosine (hexadecylphosphocholine), and pentamidine. Besides the fact that these molecules are harmful for patients, little is known about the impact of such antileishmanial drugs on primary human cells in relation to immune function. The present study demonstrates that all antileishmanial drugs inhibit CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation at the doses that are not related to increased cell death. Our results highlight that antileishmanial drugs have an impact on monocytes by altering the expression of IL-12 induced by LPS, whereas only AmB induced IL-10 secretion; both cytokines are essential in regulating Th1 cell-mediated immunity. Interestingly, IL-12 and anti-IL-10 Abs improved T cell proliferation inhibited by AmB. Furthermore, our results show that in contrast to hexadecylphosphocholine and pentamidine, AmB induced gene expression of the inflammasome pathway. Thus, AmB induced IL-1β and IL-18 secretions, which are reduced by specific inhibitors of caspase activation (Q-VD) and NLRP3 activation (MCC950). Our results reveal previously underestimated effects of antileishmanial drugs on primary human cells.
    MeSH term(s) Antiparasitic Agents/pharmacology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammasomes/drug effects ; Inflammasomes/metabolism ; Interleukin-10/metabolism ; Interleukin-12/metabolism ; Leishmania/genetics ; Leishmania/metabolism ; Leishmaniasis/drug therapy ; Leishmaniasis/metabolism ; Monocytes/drug effects ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Antiparasitic Agents ; Cytokines ; Inflammasomes ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8) ; Interleukin-12 (187348-17-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3056-9
    ISSN 1550-6606 ; 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    ISSN (online) 1550-6606
    ISSN 0022-1767 ; 1048-3233 ; 1047-7381
    DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.1900590
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  8. Article: Tissue damage from neutrophil-induced oxidative stress in COVID-19

    Laforge, Mireille / Elbim, Carole / Frère, Corinne / Hémadi, Miryana / Massaad, Charbel / Nuss, Philippe / Benoliel, Jean-Jacques / Becker, Chrystel

    Nat Rev Immunol

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #690707
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article ; Online: Author Correction

    Laforge, Mireille / Elbim, Carole / Frère, Corinne / Hémadi, Miryana / Massaad, Charbel / Nuss, Philippe / Benoliel, Jean- Jacques / Becker, Chrystel

    Nature Reviews Immunology

    Tissue damage from neutrophil-induced oxidative stress in COVID-19

    2020  Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) 579–579

    Keywords Immunology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2062776-2
    ISSN 1474-1741 ; 1474-1733
    ISSN (online) 1474-1741
    ISSN 1474-1733
    DOI 10.1038/s41577-020-00425-7
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  10. Article ; Online: Tissue damage from neutrophil-induced oxidative stress in COVID-19

    Laforge, Mireille / Elbim, Carole / Frère, Corinne / Hémadi, Miryana / Massaad, Charbel / Nuss, Philippe / Benoliel, Jean-Jacques / Becker, Chrystel

    Nature Reviews Immunology

    2020  Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) 515–516

    Keywords Immunology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2062776-2
    ISSN 1474-1741 ; 1474-1733
    ISSN (online) 1474-1741
    ISSN 1474-1733
    DOI 10.1038/s41577-020-0407-1
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