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  1. Article ; Online: In Vivo

    Rajawat, Yogendra S / Humbert, Olivier / Cook, Savannah M / Radtke, Stefan / Pande, Dnyanada / Enstrom, Mark / Wohlfahrt, Martin E / Kiem, Hans-Peter

    Human gene therapy

    2020  Volume 32, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 113–127

    Abstract: Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC)- ... ...

    Abstract Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC)-based
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Dogs ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors/genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Lentivirus/genetics ; Spumavirus ; Transduction, Genetic ; X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases/genetics ; X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1028152-6
    ISSN 1557-7422 ; 1043-0342
    ISSN (online) 1557-7422
    ISSN 1043-0342
    DOI 10.1089/hum.2020.127
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Effective Multi-lineage Engraftment in a Mouse Model of Fanconi Anemia Using Non-genotoxic Antibody-Based Conditioning.

    Srikanthan, Meera A / Humbert, Olivier / Haworth, Kevin G / Ironside, Christina / Rajawat, Yogendra S / Blazar, Bruce R / Palchaudhuri, Rahul / Boitano, Anthony E / Cooke, Michael P / Scadden, David T / Kiem, Hans-Peter

    Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development

    2020  Volume 17, Page(s) 455–464

    Abstract: Conditioning chemotherapy is used to deplete hematopoietic stem cells in the recipient's marrow, facilitating donor cell engraftment. Although effective, a major issue with chemotherapy is the systemic genotoxicity that increases the risk for secondary ... ...

    Abstract Conditioning chemotherapy is used to deplete hematopoietic stem cells in the recipient's marrow, facilitating donor cell engraftment. Although effective, a major issue with chemotherapy is the systemic genotoxicity that increases the risk for secondary malignancies. Antibody conjugates targeting hematopoietic cells are an emerging non-genotoxic method of opening the marrow niche and promoting engraftment of transplanted cells while maintaining intact marrow cellularity. Specifically, this platform would be useful in diseases associated with DNA damage or cancer predisposition, such as dyskeratosis congenita, Schwachman-Diamond syndrome, and Fanconi anemia (FA). Our approach utilizes antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) as an alternative conditioning regimen in an FA mouse model of autologous transplantation. Antibodies targeting either CD45 or CD117 were conjugated to saporin (SAP), a ribosomal toxin.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2872938-9
    ISSN 2329-0501 ; 2329-0501
    ISSN (online) 2329-0501
    ISSN 2329-0501
    DOI 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.02.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Autophagy in aging and in neurodegenerative disorders.

    Rajawat, Yogendra S / Bossis, Ioannis

    Hormones (Athens, Greece)

    2008  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–61

    Abstract: Autophagy (ATG) is the process of bulk degradation and recycling of long-lived proteins, macromolecular aggregates, and damaged intracellular organelles. Cellular homeostasis requires continuous removal of worn-out components and replacement with newly ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy (ATG) is the process of bulk degradation and recycling of long-lived proteins, macromolecular aggregates, and damaged intracellular organelles. Cellular homeostasis requires continuous removal of worn-out components and replacement with newly synthesized ones. Studies in yeast and other mammalian systems have increased our knowledge of the molecular mechanism of autophagy and the role of autophagy in various pathological conditions. Discovery of the genes involved in the process of autophagy has provided insight into the involvement of various molecular pathways. Growing evidence has indicated that diminished autophagic activity may play a pivotal role in the aging process. Cellular aging is characterized by a progressive accumulation of nonfunctional cellular components owing to oxidative damage and a decline in turnover rate and housekeeping mechanisms. Lysosomes are key organelles in the aging process due to their involvement in both macroautophagy and other housekeeping mechanisms. Autophagosomes themselves have limited degrading capacity and rely on fusion with lysosomes. Accumulation of defective mitochondria also appears to be critical in the progression of aging. Inefficient removal of nonfunctional mitochondria by lysosomes constitutes a major issue in the aging process. Autophagy has been associated with a growing number of pathological conditions, including cancer, myopathies, and neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in autophagy, the mechanisms of aging, and the possible role of autophagy in this process. Understanding the mechanisms by which autophagy impacts aging may provide useful molecular targets for pharmaceuticals designed to delay aging or correct conditions of premature aging.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aging/physiology ; Autophagy/physiology ; Humans ; Lysosomes/physiology ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology ; Neurons/pathology ; Neurons/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-03-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2075912-5
    ISSN 1109-3099
    ISSN 1109-3099
    DOI 10.14310/horm.2002.1111037
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Aging: central role for autophagy and the lysosomal degradative system.

    Rajawat, Yogendra S / Hilioti, Zoe / Bossis, Ioannis

    Ageing research reviews

    2009  Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 199–213

    Abstract: The lysosomal network is the major intracellular proteolytic system accounting for more than 98% of long-lived bulk protein degradation and recycling particularly in tissues such as liver and muscles. Lysosomes are the final destination of intracellular ... ...

    Abstract The lysosomal network is the major intracellular proteolytic system accounting for more than 98% of long-lived bulk protein degradation and recycling particularly in tissues such as liver and muscles. Lysosomes are the final destination of intracellular damaged structures, identified and sequestered by the processes of macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). In the process of macroautophagy, long-lived proteins and other macromolecular aggregates and damaged intracellular organelles are first engulfed by autophagosomes. Autophagosomes themselves have limited degrading capacity and rely on fusion with lysosomes. Unlike macroautophagy, CMA does not require intermediate vesicle formation and the cytosolic proteins recognized by this pathway are directly translocated to the lysosomal membrane. Aging is a universal phenomenon characterized by progressive deterioration of cells and organs due to accumulation of macromolecular and organelle damage. The continuous removal of worn-out components and replacement with newly synthesized ones ensures cellular homeostasis and delays the aging process. Growing evidence indicate that the rate of autophagosome formation and maturation and the efficiency of autophagosome/lysosome fusion decline with age. In addition, a progressive increase in intralysosomal concentration of free radicals and the age pigment lipofuscin further diminish the efficiency of lysosomal protein degradation. Therefore, integrity of the autophagosomal-lysosomal network appears to be critical in the progression of aging. Discovery of the genes involved in the process of autophagy has provided insight into the various molecular pathways that may be involved in aging and senescence. In this review, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in autophagy and the role of autophagosome/lysosome network in the aging process.
    MeSH term(s) Aging/metabolism ; Animals ; Autophagy/physiology ; Cellular Senescence/physiology ; Free Radicals/metabolism ; Humans ; Lipofuscin/metabolism ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/physiology
    Chemical Substances Free Radicals ; Lipofuscin ; Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2075672-0
    ISSN 1872-9649 ; 1568-1637
    ISSN (online) 1872-9649
    ISSN 1568-1637
    DOI 10.1016/j.arr.2009.05.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Rapid immune reconstitution of SCID-X1 canines after G-CSF/AMD3100 mobilization and in vivo gene therapy.

    Humbert, Olivier / Chan, Frieda / Rajawat, Yogendra S / Torgerson, Troy R / Burtner, Christopher R / Hubbard, Nicholas W / Humphrys, Daniel / Norgaard, Zachary K / O'Donnell, Patricia / Adair, Jennifer E / Trobridge, Grant D / Scharenberg, Andrew M / Felsburg, Peter J / Rawlings, David J / Kiem, Hans-Peter

    Blood advances

    2018  Volume 2, Issue 9, Page(s) 987–999

    Abstract: Hematopoietic stem-cell gene therapy is a promising treatment of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID-X1), but currently, it requires recipient conditioning, extensive cell manipulation, and sophisticated facilities. With these ... ...

    Abstract Hematopoietic stem-cell gene therapy is a promising treatment of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID-X1), but currently, it requires recipient conditioning, extensive cell manipulation, and sophisticated facilities. With these limitations in mind, we explored a simpler therapeutic approach to SCID-X1 treatment by direct IV administration of foamy virus (FV) vectors in the canine model. FV vectors were used because they have a favorable integration site profile and are resistant to serum inactivation. Here, we show improved efficacy of our in vivo gene therapy platform by mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and AMD3100 before injection of an optimized FV vector incorporating the human phosphoglycerate kinase enhancerless promoter. G-CSF/AMD3100 mobilization before FV vector delivery accelerated kinetics of CD3
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Benzylamines ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Cyclams ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dog Diseases/blood ; Dog Diseases/genetics ; Dog Diseases/therapy ; Dogs ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors/pharmacology ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Heterocyclic Compounds/pharmacology ; Humans ; Phosphoglycerate Kinase/genetics ; Spumavirus ; X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases/blood ; X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases/genetics ; X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases/therapy ; X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases/veterinary
    Chemical Substances Benzylamines ; Cyclams ; Heterocyclic Compounds ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (143011-72-7) ; Phosphoglycerate Kinase (EC 2.7.2.3) ; plerixafor (S915P5499N)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2915908-8
    ISSN 2473-9537 ; 2473-9529
    ISSN (online) 2473-9537
    ISSN 2473-9529
    DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018016451
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: HN protein of Newcastle disease virus causes apoptosis in chicken embryo fibroblast cells.

    Ravindra, P V / Tiwari, Ashok K / Sharma, Bhaskar / Rajawat, Yogendra Singh / Ratta, Barkha / Palia, Sudesh / Sundaresan, N R / Chaturvedi, Uttara / Gangaplara, Arunakumar / Kumar, G B Aruna / Chindera, Kantaraja / Saxena, Meeta / Subudhi, P K / Rai, Anant / Chauhan, R S

    Archives of virology

    2008  Volume 153, Issue 4, Page(s) 749–754

    Abstract: Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, induces apoptosis in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells. In the present investigation, the ability of haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of NDV to cause apoptosis in CEF cells was examined. ...

    Abstract Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, induces apoptosis in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells. In the present investigation, the ability of haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of NDV to cause apoptosis in CEF cells was examined. The results revealed that cells expressing the HN protein demonstrated decreased DNA content, phosphatidylserine exposure and increased cytoplasmic vacuolation. Up-regulation of caspase-1, -9, -8, -3, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and an increase in oxidative stress were also observed in cells expressing the HN protein. Based on the above results it can be concluded that HN protein of NDV causes apoptosis in CEF cells.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspases/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo/cytology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/pathology ; Fibroblasts/virology ; HN Protein/metabolism ; Newcastle disease virus/metabolism ; Newcastle disease virus/pathogenicity ; Oxidative Stress ; Phosphatidylserines/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Chemical Substances HN Protein ; Phosphatidylserines ; Caspases (EC 3.4.22.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 7491-3
    ISSN 1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
    ISSN (online) 1432-8798
    ISSN 0304-8608
    DOI 10.1007/s00705-008-0057-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: HN protein of Newcastle disease virus causes apoptosis in chicken embryo fibroblast cells

    Ravindra, P. V / Tiwari, Ashok K / Sharma, Bhaskar / Rajawat, Yogendra Singh / Ratta, Barkha / Palia, Sudesh / Sundaresan, N. R / Chaturvedi, Uttara / Aruna Kumar, G. B / Chindera, Kantaraja / Saxena, Meeta / Subudhi, P. K / Rai, Anant / Chauhan, R. S

    Archives of virology. 2008 Apr., v. 153, no. 4

    2008  

    Abstract: Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, induces apoptosis in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells. In the present investigation, the ability of haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of NDV to cause apoptosis in CEF cells was examined. ...

    Abstract Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, induces apoptosis in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells. In the present investigation, the ability of haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of NDV to cause apoptosis in CEF cells was examined. The results revealed that cells expressing the HN protein demonstrated decreased DNA content, phosphatidylserine exposure and increased cytoplasmic vacuolation. Up-regulation of caspase-1, -9, -8, -3, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and an increase in oxidative stress were also observed in cells expressing the HN protein. Based on the above results it can be concluded that HN protein of NDV causes apoptosis in CEF cells.
    Keywords DNA ; Newcastle disease virus ; Rubulavirus ; apoptosis ; caspase-1 ; chickens ; membrane potential ; oxidative stress
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2008-04
    Size p. 749-754.
    Publisher Springer Vienna
    Publishing place Vienna
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 7491-3
    ISSN 1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
    ISSN (online) 1432-8798
    ISSN 0304-8608
    DOI 10.1007/s00705-008-0057-2
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Generation of a tumor vaccine candidate based on conjugation of a MUC1 peptide to polyionic papillomavirus virus-like particles.

    Pejawar-Gaddy, Sharmila / Rajawat, Yogendra / Hilioti, Zoe / Xue, Jia / Gaddy, Daniel F / Finn, Olivera J / Viscidi, Raphael P / Bossis, Ioannis

    Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII

    2010  Volume 59, Issue 11, Page(s) 1685–1696

    Abstract: Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine technology due to their safety and ability to elicit strong immune responses. Chimeric VLPs can extend this technology to low immunogenicity foreign antigens. However, insertion of foreign epitopes into ... ...

    Abstract Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine technology due to their safety and ability to elicit strong immune responses. Chimeric VLPs can extend this technology to low immunogenicity foreign antigens. However, insertion of foreign epitopes into the sequence of self-assembling proteins can have unpredictable effects on the assembly process. We aimed to generate chimeric bovine papillomavirus (BPV) VLPs displaying a repetitive array of polyanionic docking sites on their surface. These VLPs can serve as platform for covalent coupling of polycationic fusion proteins. We generated baculoviruses expressing chimeric BPV L1 protein with insertion of a polyglutamic-cysteine residue in the BC, DE, HI loops and the H4 helix. Expression in insect cells yielded assembled VLPs only from insertion in HI loop. Insertion in DE loop and H4 helix resulted in partially formed VLPs and capsomeres, respectively. The polyanionic sites on the surface of VLPs and capsomeres were decorated with a polycationic MUC1 peptide containing a polyarginine-cysteine residue fused to 20 amino acids of the MUC1 tandem repeat through electrostatic interactions and redox-induced disulfide bond formation. MUC1-conjugated fully assembled VLPs induced robust activation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, which could then present MUC1 antigen to MUC1-specific T cell hybridomas and primary naïve MUC1-specific T cells obtained from a MUC1-specific TCR transgenic mice. Immunization of human MUC1 transgenic mice, where MUC1 is a self-antigen, with the VLP vaccine induced MUC1-specific CTL, delayed the growth of MUC1 transplanted tumors and elicited complete tumor rejection in some animals.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Capsid Proteins/genetics ; Capsid Proteins/immunology ; Cattle ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/genetics ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mucin-1/immunology ; Papillomaviridae/genetics ; Papillomavirus Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Peptide Fragments/genetics ; Peptide Fragments/immunology ; Peptide Fragments/metabolism ; Peptides/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; Virion/genetics ; Virion/immunology
    Chemical Substances Cancer Vaccines ; Capsid Proteins ; L1 protein, Bovine papillomavirus ; MUC1 protein, human ; Mucin-1 ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Peptide Fragments ; Peptides ; polyarginine (25212-18-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 195342-4
    ISSN 1432-0851 ; 0340-7004
    ISSN (online) 1432-0851
    ISSN 0340-7004
    DOI 10.1007/s00262-010-0895-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Generation of a tumor vaccine candidate based on conjugation of a MUC1 peptide to polyionic papillomavirus virus-like particles

    Pejawar-Gaddy, Sharmila / Rajawat, Yogendra / Hilioti, Zoe / Xue, Jia / Gaddy, Daniel F / Finn, Olivera J / Viscidi, Raphael P / Bossis, Ioannis

    Cancer immunology, immunotherapy. 2010 Nov., v. 59, no. 11

    2010  

    Abstract: Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine technology due to their safety and ability to elicit strong immune responses. Chimeric VLPs can extend this technology to low immunogenicity foreign antigens. However, insertion of foreign epitopes into ... ...

    Abstract Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine technology due to their safety and ability to elicit strong immune responses. Chimeric VLPs can extend this technology to low immunogenicity foreign antigens. However, insertion of foreign epitopes into the sequence of self-assembling proteins can have unpredictable effects on the assembly process. We aimed to generate chimeric bovine papillomavirus (BPV) VLPs displaying a repetitive array of polyanionic docking sites on their surface. These VLPs can serve as platform for covalent coupling of polycationic fusion proteins. We generated baculoviruses expressing chimeric BPV L1 protein with insertion of a polyglutamic-cysteine residue in the BC, DE, HI loops and the H4 helix. Expression in insect cells yielded assembled VLPs only from insertion in HI loop. Insertion in DE loop and H4 helix resulted in partially formed VLPs and capsomeres, respectively. The polyanionic sites on the surface of VLPs and capsomeres were decorated with a polycationic MUC1 peptide containing a polyarginine-cysteine residue fused to 20 amino acids of the MUC1 tandem repeat through electrostatic interactions and redox-induced disulfide bond formation. MUC1-conjugated fully assembled VLPs induced robust activation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, which could then present MUC1 antigen to MUC1-specific T cell hybridomas and primary naïve MUC1-specific T cells obtained from a MUC1-specific TCR transgenic mice. Immunization of human MUC1 transgenic mice, where MUC1 is a self-antigen, with the VLP vaccine induced MUC1-specific CTL, delayed the growth of MUC1 transplanted tumors and elicited complete tumor rejection in some animals.
    Keywords immunotherapy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2010-11
    Size p. 1685-1696.
    Publisher Springer-Verlag
    Publishing place Berlin/Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 195342-4
    ISSN 1432-0851 ; 0340-7004
    ISSN (online) 1432-0851
    ISSN 0340-7004
    DOI 10.1007/s00262-010-0895-0
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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