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Article ; Online: Biological sex does not independently influence time-dependent changes in core temperature and sweating of children exercising in uncompensable heat stress.

Topham, Thomas H / Smallcombe, James W / Brown, Harry A / Clark, Brad / Woodward, Andrew P / Telford, Richard D / Jay, Ollie / Périard, Julien D

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

2024

Abstract: ... heat production per kg body mass (8 W·kg: Results: Conditional on sex-specific mean V̇O: Conclusion ...

Abstract	Purpose: To investigate the influence of biological sex, independent of differences in aerobic fitness and body fatness, on the change in gastro-intestinal temperature (∆T Methods: Seventeen boys (mean±SD; 13.7±1.3 years) and 18 girls (13.7±1.4) years) walked for 45 min at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production per kg body mass (8 W·kg Results: Conditional on sex-specific mean V̇O Conclusion: Biological sex did not independently influence the ∆T
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	219139-8
ISSN	1522-1601 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
ISSN (online)	1522-1601
ISSN	0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
DOI	10.1152/japplphysiol.00877.2023
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Article ; Online: Biology in Bloom: A Primer on the

Woodward, Andrew W / Bartel, Bonnie

Genetics

2018 Volume 208, Issue 4, Page(s) 1337–1349

Abstract: Arabidopsis ... ...

Abstract	Arabidopsis thaliana
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Arabidopsis/physiology ; Biology ; Genetic Association Studies ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Biology ; Research ; Signal Transduction
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	2167-2
ISSN	1943-2631 ; 0016-6731
ISSN (online)	1943-2631
ISSN	0016-6731
DOI	10.1534/genetics.118.300755
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Article ; Online: Enterohemorrhagic

Vogt, Stefanie L / Serapio-Palacios, Antonio / Woodward, Sarah E / Santos, Andrew S / de Vries, Stefan P W / Daigneault, Michelle C / Brandmeier, Lisa V / Grant, Andrew J / Maskell, Duncan J / Allen-Vercoe, Emma / Finlay, B Brett

Gut microbes

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2190303

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Enterohemorrhagic
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Biotin/metabolism ; Microbiota ; Colon ; Escherichia coli Infections
Chemical Substances	Biotin (6SO6U10H04)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2575755-6
ISSN	1949-0984 ; 1949-0984
ISSN (online)	1949-0984
ISSN	1949-0984
DOI	10.1080/19490976.2023.2190303
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Article ; Online: MEF2A suppresses stress responses that trigger DDX41-dependent IFN production.

Smith, Julian R / Dowling, Jack W / McFadden, Matthew I / Karp, Andrew / Schwerk, Johannes / Woodward, Joshua J / Savan, Ram / Forero, Adriana

Cell reports

2023 Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 112805

Abstract: Cellular stress in the form of disrupted transcription, loss of organelle integrity, or damage to nucleic acids can elicit inflammatory responses by activating signaling cascades canonically tasked with controlling pathogen infections. These stressors ... ...

Abstract	Cellular stress in the form of disrupted transcription, loss of organelle integrity, or damage to nucleic acids can elicit inflammatory responses by activating signaling cascades canonically tasked with controlling pathogen infections. These stressors must be kept in check to prevent unscheduled activation of interferon, which contributes to autoinflammation. This study examines the role of the transcription factor myocyte enhancing factor 2A (MEF2A) in setting the threshold of transcriptional stress responses to prevent R-loop accumulation. Increases in R-loops lead to the induction of interferon and inflammatory responses in a DEAD-box helicase 41 (DDX41)-, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent manner. The loss of MEF2A results in the activation of ATM and RAD3-related (ATR) kinase, which is also necessary for the activation of STING. This study identifies the role of MEF2A in sustaining transcriptional homeostasis and highlights the role of ATR in positively regulating R-loop-associated inflammatory responses.
MeSH term(s)	Signal Transduction ; Nucleotidyltransferases/metabolism ; RNA Helicases ; Interferons ; Immunity, Innate
Chemical Substances	Nucleotidyltransferases (EC 2.7.7.-) ; RNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.13) ; Interferons (9008-11-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2649101-1
ISSN	2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
ISSN (online)	2211-1247
ISSN	2211-1247
DOI	10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112805
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Article ; Online: Influence of Biological Sex and Fitness on Core Temperature Change and Sweating in Children Exercising in Warm Conditions.

Topham, Thomas H / Smallcombe, James W / Brown, Harry A / Clark, Brad / Woodward, Andrew P / Telford, Richard D / Jay, Ollie / Périard, Julien D

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

2023 Volume 56, Issue 4, Page(s) 697–705

Abstract: ... heat production (8 W·kg -1 ) in 30°C and 40% relative humidity. Biological sex and relative V̇O 2peak were entered ...

Abstract	Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the associations of biological sex and aerobic fitness (i.e., V̇O 2peak ) on the change in gastrointestinal temperature (∆ Tgi ) and whole-body sweat rate (WBSR) of children exercising in warm conditions. Methods: Thirty-eight children (17 boys, mean ± SD = 13.7 ± 1.2 yr; 21 girls, 13.6 ± 1.8 yr) walked for 45 min at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (8 W·kg -1 ) in 30°C and 40% relative humidity. Biological sex and relative V̇O 2peak were entered as predictors into a Bayesian hierarchical generalized additive model for Tgi . For a subsample of 13 girls with measured body composition, body fat percent was entered into a separate hierarchical generalized additive model for Tgi . Sex, V̇O 2peak , and the evaporative requirement for heat balance ( Ereq ) were entered into a Bayesian hierarchical linear regression for WBSR. Results: The mean ∆ Tgi for boys was 0.71°C (90% credible interval = 0.60-0.82) and for girls 0.78°C (0.68-0.88). A predicted 20 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 higher V̇O 2peak resulted in a 0.19°C (-0.03 to 0.43) and 0.24°C (0.07-0.40) lower ∆ Tgi in boys and girls, respectively. A predicted ~13% lower body fat in the subsample of girls resulted in a 0.15°C (-0.12 to 0.45) lower ∆ Tgi . When Ereq was standardized to the grand mean, the difference in WBSR between boys and girls was -0.00 L·h -1 (-0.06 to 0.06), and a 20-mL·kg -1 ·min -1 higher predicted V̇O 2peak resulted in a mean difference in WBSR of -0.07 L·h -1 (-0.15 to 0.00). Conclusions: Biological sex did not independently influence ∆ Tgi and WBSR in children. However, a higher predicted V̇O 2peak resulted in a lower ∆ Tgi of children, which was not associated with a greater WBSR, but may be related to differences in body fat percent between high and low fitness individuals.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Sweating ; Temperature ; Bayes Theorem ; Exercise ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Hot Temperature ; Oxygen Consumption
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603994-7
ISSN	1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
ISSN (online)	1530-0315
ISSN	0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
DOI	10.1249/MSS.0000000000003347
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Article ; Online: Tracheal cellular immune response in chickens inoculated with Mycoplasma synoviae vaccine, MS-H or its parent strain 86079/7NS.

Omotainse, Oluwadamilola S / Wawegama, Nadeeka K / Kulappu Arachchige, Sathya N / C Coppo, Mauricio J / Vaz, Paola K / Woodward, Andrew P / Kordafshari, Somayeh / Bogeski, Mirjana / Stevenson, Mark / Noormohammadi, Amir H / Stent, Andrew W

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

2022 Volume 251, Page(s) 110472

Abstract: Mycoplasma synoviae causes respiratory tract disease in chickens characterised by mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the tracheal mucosa. MS-H (Vaxsafe1 MS, Bioproperties Pty Ltd.) is an effective live attenuated vaccine for M. synoviae, ... ...

Abstract	Mycoplasma synoviae causes respiratory tract disease in chickens characterised by mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the tracheal mucosa. MS-H (Vaxsafe1 MS, Bioproperties Pty Ltd.) is an effective live attenuated vaccine for M. synoviae, but the immunological basis for its mechanism of protection has not been investigated, and the phenotypes of lymphocytes and associated cytokines involved in the local adaptive immune response have not been described previously. In this study, specific-pathogen-free chickens were inoculated intra-ocularly at 3 weeks of age with either M. synoviae vaccine strain MS-H or vaccine parent strain 86079/7NS (7NS), or remained uninoculated. At 2-, 7- and 21 days post-inoculation (dpi), tracheal mucosal pathology, infiltrating lymphocytes subsets and transcription levels of mRNA encoding 8 cytokines were assessed using light microscopy, indirect immunofluorescent staining and RT-qPCR, respectively. After inoculation, tracheal mucosal thickness, tracheal mucosal lesions, and numbers of infiltrating CD4
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bacterial Vaccines ; Chickens ; Cytokines ; Immunity, Cellular ; Mycoplasma Infections/prevention & control ; Mycoplasma Infections/veterinary ; Mycoplasma synoviae ; Poultry Diseases/prevention & control ; Vaccines, Attenuated
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Vaccines ; Cytokines ; Vaccines, Attenuated
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	754160-0
ISSN	1873-2534 ; 0165-2427
ISSN (online)	1873-2534
ISSN	0165-2427
DOI	10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110472
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Article ; Online: Photoluminescence of Pentavalent Uranyl Amide Complexes.

Ortu, Fabrizio / Randall, Simon / Moulding, David J / Woodward, Adam W / Kerridge, Andrew / Meyer, Karsten / La Pierre, Henry S / Natrajan, Louise S

Journal of the American Chemical Society

2021 Volume 143, Issue 33, Page(s) 13184–13194

Abstract: Pentavalent uranyl species are crucial intermediates in transformations that play a key role for the nuclear industry and have recently been demonstrated to persist in reducing biotic and abiotic aqueous environments. However, due to the inherent ... ...

Abstract	Pentavalent uranyl species are crucial intermediates in transformations that play a key role for the nuclear industry and have recently been demonstrated to persist in reducing biotic and abiotic aqueous environments. However, due to the inherent instability of pentavalent uranyl, little is known about its electronic structure. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of monomeric and dimeric, pentavalent uranyl amide complexes. These synthetic efforts enable the acquisition of emission spectra of well-defined pentavalent uranyl complexes using photoluminescence techniques, which establish a unique signature to characterize its electronic structure and, potentially, its role in biological and engineered environments via emission spectroscopy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3155-0
ISSN	1520-5126 ; 0002-7863
ISSN (online)	1520-5126
ISSN	0002-7863
DOI	10.1021/jacs.1c05184
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Article ; Online: MEF2A suppresses stress responses that trigger DDX41-dependent IFN production

Julian R. Smith / Jack W. Dowling / Matthew I. McFadden / Andrew Karp / Johannes Schwerk / Joshua J. Woodward / Ram Savan / Adriana Forero

Cell Reports, Vol 42, Iss 8, Pp 112805- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Summary: Cellular stress in the form of disrupted transcription, loss of organelle integrity, or damage to nucleic acids can elicit inflammatory responses by activating signaling cascades canonically tasked with controlling pathogen infections. These ... ...

Abstract	Summary: Cellular stress in the form of disrupted transcription, loss of organelle integrity, or damage to nucleic acids can elicit inflammatory responses by activating signaling cascades canonically tasked with controlling pathogen infections. These stressors must be kept in check to prevent unscheduled activation of interferon, which contributes to autoinflammation. This study examines the role of the transcription factor myocyte enhancing factor 2A (MEF2A) in setting the threshold of transcriptional stress responses to prevent R-loop accumulation. Increases in R-loops lead to the induction of interferon and inflammatory responses in a DEAD-box helicase 41 (DDX41)-, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent manner. The loss of MEF2A results in the activation of ATM and RAD3-related (ATR) kinase, which is also necessary for the activation of STING. This study identifies the role of MEF2A in sustaining transcriptional homeostasis and highlights the role of ATR in positively regulating R-loop-associated inflammatory responses.
Keywords	CP: Immunology ; CP: Molecular biology ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Effect of Hemodiafiltration or Hemodialysis on Mortality in Kidney Failure.

Blankestijn, Peter J / Vernooij, Robin W M / Hockham, Carinna / Strippoli, Giovanni F M / Canaud, Bernard / Hegbrant, Jörgen / Barth, Claudia / Covic, Adrian / Cromm, Krister / Cucui, Andrea / Davenport, Andrew / Rose, Matthias / Török, Marietta / Woodward, Mark / Bots, Michiel L

The New England journal of medicine

2023 Volume 389, Issue 8, Page(s) 700–709

Abstract: Background: Several studies have suggested that patients with kidney failure may benefit from high-dose hemodiafiltration as compared with standard hemodialysis. However, given the limitations of the various published studies, additional data are needed. ...

Abstract	Background: Several studies have suggested that patients with kidney failure may benefit from high-dose hemodiafiltration as compared with standard hemodialysis. However, given the limitations of the various published studies, additional data are needed. Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, multinational, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with kidney failure who had received high-flux hemodialysis for at least 3 months. All the patients were deemed to be candidates for a convection volume of at least 23 liters per session (as required for high-dose hemodiafiltration) and were able to complete patient-reported outcome assessments. The patients were assigned to receive high-dose hemodiafiltration or continuation of conventional high-flux hemodialysis. The primary outcome was death from any cause. Key secondary outcomes were cause-specific death, a composite of fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular events, kidney transplantation, and recurrent all-cause or infection-related hospitalizations. Results: A total of 1360 patients underwent randomization: 683 to receive high-dose hemodiafiltration and 677 to receive high-flux hemodialysis. The median follow-up was 30 months (interquartile range, 27 to 38). The mean convection volume during the trial in the hemodiafiltration group was 25.3 liters per session. Death from any cause occurred in 118 patients (17.3%) in the hemodiafiltration group and in 148 patients (21.9%) in the hemodialysis group (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 0.93). Conclusions: In patients with kidney failure resulting in kidney-replacement therapy, the use of high-dose hemodiafiltration resulted in a lower risk of death from any cause than conventional high-flux hemodialysis. (Funded by the European Commission Research and Innovation; CONVINCE Dutch Trial Register number, NTR7138.).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hemodiafiltration/adverse effects ; Hemodiafiltration/methods ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects ; Renal Insufficiency/etiology ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Pragmatic Clinical Trial ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	207154-x
ISSN	1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
ISSN (online)	1533-4406
ISSN	0028-4793
DOI	10.1056/NEJMoa2304820
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Article ; Online: A comparison between MRI and CT in the assessment of primary tumour volume in mesothelioma.

Tsim, Selina / Cowell, Gordon W / Kidd, Andrew / Woodward, Rosemary / Alexander, Laura / Kelly, Caroline / Foster, John E / Blyth, Kevin G

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

2020 Volume 150, Page(s) 12–20

Abstract: Introduction: Primary tumour staging in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) using Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is confounded by perception errors reflecting low spatial resolution between tumour and adjacent structures. Augmentation using perfusion ...

Abstract	Introduction: Primary tumour staging in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) using Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is confounded by perception errors reflecting low spatial resolution between tumour and adjacent structures. Augmentation using perfusion CT is constrained by radiation dosage. In this study, we evaluated an alternative tumour staging method using perfusion-tuned Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Methods: Consecutive patients with suspected MPM were recruited to a prospective observational study. All had MRI (T1-weighted, isotropic, contrast-enhanced 3-Tesla perfusion imaging) and CT (contrast-enhanced) pre-biopsy. Patients diagnosed with MPM underwent MRI and CT volumetry, with readers blinded to clinical data. MRI volumetry was semi-automated, using signal intensity limits from perfusion studies to grow tumour regions within a pleural volume. A similar CT method was not possible, therefore all visible tumour was manually segmented. MRI and CT volumes were compared (agreement, correlation, analysis time, reproducibility) and associations with survival examined using Cox regression. Results: 58 patients were recruited and had MRI before biopsy. 31/58 were diagnosed with MPM and these scans were used for volumetry. Mean (SD) MRI and CT volumes were 370 cm Conclusions: MRI and CT generate different tumour volumes in MPM. In this study, MRI volumes were larger and were independently associated with survival. MRI volumetry was quicker and more reproducible than CT.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesothelioma/diagnostic imaging ; Pleural Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tumor Burden
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	632771-0
ISSN	1872-8332 ; 0169-5002
ISSN (online)	1872-8332
ISSN	0169-5002
DOI	10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.09.025
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