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Article: [The official appointment of medical graduates in the Imperial Medical College (Guo Zi Jian Yi Ke) in the Northern Song Dynasty].

Sun, M / Liao, L T

Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980)

2023 Volume 53, Issue 1, Page(s) 15–21

Abstract: The Imperial Medical College (Guo Zi Jian Yi Ke) in the Northern Song Dynasty was established ...

Abstract	The Imperial Medical College (Guo Zi Jian Yi Ke) in the Northern Song Dynasty was established for training Confucian physicians. The medical graduates from this college were granted superior official recognition but still received equal opportunities for their career advancement as other graduates for arts. This was partly because medical graduates were not well respected at that time and partly because the then government attempted to encourage more people to learn medicine. On the other hand, this official system seems to have not been successful in the purpose of training Confucian physicians because they were given more opportunities to be granted as governors of states or counties rather than remaining as Confucian physicians. However, the official system for the medical graduates showed the encouragement and the respect to Confucian physicians from the then government. It changed the medical views of upper class and promoted the development of traditional Chinese medicine.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Medicine ; Physicians ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Universities ; Confucianism
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2023-03-14
Publishing country	China
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1052411-3
ISSN	0255-7053
ISSN	0255-7053
DOI	10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20211221-00150
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Article: Parsing the Q-Markers of Baoyin Jian to Treat Abnormal Uterine Bleeding by High-Throughput Chinmedomics Strategy.

Li, Qiuhan / Ren, Junling / Yang, Le / Sun, Hui / Zhang, Xiwu / Yan, Guangli / Han, Ying / Wang, Xijun

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 16, Issue 5

Abstract: ... seriously threatening women's health. Baoyin Jian (BYJ) is a classical prescription for treating AUB ...

Abstract	Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common and frequently occurring disease in gynecology, seriously threatening women's health. Baoyin Jian (BYJ) is a classical prescription for treating AUB. However, the lack of quality control standards of BYJ for AUB have limited the development and applications of BYJ. This experiment aims to explore the mechanism of action and screen the quality markers (Q-markers) of BYJ against AUB through the Chinmedomics strategy to improve the quality standards of Chinese medicine and provide scientific basis for its further development. BYJ has hemostatic effects in rats, as well as the ability to regulate the coagulation system following incomplete medical abortion. According to the results of histopathology, biochemical indexes and urine metabolomics, a total of 32 biomarkers of ABU in rats were identified, 16 of which can be significantly regulated by BYJ. Using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) serum pharmacochemistry technology, 59 effective components were detected
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph16050719
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Article ; Online: Metabolomics analysis of the potential mechanism of Yi-Guan-Jian decoction to reverse bone loss in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

Yin, Mengxing / Zhou, Dezhi / Jia, Fu / Su, Xiaosan / Li, Xiufang / Sun, Ruifen / Li, Junmin

Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 409

Abstract: ... hypotaurine metabolism, with - log10 (P) > 2.0 and Impact > 0.4.: Conclusions: Yi-Guan-Jian decoction ...

Abstract	Background: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a disease in which long-term use of glucocorticoid causes bone loss, deterioration of bone microstructure and fracture. Currently, clinical drugs targeting this disease have certain side effects. There is still a need to find effective drugs with fewer side effects. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine suggests that YGJ has therapeutic effect on GIOP, but it has not been explained. Therefore, this study aims to explore the protective effect of YGJ on GIOP mouse models and elucidate the underlying mechanism through LC-MS-based metabolomics analysis. Methods: The general condition of 8 week age male C57BL/6J mice was recorded after 8 weeks of treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) and YGJ. Bone-related parameters and bone morphology were determined by Micro-CT. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of bone tissue. Serum levels of bone metabolism markers were detected by ELISA. Liver metabolomics analysis was conducted to search for the significant markers of anti-GIOP of YGJ and the metabolic pathway affecting it. Results: After treatment, YGJ significantly reversed the weight loss caused by DEX; increase the number of bone trabecular in ROI region, significantly improve the bone-related parameters of GIOP mice, and increase the levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. In the study of metabolic mechanism, YGJ reversed 24 potential markers in GIOP mice. These included cortisol, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, taurine, esculin and uric acid, which are closely associated with osteoporosis. Topological analysis results showed that YGJ had the most significant effect on taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, with - log10 (P) > 2.0 and Impact > 0.4. Conclusions: Yi-Guan-Jian decoction can increase bone density and improve bone microstructure by regulating the levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin and reverse bone loss in GIOP mouse model. The underlying metabolic mechanism may be related to taurine and hypotaurine metabolic pathway.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Male ; Animals ; Glucocorticoids/adverse effects ; Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism ; Osteocalcin ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Osteoporosis/chemically induced ; Osteoporosis/diagnostic imaging ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Metabolomics/methods ; Taurine/adverse effects ; Disease Models, Animal
Chemical Substances	Glucocorticoids ; hypotaurine (5L08GE4332) ; Alkaline Phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) ; Osteocalcin (104982-03-8) ; Taurine (1EQV5MLY3D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2252548-8
ISSN	1749-799X ; 1749-799X
ISSN (online)	1749-799X
ISSN	1749-799X
DOI	10.1186/s13018-023-03778-6
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Article: Efficacy and Safety of Modified Yunu-Jian in Patients with Periodontitis: A Meta-Analysis.

Yue, Yuanyuan / Gao, Meng / Deng, Yanru / Shao, Jiemin / Sun, Yingguang

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2021 Volume 2021, Page(s) 5147439

Abstract: Background: Modified Yunu-Jian (mYJ), a Chinese medicine (CM) formula, is thought to clear heat ... Only randomized controlled trials investigating modified Yunu-Jian, with or without other medications ...

Abstract	Background: Modified Yunu-Jian (mYJ), a Chinese medicine (CM) formula, is thought to clear heat and nourish yin. Clinically, it is often used to treat oral inflammation. However, its efficacy remains controversial. Methods: The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mYJ for treating patients with periodontitis. We searched electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, VIP database, and CBM) from inception to December 2020. Only randomized controlled trials investigating modified Yunu-Jian, with or without other medications, against controlled intervention in the treatment of patients diagnosed with periodontitis were included. Both Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 15.0 software were used to analyze the data. The Cochrane Collaborations risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the methods. Results: Thirteen clinical trials, involving 1179 participants, were included in our investigation. The results showed that the combination of mYJ with western medicine improved the total effective rate compared with western medicine alone (RR = 1.17, 95% CI (1.12, 1.23), Conclusions: Evidence from the meta-analysis suggested that mYJ appeared to be effective and relatively safe for treating periodontitis. Because of the low quality of the methods used in the included RCTs, further studies with larger sample sizes and well-designed models are required to confirm our findings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2021/5147439
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Article ; Online: Characterization of key odorants in Langyatai Baijiu with Jian flavour by sensory-directed analysis.

Du, Jingyi / Li, Yueming / Xu, Jianchun / Huang, Mingquan / Wang, Juan / Chao, Jinfu / Wu, Jihong / Sun, Huibin / Ding, Haimei / Ye, Hong

Food chemistry

2021 Volume 352, Page(s) 129363

Abstract: ... Baijiu with Jian flavour (LBJF) using sensory omics analysis (SOA). A total of 56 odorants were screened ... This study uncovers the characteristics of Jian flavour Baijiu (JFB) and provides a scientific basis ...

Abstract	A study was carried out to determine systematically the key aroma-active compounds of Langyatai Baijiu with Jian flavour (LBJF) using sensory omics analysis (SOA). A total of 56 odorants were screened out using gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS)/Osme analysis. Among them, 15 aroma-active components were first identified. After quantitation, 30 odorants had odour activity values (OAVs) > 1.0 in LBJF. Recombinant and omission experiments proved that the esters, alcohols, acids, especially ethyl hexanoate, γ-nonalactone, and dimethyl trisulfide, were critical to the flavour of LBJF. The basic and commercial liquors had obvious differences in the skeleton compositions of esters and acids. This study uncovers the characteristics of Jian flavour Baijiu (JFB) and provides a scientific basis for the quality control of JFB, which is helpful for the development of Chinese Baijiu flavour styles.
MeSH term(s)	Alcoholic Beverages/analysis ; Food Analysis/methods ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Odorants/analysis ; Olfactometry ; Taste ; Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
Chemical Substances	Volatile Organic Compounds
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129363
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Article ; Online: Modified Jian-pi-yang-zheng decoction inhibits gastric cancer progression via the macrophage immune checkpoint PI3Kγ.

Yuan, Mengyun / Zou, Xi / Liu, Shenlin / Xu, Xintian / Wang, Hongxing / Zhu, Min / Xie, Xiaodong / Wang, Haidan / Wu, Jian / Sun, Qingmin

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

2020 Volume 129, Page(s) 110440

Abstract: Jian-pi-yang-zheng Decoction (JPYZ) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used ...

Abstract	Jian-pi-yang-zheng Decoction (JPYZ) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, and it shows good efficacy in patients. A previous study indicated that JPYZ inhibited the progression of gastric cancer via the regulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but the underlying molecular target of JPYZ regulation of TAMs has not been determined. The present study used modified-JPYZ (mJPYZ) to extend our investigation of gastric cancer. Our results showed that mJPYZ inhibited gastric cancer progression in vivo and in vitro. We found that mJPYZ decreased the activity of PI3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) in TAMs, reduced the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, which ultimately promoted the conversion of TAMs from M2 to M1. Our findings also indicated that mJPYZ inhibited the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer by alleviating the unfavorable differentiation of TAMs via the PI3Kγ signaling cascades. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that mJPYZ inhibited gastric cancer cell EMT via PI3Kγ-dependent TAM reprogramming, which eventually suppressed gastric cancer growth and metastasis. Our study provides an underlying mechanism of a Chinese medicine in the treatment of gastric cancer via PI3Kγ in macrophages.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Disease Progression ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Phenotype ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Stomach Neoplasms/enzymology ; Stomach Neoplasms/immunology ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; THP-1 Cells ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Tumor-Associated Macrophages/drug effects ; Tumor-Associated Macrophages/enzymology ; Tumor-Associated Macrophages/immunology ; Tumor-Associated Macrophages/pathology
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Cytokines ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Inflammation Mediators ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (EC 2.7.1.137) ; PIK3CG protein, human (EC 2.7.1.137)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-29
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392415-4
ISSN	1950-6007 ; 0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
ISSN (online)	1950-6007
ISSN	0753-3322 ; 0300-0893
DOI	10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110440
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Article: Mechanisms of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin in the treatment of simple obesity revealed by network pharmacology.

Tian, Minghui / Gao, Hua / Jiao, Hongfei / Tian, Hongbin / Han, Lulu / Lin, Xiaowan / Cheng, Gong / Sun, Fenglei / Feng, Bo

Annals of translational medicine

2022 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 335

Abstract: Background: This study sought to examine the mechanism of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin ... of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin were identified using the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology ... Results: The GO analysis identified 244 target genes of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin, 1,378 targets ...

Abstract	Background: This study sought to examine the mechanism of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin in the treatment of obesity by network pharmacology. Methods: The active components and corresponding targets of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin were identified using the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform, and the obesity-related targets were acquired from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. The drug and disease targets were also identified. Cytoscape software was used to construct the "active component target" network diagram. The protein-protein interaction network was drawn using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins platform, and the Cytoscape MCODE plugin was used to find clusters for the protein cluster analysis. The gene annotation and analysis were performed with the Metascape database via functional databases, such as the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Autodock and PyMOL were used for the molecular docking. Results: The GO analysis identified 244 target genes of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin, 1,378 targets of obesity, and 123 targets of drug and disease. Additionally, 208 biological process items, 38 molecular function items, and 33 cell component items were also identified. The KEGG pathway analysis identified the hypoxia-inducible factor, forkhead box O, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathways. The results of the molecular docking showed that the main active components of the Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin in the treatment of obesity were quercetin, kaempferol, stigmasterol, luteolin, isorhamnetin, β-sitosterol, sapogenin, tanshinone, and formononetin, all of which have been proven to bind to core obesity-related proteins, such as AKT1, interleukin-6 ( Conclusions: The Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin can be used as a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel treatment for obesity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-06
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2893931-1
ISSN	2305-5847 ; 2305-5839
ISSN (online)	2305-5847
ISSN	2305-5839
DOI	10.21037/atm-22-553
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Article ; Online: Dynamic Variation of Amino Acid Contents and Identification of Sterols in Xinyang Mao Jian Green Tea.

Sun, Meng / Yang, Fangfang / Hou, Wanying / Jiang, Shuangfeng / Yang, Runqi / Zhang, Wei / Chen, Mingjie / Yan, Yuhang / Tian, Yuxin / Yuan, Hongyu

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 27, Issue 11

Abstract: As important biomolecules ... ...

Abstract	As important biomolecules in
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acids/metabolism ; Camellia sinensis/chemistry ; Phytosterols/analysis ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Sterols/analysis ; Tea/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Amino Acids ; Phytosterols ; Sterols ; Tea
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules27113562
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Article: Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin alleviates obesity phenotypes through mTORC1/SREBP1 signaling

Song, Xiaoming / Han, Lulu / Lin, Xiaowan / Tian, Minghui / Sun, Fenglei / Feng, Bo

Annals of translational medicine

2022 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 291

Abstract: ... such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension cardiovascular diseases. Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin (JPTGY), a Chinese ...

Abstract	Background: Obesity has been considered as a leading cause of multiple metabolic syndromes, such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension cardiovascular diseases. Jian Pi Tiao Gan Yin (JPTGY), a Chinese herb preparation, is used to treat obesity of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency. The mechanism of action of JPTGY in obesity remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of JPTGY on obesity. Methods: The mechanism of action of JPTGY on obesity was investigated in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and palmitic acid-treated 3T3-L1 cells. Lipid droplet accumulation was detected using oil red O staining. Factors associated with lipid accumulation were detected by western blotting. Results: Treatment with JPTGY reduced HFD-induced adiposity and body weight gain. JPTGY increased the levels of brown adipose tissue biomarkers in obese mice and palmitic acid-treated 3T3-L1 cells, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1). Meanwhile, the protein expression of white adipose tissue biomarkers, such as AGT, primary subtalar arthrodesis (PSTA), and endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA), was decreased in obese mice and palmitic acid-treated 3T3-L1 cells. JPTGY affects browning of 3T3-L1 cells through mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. JPTGY decreased the expression levels of key adipogenic-specific proteins and lipogenic enzymes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), and FAS. Treatment with the mTOR activator MHY reversed JPTGY-mediated protein expression. Conclusions: We concluded that JPTGY relieved obesity phenotypes through mTORC1/SREBP1 signaling
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2893931-1
ISSN	2305-5847 ; 2305-5839
ISSN (online)	2305-5847
ISSN	2305-5839
DOI	10.21037/atm-22-685
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Article: Mechanical Study of Jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi Decoction on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Integrated Network Pharmacology and Untargeted Metabolomics.

Cao, Yong-Jun / Li, Han-Zhou / Zhao, Jie / Sun, Yu-Meng / Jin, Xiao-Wen / Lv, Shu-Quan / Luo, Jun-Yu / Fang, Xi-Xing / Wen, Wei-Bo / Liao, Jia-Bao

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 2264394

Abstract: Jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi decoction (JGXZ) has demonstrated beneﬁcial eﬀects on nonalcoholic fatty liver ...

Abstract	Jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi decoction (JGXZ) has demonstrated beneﬁcial eﬀects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanisms by which JGXZ improve NAFLD are still unclear.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2022/2264394
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