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  1. Article ; Online: Accuracy of self-diagnosis in conditions commonly managed in primary care: diagnostic accuracy systematic review and meta-analysis.

    McLellan, Julie / Heneghan, Carl / Roberts, Nia / Pluddemann, Annette

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) e065748

    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Primary Health Care ; HIV Infections/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065748
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Natriuretic peptide guided therapy for management of patients with heart failure does not show improvement compared with usual medical therapy alone.

    McLellan, Julie / Bankhead, Clare

    BMJ evidence-based medicine

    2018  Volume 23, Issue 2, Page(s) 74–75

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2515-4478
    ISSN (online) 2515-4478
    DOI 10.1136/bmjebm-2017-110880
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Comparison of the TONOVET Plus®, TonoVet®, and Tono-Pen Vet™ tonometers in normal cats and cats with glaucoma.

    Kiland, Julie A / Terhaar, Hannah M / Walleck, Hannah E / Chen, Nickolas / McDaniel, Kyle / McLellan, Gillian J

    Veterinary ophthalmology

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 5, Page(s) 414–421

    Abstract: Objectives: To determine the accuracy, precision, and clinical applicability of the ICare® TONOVET Plus (TVP) in cats.: Animals and procedures: IOP readings obtained with the TVP were compared to values obtained concurrently with the original TONOVET ...

    Abstract Objectives: To determine the accuracy, precision, and clinical applicability of the ICare® TONOVET Plus (TVP) in cats.
    Animals and procedures: IOP readings obtained with the TVP were compared to values obtained concurrently with the original TONOVET (TV01) and Tono-Pen Vet™ (TP) in 12 normal cats (24 eyes) and 8 glaucomatous LTBP2-mutant cats (13 eyes) in vivo. Reproducibility of TVP readings was also assessed for three observers in the above cats. The anterior chambers of five different normal cat eyes were cannulated ex vivo. IOP was measured with the TVP, TV01, and TP at manometric IOPs ranging from 5 to 70 mmHg. Data were analyzed by linear regression, ANOVA and Bland-Altman plots. ANOVA was used to assess reproducibility of TVP readings obtained by different observers and an ANCOVA model controlled for variation of individual cats. p < .05 was considered significant.
    Results: TVP values strongly correlated with TV01 values (y = 1.045x + 1.443, R
    Conclusions: IOP readings obtained with the TVP and TV01 are broadly interchangeable between models and between observers, but subtle differences may be important in a research context. TP readings vastly underestimate high IOP in feline glaucoma.
    MeSH term(s) Cats ; Animals ; Intraocular Pressure ; Tonometry, Ocular/veterinary ; Reproducibility of Results ; Glaucoma/diagnosis ; Glaucoma/veterinary ; Anterior Chamber ; Cat Diseases/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011043-1
    ISSN 1463-5224 ; 1463-5216
    ISSN (online) 1463-5224
    ISSN 1463-5216
    DOI 10.1111/vop.13123
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Aqueous Humor TGF-β2 and Its Association With Intraocular Pressure in a Naturally Occurring Large Animal Model of Glaucoma.

    Oikawa, Kazuya / Torne, Odalys / Sun, David / Moon, Alaina K B / Kiland, Julie A / Trane, Ralph Møller / McLellan, Gillian J

    Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

    2023  Volume 64, Issue 10, Page(s) 18

    Abstract: Purpose: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 has been widely implicated in human glaucoma pathology. The purpose of this study was to determine the source of TGF-β2 in aqueous humor (AH) and its relationship with intraocular pressure (IOP) in an ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 has been widely implicated in human glaucoma pathology. The purpose of this study was to determine the source of TGF-β2 in aqueous humor (AH) and its relationship with intraocular pressure (IOP) in an inherited large animal model of glaucoma.
    Methods: Sixty-six glaucomatous cats homozygous for LTBP2 mutation, and 42 normal cats were studied. IOP was measured weekly by rebound tonometry. AH was collected by anterior chamber paracentesis from each eye under general anesthesia, and serum samples collected from venous blood concurrently. Concentrations of total, active and latent TGF-β2 in AH and serum samples were measured by quantitative sandwich immunoassay. For comparisons between groups, unpaired t-test or Mann Whitney test were used, with P < 0.05 considered significant. The relationships between TGF-β2 concentrations and IOP values were examined by Pearson's correlation coefficient and generalized estimating equation.
    Results: IOP and AH TGF-β2 concentrations were significantly higher in glaucomatous than in normal cats. AH TGF-β2 showed a significant, robust positive correlation with IOP in glaucomatous cats (r = 0.83, R2 = 0.70, P < 0.0001). Serum TGF-β2 did not correlate with AH TGF-β2 and was not significantly different between groups. TGF-β2 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in local ocular tissues in glaucomatous cats.
    Conclusions: Enhanced, local ocular production of TGF-β2 with a robust positive association with IOP was identified in this spontaneous feline glaucoma model, providing a foundation for preclinical testing of novel therapeutics to limit disease-associated AH TGF-β2 elevation and signaling in glaucoma.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cats ; Humans ; Aqueous Humor/metabolism ; Glaucoma/metabolism ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/metabolism ; Intraocular Pressure ; Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Models, Animal ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 391794-0
    ISSN 1552-5783 ; 0146-0404
    ISSN (online) 1552-5783
    ISSN 0146-0404
    DOI 10.1167/iovs.64.10.18
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Mise au point de l’utilisation de l’intelligence artificielle dans la prise en charge des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin.

    Augustin, Jérémy / McLellan, Paul Thomas / Calderaro, Julien

    Annales de pathologie

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 213–221

    Abstract: Complexity of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) lies on their management and their biology. Clinics, blood and fecal samples tests, endoscopy and histology are the main tools guiding IBD treatment, but they generate a large amount of data, difficult to ... ...

    Title translation Development of the use of artificial intelligence in the management of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
    Abstract Complexity of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) lies on their management and their biology. Clinics, blood and fecal samples tests, endoscopy and histology are the main tools guiding IBD treatment, but they generate a large amount of data, difficult to analyze by clinicians. Because of its capacity to analyze large number of data, artificial intelligence is currently generating enthusiasm in medicine, and this technology could be used to improve IBD management. In this review, after a short summary on IBD management and artificial intelligence, we will report pragmatic examples of artificial intelligence utilisation in IBD. Lastly, we will discuss the limitations of this technology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/pathology ; Intestines/pathology ; Feces ; Histological Techniques
    Language French
    Publishing date 2023-03-28
    Publishing country France
    Document type Review ; English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 225720-8
    ISSN 0242-6498
    ISSN 0242-6498
    DOI 10.1016/j.annpat.2023.02.009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Validation of the Icare

    Gloe, Shawna / Rothering, Abby / Kiland, Julie A / McLellan, Gillian J

    Experimental eye research

    2019  Volume 185, Page(s) 107698

    Abstract: To determine the accuracy and precision of the ... ...

    Abstract To determine the accuracy and precision of the Icare
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Anterior Chamber/physiology ; Catheterization ; Female ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Linear Models ; Rabbits ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tonometry, Ocular/instrumentation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
    ZDB-ID 80122-7
    ISSN 1096-0007 ; 0014-4835
    ISSN (online) 1096-0007
    ISSN 0014-4835
    DOI 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107698
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Comparison of the TONOVET Plus®, TonoVet®, and Tono‐Pen Vet™ tonometers in normal cats and cats with glaucoma

    Kiland, Julie A. / Terhaar, Hannah M. / Walleck, Hannah E. / Chen, Nickolas / McDaniel, Kyle / McLellan, Gillian J.

    Veterinary Ophthalmology. 2023 Sept., v. 26, no. 5 p.414-421

    2023  

    Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the accuracy, precision, and clinical applicability of the ICare® TONOVET Plus (TVP) in cats. ANIMALS AND PROCEDURES: IOP readings obtained with the TVP were compared to values obtained concurrently with the original TONOVET ( ... ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVES: To determine the accuracy, precision, and clinical applicability of the ICare® TONOVET Plus (TVP) in cats. ANIMALS AND PROCEDURES: IOP readings obtained with the TVP were compared to values obtained concurrently with the original TONOVET (TV01) and Tono‐Pen Vet™ (TP) in 12 normal cats (24 eyes) and 8 glaucomatous LTBP2‐mutant cats (13 eyes) in vivo. Reproducibility of TVP readings was also assessed for three observers in the above cats. The anterior chambers of five different normal cat eyes were cannulated ex vivo. IOP was measured with the TVP, TV01, and TP at manometric IOPs ranging from 5 to 70 mmHg. Data were analyzed by linear regression, ANOVA and Bland–Altman plots. ANOVA was used to assess reproducibility of TVP readings obtained by different observers and an ANCOVA model controlled for variation of individual cats. p < .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: TVP values strongly correlated with TV01 values (y = 1.045x + 1.443, R² = .9667). The TP significantly underestimated IOP relative to the TVP and TV01, particularly at high IOP. IOP values obtained by 1 observer were significantly higher (~1 mmHg average) compared to the other 2 observers via ANCOVA analysis (p = .0006479 and p = .0203). Relative to manometry, the TVP and TV01 were significantly more accurate (p < .0001) and precise (p < .0070) than the TP in ex vivo eyes. CONCLUSIONS: IOP readings obtained with the TVP and TV01 are broadly interchangeable between models and between observers, but subtle differences may be important in a research context. TP readings vastly underestimate high IOP in feline glaucoma.
    Keywords analysis of covariance ; cannulas ; cats ; glaucoma ; models ; ophthalmology ; regression analysis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Size p. 414-421.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2011043-1
    ISSN 1463-5224 ; 1463-5216
    ISSN (online) 1463-5224
    ISSN 1463-5216
    DOI 10.1111/vop.13123
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: The Brief Evaluation of Adolescents and Children Online (BEACON): Psychometric development of a mental health screening measure for school students.

    Rapee, Ronald M / Kuhnert, Rebecca / Spence, Susan H / Bowsher, Ian / Burns, John / Coen, Jennifer / Dixon, Julie / Kotselas, Pauline / Lourey, Catherine / McLellan, Lauren F / Mihalopoulos, Cathrine / Peters, Lorna / Prendergast, Traci / Roos, Tiffany / Thomas, Danielle / Wuthrich, Viviana

    Journal of clinical psychology

    2024  Volume 80, Issue 6, Page(s) 1420–1447

    Abstract: This paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of a brief self-report measure (BEACON) to inform universal mental health screening in schools. Items assess symptoms and impairment associated with anxiety and attention/hyperactivity ... ...

    Abstract This paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of a brief self-report measure (BEACON) to inform universal mental health screening in schools. Items assess symptoms and impairment associated with anxiety and attention/hyperactivity problems (grades 4-11) as well as depression and eating difficulties (grades 6-11), with optional items for suicidality and self-harm (grades 7-11). Initial item examination based on Item Response Theory (IRT) and classical test theory involved 3844 students in grades 4 through 11 (Study 1) and identified 18 items for grades 4-5 and 31 items for grades 6-11 that fulfilled pre-set criteria. Study 2 extended testing with 10,479 students in grades 4-11 and added an additional four items assessing impairment associated with eating difficulties for older students (grades 6-11) creating a total of 35 items for grades 6-11. All items, for both grade-level versions, met the pre-set criteria for IRT and classical test theory analysis supporting their strength in the measurement of the dimensions of concern. The measure showed good reliability (subscale alphas .87 to .95). Validity was also demonstrated against standard symptom measures, school grades, school absenteeism, and help-seeking. The BEACON appears to be a psychometrically sound measure to use in the first stage of school-based screening for mental health problems.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Psychometrics/instrumentation ; Psychometrics/standards ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Child ; Students/psychology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis ; Mass Screening/methods ; Mass Screening/standards ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Schools ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 219160-x
    ISSN 1097-4679 ; 0021-9762
    ISSN (online) 1097-4679
    ISSN 0021-9762
    DOI 10.1002/jclp.23673
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Measured weight loss as a precursor to cancer diagnosis: retrospective cohort analysis of 43 302 primary care patients.

    Nicholson, Brian David / Thompson, Matthew James / Hobbs, Frederick David Richard / Nguyen, Matthew / McLellan, Julie / Green, Beverly / Chubak, Jessica / Oke, Jason Lee

    Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 2492–2503

    Abstract: Background: Unexpected weight loss is a presenting feature of cancer in primary care. Data from primary care are lacking to quantify how much weight loss over what period should trigger further investigation for cancer. This research aimed to quantify ... ...

    Abstract Background: Unexpected weight loss is a presenting feature of cancer in primary care. Data from primary care are lacking to quantify how much weight loss over what period should trigger further investigation for cancer. This research aimed to quantify cancer diagnosis rates associated with measured weight change in people attending primary care.
    Methods: Retrospective cohort study of primary care electronic health records data linked to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry (Integrated healthcare delivery system in Washington State, United States). Multivariable Cox regression incorporating time varying covariates using splines to model non-linear associations (age, percentage weight change, and weight change interval). Fifty thousand randomly selected patients aged 40 years and over followed for up to 9 years (1 January 2006 to 31 December 2014). Outcome measures are hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) to quantify the association between percentage weight change and cancer diagnosis for all cancers combined, individual cancer sites and stages; percentage risk of cancer diagnosis within 6 months of the end of each weight change episode; and the positive predictive value for cancer diagnosis.
    Results: There were 43 302 included in the analysis after exclusions. Over 287 858 patient-years of follow-up, including 24 272 (56.1%) females, 23 980 (55.4%) aged 40 to 59 years, 15 113 (34.9%) 60 to 79 years, and 4209 (9.7%) aged 80 years and over. Adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for cancer diagnosis in a 60 years old ranged from 1.04 (1.02 to 1.05, P < 0.001) for 1% weight loss to 1.44 (1.23 to 1.68, P < 0.001) for 10%. An independent linear association was observed between percentage weight loss and increasing cancer risk. The absolute risk of cancer diagnosis increased with increasing age (up to 85 years) and as the weight change measurement interval decreased (<1 year). The positive predictive value for a cancer diagnosis within 1 year of ≥5% measured weight loss in a 60 to 69 years old was 3.41% (1.57% to 6.37%) in men and 3.47% (1.68% to 6.29%) in women. The risk of cancer diagnosis was significantly increased for pancreatic, myeloma, gastro-oesophageal, colorectal, breast, stage II and IV cancers.
    Conclusions: Weight loss is a sign of undiagnosed cancer regardless of the interval over which it occurs. Guidelines should resist giving an arbitrary cut-off for the interval of weight loss and focus on the percentage of weight loss and the patient's age. Future studies should focus on the association between diagnostic evaluation of weight change and risk of cancer mortality.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Primary Health Care ; Retrospective Studies ; United States ; Weight Loss
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-28
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2586864-0
    ISSN 2190-6009 ; 2190-5991
    ISSN (online) 2190-6009
    ISSN 2190-5991
    DOI 10.1002/jcsm.13051
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Immunogenicity and seroefficacy of 10-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of individual participant data.

    Feng, Shuo / McLellan, Julie / Pidduck, Nicola / Roberts, Nia / Higgins, Julian P T / Choi, Yoon / Izu, Alane / Jit, Mark / Madhi, Shabir A / Mulholland, Kim / Pollard, Andrew J / Temple, Beth / Voysey, Merryn

    EClinicalMedicine

    2023  Volume 61, Page(s) 102073

    Abstract: Background: Vaccination of infants with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) is recommended by the World Health Organization. Evidence is mixed regarding the differences in immunogenicity and efficacy of the different pneumococcal vaccines.: Methods!# ...

    Abstract Background: Vaccination of infants with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) is recommended by the World Health Organization. Evidence is mixed regarding the differences in immunogenicity and efficacy of the different pneumococcal vaccines.
    Methods: In this systematic-review and network meta-analysis, we searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, Global Health, Medline, clinicaltrials.gov and trialsearch.who.int up to February 17, 2023 with no language restrictions. Studies were eligible if they presented data comparing the immunogenicity of either PCV7, PCV10 or PCV13 in head-to-head randomised trials of young children under 2 years of age, and provided immunogenicity data for at least one time point after the primary vaccination series or the booster dose. Publication bias was assessed via Cochrane's Risk Of Bias due to Missing Evidence tool and comparison-adjusted funnel plots with Egger's test. Individual participant level data were requested from publication authors and/or relevant vaccine manufacturers. Outcomes included the geometric mean ratio (GMR) of serotype-specific IgG and the relative risk (RR) of seroinfection. Seroinfection was defined for each individual as a rise in antibody between the post-primary vaccination series time point and the booster dose, evidence of presumed subclinical infection. Seroefficacy was defined as the RR of seroinfection. We also estimated the relationship between the GMR of IgG one month after priming and the RR of seroinfection by the time of the booster dose. The protocol is registered with PROSPERO, ID CRD42019124580.
    Findings: 47 studies were eligible from 38 countries across six continents. 28 and 12 studies with data available were included in immunogenicity and seroefficacy analyses, respectively. GMRs comparing PCV13 vs PCV10 favoured PCV13 for serotypes 4, 9V, and 23F at 1 month after primary vaccination series, with 1.14- to 1.54- fold significantly higher IgG responses with PCV13. Risk of seroinfection prior to the time of booster dose was lower for PCV13 for serotype 4, 6B, 9V, 18C and 23F than for PCV10. Significant heterogeneity and inconsistency were present for most serotypes and for both outcomes. Two-fold higher antibody after primary vaccination was associated with a 54% decrease in risk of seroinfection (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23-0.96).
    Interpretation: Serotype-specific differences were found in immunogenicity and seroefficacy between PCV13 and PCV10. Higher antibody response after vaccination was associated with a lower risk of subsequent infection. These findings could be used to compare PCVs and optimise vaccination strategies.
    Funding: The NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-5370
    ISSN (online) 2589-5370
    DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102073
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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