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  1. Article ; Online: Using Chest X-Ray to Predict Tube Thoracostomy in Traumatic Pneumothorax: A Single-Institution Retrospective Review.

    Srinivas, Shruthi / Henderson, Katelyn / Bergus, Katherine C / Jacobs, Ayanna / Baselice, Holly / Donnelly, Edwin / Valdez, Carrie / Tracy, Brett M / Coleman, Julia R

    The journal of trauma and acute care surgery

    2024  

    Abstract: Introduction: Traumatic pneumothorax (PTX) is a common occurrence in thoracic trauma patients, with a majority requiring tube thoracostomy (TT) for management. Recently, the "35-mm" rule has advocated for observation of patients with PTX less than 35 mm ...

    Abstract Introduction: Traumatic pneumothorax (PTX) is a common occurrence in thoracic trauma patients, with a majority requiring tube thoracostomy (TT) for management. Recently, the "35-mm" rule has advocated for observation of patients with PTX less than 35 mm on chest computed tomography (CT) scan. This rule has not been examined in chest x-ray (CXR). We hypothesize that a similar size cutoff can be determined in CXR predictive of need for tube thoracostomy.
    Methods: We performed a single-institution retrospective review of patients with traumatic PTX from 2018 - 2022, excluding those who underwent TT prior to CXR. Primary outcomes were size of pneumothorax on CXR and need for TT; secondary outcome was failed observation, defined as TT more than four hours after presentation. To determine the size cutoff on CXR to predict TT need, area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) analyses were performed and Youden's index calculated (significance at p < 0.05). Predictors of failure were calculated using logistic regression.
    Results: There were 359 pneumothoraces in 322 patients (94.4% blunt trauma, median injury severity score 14). Of these, 82 (22.8%) had a TT placed within the first four hours. Fifty-five of observed patients (21.2%) failed, and these patients had a larger PTX on CXR (8.6 mm [5.0 - 18.0 mm] versus 0.0 mm [0.0 - 2.3 mm] (p < 0.001)). CXR PTX size correlated moderately with CT size (r = 0.31, p < 0.001) and was highly predictive of need for TT insertion (AUC 0.75, p < 0.0001), with an optimal size cutoff predicting TT need of 38 mm.
    Conclusion: CXR imaging size was predictive of need for TT, with an optimal size cutoff on CXR of 38 mm, approaching the "35-mm rule." In addition to size, failed observation was predicted by presenting lactic acidosis and need for supplemental oxygen. This demonstrates this cutoff should be considered for prospective study in CXR.Level of Evidence: III; Therapeutic/Care Management.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2651070-4
    ISSN 2163-0763 ; 2163-0755
    ISSN (online) 2163-0763
    ISSN 2163-0755
    DOI 10.1097/TA.0000000000004314
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online: Brief communication

    Proulx, Holly / Jacobs, Jennifer M. / Burakowski, Elizabeth A. / Cho, Eunsang / Hunsaker, Adam G. / Sullivan, Franklin B. / Palace, Michael / Wagner, Cameron

    eISSN: 1994-0424

    Comparison of in-situ ephemeral snow depth measurements over a mixed-use temperate forest landscape

    2023  

    Abstract: The accuracy and precision of snow depth measurements depend on the measuring device and the conditions of the site and snowpack in which it is being used. This study compares collocated snow depth measurements from a magnaprobe snow depth probe and a ... ...

    Abstract The accuracy and precision of snow depth measurements depend on the measuring device and the conditions of the site and snowpack in which it is being used. This study compares collocated snow depth measurements from a magnaprobe snow depth probe and a Federal snow tube in an ephemeral snow environment. We conducted three snow depth sampling campaigns from December 2020 to February 2021 that included 39 open field, coniferous, mixed, and deciduous forest sampling sites in Durham, New Hampshire, United States. For all sampling campaigns and land cover types with a total of 936 paired observations, the magnaprobe snow depth measurements were consistently deeper than the snow tube. There was a 12 % average difference between the magnaprobe (14.9 cm) and snow tube (13.2 cm) average snow depths with a greater difference in the forest (1.9 cm) than the field (1.3 cm). This study suggests that snow depth measurements using a Federal snow tube can avoid overprobing with an ephemeral snowpack in forested environment.
    Subject code 551 ; 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-14
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Engineered gamma radiation phytosensors for environmental monitoring.

    Sears, Robert G / Rigoulot, Stephen B / Occhialini, Alessandro / Morgan, Britany / Kakeshpour, Tayebeh / Brabazon, Holly / Barnes, Caitlin N / Seaberry, Erin M / Jacobs, Brianna / Brown, Chandler / Yang, Yongil / Schimel, Tayler M / Lenaghan, Scott C / Neal Stewart, C

    Plant biotechnology journal

    2023  Volume 21, Issue 9, Page(s) 1745–1756

    Abstract: ... signal that was detectable at >3 m. Further, a pressure test of the top radiation phytosensor ...

    Abstract Nuclear energy, already a practical solution for supplying energy on a scale similar to fossil fuels, will likely increase its footprint over the next several decades to meet current climate goals. Gamma radiation is produced during fission in existing nuclear reactors and thus the need to detect leakage from nuclear plants, and effects of such leakage on ecosystems will likely also increase. At present, gamma radiation is detected using mechanical sensors that have several drawbacks, including: (i) limited availability; (ii) reliance on power supply; and (iii) requirement of human presence in dangerous areas. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a plant biosensor (phytosensor) to detect low-dose ionizing radiation. The system utilizes synthetic biology to engineer a dosimetric switch into potato utilizing the plant's native DNA damage response (DDR) machinery to produce a fluorescent output. In this work, the radiation phytosensor was shown to respond to a wide range of gamma radiation exposure (10-80 Grey) producing a reporter signal that was detectable at >3 m. Further, a pressure test of the top radiation phytosensor in a complex mesocosm demonstrated full function of the system in a 'real world' scenario.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gamma Rays ; Ecosystem ; Plants/genetics ; Environmental Monitoring
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2136367-5
    ISSN 1467-7652 ; 1467-7652
    ISSN (online) 1467-7652
    ISSN 1467-7652
    DOI 10.1111/pbi.14072
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Hopkins-Oxford Psychedelics Ethics (HOPE) Working Group Consensus Statement.

    Jacobs, Edward / Earp, Brian D / Appelbaum, Paul S / Bruce, Lori / Cassidy, Ksenia / Celidwen, Yuria / Cheung, Katherine / Clancy, Sean K / Devenot, Neşe / Evans, Jules / Lynch, Holly Fernandez / Friesen, Phoebe / Romeu, Albert Garcia / Gehani, Neil / Maloof, Molly / Marcus, Olivia / Martin Moen, Ole / Mertens, Mayli / Nayak, Sandeep M /
    Noorani, Tehseen / Patch, Kyle / Porsdam-Mann, Sebastian / Raj, Gokul / Rajwani, Khaleel / Ray, Keisha / Smith, William / Villiger, Daniel / Levy, Neil / Crisp, Roger / Savulescu, Julian / Singh, Ilina / Yaden, David B

    The American journal of bioethics : AJOB

    2024  , Page(s) 1–7

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2060433-6
    ISSN 1536-0075 ; 1526-5161
    ISSN (online) 1536-0075
    ISSN 1526-5161
    DOI 10.1080/15265161.2024.2342764
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The Sia System and c-di-GMP Play a Crucial Role in Controlling Cell-Association of Psl in Planktonic P. aeruginosa.

    Dreifus, Julia E / O'Neal, Lindsey / Jacobs, Holly M / Subramanian, Adithya S / Howell, P Lynne / Wozniak, Daniel J / Parsek, Matthew R

    Journal of bacteriology

    2022  Volume 204, Issue 12, Page(s) e0033522

    Abstract: Many bacterial species use the secondary messenger, c-di-GMP, to promote the production of biofilm matrix components. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, c-di-GMP production is stimulated upon initial surface contact and generally remains high throughout biofilm ... ...

    Abstract Many bacterial species use the secondary messenger, c-di-GMP, to promote the production of biofilm matrix components. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, c-di-GMP production is stimulated upon initial surface contact and generally remains high throughout biofilm growth. Transcription of several gene clusters, including the Sia signal transduction system, are induced in response to high cellular levels of c-di-GMP. The output of this system is SiaD, a diguanylate cyclase whose activity is induced in the presence of the detergent SDS. Previous studies demonstrated that Sia-mediated cellular aggregation is a key feature of P. aeruginosa growth in the presence of SDS. Here, we show that the Sia system is important for producing low levels of c-di-GMP when P. aeruginosa is growing planktonically. In addition, we show that Sia activity is important for maintaining cell-associated Psl in planktonic populations. We also demonstrate that Sia mutant strains have reduced cell-associated Psl and a surface attachment-deficient phenotype. The Sia system also appears to posttranslationally impact cell-associated Psl levels. Collectively, our findings suggest a novel role for the Sia system and c-di-GMP in planktonic populations by regulating levels of cell-associated Psl.
    MeSH term(s) Pseudomonas aeruginosa/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Cyclic GMP ; Biofilms ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid (61093-23-0) ; Cyclic GMP (H2D2X058MU) ; Bacterial Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2968-3
    ISSN 1098-5530 ; 0021-9193
    ISSN (online) 1098-5530
    ISSN 0021-9193
    DOI 10.1128/jb.00335-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa Can Produce Calcium-Gelled Biofilms Independent of the Matrix Components Psl and CdrA.

    Jacobs, Holly M / O'Neal, Lindsey / Lopatto, Edward / Wozniak, Daniel J / Bjarnsholt, Thomas / Parsek, Matthew R

    Journal of bacteriology

    2022  Volume 204, Issue 5, Page(s) e0056821

    Abstract: Biofilms are aggregates of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular matrix comprised largely of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), nucleic acids, and proteins. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that is also a model organism for ... ...

    Abstract Biofilms are aggregates of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular matrix comprised largely of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), nucleic acids, and proteins. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that is also a model organism for studying biofilms in the laboratory. Here, we define a novel program of biofilm development used by mucoid (alginate-overproducing) P. aeruginosa in the presence of elevated calcium. Calcium cations cross-link negatively charged alginate polymers, resulting in individual cells being suspended in an alginate gel. The formation of this type of structurally distinct biofilm is not reliant on the canonical biofilm EPS components Psl and Pel or the matrix protein CdrA. We also observed that mucoid P. aeruginosa biofilm cells do not have the typical elevated levels of the secondary messenger cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), as expected of biofilm cells, nor does the overproduction of alginate rely on high c-di-GMP. This contrasts with nonmucoid biofilms in which the production of the matrix components Psl, Pel, and CdrA is positively regulated by elevated c-di-GMP. We further demonstrate that calcium-gelled alginate biofilms impede the penetration of the antibiotic tobramycin, thus protecting the biofilm community from antibiotic-mediated killing. Finally, we show that bacterial aggregates with a dispersed cell arrangement like laboratory-grown calcium-alginate biofilm structures are present in explanted cystic fibrosis (CF) lung samples. Our findings illustrate the diverse nature of biofilm formation and structure in P. aeruginosa.
    MeSH term(s) Alginates/metabolism ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Biofilms ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cystic Fibrosis ; Humans ; Nucleic Acids/metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/metabolism ; Tobramycin/metabolism ; Tobramycin/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Alginates ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Nucleic Acids ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Tobramycin (VZ8RRZ51VK)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2968-3
    ISSN 1098-5530 ; 0021-9193
    ISSN (online) 1098-5530
    ISSN 0021-9193
    DOI 10.1128/jb.00568-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The Versatile Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Matrix Protein CdrA Promotes Aggregation through Different Extracellular Exopolysaccharide Interactions.

    Reichhardt, Courtney / Jacobs, Holly M / Matwichuk, Michael / Wong, Cynthis / Wozniak, Daniel J / Parsek, Matthew R

    Journal of bacteriology

    2020  Volume 202, Issue 19

    Abstract: Pseudomonas ... ...

    Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    MeSH term(s) Adhesins, Bacterial/genetics ; Adhesins, Bacterial/metabolism ; Alginates/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Mutation ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/genetics ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genetics ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Adhesins, Bacterial ; Alginates ; Bacterial Proteins ; CdrA protein, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2968-3
    ISSN 1098-5530 ; 0021-9193
    ISSN (online) 1098-5530
    ISSN 0021-9193
    DOI 10.1128/JB.00216-20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant and nonpregnant women following infection.

    Jacobs, Marni B / Valentine, Holly D / Adkins, Sierra / Magallanes, Celestine / Morgan, Sydney C / Pereira, Lissa M / Tekkatte, Chandana / Hakim, Abbas / De Hoff, Peter / Laurent, Louise C / Pantham, Priyadarshini

    AJOG global reports

    2023  Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) 100192

    Abstract: ... immunoglobulin M levels were measured. Trends in the log antibody levels over time and mean antibody levels were ... the groups. No differences in immunoglobulin G or immunoglobulin M levels over time or mean antibody levels ...

    Abstract Background: Immune changes that occur during pregnancy may place pregnant women at an increased risk for severe disease following viral infections like SARS-CoV-2. Whether these immunologic changes modify the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is not well understood.
    Objective: This study aimed to compare the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant and nonpregnant women. The immune response following vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 was also explored.
    Study design: In this cohort study, 24 serum samples from 20 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy were matched by number of days after a positive test with 46 samples from 40 nonpregnant women of reproductive age. Samples from 9 patients who were vaccinated during pregnancy were also examined. Immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M levels were measured. Trends in the log antibody levels over time and mean antibody levels were assessed using generalized estimating equations.
    Results: The median number of days from first positive test to sampling was 6.5 in the pregnant group (range, 3-97) and 6.0 among nonpregnant participants (range, 2-97). No significant differences in demographic or sampling characteristics were noted between the groups. No differences in immunoglobulin G or immunoglobulin M levels over time or mean antibody levels were noted among pregnant and nonpregnant participants following SARS-CoV-2 infection for any of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen targets examined (spike, spike receptor-binding domain, spike N-terminal domain, and nucleocapsid). Participants who were vaccinated during pregnancy had higher immunoglobulin G levels than pregnant patients who tested positive for all SARS-CoV-2 targets except nucleocapsid antibodies (all
    Conclusion: This study suggests that the humoral response following SARS-CoV-2 infection does not seem to differ between pregnant women and their nonpregnant counterparts. These findings should reassure patients and healthcare providers that pregnant patients seem to mount a nondifferential immune response to SARS-CoV-2.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-5778
    ISSN (online) 2666-5778
    DOI 10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100192
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Engineered gamma radiation phytosensors for environmental monitoring

    Sears, Robert G. / Rigoulot, Stephen B. / Occhialini, Alessandro / Morgan, Britany / Kakeshpour, Tayebeh / Brabazon, Holly / Barnes, Caitlin N. / Seaberry, Erin M. / Jacobs, Brianna / Brown, Chandler / Yang, Yongil / Schimel, Tayler M. / Lenaghan, Scott C. / Neal Stewart, C., Jr

    Plant Biotechnology Journal. 2023 Sept., v. 21, no. 9 p.1745-1756

    2023  

    Abstract: ... signal that was detectable at >3 m. Further, a pressure test of the top radiation phytosensor ...

    Abstract Nuclear energy, already a practical solution for supplying energy on a scale similar to fossil fuels, will likely increase its footprint over the next several decades to meet current climate goals. Gamma radiation is produced during fission in existing nuclear reactors and thus the need to detect leakage from nuclear plants, and effects of such leakage on ecosystems will likely also increase. At present, gamma radiation is detected using mechanical sensors that have several drawbacks, including: (i) limited availability; (ii) reliance on power supply; and (iii) requirement of human presence in dangerous areas. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a plant biosensor (phytosensor) to detect low‐dose ionizing radiation. The system utilizes synthetic biology to engineer a dosimetric switch into potato utilizing the plant's native DNA damage response (DDR) machinery to produce a fluorescent output. In this work, the radiation phytosensor was shown to respond to a wide range of gamma radiation exposure (10–80 Grey) producing a reporter signal that was detectable at >3 m. Further, a pressure test of the top radiation phytosensor in a complex mesocosm demonstrated full function of the system in a ‘real world’ scenario.
    Keywords DNA damage ; biosensors ; biotechnology ; climate ; energy ; fluorescence ; gamma radiation ; humans ; nuclear power ; potatoes ; synthetic biology
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Size p. 1745-1756.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2136367-5
    ISSN 1467-7652 ; 1467-7644
    ISSN (online) 1467-7652
    ISSN 1467-7644
    DOI 10.1111/pbi.14072
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: The Pseudomonas aeruginosa homeostasis enzyme AlgL clears the periplasmic space of accumulated alginate during polymer biosynthesis.

    Gheorghita, Andreea A / Wolfram, Francis / Whitfield, Gregory B / Jacobs, Holly M / Pfoh, Roland / Wong, Steven S Y / Guitor, Allison K / Goodyear, Mara C / Berezuk, Alison M / Khursigara, Cezar M / Parsek, Matthew R / Howell, P Lynne

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2022  Volume 298, Issue 2, Page(s) 101560

    Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen and a leading cause of chronic infection in the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis. After colonization, P. aeruginosa often undergoes a phenotypic conversion to mucoidy, characterized by ... ...

    Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen and a leading cause of chronic infection in the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis. After colonization, P. aeruginosa often undergoes a phenotypic conversion to mucoidy, characterized by overproduction of the alginate exopolysaccharide. This conversion is correlated with poorer patient prognoses. The majority of genes required for alginate synthesis, including the alginate lyase, algL, are located in a single operon. Previous investigations of AlgL have resulted in several divergent hypotheses regarding the protein's role in alginate production. To address these discrepancies, we determined the structure of AlgL and, using multiple sequence alignments, identified key active site residues involved in alginate binding and catalysis. In vitro enzymatic analysis of active site mutants highlights R249 and Y256 as key residues required for alginate lyase activity. In a genetically engineered P. aeruginosa strain where alginate biosynthesis is under arabinose control, we found that AlgL is required for cell viability and maintaining membrane integrity during alginate production. We demonstrate that AlgL functions as a homeostasis enzyme to clear the periplasmic space of accumulated polymer. Constitutive expression of the AlgU/T sigma factor mitigates the effects of an algL deletion during alginate production, suggesting that an AlgU/T-regulated protein or proteins can compensate for an algL deletion. Together, our study demonstrates the role of AlgL in alginate biosynthesis, explains the discrepancies observed previously across other P. aeruginosa ΔalgL genetic backgrounds, and clarifies the existing divergent data regarding the function of AlgL as an alginate degrading enzyme.
    MeSH term(s) Alginates/chemistry ; Alginates/metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Glucuronic Acid/chemistry ; Glucuronic Acid/genetics ; Hexuronic Acids/chemistry ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Periplasm/enzymology ; Periplasm/metabolism ; Polymers/metabolism ; Polysaccharide-Lyases/metabolism ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzymology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Alginates ; Bacterial Proteins ; Hexuronic Acids ; Polymers ; Glucuronic Acid (8A5D83Q4RW) ; Polysaccharide-Lyases (EC 4.2.2.-) ; poly(beta-D-mannuronate) lyase (EC 4.2.2.3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101560
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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