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Article ; Online: The complexity of cortical folding is reduced in chronic cocaine users.

Trevisan, Nicolò / Di Camillo, Fabio / Ghiotto, Niccolò / Cattarinussi, Giulia / Sala, Maddalena / Sambataro, Fabio

2023 Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) e13268

Abstract: Cocaine use is a worldwide health problem with psychiatric, somatic and socioeconomic complications, being the second most widely used illicit drug in the world. Despite several structural neuroimaging studies, the alterations in cortical morphology ... ...

Abstract	Cocaine use is a worldwide health problem with psychiatric, somatic and socioeconomic complications, being the second most widely used illicit drug in the world. Despite several structural neuroimaging studies, the alterations in cortical morphology associated with cocaine use and addiction are still poorly understood. In this study, we compared the complexity of cortical folding (CCF), a measure that aims to summarize the convoluted structure of the cortex between patients with cocaine addiction (n = 52) and controls (n = 36), and correlated it with characteristics of addiction and impulsivity. We found that patients with cocaine addiction had greater impulsivity and showed reduced CCF in a cluster that encompassed the left insula and the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and in one in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex. Finally, the CCF in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex was correlated with the age of onset of cocaine addiction and with attentional impulsivity. Overall, our findings suggest that chronic cocaine use is associated with changes in the cortical surface in the fronto-parieto-limbic regions that underlie emotional regulation and these changes are associated with earlier cocaine use. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to unravel the association of these changes with the diathesis for the disorder and with the chronic use of this substance.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/psychology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Frontal Lobe ; Impulsive Behavior ; Cocaine
Chemical Substances	Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1324314-7
ISSN	1369-1600 ; 1355-6215
ISSN (online)	1369-1600
ISSN	1355-6215
DOI	10.1111/adb.13268
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Zs.A 4586: Show issues

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Article: Unexpected CD5

Mazzarello, Andrea Nicola / Koroveshi, Brisejda / Guardo, Daniela / Lanza, Lorella / Ghiotto, Fabio / Bruno, Silvia / Cappelli, Enrico

Journal of clinical medicine

2023 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: Recently, cases of fortuitous discovery of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) during hospitalization for Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been reported. These patients did not show a monoclonal B cell expansion before COVID-19 but were diagnosed with ... ...

Abstract	Recently, cases of fortuitous discovery of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) during hospitalization for Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been reported. These patients did not show a monoclonal B cell expansion before COVID-19 but were diagnosed with CLL upon a sudden lymphocytosis that occurred during hospitalization. The (hyper)lymphocytosis during COVID-19 was also described in patients with overt CLL disease. Contextually, lymphocytosis is an unexpected phenomenon since it is an uncommon feature in the COVID-19 patient population, who rather tend to experience lymphopenia. Thus, lymphocytosis that arises during COVID-19 infection is a thought-provoking behavior, strikingly in contrast with that observed in non-CLL individuals. Herein, we speculate about the possible mechanisms involved with the observed phenomenon. Many of the plausible explanations might have an adverse impact on these CLL patients and further clinical and laboratory investigations might be desirable.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12030998
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Article ; Online: Brain gyrification in bipolar disorder: a systematic review of neuroimaging studies.

Miola, Alessandro / Cattarinussi, Giulia / Loré, Maria Lavinia / Ghiotto, Niccolò / Collantoni, Enrico / Sambataro, Fabio

Brain imaging and behavior

2022 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 2768–2784

Abstract: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness with a strong genetic component. Genetic variations have been involved in the risk of this disorder, including those mediating brain function and neurodevelopment. Early neurodevelopment and ... ...

Abstract	Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness with a strong genetic component. Genetic variations have been involved in the risk of this disorder, including those mediating brain function and neurodevelopment. Early neurodevelopment and neuroprogression processes could be reflected in brain gyrification patterns and help optimize the prediction and diagnosis of such disorders that is often delayed. Previous neuroimaging studies using this measure in patients with bipolar disorder revealed controversial results. This systematic review aimed to summarize available neuroimaging investigations on gyrification in BD compared to healthy controls (HC) and/or other psychiatric groups. Fourteen studies including 733 patients with BD, 585 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), 90 with schizoaffective disorder (SZA), and 1380 healthy subjects were identified. Overall, a heterogeneous pattern of gyrification emerged between patients with BD and HC. Interestingly, increased gyrification or no differences were also observed in patients with BD compared to those with the schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Furthermore, relatives of patients with BD showed lower or no differences in gyrification compared to healthy subjects without a family history of affective illness. Differences in the design and in methodological approaches could have contributed to the heterogeneity of the findings. The current review supports an altered brain gyrification pattern that underlies the pathophysiology of BD spanning large anatomical and functional neural networks, associated with altered cognitive functioning, difficulties in processing and affective regulation, and clinical symptoms. Longitudinal studies are needed to test different bipolar phenotypes and pharmacological effects on gyrification.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Bipolar Disorder ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Schizophrenia ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Neuroimaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2377165-3
ISSN	1931-7565 ; 1931-7557
ISSN (online)	1931-7565
ISSN	1931-7557
DOI	10.1007/s11682-022-00713-x
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Article ; Online: Unexpected CD5 + B Cell Lymphocytosis during SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Andrea Nicola Mazzarello / Brisejda Koroveshi / Daniela Guardo / Lorella Lanza / Fabio Ghiotto / Silvia Bruno / Enrico Cappelli

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 998, p

Relevance for the Pathophysiology of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

2023 Volume 998

Abstract	Recently, cases of fortuitous discovery of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) during hospitalization for Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been reported. These patients did not show a monoclonal B cell expansion before COVID-19 but were diagnosed with CLL upon a sudden lymphocytosis that occurred during hospitalization. The (hyper)lymphocytosis during COVID-19 was also described in patients with overt CLL disease. Contextually, lymphocytosis is an unexpected phenomenon since it is an uncommon feature in the COVID-19 patient population, who rather tend to experience lymphopenia. Thus, lymphocytosis that arises during COVID-19 infection is a thought-provoking behavior, strikingly in contrast with that observed in non-CLL individuals. Herein, we speculate about the possible mechanisms involved with the observed phenomenon. Many of the plausible explanations might have an adverse impact on these CLL patients and further clinical and laboratory investigations might be desirable.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; lymphocytosis ; CLL ; BCR ; TLR ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Unexpected chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cell activation by bisphosphonates.

Mazzarello, Andrea N / Gugiatti, Elena / Cossu, Vanessa / Bertola, Nadia / Bagnara, Davide / Carta, Sonia / Ravera, Silvia / Salvetti, Chiara / Ibatici, Adalberto / Ghiotto, Fabio / Colombo, Monica / Cutrona, Giovanna / Marini, Cecilia / Sambuceti, Gianmario / Fais, Franco / Bruno, Silvia

Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII

2024 Volume 73, Issue 2, Page(s) 27

Abstract: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease of the elderly, often presenting comorbidities like osteoporosis and requiring, in a relevant proportion of cases, treatment with bisphosphonates (BPs). This class of drugs was shown in preclinical ... ...

Abstract	Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease of the elderly, often presenting comorbidities like osteoporosis and requiring, in a relevant proportion of cases, treatment with bisphosphonates (BPs). This class of drugs was shown in preclinical investigations to also possess anticancer properties. We started an in vitro study of the effects of BPs on CLL B cells activated by microenvironment-mimicking stimuli and observed that, depending on drug concentration, hormetic effects were induced on the leukemic cells. Higher doses induced cytotoxicity whereas at lower concentrations, more likely occurring in vivo, the drugs generated a protective effect from spontaneous and chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, and augmented CLL B cell activation/proliferation. This CLL-activation effect promoted by the BPs was associated with markers of poor CLL prognosis and required the presence of bystander stromal cells. Functional experiments suggested that this phenomenon involves the release of soluble factors and is increased by cellular contact between stroma and CLL B cells. Since CLL patients often present comorbidities such as osteoporosis and considering the diverse outcomes in both CLL disease progression and CLL response to treatment among patients, illustrating this phenomenon holds potential significance in driving additional investigations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy ; Diphosphonates/pharmacology ; Diphosphonates/therapeutic use ; B-Lymphocytes ; Apoptosis ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Tumor Microenvironment
Chemical Substances	Diphosphonates
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-27
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	195342-4
ISSN	1432-0851 ; 0340-7004
ISSN (online)	1432-0851
ISSN	0340-7004
DOI	10.1007/s00262-023-03588-z
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Zs.A 1237: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review.

Toffanin, Tommaso / Cattarinussi, Giulia / Ghiotto, Niccolò / Lussignoli, Marialaura / Pavan, Chiara / Pieri, Luca / Schiff, Sami / Finatti, Francesco / Romagnolo, Francesca / Folesani, Federica / Nanni, Maria Giulia / Caruso, Rosangela / Zerbinati, Luigi / Belvederi Murri, Martino / Ferrara, Maria / Pigato, Giorgio / Grassi, Luigi / Sambataro, Fabio

Acta neuropsychiatrica

2024 , Page(s) 1–15

Abstract: Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most studied and validated available treatments for severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying ECT. This systematic review aims to ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most studied and validated available treatments for severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying ECT. This systematic review aims to critically review all structural magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating longitudinal cortical thickness (CT) changes after ECT in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression. Methods: We performed a search on PubMed, Medline, and Embase to identify all available studies published before April 20, 2023. A total of 10 studies were included. Results: The investigations showed widespread increases in CT after ECT in depressed patients, involving mainly the temporal, insular, and frontal regions. In five studies, CT increases in a non-overlapping set of brain areas correlated with the clinical efficacy of ECT. The small sample size, heterogeneity in terms of populations, comorbidities, and ECT protocols, and the lack of a control group in some investigations limit the generalisability of the results. Conclusions: Our findings support the idea that ECT can increase CT in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. It remains unclear whether these changes are related to the clinical response. Future larger studies with longer follow-up are warranted to thoroughly address the potential role of CT as a biomarker of clinical response after ECT.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1154361-9
ISSN	1601-5215 ; 0924-2708
ISSN (online)	1601-5215
ISSN	0924-2708
DOI	10.1017/neu.2024.6
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Zs.A 3708: Show issues

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ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Old and New Facts and Speculations on the Role of the B Cell Receptor in the Origin of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Bagnara, Davide / Mazzarello, Andrea Nicola / Ghiotto, Fabio / Colombo, Monica / Cutrona, Giovanna / Fais, Franco / Ferrarini, Manlio

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 22

Abstract: The engagement of the B cell receptor (BcR) on the surface of leukemic cells represents a key event in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) since it can lead to the maintenance and expansion of the neoplastic clone. This notion was initially suggested by ... ...

Abstract	The engagement of the B cell receptor (BcR) on the surface of leukemic cells represents a key event in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) since it can lead to the maintenance and expansion of the neoplastic clone. This notion was initially suggested by observations of the CLL BcR repertoire and of correlations existing between certain BcR features and the clinical outcomes of single patients. Based on these observations, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which block BcR signaling, have been introduced in therapy with the aim of inhibiting CLL cell clonal expansion and of controlling the disease. Indeed, the impressive results obtained with these compounds provided further proof of the role of BcR in CLL. In this article, the key steps that led to the determination of the role of BcR are reviewed, including the features of the CLL cell repertoire and the fine mechanisms causing BcR engagement and cell signaling. Furthermore, we discuss the biological effects of the engagement, which can lead to cell survival/proliferation or apoptosis depending on certain intrinsic cell characteristics and on signals that the micro-environment can deliver to the leukemic cells. In addition, consideration is given to alternative mechanisms promoting cell proliferation in the absence of BcR signaling, which can explain in part the incomplete effectiveness of TKI therapies. The role of the BcR in determining clonal evolution and disease progression is also described. Finally, we discuss possible models to explain the selection of a special BcR set during leukemogenesis. The BcR may deliver activation signals to the cells, which lead to their uncontrolled growth, with the possible collaboration of other still-undefined events which are capable of deregulating the normal physiological response of B cells to BcR-delivered stimuli.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell ; B-Lymphocytes ; Leukemia ; Clonal Evolution ; Tumor Microenvironment
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms232214249
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Article: Characterizing Features of Human Circulating B Cells Carrying CLL-Like Stereotyped Immunoglobulin Rearrangements.

Bagnara, Davide / Colombo, Monica / Reverberi, Daniele / Matis, Serena / Massara, Rosanna / Cardente, Niccolò / Ubezio, Gianluca / Agostini, Vanessa / Agnelli, Luca / Neri, Antonino / Cardillo, Martina / Vergani, Stefano / Ghiotto, Fabio / Mazzarello, Andrea Nicola / Morabito, Fortunato / Cutrona, Giovanna / Ferrarini, Manlio / Fais, Franco

Frontiers in oncology

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 894419

Abstract: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal ... ...

Abstract	Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal CD5
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2022.894419
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Article: Recent advances in migraine therapy.

Antonaci, Fabio / Ghiotto, Natascia / Wu, Shizheng / Pucci, Ennio / Costa, Alfredo

SpringerPlus

2016 Volume 5, Page(s) 637

Abstract: Migraine is a common and highly disabling neurological disorder associated with a high socioeconomic burden. Effective migraine management depends on adequate patient education: to avoid unrealistic expectations, the condition must be carefully explained ...

Abstract	Migraine is a common and highly disabling neurological disorder associated with a high socioeconomic burden. Effective migraine management depends on adequate patient education: to avoid unrealistic expectations, the condition must be carefully explained to the patient soon as it is diagnosed. The range of available acute treatments has increased over time. At present, abortive migraine therapy can be classed as specific (ergot derivatives and triptans) or non-specific (analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Even though acute symptomatic therapy can be optimised, migraine continues to be a chronic and potentially progressive condition. In addition to the drugs officially approved for migraine prevention by international governmental regulatory agencies, numerous different agents are commonly used for this indication, showing various levels of evidence of efficacy and tolerability. Guidelines published in recent years, based on evidence-based medicine data on migraine prophylaxis, are a useful source of guidance, especially for primary care physicians and neurologists without specific expertise in headache medicine. Although the field of pharmacological migraine prevention has seen few advances in recent years, potential novel approaches are now being developed. This review looks at emerging pharmacological strategies for acute and preventive migraine treatment that are nearing or have already entered the clinical trial phase. Specifically, it discusses preclinical and clinical data on compounds acting on calcitonin gene-related peptide or its receptor, the serotonin 5-HT1F receptor, nitric oxide synthase, and acid-sensing ion channel blockers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2661116-8
ISSN	2193-1801
ISSN	2193-1801
DOI	10.1186/s40064-016-2211-8
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Article ; Online: SH3BGRL3 binds to myosin 1c in a calcium dependent manner and modulates migration in the MDA-MB-231 cell line.

Di Pisa, Filippo / Pesenti, Elisa / Bono, Maria / Mazzarello, Andrea N / Bernardi, Cinzia / Lisanti, Michael P / Renzone, Giovanni / Scaloni, Andrea / Ciccone, Ermanno / Fais, Franco / Bruno, Silvia / Scartezzini, Paolo / Ghiotto, Fabio

BMC molecular and cell biology

2021 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 41

Abstract: Background: The human SH3 domain Binding Glutamic acid Rich Like 3 (SH3BGRL3) gene is highly conserved in phylogeny and widely expressed in human tissues. However, its function is largely undetermined. The protein was found to be overexpressed in ... ...

Abstract	Background: The human SH3 domain Binding Glutamic acid Rich Like 3 (SH3BGRL3) gene is highly conserved in phylogeny and widely expressed in human tissues. However, its function is largely undetermined. The protein was found to be overexpressed in several tumors, and recent work suggested a possible relationship with EGFR family members. We aimed at further highlighting on these issues and investigated SH3BGRL3 molecular interactions and its role in cellular migration ability. Results: We first engineered the ErbB2-overexpressing SKBR3 cells to express exogenous SH3BGRL3, as well as wild type Myo1c or different deletion mutants. Confocal microscopy analysis indicated that SH3BGRL3 co-localized with Myo1c and ErbB2 at plasma membranes. However, co-immunoprecipitation assays and mass spectrometry demonstrated that SH3BGRL3 did not directly bind ErbB2, but specifically recognized Myo1c, on its IQ-bearing neck region. Importantly, the interaction with Myo1c was Ca Conclusion: The results of this study provide insights for the formulation of novel hypotheses on the putative role of SH3BGRL3 protein in the regulation of myosin-cytoskeleton dialog and in cell migration. It could be envisaged the SH3BGRL3-Myo1c interaction as a regulation mechanism for cytoskeleton dynamics. It is well known that, at low Ca
MeSH term(s)	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calmodulin/genetics ; Calmodulin/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Myosin Type I/genetics ; Myosin Type I/metabolism ; Protein Binding/genetics
Chemical Substances	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Calmodulin ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; SH3BGRL3 protein, human ; Myosin Type I (EC 3.6.1.-) ; MYO1C protein, human (EC 3.6.1.3) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2661-8850
ISSN (online)	2661-8850
DOI	10.1186/s12860-021-00379-1
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