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Article: Inversion of soil water and salt information based on UAV hyperspectral remote sensing and machine lear-ning.

Wang, Yi-Jing / Ding, Qi-Dong / Zhang, Jun-Hua / Chen, Ruihua / Jia, Keli / Li, Xiao-Lin

Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology

2023 Volume 34, Issue 11, Page(s) 3045–3052

Abstract: Accurate diagnosis of water and salt information in saline agricultural lands is crucial for long-term soil quality improvement and arable land conservation. In this study, we extracted field-scale vegetation canopy spectral information by UAV ... ...

Title translation	基于无人机高光谱遥感和机器学习的土壤水盐信息反演.
Abstract	Accurate diagnosis of water and salt information in saline agricultural lands is crucial for long-term soil quality improvement and arable land conservation. In this study, we extracted field-scale vegetation canopy spectral information by UAV hyperspectral information, transforming the reflectance (R) to standard normal variate transformation (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), first derivative of reflectance (FDR) and second derivative of reflectance (SDR). We determined the optimal spectral transformation forms of soil water content (SWC), soil pH, and soil salt content (SSC) by the maximum absolute correlation coefficient (MACC), and extracted the feature bands by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS). We constructed an inversion model of soil water and salt information by partial least squares regression (PLSR), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). The results showed that R, FDR and MSC were the best spectral transformation types for soil water content, soil pH, and soil salt content, and the corresponding MACC were 0.730, 0.472 and 0.654, respectively. The CARS algorithm effectively eliminated the irrelevant variables, optimally selecting 16-17 feature bands from 150 spectral bands. Both soil water content and soil pH performed best with XGBoost model, achieving determination coefficient of validation (
MeSH term(s)	Soil/chemistry ; Hyperspectral Imaging ; Water ; Sodium Chloride ; Remote Sensing Technology
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Sodium Chloride (451W47IQ8X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-21
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2881809-X
ISSN	1001-9332
ISSN	1001-9332
DOI	10.13287/j.1001-9332.202311.012
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Efficacy and Safety of Re Du Ning Injection for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Shu, Bofei / Li, Hong / Zhou, Xu / Ding, Zhaohui / Wan, Liling

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 7479639

Abstract: Background: Re Du Ning, a traditional Chinese medicine injection, has been widely used ... This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Re Du Ning in the treatment of acute ... to November 1, 2021, to identify randomized controlled trials of Re Du Ning for AECOPD. Two researchers ...

Abstract	Background: Re Du Ning, a traditional Chinese medicine injection, has been widely used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, although without established systematic review evidence. This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Re Du Ning in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods: We searched seven databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang, and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry) up to November 1, 2021, to identify randomized controlled trials of Re Du Ning for AECOPD. Two researchers independently carried out literature screening and data extraction. Effects were measured by risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis was completed by RevMan 5.4 software. Results: Twenty-six studies met the eligibility criteria, with a total of 2284 patients. The findings of the meta-analysis indicated that the response rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group: RR = 1.14% and 95% CI: (1.09, 1.19). Significantly greater improvements in pulmonary function: FEV1: MD = 0.28 L, 95% CI: (0.20, 0.36); FEV1/FVC: MD = 8.63%, 95% CI: (4.68, 12.59); T-lymphocyte counts: CD4: MD = 6%, 95% CI: (2.44, 9.56); CD3: MD = 10.42%, 95% CI: (8.6, 12.24); CD4/CD8: MD = 0.38%, 95% CI: (0.32, 0.43); acid/base imbalance: PH: MD = 0.05, 95% CI: (0.01, 0.10); PaO2: MD = 9.02 mmHg, 95% CI: (11.11, 0.10), Conclusion: Re Du Ning injection, as a complementary therapy to routine treatment, has better efficacy than Western medicine alone in relieving clinical symptoms, delaying pulmonary function decline, and improving inflammation indicators for AECOPD, with good safety. The evidence was limited by a lack of high-quality RCTs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2022/7479639
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Article: "Jing-Ning Granules" Can Alleviate Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Rats by Modulating Dopaminergic D2/D1-Like Receptor-Mediated Signaling Pathways.

Ding, Jie / Ding, Yiyun / Wu, Jingjing / Deng, Jialin / Yu, Qingyang / Wang, Junhong

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 9139841

Abstract: ... characterized by attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Jing-Ning Granules (JNG) is ...

Abstract	Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Jing-Ning Granules (JNG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that can alleviate ADHD. Although JNG is commonly used for the effective treatment of ADHD and has obtained the national invention patent, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. Objective: In this study, we examined the effect and mechanism of JNG in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). We hypothesized that JNG affects dopaminergic D2/D1-like receptors and related pathways. Materials and methods: Six rat groups were used in the experiment: Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, control group) and five SHR groups, including a model group; atomoxetine (ATX, positive control) group; and low, medium, and high-dose JNG groups. The corresponding treatments were daily administered to each group for 6 weeks. A behavioral test, including a step-down test and open field test (OFT), was carried out at the end of treatment. After the behavioral test, all animals were sacrificed, and the brain tissue was collected and analyzed ex vivo; histopathological analysis was performed to assess the pathological changes of the hippocampus; expression of D1-like and D2-like receptors, sensor protein calmodulin (CaM), protein kinase A (PKA), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CaMKII) in the striatum and hippocampus was measured by western blot and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR); cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in the striatum were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the level of Ca Results: Our results showed that ATX or JNG could ameliorate the hyperactive/impulsive behavior and cognitive function of ADHD by promoting neuroprotection. Mechanistically, ATX or JNG could prompt the expressions of Dl-like and D2-like receptors and improve the mRNA and protein levels of cAMP/PKA and Ca Conclusion: These results indicate that JNG can produce therapeutic effects by regulating the balance of D2/D1-like receptor-mediated cAMP/PKA and Ca
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2022/9139841
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Article: Xin Su Ning-A Review of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology Integrated With Traditional Chinese Medicine Antiarrhythmic Theory.

Wang, Xuan / Wang, Taiyi / Ding, Shuwen / Ma, Yu-Ling

Frontiers in pharmacology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 657484

Abstract: Xin Su Ning (XSN) is a patented multicomponent medicine, which was certified in 2005 by the China ... capsule was developed from an effective formula composed by Prof. Shuwen Ding of Shandong University ... of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Through more than 30 years of clinical observation, Prof. Ding concluded that XSN has ...

Abstract	Xin Su Ning (XSN) is a patented multicomponent medicine, which was certified in 2005 by the China State Food and Drug Administration to be produced pharmaceutically and to be used clinically. The XSN capsule was developed from an effective formula composed by Prof. Shuwen Ding of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Through more than 30 years of clinical observation, Prof. Ding concluded that XSN has a significant effect on arrhythmia with phlegm-heat heart-disturbed syndrome according to the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis. XSN, derived from a classical TCM formula Huanglian Wen Dan Decoction, is formulated with 11 Chinese herbal medicines to treat cardiac ventricular arrhythmia. Clinical evidence suggests that it is particularly efficacious for the arrhythmias induced by cardiac ischemia and viral myocarditis without obvious adverse reactions being reported. Cellular electrophysiological studies in ventricular myocytes revealed that XSN prolongs the duration and suppresses the amplitude of the action potential (AP), which is supported by the blockage of sodium and potassium channels indicating the characteristics of class I and III antiarrhythmic drugs. A recently reported double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial of XSN enrolled 861 patients (ChiCTR-TRC-14004180) and showed that XSN significantly inhibited premature ventricular contraction (PVC). The cellular electrophysiological discoveries provided the mechanistic evidence for the clinical efficacy on inhibition of PVC by XSN as demonstrated in the clinical trial. These studies, for the first time, provided exclusive evidence that multicomponent TCM antiarrhythmic medicine can be evaluated using conventional research methods that have been used for antiarrhythmic drug discoveries for decades. We aimed to give a comprehensive review on XSN including its origin with the support of TCM theory, its pre-licensing clinical use and development, and its pharmacological and clinical study discoveries. The review will be summarized with the discoveries reported in a novel network pharmacological study that introduced a weight coefficient, which made it possible to evaluate the pharmacological properties of the TCM formula with regard to its formation based on TCM theory. Limitations regarding XSN's basic and clinical research and possible future studies are listed. We hope that the advances in how XSN was studied may offer useful guidance on how other TCM could be studied with respect to the integrity of the TCM formulas.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2021.657484
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Efficacy and Safety of Re Du Ning Injection for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Bofei Shu / Hong Li / Xu Zhou / Zhaohui Ding / Liling Wan

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2022 Volume 2022

Abstract: Background. Re Du Ning, a traditional Chinese medicine injection, has been widely used ... This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Re Du Ning in the treatment of acute ... to November 1, 2021, to identify randomized controlled trials of Re Du Ning for AECOPD. Two researchers ...

Abstract	Background. Re Du Ning, a traditional Chinese medicine injection, has been widely used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, although without established systematic review evidence. This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Re Du Ning in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods. We searched seven databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI, WanFang, and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry) up to November 1, 2021, to identify randomized controlled trials of Re Du Ning for AECOPD. Two researchers independently carried out literature screening and data extraction. Effects were measured by risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis was completed by RevMan 5.4 software. Results. Twenty-six studies met the eligibility criteria, with a total of 2284 patients. The findings of the meta-analysis indicated that the response rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group: RR = 1.14% and 95% CI: (1.09, 1.19). Significantly greater improvements in pulmonary function: FEV1: MD = 0.28 L, 95% CI: (0.20, 0.36); FEV1/FVC: MD = 8.63%, 95% CI: (4.68, 12.59); T-lymphocyte counts: CD4: MD = 6%, 95% CI: (2.44, 9.56); CD3: MD = 10.42%, 95% CI: (8.6, 12.24); CD4/CD8: MD = 0.38%, 95% CI: (0.32, 0.43); acid/base imbalance: PH: MD = 0.05, 95% CI: (0.01, 0.10); PaO2: MD = 9.02 mmHg, 95% CI: (11.11, 0.10), p=0.005; C-reactive protein: MD = −6.65 mg/L, 95% CI: (−10.97, −2.34); and PCT: MD = −0.28 μg/L, 95% (CI: −0.41, −0.15) were observed in patients receiving Re Du Ning compared with those receiving the control treatment. Re Du Ning did not significantly change the carbon dioxide partial pressure. All reported adverse reactions were mild. Conclusion. Re Du Ning injection, as a complementary therapy to routine treatment, has better efficacy than Western medicine alone in relieving clinical symptoms, delaying pulmonary function decline, and improving inflammation indicators for AECOPD, with good safety. The evidence was limited by a lack of high-quality RCTs.
Keywords	Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Origin and evolution of emerging Liao ning Virus (genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae).

Zhang, Jun / Liu, Hong / Wang, Jiahui / Wang, Jiheng / Zhang, Jianming / Wang, Jiayue / Zhang, Xin / Ji, Hongfang / Ding, Zhongfeng / Xia, Han / Zhang, Chunyang / Zhao, Qian / Liang, Guodong

Virology journal

2020 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 105

Abstract: Background: Liao ning virus (LNV) is a member of the genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae and ...

Abstract	Background: Liao ning virus (LNV) is a member of the genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae and has been isolated from kinds of vectors in Asia and Australia. However, there are no systematic studies describe the molecular genetic evolution and migration of LNVs. With the development of bioinformatics, viral genetic data combining the information of virus isolation time and locations could be integrated to infer the virus evolution and spread in nature. Methods: Here, a phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations was conducted on the LNVs isolated from a variety of vectors during 1990-2014 to identify the evolution and migration patterns of LNVs. Results: The results demonstrated that the LNV could be divided into 3 genotypes, of which genotype 1 mainly composed of LNVs isolated from Australia during 1990 to 2014 and the original LNV strain (LNV-NE97-31) isolated from Liaoning province in northern China in 1997, genotype 2 comprised of the isolates all from Xinjiang province in western China and genotype 3 consisted the isolates from Qinghai and Shanxi province of central China. LNVs emerged about 272 years ago and gradually evolved into three lineages in the order genotype 1, genotype 2 and genotype 3. Following phylogeographic analysis, it shows genotype 1 LNVs transmitted from Australia (113°E-153°E,10°S-42°S) to Liaoning province (118°E-125°E,38°N-43°N) in Northeast Asian continent then further spread across the central part of China to western China (75°E-95°E,35°N-50°N). Conclusion: LNVs were initially isolated from Liaoning province of China in the Northeast Asia, however, the present study revealed that LNVs were first appeared in Australia in the South Pacific region and transmitted to mainland China then rapidly spread across China and evolved three different genotypes. The above results suggested that LNV had the characteristics of long-distance transmission and there were great genetic diversity existed in the LNV population. Notably, current information of 80 strains of LNVs are limited. It is of great importance to strengthen the surveillance of LNVs to explore its real origin in nature and monitoring of the LNVs' population variation and maintain vigilance to avoid LNV breaking through the species barrier and further clarify its relationship to human and animal infection.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Australia ; Bayes Theorem ; China ; Culicidae/classification ; Culicidae/virology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genotype ; Phylogeny ; Phylogeography ; Reoviridae/classification ; Reoviridae/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1743-422X
ISSN (online)	1743-422X
DOI	10.1186/s12985-020-01382-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: “Jing-Ning Granules” Can Alleviate Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Rats by Modulating Dopaminergic D2/D1-Like Receptor-Mediated Signaling Pathways

Jie Ding / Yiyun Ding / Jingjing Wu / Jialin Deng / Qingyang Yu / Junhong Wang

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol

2022 Volume 2022

Abstract: ... characterized by attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Jing-Ning Granules (JNG) is ...

Abstract	Background. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Jing-Ning Granules (JNG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that can alleviate ADHD. Although JNG is commonly used for the effective treatment of ADHD and has obtained the national invention patent, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. Objective. In this study, we examined the effect and mechanism of JNG in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). We hypothesized that JNG affects dopaminergic D2/D1-like receptors and related pathways. Materials and Methods. Six rat groups were used in the experiment: Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, control group) and five SHR groups, including a model group; atomoxetine (ATX, positive control) group; and low, medium, and high-dose JNG groups. The corresponding treatments were daily administered to each group for 6 weeks. A behavioral test, including a step-down test and open field test (OFT), was carried out at the end of treatment. After the behavioral test, all animals were sacrificed, and the brain tissue was collected and analyzed ex vivo; histopathological analysis was performed to assess the pathological changes of the hippocampus; expression of D1-like and D2-like receptors, sensor protein calmodulin (CaM), protein kinase A (PKA), and calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (CaMKII) in the striatum and hippocampus was measured by western blot and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR); cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in the striatum were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the level of Ca2+ in the striatum was analyzed by a calcium kit. Results. Our results showed that ATX or JNG could ameliorate the hyperactive/impulsive behavior and cognitive function of ADHD by promoting neuroprotection. Mechanistically, ATX or JNG could prompt the expressions of Dl-like and D2-like receptors and improve the mRNA and protein levels of cAMP/PKA and ...
Keywords	Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Origin and evolution of emerging Liao ning Virus (genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae)

Zhang, Jun / Liu, Hong / Wang, Jiahui / Wang, Jiheng / Zhang, Jianming / Wang, Jiayue / Zhang, Xin / Ji, Hongfang / Ding, Zhongfeng / Xia, Han / Zhang, Chunyang / Zhao, Qian / Liang, Guodong

Virol J

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Liao ning virus (LNV) is a member of the genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae and has ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Liao ning virus (LNV) is a member of the genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae and has been isolated from kinds of vectors in Asia and Australia. However, there are no systematic studies describe the molecular genetic evolution and migration of LNVs. With the development of bioinformatics, viral genetic data combining the information of virus isolation time and locations could be integrated to infer the virus evolution and spread in nature. METHODS: Here, a phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations was conducted on the LNVs isolated from a variety of vectors during 1990-2014 to identify the evolution and migration patterns of LNVs. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that the LNV could be divided into 3 genotypes, of which genotype 1 mainly composed of LNVs isolated from Australia during 1990 to 2014 and the original LNV strain (LNV-NE97-31) isolated from Liaoning province in northern China in 1997, genotype 2 comprised of the isolates all from Xinjiang province in western China and genotype 3 consisted the isolates from Qinghai and Shanxi province of central China. LNVs emerged about 272 years ago and gradually evolved into three lineages in the order genotype 1, genotype 2 and genotype 3. Following phylogeographic analysis, it shows genotype 1 LNVs transmitted from Australia (113°E-153°E,10°S-42°S) to Liaoning province (118°E-125°E,38°N-43°N) in Northeast Asian continent then further spread across the central part of China to western China (75°E-95°E,35°N-50°N). CONCLUSION: LNVs were initially isolated from Liaoning province of China in the Northeast Asia, however, the present study revealed that LNVs were first appeared in Australia in the South Pacific region and transmitted to mainland China then rapidly spread across China and evolved three different genotypes. The above results suggested that LNV had the characteristics of long-distance transmission and there were great genetic diversity existed in the LNV population. Notably, current information of 80 strains of LNVs are limited. It is of great importance to strengthen the surveillance of LNVs to explore its real origin in nature and monitoring of the LNVs' population variation and maintain vigilance to avoid LNV breaking through the species barrier and further clarify its relationship to human and animal infection.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #672015
Database	COVID19

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Article: Origin and evolution of emerging Liao ning Virus (genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae)

Zhang, Jun / Liu, Hong / Wang, Jiahui / Wang, Jiheng / Zhang, Jianming / Wang, Jiayue / Zhang, Xin / Ji, Hongfang / Ding, Zhongfeng / Xia, Han / Zhang, Chunyang / Zhao, Qian / Liang, Guodong

Virology journal. 2020 Dec., v. 17, no. 1

2020

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Liao ning virus (LNV) is a member of the genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae and has ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Liao ning virus (LNV) is a member of the genus Seadornavirus, family Reoviridae and has been isolated from kinds of vectors in Asia and Australia. However, there are no systematic studies describe the molecular genetic evolution and migration of LNVs. With the development of bioinformatics, viral genetic data combining the information of virus isolation time and locations could be integrated to infer the virus evolution and spread in nature. METHODS: Here, a phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations was conducted on the LNVs isolated from a variety of vectors during 1990–2014 to identify the evolution and migration patterns of LNVs. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that the LNV could be divided into 3 genotypes, of which genotype 1 mainly composed of LNVs isolated from Australia during 1990 to 2014 and the original LNV strain (LNV-NE97–31) isolated from Liaoning province in northern China in 1997, genotype 2 comprised of the isolates all from Xinjiang province in western China and genotype 3 consisted the isolates from Qinghai and Shanxi province of central China. LNVs emerged about 272 years ago and gradually evolved into three lineages in the order genotype 1, genotype 2 and genotype 3. Following phylogeographic analysis, it shows genotype 1 LNVs transmitted from Australia (113°E-153°E,10°S-42°S) to Liaoning province (118°E-125°E,38°N-43°N) in Northeast Asian continent then further spread across the central part of China to western China (75°E-95°E,35°N-50°N). CONCLUSION: LNVs were initially isolated from Liaoning province of China in the Northeast Asia, however, the present study revealed that LNVs were first appeared in Australia in the South Pacific region and transmitted to mainland China then rapidly spread across China and evolved three different genotypes. The above results suggested that LNV had the characteristics of long-distance transmission and there were great genetic diversity existed in the LNV population. Notably, current information of 80 strains of LNVs are limited. It is of great importance to strengthen the surveillance of LNVs to explore its real origin in nature and monitoring of the LNVs’ population variation and maintain vigilance to avoid LNV breaking through the species barrier and further clarify its relationship to human and animal infection.
Keywords	Bayesian theory ; Markov chain ; Seadornavirus ; bioinformatics ; genetic variation ; genotype ; humans ; monitoring ; phylogeny ; phylogeography ; virology ; viruses ; Australia ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Size	p. 105.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	1743-422X
DOI	10.1186/s12985-020-01382-2
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Direct inhibition of Re Du Ning Injection and its active compounds on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes by a cocktail method.

Kang, Danyu / Geng, Ting / Lian, Yuanpei / Li, Yanjing / Ding, Gang / Huang, Wenzhe / Ma, Shiping / Wang, Zhenzhong / Ma, Zheng / Xiao, Wei

Biomedical chromatography : BMC

2017 Volume 31, Issue 7

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the direct inhibitory effects of Re Du Ning Injection (RDN ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to investigate the direct inhibitory effects of Re Du Ning Injection (RDN) and its active compounds on the major cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP) isoforms (CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4) of human liver microsomes by 'a cocktail method'. The activity of each CYP isform was represented as the formation rate of the specific metabolite from relevant substrate. Then a sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to simultaneously analyze the seven metabolites. RDN (0.035-2.26 mg/mL) showed a strong inhibitiory effect on CYP2C8, followed by CYP2C9, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. The IC
MeSH term(s)	Chromatography, Liquid ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Microsomes, Liver/drug effects ; Microsomes, Liver/enzymology ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Chemical Substances	Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; re du ning
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Validation Studies
ZDB-ID	632848-9
ISSN	1099-0801 ; 0269-3879
ISSN (online)	1099-0801
ISSN	0269-3879
DOI	10.1002/bmc.3905
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