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  1. Article ; Online: Letter to the Editor:

    Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Viral immunology

    2021  Volume 35, Issue 1, Page(s) 76–77

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; RNA, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 639075-4
    ISSN 1557-8976 ; 0882-8245
    ISSN (online) 1557-8976
    ISSN 0882-8245
    DOI 10.1089/vim.2021.0184
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: An end-point multiplex PCR/reverse transcription-PCR for detection of five agents of bovine neonatal diarrhea.

    Pedroso, Natália Hettwer / Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Becker, Alice Silveira / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Journal of microbiological methods

    2023  Volume 209, Page(s) 106738

    Abstract: Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is frequently associated with single or mixed viral, bacterial and/or protozoal infections. Consequently, laboratory diagnostic of NCD usually requires specific tests for each potential agent; a time-consuming, laborious and ... ...

    Abstract Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is frequently associated with single or mixed viral, bacterial and/or protozoal infections. Consequently, laboratory diagnostic of NCD usually requires specific tests for each potential agent; a time-consuming, laborious and expensive process. Herein, we describe an end-point multiplex PCR/reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) for detection of five major NCD agents: bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCoV), Escherichia coli K99 (E. coli K99), Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) and Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum). Initially, we selected and/or designed high-coverage primers. Subsequently, we optimized multiplex PCR/RT-PCR conditions. Next, we evaluated the analytical sensitivity of the assay and assessed the performance of the reaction by testing 95 samples of diarrheic calf feces. The analytical specificity was evaluated against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) and Eimeria spp. The detection limit of our assay was about 10 infectious units of BRV, 10
    MeSH term(s) Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Escherichia coli ; Cryptosporidiosis/diagnosis ; Reverse Transcription ; Coinfection ; Noncommunicable Diseases ; Cryptosporidium ; Diarrhea/diagnosis ; Diarrhea/veterinary ; Cryptosporidium parvum/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604916-3
    ISSN 1872-8359 ; 0167-7012
    ISSN (online) 1872-8359
    ISSN 0167-7012
    DOI 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106738
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: An appraisal of gene targets for phylogenetic classification of canine distemper virus: Is the hemagglutinin the best candidate?

    Becker, Alice Silveira / Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Virus research

    2023  Volume 325, Page(s) 199043

    Abstract: Sequence analysis of the canine distemper virus (CDV) hemagglutinin (H) gene may provide important insights on virus-host interactions and has also been frequently used for CDV phylogenetic classification. Herein, we performed an in silico analysis of ... ...

    Abstract Sequence analysis of the canine distemper virus (CDV) hemagglutinin (H) gene may provide important insights on virus-host interactions and has also been frequently used for CDV phylogenetic classification. Herein, we performed an in silico analysis of CDV complete genomes (CGs) available in GenBank in order to investigate the suitability of H for CDV classification into lineages/genotypes. In addition, we analyzed the other viral genes for their potential use in CDV classification. Initially, we collected 116 CDV CGs from GenBank and compared their phylogenetic classification with that of their respective H nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) sequences. Subsequently, we calculated the geodesic distance between the CG and H phylogenetic trees. These analyses were later performed with other CDV genes. All CDV CGs were also evaluated for possible recombination events. Nucleotide and aa analyses of H misclassified some Vaccine/America 1/Asia 3 lineage sequences compared to CG analysis, finding supported by both Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (B-MCMC) methods. Moreover, aa-based H analysis showed additional disagreements with the classification obtained by CG. The geodesic distance between the H and CG trees was 0.0680. Strong recombination signals were identified in the H gene, including Vaccine/America 1/Asia 3 lineage sequences. In contrast, C and P were the only genes that fully reproduced the CG classification (by ML and/or B-MCMC) and that did not show strong recombination signals. Furthermore, the P phylogenetic tree showed the lowest geodesic distance from the CG tree (0.0369). These findings suggest C and P as potential targets for CDV phylogenetic classification, especially when full genome sequencing is not possible. Finally, since our results were obtained considering the CDV CGs available to date, future analyses performed as more CDV sequences become available will be useful to assess probable issues of H-based phylogeny and to consolidate the suitability of the C and P genes for CDV classification.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Dogs ; Phylogeny ; Distemper Virus, Canine/genetics ; Hemagglutinins ; Bayes Theorem ; Distemper ; Nucleotides
    Chemical Substances Hemagglutinins ; Nucleotides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605780-9
    ISSN 1872-7492 ; 0168-1702
    ISSN (online) 1872-7492
    ISSN 0168-1702
    DOI 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199043
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Reverse Genetics of Dengue Virus.

    Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / da Silva, Andréa Nazaré Monteiro Rangel / da Silva Santos, Jefferson José / Gil, Laura Helena Vega Gonzales

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2023  Volume 2733, Page(s) 231–248

    Abstract: Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most important and widespread arthropod-borne viruses, causing millions of infections over the years. Considering its epidemiological importance, efforts have been directed towards understanding various aspects of DENV ... ...

    Abstract Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most important and widespread arthropod-borne viruses, causing millions of infections over the years. Considering its epidemiological importance, efforts have been directed towards understanding various aspects of DENV biology, which have been facilitated by the development of different molecular strategies for engineering viral genomes, such as reverse genetics approaches. Reverse genetic systems are a powerful tool for investigating virus-host interaction, for vaccine development, and for high-throughput screening of antiviral compounds. However, stable manipulation of DENV genomes is a major molecular challenge, especially when using conventional cloning systems. To circumvent this issue, we describe a simple and efficient yeast-based reverse genetics system to recover infectious DENV clones.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dengue Virus/genetics ; Reverse Genetics ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Genome, Viral ; Dengue/genetics ; Virus Replication/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-3533-9_14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: An appraisal of gene targets for phylogenetic classification of canine distemper virus: Is the hemagglutinin the best candidate?

    Becker, Alice Silveira / Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Virus Research. 2023 Feb., v. 325 p.199043-

    2023  

    Abstract: Sequence analysis of the canine distemper virus (CDV) hemagglutinin (H) gene may provide important insights on virus-host interactions and has also been frequently used for CDV phylogenetic classification. Herein, we performed an in silico analysis of ... ...

    Abstract Sequence analysis of the canine distemper virus (CDV) hemagglutinin (H) gene may provide important insights on virus-host interactions and has also been frequently used for CDV phylogenetic classification. Herein, we performed an in silico analysis of CDV complete genomes (CGs) available in GenBank in order to investigate the suitability of H for CDV classification into lineages/genotypes. In addition, we analyzed the other viral genes for their potential use in CDV classification. Initially, we collected 116 CDV CGs from GenBank and compared their phylogenetic classification with that of their respective H nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) sequences. Subsequently, we calculated the geodesic distance between the CG and H phylogenetic trees. These analyses were later performed with other CDV genes. All CDV CGs were also evaluated for possible recombination events. Nucleotide and aa analyses of H misclassified some Vaccine/America 1/Asia 3 lineage sequences compared to CG analysis, finding supported by both Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (B-MCMC) methods. Moreover, aa-based H analysis showed additional disagreements with the classification obtained by CG. The geodesic distance between the H and CG trees was 0.0680. Strong recombination signals were identified in the H gene, including Vaccine/America 1/Asia 3 lineage sequences. In contrast, C and P were the only genes that fully reproduced the CG classification (by ML and/or B-MCMC) and that did not show strong recombination signals. Furthermore, the P phylogenetic tree showed the lowest geodesic distance from the CG tree (0.0369). These findings suggest C and P as potential targets for CDV phylogenetic classification, especially when full genome sequencing is not possible. Finally, since our results were obtained considering the CDV CGs available to date, future analyses performed as more CDV sequences become available will be useful to assess probable issues of H-based phylogeny and to consolidate the suitability of the C and P genes for CDV classification.
    Keywords Bayesian theory ; Canine morbillivirus ; Markov chain ; amino acids ; computer simulation ; genes ; hemagglutinins ; phylogeny ; principal geodesic analysis ; research ; sequence analysis ; trees ; vaccines ; viruses ; CDV ; Lineages ; Genotypes ; C gene ; P gene
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-02
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 605780-9
    ISSN 1872-7492 ; 0168-1702
    ISSN (online) 1872-7492
    ISSN 0168-1702
    DOI 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199043
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: A new (old) bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 subtype: BVDV-2e.

    de Oliveira, Pablo Sebastian Britto / Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Archives of virology

    2022  Volume 167, Issue 12, Page(s) 2545–2553

    Abstract: Bovine pestiviruses are members of the species Pestivirus A (bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, BVDV-1), Pestivirus B (BVDV-2) or Pestivirus H (HoBiPeV). To date, BVDV-2 isolates/strains have been classified into three subtypes (a-c) by phylogenetic analysis, ...

    Abstract Bovine pestiviruses are members of the species Pestivirus A (bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, BVDV-1), Pestivirus B (BVDV-2) or Pestivirus H (HoBiPeV). To date, BVDV-2 isolates/strains have been classified into three subtypes (a-c) by phylogenetic analysis, and an additional subtype (d) has been proposed based on 5' untranslated region (UTR) secondary structures. In a previous study, we identified some BVDV-2 sequences in the GenBank database that could not be classified as subtype a, b or c by phylogenetic analysis of their genomes, UTRs or individual genes. Here, we performed a detailed study of these sequences and assessed whether they might represent a distinct BVDV-2 subtype. Initially, we collected 85 BVDV-2 complete/near-complete genomes (CNCGs) from GenBank and performed a "proof of equivalence" between phylogenetic analyses based on CNCGs and open reading frames (ORFs), which showed that ORFs may be reliably used as a reference target for BVDV-2 phylogeny, allowing us to increase our dataset to 139 sequences. Among these, we found seven sequences that could not be classified as BVDV-2a-c. The same was observed in the phylogenetic analysis of CNCGs and viral genes. In addition, the seven non-BVDV-2a-c sequences formed a distinct cluster in all phylogenetic trees, which we propose to term BVDV-2e. BVDV-2e also showed 44 amino acid changes compared to BVDV-2a-c, 20 of which are in well-defined positions. Importantly, an additional phylogenetic analysis including BVDV-2d and a pairwise comparison of BVDV-2e and BVDV-2d sequences also supported the difference between these subtypes. Finally, we propose the recognition of BVDV-2e as a distinct BVDV-2 subtype and encourage its inclusion in future phylogenetic analyses to understand its distribution and evolution.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-14
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 7491-3
    ISSN 1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
    ISSN (online) 1432-8798
    ISSN 0304-8608
    DOI 10.1007/s00705-022-05565-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Novel high-coverage primers for detection of canine morbillivirus by end-point and real-time RT-PCR assays.

    Becker, Alice Silveira / Lopes, Thaísa Regina Rocha / Pedroso, Natália Hettwer / Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Journal of virological methods

    2023  Volume 323, Page(s) 114853

    Abstract: Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a major threat to domestic dogs and wildlife worldwide. Molecular assays are the most sensitive and specific tests to diagnose the disease, however, the high CDV genetic variability may compromise laboratory diagnosis. ... ...

    Abstract Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a major threat to domestic dogs and wildlife worldwide. Molecular assays are the most sensitive and specific tests to diagnose the disease, however, the high CDV genetic variability may compromise laboratory diagnosis. Herein, we designed a high-coverage primer set for end-point (RT-PCR) and real-time (RT-qPCR) for CDV detection. Initially, we collected 194 complete/near-complete CDV genomes (GenBank) and analyzed them for highly conserved regions for primer design. We then assessed the in silico coverage, analytical sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic performance of RT-PCR/RT-qPCR reactions based on our primers. Furthermore, the coverage of our primers, as well as their analytical sensitivity and diagnostic performance, were compared to a commonly used primer set for CDV detection (named PP-I). Our forward (F) and reverse (R) primers fully matched 100 % (194/194) and 99 % (192/194) of the analyzed sequences, whereas the PP-I F and R primers fully matched 15 % (29/194) and 9 % (18/194) sequences, respectively. The detection limit of our RT-PCR and RT-qPCR was equivalent to that of PP-I primers (0.001 TCID
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Dogs ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Distemper Virus, Canine/genetics ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Distemper/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 8013-5
    ISSN 1879-0984 ; 0166-0934
    ISSN (online) 1879-0984
    ISSN 0166-0934
    DOI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114853
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 serotype(s): Is it a matter of time?

    Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Durães-Carvalho, Ricardo / de Souza, Joelma Rodrigues / Ramos Janini, Luiz Mário / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Virology

    2023  Volume 585, Page(s) 78–81

    Abstract: Since its identification in late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has undergone numerous mutations, resulting in the emergence of several viral variants, which may differ in transmissibility, virulence and/or evasion from host immunity. Particularly, immunity-related ... ...

    Abstract Since its identification in late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has undergone numerous mutations, resulting in the emergence of several viral variants, which may differ in transmissibility, virulence and/or evasion from host immunity. Particularly, immunity-related changes have been well documented in the Omicron variant, including reports of escaping neutralizing antibodies induced by infection/vaccination with heterologous SARS-CoV-2 or used in serological therapy. These findings may encourage some discussions about the possibility that Omicron is a distinct SARS-CoV-2 serotype. To contribute to this issue, we combined concepts from immunology, virology and evolution and performed an interesting brainstorm on the hypothesis that Omicron is a distinct SARS-CoV-2 serotype. Furthermore, we also discussed the likelihood of emergence of SARS-CoV-2 serotypes over time, which may not necessarily be related to Omicron. Finally, insights into this topic may have direct implications for vaccine formulations, immunodiagnostic platforms and serological therapies, contributing to better management of future outbreaks or waves.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Serogroup ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 200425-2
    ISSN 1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
    ISSN (online) 1096-0341
    ISSN 0042-6822
    DOI 10.1016/j.virol.2023.04.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Phylogeny and amino acid analysis in single and mixed bovine papillomavirus infections in Southern Brazil, 2016-2020.

    Merchioratto, Ingryd / de Oliveira, Pablo Sebastian Britto / Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / Brum, Mário Celso Sperotto / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Archives of virology

    2023  Volume 168, Issue 2, Page(s) 52

    Abstract: Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) exhibit a high degree of genetic variability, and several viral types have been identified based on analysis of the L1 gene. The L1 is the main capsid protein and the main target for neutralizing antibodies. We performed a ... ...

    Abstract Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) exhibit a high degree of genetic variability, and several viral types have been identified based on analysis of the L1 gene. The L1 is the main capsid protein and the main target for neutralizing antibodies. We performed a retrospective study on BPVs circulating in Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil, in 2016-2020. DNA from 43 bovine papilloma samples were amplified using two degenerate primer sets - FAP59/64 and MY09/11 - targeting the L1 region, and analyzed for phylogeny, mixed BPV infections (coinfections) and amino acid (aa) sequences. We also performed an in silico analysis with 114 BPV L1 sequences from the GenBank database to assess the agreement between the phylogeny obtained based on complete L1 sequences versus that based on the region amplified using the FAP59/64 and MY09/11 primer sets. Considering single and coinfections, we identified 31 BPV-1 (31/43; 72.1%), 27 BPV-2 (27/43; 62.8%) and 4 BPV-6 (4/43; 9.3%). Coinfections with BPV-1 and BPV-2 were observed in 61.3% of the samples. Our results are supported by in silico analyses that demonstrate that the classification using FAP59/64 or MY09/11 matches the complete L1 results, except for BPV-17 and -18, which may be mistakenly classified depending on the primers used. Furthermore, we found unique or rare amino acids in at least one L1 sequence of each BPV type identified in our study, some of which have been identified previously in papillomavirus epitopes, suggesting immune-mediated selection. Finally, our study provides an overview of BPVs circulating in Southern Brazil over the last five years and point to the combined use of primers FAP59/64 and MY09/11 for analysis of BPV coinfections and putative epitopes.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Papillomavirus Infections/veterinary ; Phylogeny ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Amino Acids/genetics ; Coinfection ; Retrospective Studies ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Papillomaviridae/genetics ; Bovine papillomavirus 1 ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Amino Acids ; DNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-07
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 7491-3
    ISSN 1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
    ISSN (online) 1432-8798
    ISSN 0304-8608
    DOI 10.1007/s00705-022-05622-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Novel genomic targets for proper subtyping of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) and BVDV-2.

    Mucellini, Carolina Isabela / Silva Júnior, José Valter Joaquim / de Oliveira, Pablo Sebastian Britto / Weiblen, Rudi / Flores, Eduardo Furtado

    Virus genes

    2023  Volume 59, Issue 6, Page(s) 836–844

    Abstract: Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis, the most suitable strategy for subtyping bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) and BVDV-2, is not feasible for many laboratories. Consequently, BVDV isolates/strains have been frequently subtyped based on analysis of ... ...

    Abstract Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis, the most suitable strategy for subtyping bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) and BVDV-2, is not feasible for many laboratories. Consequently, BVDV isolates/strains have been frequently subtyped based on analysis of single genomic regions, mainly the 5' untranslated region (UTR). This approach, however, may lead to inaccurate and/or poorly statistically supported viral classification. Herein, we describe novel primer sets whose amplicons may be easily sequenced and used for BVDV subtyping. Initially, genomic regions previously described as the most suitable targets for BVDV subtyping were analyzed for design of high-coverage primers. The putative amplicons were analyzed in silico for their suitability to reproduce the phylogenetic classification of 118 BVDV-1 and 88 BVDV-2 complete/near-complete genomes (CNCGs) (GenBank). This analysis was also performed considering the region amplifiable by primers HCV90-368, 324-326 and BP189-389 (5'UTR), which have been used for BVDV diagnosis and/or classification. After confirming the agreement between the analyses of our primers' amplicon versus the CNCGs, we optimized the RT-PCRs and evaluated their performance for amplification of BVDV isolates/strains (n = 35 for BVDV-1; n = 33 for BVDV-2). Among the potential targets for BVDV subtyping, we designed high-coverage primers for NS3-NS4A (BVDV-1) (526 bp amplicon) and NS5B (BVDV-2) (728 bp). The classification based on these regions fully reproduced the subtyping of all CNCGs. On the other hand, subtyping based on the putative amplicons from primers HCV90-368, 324-326 and BP189-389 showed disagreements in relation the CNCG analysis. The NS3-NS4A and NS5B primers also allowed the amplification of all BVDV isolates/strains tested. Finally, we suggest the use of these primers in future phylogenetic and epidemiological studies of BVDVs.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral/genetics ; Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease ; Genomics ; 5' Untranslated Regions/genetics ; Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral/genetics
    Chemical Substances 5' Untranslated Regions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639496-6
    ISSN 1572-994X ; 0920-8569
    ISSN (online) 1572-994X
    ISSN 0920-8569
    DOI 10.1007/s11262-023-02022-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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