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Article ; Online: Role of drugs in the prevention and amelioration of radiation induced toxic effects.

Patyar, Rakesh Raman / Patyar, Sazal

2018 Volume 819, Page(s) 207–216

Abstract: As the use of radiation technology for nuclear warfare or for the benefits of mankind (e.g. in radiotherapy or radio-diagnosis) is increasing tremendously, the risk of associated side effects is becoming a cause of concern. These effects, ranging from ... ...

Abstract	As the use of radiation technology for nuclear warfare or for the benefits of mankind (e.g. in radiotherapy or radio-diagnosis) is increasing tremendously, the risk of associated side effects is becoming a cause of concern. These effects, ranging from nausea/vomiting to death, may result from accidental or deliberate exposure and begin in seconds. Through this review paper, efforts have been done to critically review different compounds which have been investigated as radioprotectors and radiation mitigators. Radioprotectors are compounds which are administered just before or at the time of irradiation so as to minimize the radiation induced damage to normal tissues. And radiation mitigators are the compounds which can even minimize or ameliorate post irradiaion-toxicity provided they are administered before the onset of toxic symptoms. A variety of agents have been investigated for their preventive and ameliorative potential against radiation induced toxic effects. This review article has focused on various aspects of the promising representative agents belonging to different classes of radioprotectors and mitigators. Many compounds have shown promising results, but till date only amifostine and palifermin are clinically approved by FDA. To fill this void in pharmacological armamentarium, focus should be shifted towards novel approaches.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Radiation Injuries/drug therapy ; Radiation Injuries/prevention & control ; Radiation-Protective Agents/chemistry ; Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology ; Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Radiation-Protective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80121-5
ISSN	1879-0712 ; 0014-2999
ISSN (online)	1879-0712
ISSN	0014-2999
DOI	10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.011
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Article: Impact of empagliflozin add-on therapy on quality of life in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension: A prospective study.

Najar, Imtiyaz Ahmed / Masoodi, Shariq Rashid / Mir, Shakeel Ahmed / Bhat, Moomin Hussain / Patyar, Rakesh Raman / Patyar, Sazal

Indian journal of public health

2022 Volume 66, Issue Supplement, Page(s) S41–S44

Abstract: Background: Diabetes has a negative impact on patient's quality of life (QoL). Comorbidities and polypharmacy further worsen their QoL. Thus, in addition to glycemic control, assessment of QoL is also gaining importance.: Objective: The objective of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Diabetes has a negative impact on patient's quality of life (QoL). Comorbidities and polypharmacy further worsen their QoL. Thus, in addition to glycemic control, assessment of QoL is also gaining importance. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate QoL in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with hypertension after add-on empagliflozin to triple drug therapy (metformin, teneligliptin, and glimepiride). Materials and methods: A prospective research was done on T2DM patients with hypertension, who visited a tertiary care referral institute's endocrine outpatient clinic. For 3 months, empagliflozin, 25 mg once daily, was administered as an add-on treatment with metformin, teneligliptin, and glimepiride. In addition to clinical assessment, an Urdu-translated QoL instrument for Indian diabetes patients was used to conduct QoL study. The QoL outcomes prior to empagliflozin add-on were compared with those obtained at the conclusion of the 3 months of treatment. Results: Empagliflozin as an add-on therapy significantly improved various aspects of QoL like role limitation due to physical health, physical endurance, general health, symptom botherness, financial worries, emotional/mental health, and diet satisfaction (P < 0.001). It also improved glycemic and blood pressure parameters significantly. Conclusion: QoL is an essential measure with respect to patient-centered treatment approach. Empagliflozin, as an add-on medication, improved QoL, glycemic parameters and blood pressure in T2DM patients with hypertension. It can be recommended as an add-on, but more research with a larger sample size is required.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Quality of Life ; Prospective Studies ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Double-Blind Method ; India ; Metformin/adverse effects ; Blood Glucose ; Hypertension/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	glimepiride (6KY687524K) ; empagliflozin (HDC1R2M35U) ; 3-(4-(4-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-ylcarbonyl)thiazolidine ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Metformin (9100L32L2N) ; Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-22
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	800737-8
ISSN	2229-7693 ; 0019-557X
ISSN (online)	2229-7693
ISSN	0019-557X
DOI	10.4103/ijph.ijph_1070_22
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Article ; Online: Correlation between Sleep Duration and Risk of Stroke.

Patyar, Sazal / Patyar, Rakesh Raman

Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association

2015 Volume 24, Issue 5, Page(s) 905–911

Abstract: Modern lifestyle and job requirements have changed the sleep habits of most of the adult population. Various population-based studies have associated an increase in mortality with either shortened sleep or long sleep duration. Thus a U-shaped ... ...

Abstract	Modern lifestyle and job requirements have changed the sleep habits of most of the adult population. Various population-based studies have associated an increase in mortality with either shortened sleep or long sleep duration. Thus a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and all-cause mortality in both men and women has been suggested. Several studies have found an association between sleep duration and risk of cardiovascular diseases also. Efforts to understand the etiology of stroke have indicated an association between sleep and stroke too. Obstructive sleep apnea, a sleep-related disorder, has been reported to significantly increase the risk of stroke. Moreover, many studies have shown that both short and long sleep durations are related to increased likelihood of diabetes and hypertension, which themselves are risk factors for stroke. Therefore, this review focuses on the correlation between sleep duration and risk of stroke based on the experimental and epidemiologic studies. Although a few experimental studies have reported that partial sleep deprivation may reduce stroke incidence and severity, yet, most experimental and observational studies have indicated a strong association between short/long sleep durations and higher risk of stroke.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Sleep ; Sleep Wake Disorders/complications ; Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/etiology ; Stroke/mortality
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1131675-5
ISSN	1532-8511 ; 1052-3057
ISSN (online)	1532-8511
ISSN	1052-3057
DOI	10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.12.038
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Article: Chemopreventive effect of artesunate in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.

Patyar, Sazal / Patyar, Rakesh Raman / Medhi, Bikash / Khanduja, Krishan Lal

Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research

2017 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 102–107

Abstract: Artesunate (ART) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin. Artemisinin and its derivatives have shown profound cytotoxicity and antitumor activity in addition to antimalarial activity in various studies. As ... ...

Abstract	Artesunate (ART) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin. Artemisinin and its derivatives have shown profound cytotoxicity and antitumor activity in addition to antimalarial activity in various studies. As the
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-05
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2231-4040
ISSN	2231-4040
DOI	10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_61_17
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Article ; Online: Effect of goat milk on hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs in rats.

Miglani, Sonam / Patyar, Rakesh Raman / Patyar, Sazal / Reshi, Mohammad Rafi

Journal of food and drug analysis

2016 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 716–721

Abstract: Aim of the present study was to assess the hepatoprotective activity of goat milk on antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats using a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide given orally as a ... ...

Abstract	Aim of the present study was to assess the hepatoprotective activity of goat milk on antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats using a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide given orally as a suspension for 30 days. Treatment groups received goat milk along with antitubercular drugs. Liver damage was assessed using biochemical and histological parameters. Administration of goat milk (20 mL/kg) along with antitubercular drugs (Group III) reversed the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (82 ± 25.1 vs. 128.8 ± 8.9 units/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (174.7 ± 31.5 vs. 296.4 ± 56.4 units/L, p<0.01) compared with antitubercular drug treatment Group II. There was a significant decrease in serum alanine aminotransferase (41.8 ± 4.1 vs. 128.8 ± 8.9 units/L, p<0.01) and aspartate aminotransferase (128.8 ± 8.54 vs. 296.4 ± 56.4 units/L, p<0.001) levels in Group IV (goat milk 40 mL/kg) compared with antitubercular drug treatment Group II. Goat milk (20 mL/kg and 40 mL/kg) was effective in reversing the rise in malondialdehyde level compared with the antitubercular drug suspension groups (58.5 ± 2 vs. 89.88 ± 2.42 μmol/mL of tissue homogenate, p<0.001 and 69.7 ± 0.78 vs. 89.88 ± 2.42 μmol/mL of tissue homogenate, p<0.001, respectively). Similarly, both doses of milk significantly prevented a fall in superoxide dismutase level (6.23 ± 0.29 vs. 3.1 ± 0.288 units/mL, p<0.001 and 7.8 ± 0.392 vs. 3.1 ± 0.288 units/mL, p<0.001) compared with the group receiving antitubercular drugs alone. Histological examination indicated that goat milk reduced inflammation and necrotic changes in hepatocytes in the treatment groups. The results indicated that goat milk prevented the antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity and is an effective hepatoprotective agent.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antitubercular Agents ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Goats ; Milk ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
Chemical Substances	Antitubercular Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06-02
Publishing country	China (Republic : 1949- )
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2224-6614
ISSN (online)	2224-6614
DOI	10.1016/j.jfda.2016.03.012
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Article: Lacosamide, a newer antiepileptic.

Patyar, Sazal / Medhi, Bikash

Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)

2010 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–6

Abstract: Lacosamide (LCM) is a newer antiepileptic drug with a dual mode of action. It selectively enhances slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels without affecting fast inactivation, and modulates collapsing response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2). It ... ...

Abstract	Lacosamide (LCM) is a newer antiepileptic drug with a dual mode of action. It selectively enhances slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels without affecting fast inactivation, and modulates collapsing response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2). It has a high oral bioavailability of approximately 100%. It has shown potent and broad neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo animal models making it a potential candidate for long term treatment of epilepsy. In addition to this, it has demonstrated analgesic activity in various animal models. Apart from this, LCM has demonstrated potent effects in animal models for a variety of CNS disorders like schizophrenia and stress induced anxiety. Various safety pharmacology and toxicology studies have shown that LCM is well tolerated. Clinical trials have also suggested that LCM is a safe, effective, and well tolerated adjunctive treatment for reduction of seizure frequency in patients with highly refractory, partial seizures. Other potential indications of LCM are being investigated.
MeSH term(s)	Acetamides/chemistry ; Acetamides/therapeutic use ; Anticonvulsants/chemistry ; Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Epilepsy/drug therapy ; Humans
Chemical Substances	Acetamides ; Anticonvulsants ; lacosamide (563KS2PQY5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-01
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2214806-1
ISSN	1319-6138
ISSN	1319-6138
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Article: Effect of goat milk on hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs in rats

Miglani, Sonam / Mohammad Rafi Reshi / Rakesh Raman Patyar / Sazal Patyar

Yàowù shípǐn fēnxī. 2016 Oct., v. 24, no. 4

2016

Abstract	Aim of the present study was to assess the hepatoprotective activity of goat milk on antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats using a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide given orally as a suspension for 30 days. Treatment groups received goat milk along with antitubercular drugs. Liver damage was assessed using biochemical and histological parameters. Administration of goat milk (20 mL/kg) along with antitubercular drugs (Group III) reversed the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (82 ± 25.1 vs. 128.8 ± 8.9 units/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (174.7 ± 31.5 vs. 296.4 ± 56.4 units/L, p<0.01) compared with antitubercular drug treatment Group II. There was a significant decrease in serum alanine aminotransferase (41.8 ± 4.1 vs. 128.8 ± 8.9 units/L, p<0.01) and aspartate aminotransferase (128.8 ± 8.54 vs. 296.4 ± 56.4 units/L, p<0.001) levels in Group IV (goat milk 40 mL/kg) compared with antitubercular drug treatment Group II. Goat milk (20 mL/kg and 40 mL/kg) was effective in reversing the rise in malondialdehyde level compared with the antitubercular drug suspension groups (58.5 ± 2 vs. 89.88 ± 2.42 μmol/mL of tissue homogenate, p<0.001 and 69.7 ± 0.78 vs. 89.88 ± 2.42 μmol/mL of tissue homogenate, p<0.001, respectively). Similarly, both doses of milk significantly prevented a fall in superoxide dismutase level (6.23 ± 0.29 vs. 3.1 ± 0.288 units/mL, p<0.001 and 7.8 ± 0.392 vs. 3.1 ± 0.288 units/mL, p<0.001) compared with the group receiving antitubercular drugs alone. Histological examination indicated that goat milk reduced inflammation and necrotic changes in hepatocytes in the treatment groups. The results indicated that goat milk prevented the antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity and is an effective hepatoprotective agent.
Keywords	alanine transaminase ; aspartate transaminase ; blood serum ; drug therapy ; drugs ; goat milk ; hepatocytes ; hepatoprotective effect ; hepatotoxicity ; histology ; inflammation ; isoniazid ; liver ; malondialdehyde ; rats ; rifampicin ; superoxide dismutase
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-10
Size	p. 716-721.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1292535-4
ISSN	1021-9498
ISSN	1021-9498
DOI	10.1016/j.jfda.2016.03.012
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Dual inhibition: a novel promising pharmacological approach for different disease conditions.

Patyar, Sazal / Prakash, Ajay / Medhi, Bikash

The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology

2011 Volume 63, Issue 4, Page(s) 459–471

Abstract: To overcome the problems associated with polypharmacy, which include medication non compliance, adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions and increased pill-burden, various strategies, such as sustained-release drugs and fixed-dose combination ... ...

Abstract	To overcome the problems associated with polypharmacy, which include medication non compliance, adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions and increased pill-burden, various strategies, such as sustained-release drugs and fixed-dose combination regimens (polypills), have been developed. Out of these, a novel and very much promising approach is the use of dual-action drugs. Amongst the dual-action drugs, there is a class of compounds known as dual inhibitors, which possess the dual inhibitory activity. The most common examples of dual inhibitors are rivastigmine, ladostigil, asenapine, phenserine, amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin and desipramine. This review article focuses on the conventional drugs used in different diseases which possess dual inhibition activity as well as those which are still in the preclinical/clinical phase.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drug Therapy/methods ; Drug Therapy/trends ; Drugs, Investigational/pharmacology ; Drugs, Investigational/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Prescription Drugs/chemistry ; Prescription Drugs/pharmacology ; Prescription Drugs/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Investigational ; Prescription Drugs
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	3107-0
ISSN	2042-7158 ; 0022-3573 ; 0373-1022
ISSN (online)	2042-7158
ISSN	0022-3573 ; 0373-1022
DOI	10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01236.x
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Article: Role of vinpocetine in cerebrovascular diseases.

Patyar, Sazal / Prakash, Ajay / Modi, Manish / Medhi, Bikash

Pharmacological reports : PR

2011 Volume 63, Issue 3, Page(s) 618–628

Abstract: A cerebrovascular accident, or stroke, is defined as the abrupt onset of a neurological deficit, which can be due to ischemia. Cerebral ischemia is caused by a reduction in blood flow that thereby decreases cerebral metabolism. Chronic cerebral ... ...

Abstract	A cerebrovascular accident, or stroke, is defined as the abrupt onset of a neurological deficit, which can be due to ischemia. Cerebral ischemia is caused by a reduction in blood flow that thereby decreases cerebral metabolism. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion leads to irreversible brain damage and plays an important role in the development of certain types of dementia. Vinpocetine, chemically known as ethyl apovincaminate, is a vinca alkaloid that exhibits cerebral blood-flow enhancing and neuroprotective effects. Non-clinical and clinical studies have suggested multiple mechanisms responsible for the beneficial neuroprotective effects of vinpocetine. As no significant side effects related to vinpocetine treatment have been reported, it is considered to be safe for long-term use. This vasoactive alkaloid is widely marketed as a supplement for vasodilation and as a nootropic for the improvement of memory. The present review focuses on studies investigating the role of vinpocetine in cerebrovascular diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain Ischemia/drug therapy ; Brain Ischemia/physiopathology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/drug therapy ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology ; Humans ; Memory/drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents/adverse effects ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Nootropic Agents/adverse effects ; Nootropic Agents/pharmacology ; Stroke/drug therapy ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Vinca Alkaloids/adverse effects ; Vinca Alkaloids/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Neuroprotective Agents ; Nootropic Agents ; Vinca Alkaloids ; vinpocetine (543512OBTC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-08-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2186248-5
ISSN	1734-1140
ISSN	1734-1140
DOI	10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70574-6
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Article ; Online: Bacteria in cancer therapy: a novel experimental strategy.

Patyar, S / Joshi, R / Byrav, D S Prasad / Prakash, A / Medhi, B / Das, B K

Journal of biomedical science

2010 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 21

Abstract: Resistance to conventional anticancer therapies in patients with advanced solid tumors has prompted the need of alternative cancer therapies. Moreover, the success of novel cancer therapies depends on their selectivity for cancer cells with limited ... ...

Abstract	Resistance to conventional anticancer therapies in patients with advanced solid tumors has prompted the need of alternative cancer therapies. Moreover, the success of novel cancer therapies depends on their selectivity for cancer cells with limited toxicity to normal tissues. Several decades after Coley's work a variety of natural and genetically modified non-pathogenic bacterial species are being explored as potential antitumor agents, either to provide direct tumoricidal effects or to deliver tumoricidal molecules. Live, attenuated or genetically modified non-pathogenic bacterial species are capable of multiplying selectively in tumors and inhibiting their growth. Due to their selectivity for tumor tissues, these bacteria and their spores also serve as ideal vectors for delivering therapeutic proteins to tumors. Bacterial toxins too have emerged as promising cancer treatment strategy. The most potential and promising strategy is bacteria based gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. Although it has shown successful results in vivo yet further investigation about the targeting mechanisms of the bacteria are required to make it a complete therapeutic approach in cancer treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacteria/enzymology ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/immunology ; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Bacterial Toxins/administration & dosage ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Humans ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Prodrugs/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents ; Bacterial Toxins ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Prodrugs
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-03-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1193378-1
ISSN	1423-0127 ; 1021-7770
ISSN (online)	1423-0127
ISSN	1021-7770
DOI	10.1186/1423-0127-17-21
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