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  1. Article ; Online: Genetic Liability to Insomnia and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

    Larsson, Susanna C / Markus, Hugh S

    Circulation

    2019  Volume 140, Issue 9, Page(s) 796–798

    MeSH term(s) Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics ; Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology ; Genetic Variation ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/genetics ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80099-5
    ISSN 1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    ISSN (online) 1524-4539
    ISSN 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
    DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041830
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Cultivating resilience and hope: A qualitative study of a pilot program using patient navigators to assist men who have sex with men with retention in the HIV care continuum in Uganda.

    Larsson, Markus / N'Diaye, Arielle / Lusimbo, Richard / Agardh, Anette

    PLOS global public health

    2023  Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) e0001475

    Abstract: In Uganda, due to the criminalization of same-sex sexual practices, men who have sex with men (MSM) experience barriers to accessing HIV care. To retain patients within the HIV Care Continuum, some health interventions have used patient navigators as an ... ...

    Abstract In Uganda, due to the criminalization of same-sex sexual practices, men who have sex with men (MSM) experience barriers to accessing HIV care. To retain patients within the HIV Care Continuum, some health interventions have used patient navigators as an ancillary support service. To understand the potential care benefits of using patient navigators for marginalized populations experiencing challenges to HIV care and treatment access in a Ugandan context, this qualitative study explored the experiences of newly diagnosed MSM using patient navigators for ARV retention in care in Kampala. Additionally, to gain insight into the feasibility of patient navigator interventions, this study also aimed to understand the perspectives and experiences of patient navigators working with HIV positive MSM. Individual in-depth, semi structured interviews were conducted with 24 HIV positive MSM and four patient navigators that were part of a patient navigator pilot program from January 2019 -December 2020. Analysis was done using manifest and latent qualitative content analysis. Results showed that HIV positive MSM in Uganda experienced a variety of social, emotional, and financial challenges that placed them at risk for dropping off the HIV Care Continuum. Patient navigators provided HIV positive MSM with the skills, support, and resources necessary to overcome these challenges. Based on study results, we conclude that within the patient navigator pilot program, patient navigators improved MSM participants' quality of life by helping them to achieve the HIV Care Continuum stages: diagnosis, linked to care, receiving HIV treatment, and retention in care. Study results suggest future research is needed on the psychosocial support needs of patient navigators, how the support needs of MSM change throughout their lifetime on the HIV Care Continuum, and how potential benefits of patient navigators may differ in rural Ugandan contexts.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2767-3375
    ISSN (online) 2767-3375
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001475
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Psychosocial study environment characteristics associated with exposure to sexual harassment at a large public university in southern Sweden: a cross-sectional study.

    Palmieri, Jack / Östergren, Per-Olof / Larsson, Markus / Agardh, Anette

    Global health action

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 2264627

    Abstract: Background: Universities can be understood as work-like environments for students, with similar risks and expectations regarding psychosocial environment. Limited research has examined this study environment from a Demand-Control-Support perspective ... ...

    Abstract Background: Universities can be understood as work-like environments for students, with similar risks and expectations regarding psychosocial environment. Limited research has examined this study environment from a Demand-Control-Support perspective with regard to sexual harassment. Understanding this environment is key to designing protective measures. This study aimed to examine the association between individual and psychosocial study environment characteristics and exposure to sexual harassment among students at Lund University, Sweden.
    Methods: This cross-sectional study utilised data from an online survey conducted among students. Questions on background characteristics, exposure to sexual harassment while at university and psychosocial study environment as measured by a Demand-Control-Support-instrument were used. Bivariate, and multivariable logistic regressions were used, together with Population Attributable Fractions (PAF), and synergy indexes (SI).
    Results: High demands and low control were independently associated with higher odds of being exposed to sexual harassment among both females and males (OR 1.41, OR 1.26 and OR 1.55, OR1.34, respectively). When adjusting for background characteristics, high study strain (combination of high demands and low control) was associated with exposure to sexual harassment among both female and male respondents (aOR 1.67 and 1.98 respectively) and could account for PAF of 14% and 15% of study environment sexual harassment for females and males, respectively. Low lecturer support was associated with higher odds for sexual harassment among females (aOR 1.19) but not males. Little evidence was found for a buffering effect of student support on high strain and sexual harassment (SI 0.7).
    Conclusion: Working to reduce situations of high strain study environments could be an effective strategy for reducing sexual harassment in university settings. Improving support from lecturers could also modify this relationship, but more research is required to identify causal pathways underlying this result.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Sexual Harassment/psychology ; Universities ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sweden ; Students/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2540569-X
    ISSN 1654-9880 ; 1654-9880
    ISSN (online) 1654-9880
    ISSN 1654-9880
    DOI 10.1080/16549716.2023.2264627
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Risky sexual behavior and self-rated mental health among young adults in Skåne, Sweden - a cross-sectional study.

    Karle, Anna / Agardh, Anette / Larsson, Markus / Arunda, Malachi Ochieng

    BMC public health

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 9

    Abstract: Background: Risky sexual behavior is a public health challenge that significantly affects young people's health and well-being in Sweden and throughout the world. Moreover, poor mental health, anxiety and depression among adolescents and young adults ... ...

    Abstract Background: Risky sexual behavior is a public health challenge that significantly affects young people's health and well-being in Sweden and throughout the world. Moreover, poor mental health, anxiety and depression among adolescents and young adults have increased in recent years. However, although hypothesized, the associations between general mental health and risky sexual behavior among young adults are less established. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association between self-rated mental health and risky sexual behavior among young adults in southern Sweden.
    Methods: Population-based, cross-sectional survey data from 2968 participants aged 18-30 years old residing in southern Sweden was used (response rate 42%). The survey included questions on sexual behavior, alcohol habits, sociodemographic background, and mental health. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between mental health, depression, anxiety, and risky sexual behavior, stratified by sex (gender). Indicators for risky sexual behavior included not using a condom, non-condom use with casual partner, and multiple (≥2) sexual partners during the last year.
    Results: Generally, male participants rated their depression and anxiety levels considerably lower than their female counterparts. Poor mental health, high depression, and high anxiety scores (levels) were significantly associated with having multiple sexual partners among among female participants; adjusted odds ratios (aOR) was 1.3 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.71). However, findings among males were not statistically significant. Furthermore, overall results indicated that higher depression and anxiety scores were associated with 1.4 and 1.6 higher odds, respectively, of not using condom with a casual partner in the most recent sexual encounter. Similarly, higher anxiety scores were associated with non-condom use in the latest sexual encounter, aOR 1.4 (1.1-1.7), but no significant gender-specific associations were found.
    Conclusion: The associations found between poor mental health factors and multiple sex partners among females warrant consideration in future public health interventions. Further research to increase the understanding of the causal mechanisms that link mental health factors and risky sexual behavior, especially multiple sex partners, among young adult females is needed to support evidence-based interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Female ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Mental Health ; Sweden/epidemiology ; Sexual Behavior/psychology ; Sexual Partners ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Risk-Taking ; Condoms
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041338-5
    ISSN 1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
    ISSN (online) 1471-2458
    ISSN 1471-2458
    DOI 10.1186/s12889-022-14823-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Cultivating resilience and hope

    Markus Larsson / Arielle N'Diaye / Richard Lusimbo / Anette Agardh

    PLOS Global Public Health, Vol 3, Iss 1, p e

    A qualitative study of a pilot program using patient navigators to assist men who have sex with men with retention in the HIV care continuum in Uganda.

    2023  Volume 0001475

    Abstract: In Uganda, due to the criminalization of same-sex sexual practices, men who have sex with men (MSM) experience barriers to accessing HIV care. To retain patients within the HIV Care Continuum, some health interventions have used patient navigators as an ... ...

    Abstract In Uganda, due to the criminalization of same-sex sexual practices, men who have sex with men (MSM) experience barriers to accessing HIV care. To retain patients within the HIV Care Continuum, some health interventions have used patient navigators as an ancillary support service. To understand the potential care benefits of using patient navigators for marginalized populations experiencing challenges to HIV care and treatment access in a Ugandan context, this qualitative study explored the experiences of newly diagnosed MSM using patient navigators for ARV retention in care in Kampala. Additionally, to gain insight into the feasibility of patient navigator interventions, this study also aimed to understand the perspectives and experiences of patient navigators working with HIV positive MSM. Individual in-depth, semi structured interviews were conducted with 24 HIV positive MSM and four patient navigators that were part of a patient navigator pilot program from January 2019 -December 2020. Analysis was done using manifest and latent qualitative content analysis. Results showed that HIV positive MSM in Uganda experienced a variety of social, emotional, and financial challenges that placed them at risk for dropping off the HIV Care Continuum. Patient navigators provided HIV positive MSM with the skills, support, and resources necessary to overcome these challenges. Based on study results, we conclude that within the patient navigator pilot program, patient navigators improved MSM participants' quality of life by helping them to achieve the HIV Care Continuum stages: diagnosis, linked to care, receiving HIV treatment, and retention in care. Study results suggest future research is needed on the psychosocial support needs of patient navigators, how the support needs of MSM change throughout their lifetime on the HIV Care Continuum, and how potential benefits of patient navigators may differ in rural Ugandan contexts.
    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Psychosocial study environment characteristics associated with exposure to sexual harassment at a large public university in southern Sweden

    Jack Palmieri / Per-Olof Östergren / Markus Larsson / Anette Agardh

    Global Health Action, Vol 16, Iss

    a cross-sectional study

    2023  Volume 1

    Abstract: Background Universities can be understood as work-like environments for students, with similar risks and expectations regarding psychosocial environment. Limited research has examined this study environment from a Demand-Control-Support perspective with ... ...

    Abstract Background Universities can be understood as work-like environments for students, with similar risks and expectations regarding psychosocial environment. Limited research has examined this study environment from a Demand-Control-Support perspective with regard to sexual harassment. Understanding this environment is key to designing protective measures. This study aimed to examine the association between individual and psychosocial study environment characteristics and exposure to sexual harassment among students at Lund University, Sweden. Methods This cross-sectional study utilised data from an online survey conducted among students. Questions on background characteristics, exposure to sexual harassment while at university and psychosocial study environment as measured by a Demand-Control-Support-instrument were used. Bivariate, and multivariable logistic regressions were used, together with Population Attributable Fractions (PAF), and synergy indexes (SI). Results High demands and low control were independently associated with higher odds of being exposed to sexual harassment among both females and males (OR 1.41, OR 1.26 and OR 1.55, OR1.34, respectively). When adjusting for background characteristics, high study strain (combination of high demands and low control) was associated with exposure to sexual harassment among both female and male respondents (aOR 1.67 and 1.98 respectively) and could account for PAF of 14% and 15% of study environment sexual harassment for females and males, respectively. Low lecturer support was associated with higher odds for sexual harassment among females (aOR 1.19) but not males. Little evidence was found for a buffering effect of student support on high strain and sexual harassment (SI 0.7). Conclusion Working to reduce situations of high strain study environments could be an effective strategy for reducing sexual harassment in university settings. Improving support from lecturers could also modify this relationship, but more research is required to identify causal pathways ...
    Keywords sexual harassment ; psychosocial study environment ; demand-control-support ; university students ; study strain ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Taylor & Francis Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Risk of poor mental health and experience of violence among a young adult population with same-sex sexuality

    Benedict Oppong Asamoah / Markus Larsson / Charlotte Agardh / Tobias Herder

    BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss

    a cross-sectional study in southern Sweden

    2022  Volume 2

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Does Treating Vascular Risk Factors Prevent Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Larsson, Susanna C / Markus, Hugh S

    Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

    2018  Volume 64, Issue 2, Page(s) 657–668

    Abstract: Background: Epidemiological evidence has associated Alzheimer's disease (AD) with vascular risk factors (VRFs), but whether treatment of VRFs reduces the incidence of dementia and AD is uncertain.: Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Epidemiological evidence has associated Alzheimer's disease (AD) with vascular risk factors (VRFs), but whether treatment of VRFs reduces the incidence of dementia and AD is uncertain.
    Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize available data on the impact of treatment of VRFs on dementia and AD incidence.
    Methods: Pertinent studies published until 1 January 2018 were identified from PubMed. Both randomized controlled trials (RCT) and prospective studies that investigated the impact of treatment of VRFs on dementia or AD incidence were included.
    Results: Eight RCTs and 52 prospective studies were identified. Antihypertensive treatment was associated with a non-significant reduced risk of dementia in RCTs (n = 5; relative risk [RR], 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-1.02) and prospective studies (n = 3; RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.58-1.01) and with reduced AD risk in prospective studies (n = 5; RR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66-0.91). In prospective studies, treatment of hyperlipidemia with statins, but not nonstatin lipid-lowering agents, was associated with reduced risk of dementia (n = 17; RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.95) and AD (n = 13; RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.80-0.92). The single RCT on statins and dementia incidence showed no association. Data from one RCT and six prospective studies did not support a beneficial impact of antidiabetic drugs or insulin therapy on dementia risk.
    Conclusion: Current evidence indicates that antihypertensives and statins might reduce the incidence of dementia and AD. Further trials to determine the effect of VRF on AD are needed.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology ; Alzheimer Disease/prevention & control ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Dementia/prevention & control ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; PubMed/statistics & numerical data ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Insulin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 1440127-7
    ISSN 1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
    ISSN (online) 1875-8908
    ISSN 1387-2877
    DOI 10.3233/JAD-180288
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Factors assessed in the first year of a longitudinal study predict subsequent study visit compliance: the TEDDY study.

    Melin, Jessica / Lynch, Kristian F / Lundgren, Markus / Aronsson, Carin Andrén / Larsson, Helena Elding / Johnson, Suzanne Bennett

    European journal of medical research

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 592

    Abstract: Background: Compliance with a study protocol is central to meeting its research goals. In longitudinal research studies, data loss due to missed visits limit statistical power and introduce bias. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young ( ... ...

    Abstract Background: Compliance with a study protocol is central to meeting its research goals. In longitudinal research studies, data loss due to missed visits limit statistical power and introduce bias. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study is a longitudinal multinational (US, Finland, Germany, and Sweden) investigation of children at risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D) that seeks to identify the environmental triggers of islet autoimmunity and T1D. The purpose of the current study was to identify sociodemographic variables and maternal characteristics assessed in the first year of TEDDY that were associated with study visit compliance in the subsequent 3 years.
    Methods: Sociodemographic variables, maternal life-style behaviors, post-partum depression, maternal reactions to the child's T1D risk, and study-related variables were collected at child-age 6 months and 15 months. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the association of these variables to study visit compliance in the subsequent 3 years.
    Results: Study visit compliance was highest in Sweden (p > 0.001), in children who were their mother's first child (p > 0.001), and whose mothers were older (p > 0.001) and more satisfied with the TEDDY study (p > 0.001). Father participation was also associated with better study visit compliance (p > 0.001). In contrast, children whose mothers smoked (p > 0.001), suffered from post-partum depression (p = 0.034), and were more anxious about their child's T1D risk (p = 0.002), completed fewer visits. Father's study satisfaction was also associated with study visit compliance (p = 0.029); however, it was not significant in models that included maternal study satisfaction.
    Conclusions: Sociodemographic variables, maternal characteristics-including study satisfaction-and fathers' participation in the first year of a longitudinal study were associated with subsequent study visit compliance in a sample of children genetically at-risk for T1D followed for 4 years. This information can inform future strategies designed to improve study visit compliance in longitudinal pediatric studies.
    Trial registration: NCT00279318, 06/09/2004.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology ; Germany/epidemiology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mothers ; Child, Preschool ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1329381-3
    ISSN 2047-783X ; 0949-2321
    ISSN (online) 2047-783X
    ISSN 0949-2321
    DOI 10.1186/s40001-023-01563-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: ASL-MRI-guided evaluation of multiple burr hole revascularization surgery in Moyamoya disease.

    Lewén, Anders / Fahlström, Markus / Borota, Ljubisa / Larsson, Elna-Marie / Wikström, Johan / Enblad, Per

    Acta neurochirurgica

    2023  Volume 165, Issue 8, Page(s) 2057–2069

    Abstract: Purpose: Moyamoya (MM) disease is characterized by progressive intracranial arterial stenosis. Patients commonly need revascularization surgery to optimize cerebral blood flow (CBF). Estimation of CBF and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) is therefore ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Moyamoya (MM) disease is characterized by progressive intracranial arterial stenosis. Patients commonly need revascularization surgery to optimize cerebral blood flow (CBF). Estimation of CBF and cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) is therefore necessary before and after surgery. However, assessment of CBF before and after indirect revascularization surgery with the multiple burr hole (MBH) technique in MM has not been studied extensively. In this study, we describe our initial experience using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (ASL-MRI) for CBF and CVR assessment before and after indirect MBH revascularization surgery in MM patients.
    Methods: Eleven MM patients (initial age 6-50 years, 1 male/10 female) with 19 affected hemispheres were included. A total of 35 ASL-MRI examinations were performed using a 3D-pCASL acquisition before and after i.v. acetazolamide challenge (1000 mg in adults and 10 mg/kg in children). Twelve MBH procedures were performed in seven patients. The first follow-up ASL-MRI was performed 7-21 (mean 12) months after surgery.
    Results: Before surgery, CBF was 46 ± 16 (mean ± SD) ml/100 g/min and CVR after acetazolamide challenge was 38.5 ± 9.9 (mean ± SD)% in the most affected territory (middle cerebral artery). In cases in which surgery was not performed, CVR was 56 ± 12 (mean ± SD)% in affected hemispheres. After MBH surgery, there was a relative change in CVR compared to baseline (preop) of + 23.5 ± 23.3% (mean ± SD). There were no new ischemic events.
    Conclusion: Using ASL-MRI we followed changes in CBF and CVR in patients with MM. The technique was encouraging for assessments before and after revascularization surgery.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Moyamoya Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Moyamoya Disease/surgery ; Acetazolamide ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Middle Cerebral Artery/surgery ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ; Cerebral Revascularization/methods
    Chemical Substances Acetazolamide (O3FX965V0I)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-16
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80010-7
    ISSN 0942-0940 ; 0001-6268
    ISSN (online) 0942-0940
    ISSN 0001-6268
    DOI 10.1007/s00701-023-05641-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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