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  1. Article ; Online: Healthy School Meals for All in Utah.

    Spruance, Lori A / Guenther, Patricia M / Callaway, Sarah / Giles, Lahela / Varas, Sebasthian / Metos, Julie

    The Journal of school health

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 5, Page(s) 415–426

    Abstract: Background: The National School Lunch and School Breakfast programs reduce food insecurity and improve dietary intake. During the COVID-19 pandemic, school meals were provided to all children at no cost, regardless of income. This policy is known as ... ...

    Abstract Background: The National School Lunch and School Breakfast programs reduce food insecurity and improve dietary intake. During the COVID-19 pandemic, school meals were provided to all children at no cost, regardless of income. This policy is known as Healthy School Meals For All (HSMFA). The purpose of the study was to examine the feasibility of a HSMFA policy in Utah.
    Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used, including qualitative interviews for policymakers, surveys for school foodservice directors, and financial modeling of Utah Child Nutrition Programs data. Analysis included a phenomenological analytic approach for qualitative data, descriptive statistics for surveys, and development of a cost model with 6 scenarios.
    Results: Qualitative data revealed themes of (1) awareness; (2) responsibility; (3) perspectives on school meals; and (4) new opportunities. Most (81%) foodservice directors believed HSMFA should continue post-pandemic. HSMFA would cost $51,341,436 to $82,358,375 per year.
    Implications for school health policy, practice, and equity: HSMFA would result in the equitable treatment of all children regarding access to healthy school meals.
    Conclusions: Given the support of foodservice directors but the lack of political consensus, considering stepwise implementation and providing cost estimates may increase feasibility of a HSMFA policy in Utah.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Utah ; Food Services ; Pandemics ; Meals ; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 952835-0
    ISSN 1746-1561 ; 0022-4391
    ISSN (online) 1746-1561
    ISSN 0022-4391
    DOI 10.1111/josh.13412
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Driving Distance and Food Accessibility: A Geospatial Analysis of the Food Environment in the Navajo Nation and Border Towns.

    Bennion, Natalie / Redelfs, Alisha H / Spruance, Lori / Benally, Shelby / Sloan-Aagard, Chantel

    Frontiers in nutrition

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 904119

    Abstract: The Navajo Nation, an area home to approximately 173,000 people in the southwest United States, experiences the highest rates of food insecurity in the United States and is classified as a food desert. The present study assessed the accessibility to food ...

    Abstract The Navajo Nation, an area home to approximately 173,000 people in the southwest United States, experiences the highest rates of food insecurity in the United States and is classified as a food desert. The present study assessed the accessibility to food outlets (grocery stores, convenience stores, and restaurants) as measured by driving time on the Navajo Nation and in selected surrounding border towns. Food outlets located in neighboring border towns were examined using network analysis tools in ArcGIS Pro to calculate driving distance and examine the potential impact of driving time within the Navajo Nation on accessibility to nutritious foods. There were 14 grocery stores, 21 convenience stores, and 65 restaurants identified in the Navajo Nation using Mergent Intellect, a proprietary database, as compared to border towns which had a total of 542 grocery stores, 762 convenience stores, and 3,329 restaurants equaling a ratio of about 50:1 (grocery, 39:1; convenience, 36:1; restaurants, 51:1) when comparing food outlets nearby versus on the Navajo Nation. This ecological study presents a visual representation of driving time and food accessibility, revealing geographic areas within the Navajo Nation where access to border town food stores is sparse, and food insecurity may be elevated.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2776676-7
    ISSN 2296-861X
    ISSN 2296-861X
    DOI 10.3389/fnut.2022.904119
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: An integrated comparative physiology and molecular approach pinpoints mediators of breath-hold capacity in dolphins.

    Blawas, Ashley M / Ware, Kathryn E / Schmaltz, Emma / Zheng, Larry / Spruance, Jacob / Allen, Austin S / West, Nicole / Devos, Nicolas / Corcoran, David L / Nowacek, Douglas P / Eward, William C / Fahlman, Andreas / Somarelli, Jason A

    Evolution, medicine, and public health

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 420–430

    Abstract: Background and objectives: Ischemic events, such as ischemic heart disease and stroke, are the number one cause of death globally. Ischemia prevents blood, carrying essential nutrients and oxygen, from reaching tissues, leading to cell and tissue death, ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: Ischemic events, such as ischemic heart disease and stroke, are the number one cause of death globally. Ischemia prevents blood, carrying essential nutrients and oxygen, from reaching tissues, leading to cell and tissue death, and eventual organ failure. While humans are relatively intolerant to ischemic events, other species, such as marine mammals, have evolved a unique tolerance to chronic ischemia/reperfusion during apneic diving. To identify possible molecular features of an increased tolerance for apnea, we examined changes in gene expression in breath-holding dolphins.
    Methodology: Here, we capitalized on the adaptations possesed by bottlenose dolphins (
    Results: We observed time-dependent upregulation of the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) gene and increased lipoxygenase activity during breath holding. ALOX5 has been shown to be activated during hypoxia in rodent models, and its metabolites, leukotrienes, induce vasoconstriction.
    Conclusions and implications: The upregulation of ALOX5 mRNA occurred within the calculated aerobic dive limit of the species, suggesting that ALOX5 may play a role in the dolphin's physiological response to diving, particularly in a pro-inflammatory response to ischemia and in promoting vasoconstriction. These observations pinpoint a potential molecular mechanism by which dolphins, and perhaps other marine mammals, respond to the prolonged breath holds associated with diving.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2684837-5
    ISSN 2050-6201
    ISSN 2050-6201
    DOI 10.1093/emph/eoab036
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Diet Quality Is Lower for Those Who Skip Lunch Among a Sample of Predominantly Black Adolescents.

    Spruance, Lori Andersen / Clason, Spencer / Burton, Jordyn Hansen / Myers, Leann / O'Malley, Keelia / Johnson, Carolyn C

    American journal of health promotion : AJHP

    2020  Volume 35, Issue 5, Page(s) 694–697

    Abstract: Purpose: To compare the dietary quality among adolescents who skip lunch and those who do not and explore associations between school-level variables, demographic variables and lunch skipping.: Design: Cross-sectional.: Setting: Public schools in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To compare the dietary quality among adolescents who skip lunch and those who do not and explore associations between school-level variables, demographic variables and lunch skipping.
    Design: Cross-sectional.
    Setting: Public schools in New Orleans, Louisiana (n = 21).
    Participants: 718 adolescents.
    Methods: Adolescents participated in a 24-hour dietary recall using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool early in 2013. Data were converted into Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) scores. Mean scores were compared between students who skipped lunch and those who did not. A multilevel analysis was conducted to assess relationships between school environment, demographics, and lunch skipping.
    Results: Of the 718 respondents, 88.3% were Black and 15.3% skipped lunch. Students who ate lunch had a mean HEI score of 46.6 compared to a mean score of 41.7 for students who skipped lunch (p < .001). Students who skipped lunch also had significantly lower intake of total vegetables (p = .02), whole fruits (p < .001), total dairy (p = .003), total protein (p < .001).
    Conclusions: Skipping lunch was associated with lower quality diet, though diet quality was low among all students. Considering over 15% of the sample did not eat lunch in a closed-campus school setting, further research should consider how to encourage students to participate in the National School Lunch Program, which has the ability to increase diet quality in adolescents.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; African Americans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Food Services ; Humans ; Louisiana ; Lunch ; Schools
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 645160-3
    ISSN 2168-6602 ; 0890-1171
    ISSN (online) 2168-6602
    ISSN 0890-1171
    DOI 10.1177/0890117120981372
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Intravenous Acetaminophen Reduces Length of Stay Via Mediation of Postoperative Opioid Consumption After Posterior Spinal Fusion in a Pediatric Cohort.

    Olbrecht, Vanessa A / Ding, Lili / Spruance, Kristie / Hossain, Monir / Sadhasivam, Senthilkumar / Chidambaran, Vidya

    The Clinical journal of pain

    2017  Volume 34, Issue 7, Page(s) 593–599

    Abstract: Objectives: Since approval of intravenous acetaminophen (IV APAP), its use has become quite common without strong positive evidence. Our goal was to determine the effect of IV APAP on length of hospital stay (LOS) via mediation of opioid-related side ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Since approval of intravenous acetaminophen (IV APAP), its use has become quite common without strong positive evidence. Our goal was to determine the effect of IV APAP on length of hospital stay (LOS) via mediation of opioid-related side effects in pediatric patients.
    Materials and methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, 114 adolescents undergoing posterior spinal fusion were prospectively recruited and managed postoperatively with patient-controlled analgesia and adjuvant therapy. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the use of IV APAP: control (n=70) and treatment (n=44). Association of IV APAP use with opioid outcomes was analyzed using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-adjusted propensity scores to balance the 2 groups for all significant covariates except postoperative opioid consumption. Mediation analysis was carried out for LOS with IV APAP as the independent variable and morphine consumption as the mediator.
    Results: Oral intake was delayed by ∼1 day (P<0.001) and LOS was 0.6 days longer in the control group (P=0.044). After IPTW, time to oral intake remained significantly longer in the control group (P=0.014). The mediation model with IPTW revealed a significant negative association between IV APAP and morphine consumption (P<0.001), which significantly increased LOS (P<0.003). IV APAP had a significant opioid-sparing effect associated with shorter LOS.
    Discussion: IV APAP hastens oral intake and is associated with decreased LOS in an adolescent surgery population likely through decreased opioid consumption. Through addition of IV APAP in this population, LOS may be decreased, an important implication in the setting of escalating health care costs.
    MeSH term(s) Acetaminophen/administration & dosage ; Administration, Intravenous ; Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Analgesics/administration & dosage ; Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Kyphosis/surgery ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Prospective Studies ; Scoliosis/surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Analgesics ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Acetaminophen (362O9ITL9D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 632582-8
    ISSN 1536-5409 ; 0749-8047
    ISSN (online) 1536-5409
    ISSN 0749-8047
    DOI 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000576
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The Emerging Science of Interoception: Sensing, Integrating, Interpreting, and Regulating Signals within the Self.

    Chen, Wen G / Schloesser, Dana / Arensdorf, Angela M / Simmons, Janine M / Cui, Changhai / Valentino, Rita / Gnadt, James W / Nielsen, Lisbeth / Hillaire-Clarke, Coryse St / Spruance, Victoria / Horowitz, Todd S / Vallejo, Yolanda F / Langevin, Helene M

    Trends in neurosciences

    2020  Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–16

    Abstract: Interoception refers to the representation of the internal states of an organism, and includes the processes by which it senses, interprets, integrates, and regulates signals from within itself. This review presents a unified research framework and ... ...

    Abstract Interoception refers to the representation of the internal states of an organism, and includes the processes by which it senses, interprets, integrates, and regulates signals from within itself. This review presents a unified research framework and attempts to offer definitions for key terms to describe the processes involved in interoception. We elaborate on these definitions through illustrative research findings, and provide brief overviews of central aspects of interoception, including the anatomy and function of neural and non-neural pathways, diseases and disorders, manipulations and interventions, and predictive modeling. We conclude with discussions about major research gaps and challenges.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Interoception
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282488-7
    ISSN 1878-108X ; 0378-5912 ; 0166-2236
    ISSN (online) 1878-108X
    ISSN 0378-5912 ; 0166-2236
    DOI 10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Bell palsy and herpes simplex virus.

    Spruance, S L

    Annals of internal medicine

    1994  Volume 120, Issue 12, Page(s) 1045–1046

    MeSH term(s) Facial Paralysis/microbiology ; Female ; Herpes Simplex ; Humans ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 1994-06-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/0003-4819-120-12-199406150-00013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Prophylactic chemotherapy with acyclovir for recurrent herpes simplex labialis.

    Spruance, S L

    Journal of medical virology

    1993  Volume Suppl 1, Page(s) 27–32

    Abstract: The medical literature was reviewed and 11 clinical trials of prophylactic topical or peroral acyclovir for the suppression of recurrent herpes simplex labialis were identified. The results of these trials showed that prophylactic topical acyclovir was ... ...

    Abstract The medical literature was reviewed and 11 clinical trials of prophylactic topical or peroral acyclovir for the suppression of recurrent herpes simplex labialis were identified. The results of these trials showed that prophylactic topical acyclovir was mostly ineffective, but that prophylactic peroral acyclovir, in doses ranging from 400 to 1,000 mg/day, reduced the frequency of herpes labialis during treatment by 50-78%. The reduction in the frequency of episodes of herpes labialis with acyclovir prophylaxis is less than the suppressive effect that has been reported for herpes genitalis (50-78% vs. 80-90%). In trials of prophylactic acyclovir for herpes labialis induced by experimental ultraviolet radiation, 26% of induced lesions developed within 48 hours of radiation exposure ("immediate" lesions) and, in contrast to "delayed" lesions that developed 2-7 days post-irradiation, were not suppressed by the antiviral compound. It is proposed that these treatment-unresponsive immediate lesions have an atypical pathogenesis, possibly involving latency of herpes simplex virus in the labial epithelium, and that these may be responsible for the apparent difference between herpes labialis and genitalis in the degree of benefit from prophylactic acyclovir therapy.
    MeSH term(s) Acyclovir/administration & dosage ; Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Herpes Labialis/drug therapy ; Humans ; Recurrence
    Chemical Substances Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1993
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.1890410507
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  9. Article ; Online: Transcranial Doppler quantification of residual shunt after percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure: correlation of device efficacy with intracardiac anatomic measures.

    Sorensen, Sherman G / Spruance, Spotswood L / Smout, Randall / Horn, Susan

    Journal of interventional cardiology

    2012  Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) 304–312

    Abstract: Background: Percutaneous, mechanical closure of defects of the atrial septum fails to completely resolve shunting in up to 20% of cases. Little is known about the factors associated with device failure.: Methods: We measured the left atrial opening ( ... ...

    Abstract Background: Percutaneous, mechanical closure of defects of the atrial septum fails to completely resolve shunting in up to 20% of cases. Little is known about the factors associated with device failure.
    Methods: We measured the left atrial opening (X), right atrial opening (Z), tunnel length (Y), septum secundum, device-septum primum separation, and tunnel compressibility of the patent foramen ovale (PFO) in 301 patients with cryptogenic neurological events, PFO anatomy, and severe Valsalva shunting (Spencer Grade 5-5+). All patients then underwent percutaneous closure with the GORE®HELEX Septal Occluder device and were evaluated at 3 months for residual shunt by transcranial Doppler (TCD).
    Results: Severe residual Valsalva shunt (TCD Grade 5-5+) was found at 3 months in 21 of 301 (7%) patients. X, Y, and Z were associated with failure with a high degree of statistical significance, whereas the width of the septum secundum, device-septum primum separation, and tunnel compressibility were not. An unanticipated finding was that 14 of 35 (40%) patients sized with a large balloon failed compared with 9 of 280 (3%) sized with a small balloon (P < 0.0001). In the multivariate logistic regression model, X (P = < 0.0001) and balloon size (P < 0.0001) were both strong predictors of failure.
    Conclusions: In an intracardiac echocardiography-defined PFO population, characterized by severe baseline Valsalva shunt and a high incidence of persistent (rest) shunting, association of six intracardiac measurements to closure device failure by multivariate logistic regression showed that the width of the left atrial opening was a strong predictor of residual shunting. An unanticipated finding was that use of a large sizing balloon was also strongly associated with failure.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrial Septum ; Female ; Foramen Ovale, Patent/diagnostic imaging ; Foramen Ovale, Patent/pathology ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/therapy ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Septal Occluder Device ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial/methods ; Valsalva Maneuver ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1036325-7
    ISSN 1540-8183 ; 0896-4327
    ISSN (online) 1540-8183
    ISSN 0896-4327
    DOI 10.1111/j.1540-8183.2011.00714.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Predicting the pain continuum after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery: A prospective cohort study.

    Chidambaran, V / Ding, L / Moore, D L / Spruance, K / Cudilo, E M / Pilipenko, V / Hossain, M / Sturm, P / Kashikar-Zuck, S / Martin, L J / Sadhasivam, S

    European journal of pain (London, England)

    2017  Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 1252–1265

    Abstract: Background: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) affects half a million children annually in the United States, with dire socioeconomic consequences, including long-term disability into adulthood. The few studies of CPSP in children are limited by sample ... ...

    Abstract Background: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) affects half a million children annually in the United States, with dire socioeconomic consequences, including long-term disability into adulthood. The few studies of CPSP in children are limited by sample size, follow-up duration, non-homogeneity of surgical procedure and factors evaluated.
    Methods: In a prospective study of 144 adolescents undergoing a single major surgery (spine fusion), we evaluated demographic, perioperative, surgical and psychosocial factors as predictors of a continuum of postsurgical pain: immediate, pain maintenance at 2-3 months (chronic pain/CP) and persistence of pain a year (persistent pain/PP) after surgery.
    Results: We found an incidence of 37.8% and 41.8% for CP and PP. CP and acute pain were both significant predictors for developing PP (p-value <0.001 and 0.003). Preoperative pain and higher postoperative opioid requirement was significantly associated with CP (p = 0.015, p = 0.002), while Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (p = 0.002) and surgical duration (p = 0.014) predicted PP. The final regression models had reasonable predictive accuracy (c-statistic of 0.73 and 0.83 for CP and PP, respectively). Anxiety scores and catastrophizing for child and parent were found to be significantly correlated (p = 0.005, p = 0.013 respectively). Pain trajectories revealed that 65% of patients who developed PP reported CP and high pain trends; however, 33% of those who developed PP could not be identified using solely pain criteria.
    Conclusion: Persistent postsurgical pain in children is a significant problem. It can be predicted in part by combinations of psychological and clinical variables, which may provide evidence-based measures to prevent development of CPSP in the future.
    Significance: In a homogeneous cohort of adolescents undergoing spine fusion, we report a high incidence of persistent postsurgical pain (41.8%) predicted by child anxiety, perioperative pain, and surgical duration. Our results stress timely preventive and therapeutic strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Anxiety/psychology ; Catastrophization/psychology ; Child ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Parents ; Prospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1390424-3
    ISSN 1532-2149 ; 1090-3801
    ISSN (online) 1532-2149
    ISSN 1090-3801
    DOI 10.1002/ejp.1025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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