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  1. Article ; Online: Finger abduction as a novel function of the extensor digitorum brevis manus muscle.

    Vaghela, Kalpesh R / Brownlie, Craig / Edwards, Dafydd S

    Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA

    2021  Volume 43, Issue 10, Page(s) 1619–1622

    Abstract: A 25-year-old female presented with a chronic scapho-lunate ligament injury with development of carpal instability requiring reconstruction. During a standard dorsal longitudinal mid-line approach to the carpus, an extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) ... ...

    Abstract A 25-year-old female presented with a chronic scapho-lunate ligament injury with development of carpal instability requiring reconstruction. During a standard dorsal longitudinal mid-line approach to the carpus, an extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) muscle was found taking its origin from the dorsal wrist capsule overlying the lunate with innervation from the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN). Electrical stimulation of the muscle belly demonstrated abduction of the middle finger. The EDBM is a rare anatomical variant of the extensor compartment of the wrist and may be encountered during surgical approaches. Where possible these variant muscles should be carefully dissected off underlying structures, preserved and repaired at the conclusion of a procedure to ensure no perceived functional deficit to the patient. We present a case of a previously undescribed EDBM muscle function of pure finger abduction with no extension and a surgical technique of preserving its origin. We propose that the middle finger variant of the EDBM should be re-named the extensor digitorum brevis medius to reflect our findings.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Joint Instability/diagnostic imaging ; Joint Instability/surgery ; Ligaments, Articular/diagnostic imaging ; Ligaments, Articular/injuries ; Ligaments, Articular/surgery ; Muscle, Skeletal/abnormalities ; Muscle, Skeletal/surgery ; Radiography ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Wrist Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Wrist Injuries/surgery ; Wrist Joint/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-13
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632839-8
    ISSN 1279-8517 ; 0930-312X ; 0930-1038
    ISSN (online) 1279-8517
    ISSN 0930-312X ; 0930-1038
    DOI 10.1007/s00276-021-02770-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1456: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Improved accuracy of CT based measurements for anterior prominence of acetabular prosthesis using a novel protocol based on anatomical landmarks.

    Brownlie, Craig Andrew / Evans, Rob / Morrison, David / Hayes, Alex / Song, Swithin / Kuster, Markus Stefan

    Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR

    2020  Volume 106, Issue 3, Page(s) 563–568

    Abstract: Background: Anterior hip pain after total hip replacement (THR) can be caused by iliopsoas impingement (IPI). Validation of CT measured cup version is well published; however quantification of the anterior cup prominence has not been validated. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Anterior hip pain after total hip replacement (THR) can be caused by iliopsoas impingement (IPI). Validation of CT measured cup version is well published; however quantification of the anterior cup prominence has not been validated. Therefore, we did an in vitro study aiming to: (1) assess the accuracy of the current method of measuring the prominence of the acetabular component using a dry bone model; (2) develop a CT protocol based on bony anatomical landmarks that improves the accuracy of these measurements.
    Hypothesis: We hypothesise that utilising reproducible anatomical landmarks on the acetabulum will improve the accuracy of measurement of anterior prominence at the psoas valley.
    Methods: A dry bone pelvic model was implanted with bilateral acetabular cups. The cup was manipulated into ten different combinations of inclination and version, and anterior prominence directly measured in relation to the acetabular rim. A CT scan was performed for each position. Anterior prominence was then measured by two radiologists, first using standard methods (axial slice at level of centre of femoral head) and then again using a novel protocol (based on the position of the psoas valley in relation to the inferior medial acetabular notch).
    Results: Mean errors between direct measurement of anterior prominence and radiologist reported measurements using standard protocol were 6.94mm±5.24 (SD) (95%Confidence Interval: 3.25-4.27) and 5.14mm±3.07 (95%CI: 1.9-2.5) with a tendency towards overestimation of prominence. Using an anatomical landmark based protocol; mean error was reduced to 3.0mm±1.9 (95%CI: 1.16-1.53) and 4.3mm±4.3 (95%CI: 2.67-351) on the first attempt, and to 1.7mm±1.9 (95%CI: 1.15-1.52) and 2.1mm±1.4 (95%CI: 0.87-1.15) on the second attempt. Concordance correlation improved from 0.43 (95% CI: 0.19-0.68) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.44-0.79) using the standard protocol, to 0.88 (95%CI: 0.61-0.91) and 0.9 (95%CI: 0.56-0.92) using the novel protocol.
    Conclusions: There is a difference in mean error and reliability between radiologically measured values for anterior prominence and values measured directly with present methods. The use of our novel protocol based on bony acetabular landmarks, significantly improves the accuracy of measurement. This protocol may improve reproducibility and the accuracy of this measurement and aid in the decision between tenotomy or revision of the acetabular component.
    Level of evidence: III, in vitro study comparing diagnostic tools.
    MeSH term(s) Acetabulum/diagnostic imaging ; Acetabulum/surgery ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-17
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1877-0568
    ISSN (online) 1877-0568
    DOI 10.1016/j.otsr.2019.10.019
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  3. Article: Bennett fracture dislocation - review and management.

    Brownlie, Craig / Anderson, Daniel

    Australian family physician

    2011  Volume 40, Issue 6, Page(s) 394–396

    Abstract: Background: Bennett fracture dislocation is an intra-articular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal with resultant dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint. The fracture is unstable, and with inadequate treatment leads to osteoarthritis, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Bennett fracture dislocation is an intra-articular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal with resultant dislocation of the first carpometacarpal joint. The fracture is unstable, and with inadequate treatment leads to osteoarthritis, weakness and/or loss of function of the first carpometacarpal joint.
    Objective: This article reviews the current literature on Bennett fracture and describes the clinical assessment and management of a Bennett fracture.
    Discussion: Bennett fractures usually result from falling on an extended or abducted thumb or an impact onto a clenched fist. The patient presents with pain and loss of function of the first carpometacarpal joint. Management can involve closed reduction, with or without percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation, or open reduction and internal fixation, with adequate reduction and the maintenance of reduction being the key to a successful outcome. Due to the difficulty of management it is recommended that patients be referred to a specialist hand surgeon.
    MeSH term(s) Carpometacarpal Joints/injuries ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures/diagnosis ; Intra-Articular Fractures/therapy ; Joint Dislocations/diagnosis ; Joint Dislocations/therapy ; Metacarpal Bones/injuries
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-06
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 423718-3
    ISSN 0300-8495
    ISSN 0300-8495
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Influence of Obesity on Hip Pain, Function, and Satisfaction 10 Years Following Total Hip Arthroplasty.

    Haebich, Samantha J / Mark, Peter / Khan, Riaz J K / Fick, Daniel P / Brownlie, Craig / Wimhurst, James A

    The Journal of arthroplasty

    2019  Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 818–823

    Abstract: Background: The prevalence of obesity is rising, and increasing numbers of joint arthroplasty surgeries are being performed on obese patients. Concern exists that obesity increases surgical risk; however, its impact on function following total hip ... ...

    Abstract Background: The prevalence of obesity is rising, and increasing numbers of joint arthroplasty surgeries are being performed on obese patients. Concern exists that obesity increases surgical risk; however, its impact on function following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is inconsistently affirmed and less understood. A paucity exists in the literature pertaining long-term objective functional measures. Therefore, we investigated the impact of obesity on hip pain, function, and satisfaction 10 years following THA.
    Methods: This single-center, prospective, observational study categorized consecutive THA patients according to their body mass index to nonobese (<30 kg/m
    Results: The series included 191 primary THA patients. No significant differences were found in hip pain or function between the obese and nonobese groups. Obese patients however had poorer walking capacity (P = .008), were more likely to use walking aids (P = .04), and were less satisfied (P = .04) at 10 years.
    Conclusion: THA confers significant long-term symptom resolution irrespective of obesity; however, despite undergoing surgery, obese patients can be counseled they may not be as satisfied as or achieve the same walking capacity as nonobese individuals.
    MeSH term(s) Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Humans ; Obesity ; Pain ; Patient Satisfaction ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 632770-9
    ISSN 1532-8406 ; 0883-5403
    ISSN (online) 1532-8406
    ISSN 0883-5403
    DOI 10.1016/j.arth.2019.09.046
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    Zs.A 2134: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: The application of molecular structural predictors of intestinal absorption to screening of compounds for transdermal penetration.

    Grice, Jeffrey E / Cross, Sheree E / Brownlie, Craig / Roberts, Michael S

    The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology

    2010  Volume 62, Issue 6, Page(s) 750–755

    Abstract: Objectives: The development of methods to predict the transport of molecules across biological membranes, without the need for time-consuming collection of experimental data, is a rapidly growing science. The use of structural characteristics of ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The development of methods to predict the transport of molecules across biological membranes, without the need for time-consuming collection of experimental data, is a rapidly growing science. The use of structural characteristics of molecules has been investigated to predict the maximum transport rates of molecules across skin epidermal and intestinal membranes, known as maximum flux and maximum absorbable dose, respectively, although different approaches have been used. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the relationship between polar surface area and number of rotatable bonds of molecules and their permeability through intestinal membranes could be applied to the permeation of solutes through the epidermis following topical application.
    Methods: We used a published dataset of human epidermal maximum flux values for 182 solutes and stepwise regression to determine relationships between structural predictors and maximum membrane transport rates.
    Key findings: Results showed that diffusion processes occurring across intestinal and skin epidermal membranes cannot be estimated by the same solute molecular properties, as different combinations of partitioning and diffusion processes appear to be dominating in each type of membrane. The basis of these differences in terms of molecular weight dependence and the usefulness of polar surface area are discussed.
    Conclusions: Based on available literature, we concluded that transdermal penetration is poorly predicted by parameters derived from intestinal or Caco-2 model membranes. While this approach may be useful for small sets of structurally related compounds, it appears to have limited value for screening and selection of novel structures in the pharmaceutical industry.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Cutaneous ; Biological Transport ; Caco-2 Cells ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Molecular Weight ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/chemistry ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism ; Regression Analysis ; Skin Absorption
    Chemical Substances Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3107-0
    ISSN 2042-7158 ; 0022-3573 ; 0373-1022
    ISSN (online) 2042-7158
    ISSN 0022-3573 ; 0373-1022
    DOI 10.1211/jpp.62.06.0011
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    Uf I Zs.149: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Reverse vaccinology as an approach for developing Histophilus somni vaccine candidates.

    Madampage, Claudia Avis / Rawlyk, Neil / Crockford, Gordon / Wang, Yejun / White, Aaron P / Brownlie, Robert / Van Donkersgoed, Joyce / Dorin, Craig / Potter, Andrew

    Biologicals : journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization

    2015  Volume 43, Issue 6, Page(s) 444–451

    Abstract: Histophilosis of cattle is caused by the Gram negative bacterial pathogen Histophilus somni (H. somni) which is also associated with the bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex. Existing vaccines for H. somni include either killed cells or bacteria-free ...

    Abstract Histophilosis of cattle is caused by the Gram negative bacterial pathogen Histophilus somni (H. somni) which is also associated with the bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex. Existing vaccines for H. somni include either killed cells or bacteria-free outer membrane proteins from the organism which have proven to be moderately successful. In this study, reverse vaccinology was used to predict potential H. somni vaccine candidates from genome sequences. In turn, these may protect animals against new strains circulating in the field. Whole genome sequencing of six recent clinical H. somni isolates was performed using an Illumina MiSeq and compared to six genomes from the 1980's. De novo assembly of crude whole genomes was completed using Geneious 6.1.7. Protein coding regions was predicted using Glimmer3. Scores from multiple web-based programs were utilized to evaluate the antigenicity of these predicted proteins which were finally ranked based on their surface exposure scores. A single new strain was selected for future vaccine development based on conservation of the protein candidates among all 12 isolates. A positive signal with convalescent serum for these antigens in western blots indicates in vivo recognition. In order to test the protective capacity of these antigens bovine animal trials are ongoing.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial/genetics ; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/immunology ; Bacterial Vaccines/immunology ; Blotting, Western ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/microbiology ; Cattle Diseases/prevention & control ; Computational Biology/methods ; Computer Simulation ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics ; DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification ; Gene Library ; Genome, Bacterial ; Haemophilus Infections/microbiology ; Haemophilus Infections/prevention & control ; Haemophilus Infections/veterinary ; Haemophilus somnus/genetics ; Haemophilus somnus/immunology ; Haemophilus somnus/isolation & purification ; Haemophilus somnus/pathogenicity ; Models, Genetic ; Open Reading Frames/genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/isolation & purification ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Virulence
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Bacterial ; Bacterial Proteins ; Bacterial Vaccines ; DNA, Bacterial ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1017370-5
    ISSN 1095-8320 ; 1045-1056
    ISSN (online) 1095-8320
    ISSN 1045-1056
    DOI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.09.001
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