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  1. Article: DBCP.

    Legator, M S

    International journal of occupational and environmental health

    1999  Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) 241

    MeSH term(s) Developing Countries ; Humans ; Insecticides/adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Organizational Culture ; Philippines ; Propane/adverse effects ; Propane/analogs & derivatives ; Social Justice ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (96K0FD4803) ; Propane (T75W9911L6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1262326-x
    ISSN 2049-3967 ; 1077-3525
    ISSN (online) 2049-3967
    ISSN 1077-3525
    DOI 10.1179/oeh.1999.5.3.241
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  2. Article ; Online: It Takes a Village: The First 100 Patients Seen in a Multidisciplinary Pelvic Floor Clinic.

    Jochum, Sarah B / Legator, Hanna / Abraham, Rana R / Bhama, Anuradha R / Dugan, Sheila A / Favuzza, Joanne / Jacobs, Kristin M / Robinson, Kenika R / Saclarides, Theodore J / Hayden, Dana M / Brincat, Cynthia A

    Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery

    2020  Volume 27, Issue 4, Page(s) e505–e509

    Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to assess the characteristics of patients assessed and treated at a multidisciplinary pelvic floor program that includes representatives from multiple specialties. Our goal is to describe the process from triaging patients to ...

    Abstract Objective: This study aimed to assess the characteristics of patients assessed and treated at a multidisciplinary pelvic floor program that includes representatives from multiple specialties. Our goal is to describe the process from triaging patients to the actual collaborative delivery of care. This study examines the factors contributing to the success of our multidisciplinary clinic as evidenced by its ongoing viability.
    Methods: This is a descriptive study retrospectively analyzing a prospectively maintained database that included the first 100 patients seen in the Program for Abdominal and Pelvic Health clinic between December 2017 and October 2018. We examined patient demographics, their concerns, and care plan including diagnostic tests, findings, treatments, referrals, and return visits.
    Results: The clinic met twice monthly, and the first 100 patients were seen over the course of 10 months. The most common primary symptoms were pelvic pain (45), constipation (30), bladder incontinence (27), bowel incontinence (23), high tone pelvic floor dysfunction (23), and abdominal pain (23); most patients had more than one presenting symptom (76). The most common specialties seen at the first visit to the clinic included gastroenterology (56%), followed by physical medicine and rehabilitation (45%), physical therapy (31%), female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (25%), behavioral health (19%), urology (18%), and colorectal surgery (13%). Eleven patients were entirely new to our hospital system. Most patients had diagnostic tests ordered and performed.
    Conclusions: A multidisciplinary clinic for abdominal and pelvic health proves a sustainable model for comprehensive treatment for patients with pelvic floor dysfunction, including difficulties with defecation, urination, sexual dysfunction, and pain.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hospitals, Special ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Patient Care Team ; Pelvic Floor Disorders/diagnosis ; Pelvic Floor Disorders/therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2542707-6
    ISSN 2154-4212 ; 2151-8378
    ISSN (online) 2154-4212
    ISSN 2151-8378
    DOI 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000884
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  3. Article: Industry pressures on scientific investigators.

    Legator, M S

    International journal of occupational and environmental health

    1998  Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) 133

    MeSH term(s) Conflict of Interest ; Humans ; Industry ; Research/standards ; Science/standards ; Social Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1262326-x
    ISSN 2049-3967 ; 1077-3525
    ISSN (online) 2049-3967
    ISSN 1077-3525
    DOI 10.1179/oeh.1998.4.2.133
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  4. Article: Underestimating risk for three important human carcinogens: vinyl chloride, benzene, and butadiene.

    Legator, M S

    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

    1997  Volume 837, Page(s) 170–175

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Benzene/toxicity ; Butadienes/toxicity ; Carcinogens/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Vinyl Chloride/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Butadienes ; Carcinogens ; Benzene (J64922108F) ; Vinyl Chloride (WD06X94M2D)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1997-12-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 211003-9
    ISSN 1749-6632 ; 0077-8923
    ISSN (online) 1749-6632
    ISSN 0077-8923
    DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb56873.x
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  5. Article: Genetic toxicology: lessons from the past, directions for the future.

    Legator, M S

    Environmental and molecular mutagenesis

    1994  Volume 23 Suppl 24, Page(s) 3–6

    Abstract: Twenty-five years after the founding of the Environmental Mutagen Society, the need to detect germinal cell mutagens remains an unfulfilled goal. Instead we embarked upon a journey to characterize carcinogens by detecting mutations in nonmammalian or in ... ...

    Abstract Twenty-five years after the founding of the Environmental Mutagen Society, the need to detect germinal cell mutagens remains an unfulfilled goal. Instead we embarked upon a journey to characterize carcinogens by detecting mutations in nonmammalian or in vitro assays. Genetic toxicologists, in an attempt to devise a quick efficient strategy for detecting chemical carcinogens, committed two basic errors. The first error set us off on a 25-year quest for the definitive short-term assay for characterizing carcinogens; the second error, derived from the first, was to focus our efforts mostly toward determining effects in somatic cells rather than also looking for chemically induced effects in germinal cells. The time is now at hand to reestablish the credibility of the field of genetic toxicology and achieve the goals of the initial founders of the society. Having realized the shortcomings of nonmammalian studies, we should devote our efforts to developing suitable germinal cell assays in animals and where possible in humans. In addition to identifying germinal cell mutagens, we should also expand our efforts to evaluate chronic low-level exposures of human populations to potential cancer causing agents, using the rapidly developing methods of genetic biomonitoring.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carcinogens, Environmental/toxicity ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity ; Germ-Line Mutation ; Humans ; Molecular Biology/trends ; Mutagens/toxicity ; Population Surveillance ; Societies, Scientific/trends
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens, Environmental ; Environmental Pollutants ; Mutagens
    Language English
    Publishing date 1994
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639145-x
    ISSN 1098-2280 ; 0893-6692
    ISSN (online) 1098-2280
    ISSN 0893-6692
    DOI 10.1002/em.2850230603
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  6. Article: Mechanism of allyl alcohol toxicity.

    LEGATOR, M / RACUSEN, D

    Journal of bacteriology

    2003  Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 120–121

    MeSH term(s) Alcohols/pharmacology ; Ethanol/pharmacology ; Fungi/drug effects ; Humans ; Propanols
    Chemical Substances Alcohols ; Propanols ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; allyl alcohol (3W678R12M0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-08-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2968-3
    ISSN 1098-5530 ; 0021-9193
    ISSN (online) 1098-5530
    ISSN 0021-9193
    DOI 10.1128/jb.77.1.120-121.1959
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  7. Article: Cytogenetic effects from exposure to mixed pesticides and the influence from genetic susceptibility

    Legator, M. S.

    Environmental Health Perspectives

    1999  Volume 107, Issue 6, Page(s) 501–505

    Abstract: Exposure to pesticides remains a major environmental health problem. Health risk from such exposure needs to be more precisely understood. The authors conducted three different cytogenetic assays to elucidate the biological effects of exposure to mixed ... ...

    Institution 700 Harborside Drive, USA-Galveston, TX 77555-1110 Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Room 2.102 Ewing Hall
    Abstract Exposure to pesticides remains a major environmental health problem. Health risk from such exposure needs to be more precisely understood. The authors conducted three different cytogenetic assays to elucidate the biological effects of exposure to mixed pesticides in 20 Costa Rica farmers (all nonsmokers) compared with 20 matched controls. The farmers were also exposed to dibromochloropropane during the early employment years, and most of them experienced sterility/fertility problems. The authors' data show that the farmers had consistently higher frequencies of chromosome aberrations, as determined by the standard chromosome aberration assay, and significantly abnormal DNA repair responses (p<0.05), as determined by the challenge assay, but no statistically significant differences in the tandem-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay (p>0.05). Genotype analysis indicates that farmers with certain "unfavorable" versions of polymorphic metabolizing genes (cytochrome P4502E1, the glutathione S-transferases mu and theta, and the paraoxonase genes) had significantly more biological effects, as determined by all three cytogenetic assays, than both the farmers with the "favorable" alleles and the matched controls. A unique observation is that, in individuals who had inherited any of the mentioned "unfavorable" alleles, farmers were consistently underrepresented. In conclusion, the Costa Rican farmers were exposed to genotoxic agents, most likely pesticides, which expressed the induction of biological and adverse health effects. The farmers who had inherited "unfavorable" metabolizing alleles were more susceptible to genotoxic effects than those with "favorable" alleles. The authors' genotype data suggest that the well-recognized "healthy worker effect" may be influenced by unrecognized occupational selection pressure against genetically susceptible individuals.
    Keywords Biozid ; Exposition ; Genetik ; Chromosomaberration ; DNS ; Costa Rica
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 195189-0
    ISSN 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    ISSN (online) 1552-9924
    ISSN 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
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  8. Article: Biological monitoring--consider the alternatives.

    Legator, M S

    Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis

    1990  Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) 209–210

    MeSH term(s) Carcinogens ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Population Surveillance
    Chemical Substances Carcinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 1990
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 82089-1
    ISSN 1520-6866 ; 0270-3211
    ISSN (online) 1520-6866
    ISSN 0270-3211
    DOI 10.1002/tcm.1770100302
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  9. Article: Biological monitoring for mutagenic effects of occupational exposure to butadiene

    Legator, M. S.

    Toxicology

    1996  Volume 113, Issue 1-3, Page(s) 84–90

    Abstract: The use of biological markers in the evaluation of human exposure to hazardous agents has increased rapidly in recent years. Because 1,3-butadiene is a mutagenic carcinogen, existing occupational levels of exposure may be appropriately evaluated using ... ...

    Institution USA-Galveston, TX 77555-1147 Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch
    Abstract The use of biological markers in the evaluation of human exposure to hazardous agents has increased rapidly in recent years. Because 1,3-butadiene is a mutagenic carcinogen, existing occupational levels of exposure may be appropriately evaluated using somatic cell mutation as a biomarker. Previously, the authors have described a biomarker study of workers in a butadiene monomer plant. They now report results from a second study of the same group of workers, conducted after plant modernization, and present preliminary results from a study of exposures in a styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) plant. Air levels of butadiene were determined using either charcoal tubes with air pumps or passive badge dosimeters. The quantity of a butadiene metabolite in the urine was used as a biomarker of exposure and the mutagenic effects of exposure were measured using the autoradiographic hprt mutant lymphocyte assay. In all three studies, the frequencies of hprt mutants were significantly elevated in workers from the areas of highest exposure when compared to workers from lower exposure areas or non-exposed subjects. The concentration of the urinary metabolite was significantly increased in high-exposed workers in the first study of monomer plant workers but not in the second. In the first monomer plant study, historical air concentrations of butadiene were higher in the production units than in the central control unit. While concurrent determined air concentrations were not elevated in the second monomer plant study, they were elevated in high exposure areas in the SBR plant study. Mutant frequencies in the lower-exposure and the non-exposed groups were consistent with historical values for non-smoking individuals who were not exposed to known mutagens. The use of biomarkers, including the hprt mutant lymphocyte assay, may be of great value in determining an appropriate occupational exposure limit for butadiene.
    Keywords Butadien ; Berufstaetiger ; Biological Monitoring ; Mutagen ; Toxizitaet ; Transferase ; Bioindikator ; Lymphozyt ; USA
    Language English
    Document type Article
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  10. Article: Chromosome aberrations and response to gamma-ray challenge in lymphocytes of workers exposed to 1,3-butadiene

    Legator, M. S.

    Mutation Research

    1995  Volume 334, Issue 2, Page(s) 125–130

    Abstract: An integrated population monitoring study was initiated to investigate whether occupational exposure to current low levels of butadiene is mutagenic to workers. Ten exposed workers (mean production area concentration of 3.5ppm) and 10 matched plant ... ...

    Institution USA-Galveston, TX 77555-1010 Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch
    Abstract An integrated population monitoring study was initiated to investigate whether occupational exposure to current low levels of butadiene is mutagenic to workers. Ten exposed workers (mean production area concentration of 3.5ppm) and 10 matched plant controls (mean exposure to 0.03ppm) were selected and blood samples were collected for the study. The standard cytogenetic assay was used to determine chromosome aberration frequencies. In addition, a challenge assay was used to determine response to gamma-rays as an indication of DNA repair deficiencies. In the latter assay, cells were exposed to gamma-rays at the G1 phase of the cell cycle in vitro and the frequencies of chromosome aberrations in the first post-irradiation metaphase cells were quantitated. Based on results of the cytogenetic assay, the exposed group had a higher frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations and higher chromatid breaks per 100 cells compared with the control. However, the difference was not significant (p>0.1). With the challenge assay, the exposed group had a higher frequency of aberrant cells (p<0.04), chromatid breaks (p<0.05), deletions (p<0.07), and dicentrics (p<0.02) than the controls. In addition, the dicentric frequencies from workers were significantly correlated with the presence of a butadiene metabolite (1,2-dihydroxy-4-(N-acetylcysteinyl-S)butane) in urine with a correlation of coefficient of 0.6 (p<0.01). Two outliers were identified and our interpretation of their responses will be discussed. This study indicates that the workers had exposure-induced mutagenic effects. Together with the observation of gene mutation in a subset of the present population, this study indicates that the current occupational exposure to butadiene may not be safe to workers.
    Keywords Butadien ; Mutagen ; Mutagenitaetstest ; Exposition ; Arbeitnehmer ; Lymphozyt ; Chromosomaberration ; DNS
    Language English
    Document type Article
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