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Book ; Online: Foraminiferal Mg/Ca and Mn/Ca ratios across the Eocene-Oligocene transition, supplementary data to: Bohaty, Steven M; Zachos, James C; Delaney, Margaret Lois (2012): Foraminiferal Mg/Ca evidence for Southern Ocean cooling across the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 317-318, 251-261

Bohaty, Steven M / Delaney, Margaret Lois / Zachos, James C

2012

Abstract: ... Plateau (ODP Sites 738, 744, and 748) show a consistent pattern of temperature change, indicating 2-3 °C ... of Southern Ocean temperature change. We therefore interpret a uniform cooling of 2-3 °C in both deep surface ...

Abstract	Constraining the magnitude of high-latitude temperature change across the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT) is essential for quantifying the magnitude of Antarctic ice-sheet expansion and understanding regional climate response to this event. To this end, we constructed high-resolution stable oxygen isotope (d18O) and magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) records from planktic and benthic foraminifera at four Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites in the Southern Ocean. Planktic foraminiferal Mg/Ca records from the Kerguelen Plateau (ODP Sites 738, 744, and 748) show a consistent pattern of temperature change, indicating 2-3 °C cooling in direct conjunction with the first step of a two-step increase in benthic and planktic foraminiferal d18O values across the EOT. In contrast, benthic Mg/Ca records from Maud Rise (ODP Site 689) and the Kerguelen Plateau (ODP Site 748) do not exhibit significant temperature change. The contrasting temperature histories derived from the planktic and benthic Mg/Ca records are not reconcilable, since vertical d18O gradients remained nearly constant at all sites between 35.0 and 32.5 Ma. Based on the coherency of the planktic Mg/Ca records from the Kerguelen Plateau sites and complications with benthic Mg/Ca paleothermometry at low temperatures, the planktic Mg/Ca records are deemed the most reliable measure of Southern Ocean temperature change. We therefore interpret a uniform cooling of 2-3 °C in both deep surface (thermocline) waters and intermediate deep waters of the Southern Ocean across the EOT. Cooling of Southern Ocean surface waters across the EOT was likely propagated to the deep ocean, since deep waters were primarily sourced on the Antarctic margin throughout this time interval. Removal of the temperature component from the observed foraminiferal d18O shift indicates that seawater d18O values increased by 0.6 ± 0.15 per mil across the EOT interval, corresponding to an increase in global ice volume to a level equivalent with 60-130% modern East Antarctic ice sheet volume.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.037
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.783839
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Online: (Table S1) Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes and Mg/Ca ratios of planktonic foraminifera from ODP Hole 198-1209B, supplementary data to: Zachos, James C; Wara, Michael W; Bohaty, Steven M; Delaney, Margaret Lois; Petrizzo, Maria Rose; Brill, Amanda; Bralower, Timothy J; Premoli Silva, Isabella (2003): A transient rise in tropical sea surface temperature during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Science, 302(5650), 1551-1554

Zachos, James C / Bohaty, Steven M / Bralower, Timothy J / Brill, Amanda / Delaney, Margaret Lois / Petrizzo, Maria Rose / Premoli Silva, Isabella / Wara, Michael W

2003

Abstract: The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) has been attributed to a rapid rise in greenhouse gas levels. If so, warming should have occurred at all latitudes, although amplified toward the poles. Existing records reveal an increase in high-latitude sea ... ...

Abstract	The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) has been attributed to a rapid rise in greenhouse gas levels. If so, warming should have occurred at all latitudes, although amplified toward the poles. Existing records reveal an increase in high-latitude sea surface temperatures (SSTs) (8° to 10°C) and in bottom water temperatures (4° to 5°C). To date, however, the character of the tropical SST response during this event remains unconstrained. Here we address this deficiency by using paired oxygen isotope and minor element (magnesium/calcium) ratios of planktonic foraminifera from a tropical Pacific core to estimate changes in SST. Using mixed-layer foraminifera, we found that the combined proxies imply a 4° to 5°C rise in Pacific SST during the PETM. These results would necessitate a rise in atmospheric pCO2 to levels three to four times as high as those estimated for the late Paleocene.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2003-9999
Size	Online-Ressource
Publisher	PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science
Publishing place	Bremen/Bremerhaven
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	This dataset is supplement to doi:10.1126/science.1090110
DOI	10.1594/PANGAEA.772090
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article: Assessing availability of European plant protection product data: an example evaluating basic area treated.

López-Ballesteros, Ana / Delaney, Aoife / Quirke, James / Stout, Jane C / Saunders, Matthew / Carolan, James C / White, Blánaid / Stanley, Dara A

PeerJ

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) e13586

Abstract: Besides the benefits of plant protection products (PPPs) for agricultural production, there is an increasing acknowledgement of the associated potential environmental risks. Here, we examine the feasibility of summarizing the extent of PPP usage at the ... ...

Abstract	Besides the benefits of plant protection products (PPPs) for agricultural production, there is an increasing acknowledgement of the associated potential environmental risks. Here, we examine the feasibility of summarizing the extent of PPP usage at the country level, using Ireland as a case study, as well as at the European level. We used the area over which PPPs are applied (basic area) as an example variable that is relevant to initially assess the geographic extent of environmental risk. In Irish agricultural systems, which are primarily grass-based, herbicides fluroxypyr and glyphosate are the most widely applied active substances (ASs) in terms of basic area, followed by the fungicides chlorothalonil and prothioconazole that are closely associated with arable crops. Although all EU countries are subject to Regulation (EC) No 1185/2009, which sets the obligation of PPP usage data reporting at the national level, we only found usable data that met our criteria for Estonia, Germany, Finland, and Spain (4 of 30 countries reviewed). Overall, the most widely applied fungicide and herbicide in terms of basic area were prothioconazole (20%, 7% and 5% of national cultivated areas of Germany, Estonia and Ireland) and glyphosate (11%, 8% and 5% of national cultivated areas of Spain, Estonia and Ireland) respectively, although evaluations using application frequency may result in the observation of different trends. Several recommendations are proposed to tackle current data gaps and deficiencies in accessibility and usability of pesticide usage data across the EU in order to better inform environmental risk assessment and promote evidence-based policymaking.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.13586
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Assessing availability of European plant protection product data

Ana López-Ballesteros / Aoife Delaney / James Quirke / Jane C. Stout / Matthew Saunders / James C. Carolan / Blánaid White / Dara A. Stanley

PeerJ, Vol 10, p e

an example evaluating basic area treated

2022 Volume 13586

Abstract	Besides the benefits of plant protection products (PPPs) for agricultural production, there is an increasing acknowledgement of the associated potential environmental risks. Here, we examine the feasibility of summarizing the extent of PPP usage at the country level, using Ireland as a case study, as well as at the European level. We used the area over which PPPs are applied (basic area) as an example variable that is relevant to initially assess the geographic extent of environmental risk. In Irish agricultural systems, which are primarily grass-based, herbicides fluroxypyr and glyphosate are the most widely applied active substances (ASs) in terms of basic area, followed by the fungicides chlorothalonil and prothioconazole that are closely associated with arable crops. Although all EU countries are subject to Regulation (EC) No 1185/2009, which sets the obligation of PPP usage data reporting at the national level, we only found usable data that met our criteria for Estonia, Germany, Finland, and Spain (4 of 30 countries reviewed). Overall, the most widely applied fungicide and herbicide in terms of basic area were prothioconazole (20%, 7% and 5% of national cultivated areas of Germany, Estonia and Ireland) and glyphosate (11%, 8% and 5% of national cultivated areas of Spain, Estonia and Ireland) respectively, although evaluations using application frequency may result in the observation of different trends. Several recommendations are proposed to tackle current data gaps and deficiencies in accessibility and usability of pesticide usage data across the EU in order to better inform environmental risk assessment and promote evidence-based policymaking.
Keywords	Pesticides ; Exposure ; European policy ; Agrichemical ; Plant protection product ; Active ingredients ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Biological Evaluation of DNA Biomarkers in a Chemically Defined and Site-Specific Manner.

Bian, Ke / Delaney, James C / Zhou, Xianhao / Li, Deyu

Toxics

2019 Volume 7, Issue 2

Abstract: As described elsewhere in this Special Issue on biomarkers, much progress has been made in the detection of modified DNA within organisms at endogenous and exogenous levels of exposure to chemical species, including putative carcinogens and ... ...

Abstract	As described elsewhere in this Special Issue on biomarkers, much progress has been made in the detection of modified DNA within organisms at endogenous and exogenous levels of exposure to chemical species, including putative carcinogens and chemotherapeutic agents. Advances in the detection of damaged or unnatural bases have been able to provide correlations to support or refute hypotheses between the level of exposure to oxidative, alkylative, and other stresses, and the resulting DNA damage (lesion formation). However, such stresses can form a plethora of modified nucleobases, and it is therefore difficult to determine the individual contribution of a particular modification to alter a cell's genetic fate, as measured in the form of toxicity by stalled replication past the damage, by subsequent mutation, and by lesion repair. Chemical incorporation of a modification at a specific site within a vector (site-specific mutagenesis) has been a useful tool to deconvolute what types of damage quantified in biologically relevant systems may lead to toxicity and/or mutagenicity, thereby allowing researchers to focus on the most relevant biomarkers that may impact human health. Here, we will review a sampling of the DNA modifications that have been studied by shuttle vector techniques.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2733883-6
ISSN	2305-6304 ; 2305-6304
ISSN (online)	2305-6304
ISSN	2305-6304
DOI	10.3390/toxics7020036
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of HIV Infection on Arterial Endothelial Function: Results From a Large Pooled Cohort Analysis.

Stein, James H / Kime, Noah / Korcarz, Claudia E / Ribaudo, Heather / Currier, Judith S / Delaney, Joseph C

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology

2020 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 512–522

Abstract: Objective: To determine the effects of HIV serostatus and disease severity on endothelial function in a large pooled cohort study of people living with HIV infection and HIV- controls. Approach and Results: We used participant-level data from 9 studies: ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine the effects of HIV serostatus and disease severity on endothelial function in a large pooled cohort study of people living with HIV infection and HIV- controls. Approach and Results: We used participant-level data from 9 studies: 7 included people living with HIV (2 treatment-naïve) and 4 had HIV- controls. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured using a standardized ultrasound imaging protocol with central reading. After data harmonization, multiple linear regression was used to examine the effects of HIV- serostatus, HIV disease severity measures, and cardiovascular disease risk factors on FMD. Of 2533 participants, 986 were people living with HIV (mean 44.4 [SD 11.8] years old) and 1547 were HIV- controls (42.9 [12.2] years old). The strongest and most consistent associates of FMD were brachial artery diameter, age, sex, and body mass index. The effect of HIV+ serostatus on FMD was strongly influenced by kidney function. In the highest tertile of creatinine (1.0 mg/dL), the effect of HIV+ serostatus was strong (β=-1.59% [95% CI, -2.58% to -0.60%], Conclusions: The significant effect of HIV+ serostatus on FMD suggests that people living with HIV are at increased cardiovascular disease risk, especially if they have kidney disease.
MeSH term(s)	AIDS Serodiagnosis ; AIDS-Associated Nephropathy/complications ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brachial Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Brachial Artery/physiopathology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/virology ; HIV Seronegativity ; HIV Seropositivity ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Risk Assessment ; Severity of Illness Index ; Vasodilation ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1221433-4
ISSN	1524-4636 ; 1079-5642
ISSN (online)	1524-4636
ISSN	1079-5642
DOI	10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315435
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Article ; Online: Immune cell subpopulations as risk factors for atrial fibrillation: The Cardiovascular Health Study and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Floyd, James S / Sitlani, Colleen M / Doyle, Margaret F / Feinstein, Matthew J / Olson, Nels C / Heckbert, Susan R / Huber, Sally A / Tracy, Russell P / Psaty, Bruce M / Delaney, Joseph A C

Heart rhythm

2022 Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) 315–317

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Risk Factors ; Atherosclerosis ; Heart ; Incidence
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2229357-7
ISSN	1556-3871 ; 1547-5271
ISSN (online)	1556-3871
ISSN	1547-5271
DOI	10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.10.012
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Article ; Online: Persistent photopsia: multiple evanescent white dot syndrome in a sexagenarian.

Bourke, Christine / Stephenson, Kirk A J / Delaney, Yvonne / Morgan, James

BMJ case reports

2021 Volume 14, Issue 10

MeSH term(s)	Fluorescein Angiography ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Retinal Diseases ; Vision Disorders/diagnosis ; Vision Disorders/etiology ; White Dot Syndromes
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2021-246140
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The global need and availability of blood products: a modelling study.

Roberts, Nicholas / James, Spencer / Delaney, Meghan / Fitzmaurice, Christina

The Lancet. Haematology

2019 Volume 6, Issue 12, Page(s) e606–e615

Abstract: Background: Blood transfusions are an important resource of every health-care system, with often limited supply in low-income and middle-income countries; however, the degree of unmet need for blood transfusions is often unknown. We therefore aimed to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Blood transfusions are an important resource of every health-care system, with often limited supply in low-income and middle-income countries; however, the degree of unmet need for blood transfusions is often unknown. We therefore aimed to estimate the blood transfusion need and supply at national level to determine gaps in transfusion services globally. Methods: We did a modelling study involving 195 countries and territories. We used blood component preparation data from 2011-13 to estimate blood availability for 180 (92%) of 195 countries from the WHO Global Status Report on Blood Safety and Availability. We calculated disease-specific transfusion needs per prevalent case for 20 causes in the USA using the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample dataset between the years 2000 and 2014, and the State Inpatient Databases between 2003 and 2007 from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Using prevalence estimates for the USA from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study, we estimated the ideal disease specific-transfusion rate as the lowest rate from the years 2000 to 2014. We applied this rate to GBD prevalence results for 195 countries to estimate transfusion needs. Unmet need was the difference between the estimated supply and need. Findings: In 2017, the global blood need was 304 711 244 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 293 064 637-314 049 479) and the global blood supply was 272 270 243 (268 002 639-276 698 494) blood product units, with a need-to-supply ratio of 1·12 (95% UI 1·07-1·16). Of the 195 countries, 119 (61%) did not have sufficient blood supply to meet their need. Across these 119 countries, the unmet need totalled 102 359 632 (95% UI 93 381 710-111 360 725) blood product units, equal to 1849 (1687-2011) units per 100 000 population globally. Every country in central, eastern, and western sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, and south Asia had insufficient blood to meet their needs. Interpretation: Our data suggest that the gap between need and supply is large in many low-income and middle-income countries, and reinforce that the WHO target of 10-20 donations per 1000 population is an underestimate for many countries. A continuous expansion and optimisation of national transfusion services and implementation of evidence-based strategies for blood availability is needed globally, as is more government support, financially, structurally, and through establishment of a regulatory oversight to ensure supply, quality, and safety in low-income and middle-income countries. Funding: National Institutes of Health.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Banks/economics ; Blood Banks/standards ; Blood Banks/statistics & numerical data ; Blood Banks/supply & distribution ; Blood Safety/standards ; Blood Safety/statistics & numerical data ; Blood Transfusion/economics ; Blood Transfusion/standards ; Blood Transfusion/statistics & numerical data ; Geography ; Global Burden of Disease ; Global Health/economics ; Global Health/standards ; Global Health/statistics & numerical data ; Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data ; Health Services Accessibility/economics ; Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration ; Health Services Accessibility/standards ; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Needs Assessment/economics ; Needs Assessment/organization & administration ; Needs Assessment/standards ; Needs Assessment/statistics & numerical data ; Poverty Areas ; Prevalence
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2352-3026
ISSN (online)	2352-3026
DOI	10.1016/S2352-3026(19)30200-5
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Article: Blood transfusion trends by disease category in the United States, 2000 to 2014.

Roberts, Nicholas / James, Spencer L / Delaney, Meghan / Fitzmaurice, Christina

Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis

2020 Volume 60, Issue 1, Page(s) 103012

Abstract: Background: Better understanding of blood usage rates could identify trends in transfusion practices over time and inform more efficient management.: Methods: Inpatient admissions from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient ... ...

Abstract	Background: Better understanding of blood usage rates could identify trends in transfusion practices over time and inform more efficient management. Methods: Inpatient admissions from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample and State Inpatient Databases were analyzed for packed red blood cell (PRBC), plasma, platelet, and whole blood (WB) transfusions. The transfusion rates per admission and per prevalent case were calculated. Prevalence estimates were from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study (GBD). Results: From 2000 to 2014, blood usage rates for most causes peaked around 2010. Across all causes, PRBC were the most commonly transfused component, followed by plasma, platelets, and WB. However, the relative use of each type varied by cause. Nutritional deficiencies (1.75 blood product units across all components per admission; 95 % uncertainty interval (UI) 1.62-1.87), neoplasms (0.95; 0.87-1.04), and injuries (0.92; 0.86 - 0.98) had the greatest blood use per admission. Cardiovascular diseases (96.9 units per 1000 prevalent cases; 89.3-105.0) and neoplasms (92.7 units per 1000 prevalent cases; 84.3-101.5) had the greatest blood use per prevalent case. Across all admissions, over three million blood units were saved in 2014 compared to 2011 due to transfusing at a reduced rate. Conclusions: Blood transfusion rates decreased from 2011 to 2014 in the United States. This decline occurred in most disease categories, which points towards broad strategies like patient blood management systems and disease specific improvements like changes in surgical techniques being effective.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Transfusion/trends ; Female ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Male ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2046795-3
ISSN	1878-1683 ; 1473-0502
ISSN (online)	1878-1683
ISSN	1473-0502
DOI	10.1016/j.transci.2020.103012
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