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Article: A Rare Case of Pulmonary Cavitary Disease Caused by Mycobacterium xenopi.

Dogra, Megha / Thakur, Manish / Thakur, Garima / Kumar, Amrat

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e34561

Abstract: Mycobacterium xenopi is a slow-growing, acid-fast, non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM). It is often considered to be a saprophyte or an environmental contaminant. Mycobacterium xenopi has low pathogenicity and is usually seen in patients with pre- ... ...

Abstract	Mycobacterium xenopi is a slow-growing, acid-fast, non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM). It is often considered to be a saprophyte or an environmental contaminant. Mycobacterium xenopi has low pathogenicity and is usually seen in patients with pre-existing chronic lung diseases and immunocompromised patients. We present a case of Mycobacterium xenopi causing a cavitary lesion in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that was discovered incidentally during the low-dose CT scan done for lung cancer screening in a patient with COPD. The initial workup was negative for NTM. An Interventional-guided (IR) core needle biopsy was done given the high suspicion for NTM and revealed a positive culture for Mycobacterium xenopi. Our case highlights the importance of considering NTM in the differential diagnosis of at-risk patients and pursuing invasive testing if there is a high clinical suspicion.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.34561
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Tick-Borne Rhabdomyolysis: A Rare Case of Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury Due to Anaplasmosis.

Dogra, Megha / Thakur, Manish / Kumar, Amrat / Thakur, Garima

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e34835

Abstract: Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne illness commonly seen in the northeastern states of the United States. The most common presenting signs are fever, malaise, and body aches accompanied by leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminitis. Rhabdomyolysis and ... ...

Abstract	Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne illness commonly seen in the northeastern states of the United States. The most common presenting signs are fever, malaise, and body aches accompanied by leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminitis. Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury are rare presentations that can lead to significant morbidity. We present the case of a patient who presented with non-specific symptoms of malaise, fatigue, and body aches and was found to have rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury on laboratory workup. A presumptive diagnosis of anaplasmosis was made, and the patient was started on treatment for the same. The patient recovered successfully. Our case highlights the rare presentation of anaplasmosis with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. Physician awareness is needed for early diagnosis and preventing morbidity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.34835
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Article ; Online: Correction to: Repurposing of artesunate, an antimalarial drug, as a potential inhibitor of hepatitis E virus.

Bhise, Neha / Agarwal, Megha / Thakur, Nidhi / Akshay, P S / Cherian, Sarah / Lole, Kavita

Archives of virology

2023 Volume 168, Issue 7, Page(s) 193

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-28
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	7491-3
ISSN	1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
ISSN (online)	1432-8798
ISSN	0304-8608
DOI	10.1007/s00705-023-05799-2
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Article ; Online: Assessment of pathogenic potential of Acanthamoeba isolates by in vitro and in vivo tests.

Sharma, Chayan / Khurana, Sumeeta / Megha, Kirti / Thakur, Anchal / Bhatia, Alka / Gupta, Amit

Parasitology research

2023 Volume 122, Issue 9, Page(s) 2109–2118

Abstract: Acanthamoeba are free-living protozoa present ubiquitously in numerous environmental reservoirs that exist as an actively feeding trophozoite or a dormant cyst stage. The pathogenic Acanthamoeba are known to cause Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and ... ...

Abstract	Acanthamoeba are free-living protozoa present ubiquitously in numerous environmental reservoirs that exist as an actively feeding trophozoite or a dormant cyst stage. The pathogenic Acanthamoeba are known to cause Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE). Despite their omnipresence, the number of infections is quite low. The reason behind this low frequency of Acanthamoeba infections could be the existence of many non-pathogenic strains or a successful host immune response to these infections. Studies in the past have proposed a few physiological parameters for the differentiation of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. Additionally, in vivo experiments are known to play an essential role in understanding the virulence of parasites, immunological aspects, and disease pathogenesis. The thermotolerance (30 °C, 37 °C, and 40 °C) and osmotolerance (0.5 M, 1 M, and 1.5 M) tests were performed on 43 Acanthamoeba isolates from patients with keratitis (n = 22), encephalitis (n = 5), and water samples (n = 16). In addition, the genotype of 10 Acanthamoeba isolates (keratitis (n = 2), encephalitis (n = 2), water (n = 6)) was determined and were then evaluated for pathogenicity on mouse model by inducing Acanthamoeba keratitis and amoebic encephalitis. The results of the thermotolerance and osmotolerance assays categorized 29/43 (67.4%) isolates as pathogenic, 8 as low pathogenic (18.6%), and the remaining 6 (13.9%) as non-pathogenic. The 10 Acanthamoeba isolates were categorized as T11 (5 isolates), T5 (2 isolates), T4 (2 isolates), and T10 (1 isolate) genotypes. Out of 10 Acanthamoeba isolates, 9 were successful in establishing AK, amoebic encephalitis, or both in the mice model, and a single isolate was found non-pathogenic. Two isolates from water samples were non-pathogenic in the physiological tests but successfully established Acanthamoeba infection in the mice model. The results of the physiological assays and in vivo experiments were analogous for 7 isolates while 1 isolate from the water was low pathogenic in the physiological assays but failed to produce pathogenicity during in vivo experiments. The physiological parameters are not very dependable to test the pathogenic potential of Acanthamoeba isolates, and thus results must always be validated by in vivo experiments. There is no infallible approach for determining the potential pathogenicity of environmental isolates of Acanthamoeba because several parameters regulate the pathogenic potential.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Acanthamoeba/genetics ; Acanthamoeba Keratitis/parasitology ; Amebiasis/parasitology ; Genotype ; Encephalitis/parasitology ; Water ; Infectious Encephalitis
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	284966-5
ISSN	1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
ISSN (online)	1432-1955
ISSN	0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
DOI	10.1007/s00436-023-07910-7
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Article ; Online: Surveillance of adverse drug reactions at an adverse drug reaction monitoring centre in Central India

Megha Sharma / Ruchi Baghel / Sunil Thakur / Sandeep Adwal

BMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss

a 7-year surveillance study

2021 Volume 10

Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: DrugRepV: a compendium of repurposed drugs and chemicals targeting epidemic and pandemic viruses.

Rajput, Akanksha / Kumar, Archit / Megha, Kirti / Thakur, Anamika / Kumar, Manoj

Briefings in bioinformatics

2021 Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 1076–1084

Abstract: Viruses are responsible for causing various epidemics and pandemics with a high mortality rate e.g. ongoing SARS-CoronaVirus-2 crisis. The discovery of novel antivirals remains a challenge but drug repurposing is emerging as a potential solution to ... ...

Abstract	Viruses are responsible for causing various epidemics and pandemics with a high mortality rate e.g. ongoing SARS-CoronaVirus-2 crisis. The discovery of novel antivirals remains a challenge but drug repurposing is emerging as a potential solution to develop antivirals in a cost-effective manner. In this regard, we collated the information of repurposed drugs tested for antiviral activity from literature and presented it in the form of a user-friendly web server named 'DrugRepV'. The database contains 8485 entries (3448 unique) with biological, chemical, clinical and structural information of 23 viruses responsible to cause epidemics/pandemics. The database harbors browse and search options to explore the repurposed drug entries. The data can be explored by some important fields like drugs, viruses, drug targets, clinical trials, assays, etc. For summarizing the data, we provide overall statistics of the repurposed candidates. To make the database more informative, it is hyperlinked to various external repositories like DrugBank, PubChem, NCBI-Taxonomy, Clinicaltrials.gov, World Health Organization and many more. 'DrugRepV' database (https://bioinfo.imtech.res.in/manojk/drugrepv/) would be highly useful to the research community working to develop antivirals.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; COVID-19/virology ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Repositioning ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2068142-2
ISSN	1477-4054 ; 1467-5463
ISSN (online)	1477-4054
ISSN	1467-5463
DOI	10.1093/bib/bbaa421
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Article ; Online: Diabetes and depression

Megha Thakur

Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health , Vol 4, Iss

A review with special focus on India

2015 Volume 4

Abstract: Diabetes, a psychologically challenging condition for the patients and their care givers, has been found to be a significant risk factor for depression. Depression may be a critical barrier to effective diabetes management. The accompanying fatigue ... ...

Abstract	Diabetes, a psychologically challenging condition for the patients and their care givers, has been found to be a significant risk factor for depression. Depression may be a critical barrier to effective diabetes management. The accompanying fatigue remarkably lowers the motivation for self-care, often leading to lowered physical and emotion well-being, poor markers of diabetes control, poor adherence to medication, and increased mortality among individuals with diabetes. A very small proportion of the diabetes patients with depression get diagnosed, and furthermore, only a handful of the ones diagnosed get treated for depression. Despite the fact that 80 percent of the people with type 2 diabetes reside in low and middle income countries, most of the evidence on diabetes and depression comes from high income countries. This review offers a summary of existing evidence and the potential gaps that need to be addressed.
Keywords	Diabetes Mellitus ; Mental Health ; Depression ; Diabetes Self-Care ; India ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Makhdoomi Printers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Diabetes and depression

Megha Thakur

Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health, Vol 4, Iss

A review with special focus on India

2015 Volume 4

Abstract	Diabetes, a psychologically challenging condition for the patients and their care givers, has been found to be a significant risk factor for depression. Depression may be a critical barrier to effective diabetes management. The accompanying fatigue remarkably lowers the motivation for self-care, often leading to lowered physical and emotion well-being, poor markers of diabetes control, poor adherence to medication, and increased mortality among individuals with diabetes. A very small proportion of the diabetes patients with depression get diagnosed, and furthermore, only a handful of the ones diagnosed get treated for depression. Despite the fact that 80 percent of the people with type 2 diabetes reside in low and middle income countries, most of the evidence on diabetes and depression comes from high income countries. This review offers a summary of existing evidence and the potential gaps that need to be addressed.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Makhdoomi Printers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Repurposing of artesunate, an antimalarial drug, as a potential inhibitor of hepatitis E virus.

Bhise, Neha / Agarwal, Megha / Thakur, Nidhi / Akshay, P S / Cherian, Sarah / Lole, Kavita

Archives of virology

2023 Volume 168, Issue 5, Page(s) 147

Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in several developing countries of Africa and Asia. It mainly causes self-limiting waterborne infections, in either sporadic or outbreak form. Recently, HEV was shown to cause chronic infections in immunosuppressed ... ...

Abstract	Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in several developing countries of Africa and Asia. It mainly causes self-limiting waterborne infections, in either sporadic or outbreak form. Recently, HEV was shown to cause chronic infections in immunosuppressed individuals. Ribavirin and interferon, the current off-label treatment options for hepatitis E, have several side effects. Hence, there is a need for new drugs. We evaluated the antimalarial drug artesunate (ART) against genotype 1 HEV (HEV-1) and HEV-3 using a virus-replicon-based cell culture system. ART exhibited 59% and 43% inhibition of HEV-1 and HEV-3, respectively, at the highest nontoxic concentration. Computational molecular docking analysis showed that ART can bind to the helicase active site (affinity score, -7.4 kcal/mol), indicating its potential to affect ATP hydrolysis activity. An in vitro ATPase activity assay of the helicase indeed showed 24% and 55% inhibition at 19.5 µM (EC
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Pregnancy ; Animals ; Humans ; Hepatitis E virus/genetics ; Artesunate/pharmacology ; Artesunate/therapeutic use ; Antimalarials/pharmacology ; Drug Repositioning ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Virus Replication ; Hepatitis E/drug therapy ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/genetics ; Adenosine Triphosphate
Chemical Substances	Artesunate (60W3249T9M) ; Antimalarials ; RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48) ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-28
Publishing country	Austria
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	7491-3
ISSN	1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
ISSN (online)	1432-8798
ISSN	0304-8608
DOI	10.1007/s00705-023-05770-1
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Article ; Online: Inducible Keratinocyte Specific FGFR2 Deficiency Inhibits UVB-Induced Signaling, Proliferation, Inflammation, and Skin Carcinogenesis.

Thakur, Megha / Rho, Okkyung / Khandelwal, Alok / Nathan, Cherie-Ann O / DiGiovanni, John

The Journal of investigative dermatology

2023 Volume 144, Issue 2, Page(s) 341–350.e7

Abstract: A potential role for fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) has been reported. To demonstrate the specific role of FGFR2 in UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis and development of cSCC, we generated a ... ...

Abstract	A potential role for fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) has been reported. To demonstrate the specific role of FGFR2 in UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis and development of cSCC, we generated a keratinocyte specific, tamoxifen inducible mouse model of FGFR2 deficiency. In this mouse model, topical application of 4-hydroxy tamoxifen led to the induction of Cre recombinase to delete FGFR2 in epidermal keratinocytes of both male and female transgenic mice. Analysis of epidermal protein lysates isolated from FGFR2 deficient mice exposed to UVB showed significant reductions of phospho-FGFR (pFGFR; Y653/654) and phospho-fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2α as well as downstream effectors of mTORC1 signaling. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activators of transcription 1/3 was significantly reduced as well as levels of IRF-1, DUSP6, early growth response 1, and PD-L1 compared to the control groups. Keratinocyte-specific ablation of FGFR2 also significantly inhibited epidermal hyperproliferation, hyperplasia, and inflammation after exposure to UVB. Finally, keratinocyte-specific deletion of FGFR2 significantly inhibited UVB-induced cSCC formation. Collectively, the current data demonstrate an important role of FGFR2 in UVB-induced oncogenic signaling as well as development of cSCC. In addition, the current preclinical findings suggest that inhibition of FGFR2 signaling may provide a previously unreported strategy to prevent and/or treat UVB-induced cSCC.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Carcinogenesis/genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Keratinocytes/metabolism ; Mice, Transgenic ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/genetics ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2/metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms/genetics ; Skin Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Tamoxifen ; Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Tamoxifen (094ZI81Y45) ; Fgfr2 protein, mouse (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80136-7
ISSN	1523-1747 ; 0022-202X
ISSN (online)	1523-1747
ISSN	0022-202X
DOI	10.1016/j.jid.2023.08.013
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