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Article ; Online: Determination of antibiotic resistance patterns and genotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from wild birds

Nejash A. Ahmed / Timur Gulhan

Microbiome, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2024 Volume 15

Abstract: Abstract Background Curbing the potential negative impact of antibiotic resistance, one of our era's growing global public health crises, requires regular monitoring of the resistance situations, including the reservoir of resistance genes. Wild birds, a ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Curbing the potential negative impact of antibiotic resistance, one of our era's growing global public health crises, requires regular monitoring of the resistance situations, including the reservoir of resistance genes. Wild birds, a possible bioindicator of antibiotic resistance, have been suggested to play a role in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of determining the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles of 100 Escherichia coli isolates of gull and pigeon origin by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and PCR. Furthermore, the genetic relationships of the isolates were determined by RAPD-PCR. Results Phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 63% (63/100) and 29% (29/100) of E. coli isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and multidrug-resistant (MDR), respectively. With the exception of cephalothin, to which the E. coli isolates were 100% susceptible, tetracycline (52%), kanamycin (38%), streptomycin (37%), ampicillin (28%), chloramphenicol (21%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (19%), gentamicin (13%), enrofloxacin (12%) and ciprofloxacin (12%) resistances were detected at varying degrees. Among the investigated resistance genes, tet(B) (66%), tet(A) (63%), aphA1 (48%), sul3 (34%), sul2 (26%), strA/strB (24%) and sul1 (16%) were detected. Regarding the genetic diversity of the isolates, the RAPD-PCR-based dendrograms divided both pigeon and gull isolates into five different clusters based on a 70% similarity threshold. Dendrogram analysis revealed 47–100% similarities among pigeon-origin strains and 40–100% similarities among gull-origin E.coli strains. Conclusions This study revealed that gulls and pigeons carry MDR E. coli isolates, which may pose a risk to animal and human health by contaminating the environment with their feces. However, a large-scale epidemiological study investigating the genetic relationship of the strains from a "one health" point of view is ...
Keywords	Antibiotic resistance ; E. coli ; Gull ; Pigeon ; RAPD-PCR ; Microbial ecology ; QR100-130
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Computationally assisted vibrational spectroscopy of nucleic acid bases. 2. Thymine.

Katsyuba, Sergey A / Burganov, Timur I

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

2024 Volume 309, Page(s) 123832

Abstract: As in the case of cytosine [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2023, 25, 24121-24128], Raman and infrared (IR) spectra of aqueous thymine and its N-deuterated derivative, thymine- ... ...

Abstract	As in the case of cytosine [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2023, 25, 24121-24128], Raman and infrared (IR) spectra of aqueous thymine and its N-deuterated derivative, thymine-d
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210413-1
ISSN	1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
ISSN (online)	1873-3557
ISSN	0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
DOI	10.1016/j.saa.2023.123832
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Article ; Online: Determination of antibiotic resistance patterns and genotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from wild birds.

Ahmed, Nejash A / Gulhan, Timur

Microbiome

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 8

Abstract: Background: Curbing the potential negative impact of antibiotic resistance, one of our era's growing global public health crises, requires regular monitoring of the resistance situations, including the reservoir of resistance genes. Wild birds, a ... ...

Abstract	Background: Curbing the potential negative impact of antibiotic resistance, one of our era's growing global public health crises, requires regular monitoring of the resistance situations, including the reservoir of resistance genes. Wild birds, a possible bioindicator of antibiotic resistance, have been suggested to play a role in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of determining the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles of 100 Escherichia coli isolates of gull and pigeon origin by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and PCR. Furthermore, the genetic relationships of the isolates were determined by RAPD-PCR. Results: Phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 63% (63/100) and 29% (29/100) of E. coli isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and multidrug-resistant (MDR), respectively. With the exception of cephalothin, to which the E. coli isolates were 100% susceptible, tetracycline (52%), kanamycin (38%), streptomycin (37%), ampicillin (28%), chloramphenicol (21%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (19%), gentamicin (13%), enrofloxacin (12%) and ciprofloxacin (12%) resistances were detected at varying degrees. Among the investigated resistance genes, tet(B) (66%), tet(A) (63%), aphA1 (48%), sul3 (34%), sul2 (26%), strA/strB (24%) and sul1 (16%) were detected. Regarding the genetic diversity of the isolates, the RAPD-PCR-based dendrograms divided both pigeon and gull isolates into five different clusters based on a 70% similarity threshold. Dendrogram analysis revealed 47-100% similarities among pigeon-origin strains and 40-100% similarities among gull-origin E.coli strains. Conclusions: This study revealed that gulls and pigeons carry MDR E. coli isolates, which may pose a risk to animal and human health by contaminating the environment with their feces. However, a large-scale epidemiological study investigating the genetic relationship of the strains from a "one health" point of view is warranted to determine the possible transmission patterns of antibiotic-resistant bacteria between wild birds, the environment, humans, and other hosts. Video Abstract.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique ; Birds ; Genotype ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Microbial
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Video-Audio Media ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2697425-3
ISSN	2049-2618 ; 2049-2618
ISSN (online)	2049-2618
ISSN	2049-2618
DOI	10.1186/s40168-023-01729-1
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Article ; Online: Low working memory reduces the use of mental contrasting.

Timur Sevincer, A / Schröder, Anne / Plakides, Alexander / Edler, Nils / Oettingen, Gabriele

Consciousness and cognition

2024 Volume 118, Page(s) 103644

Abstract: Mentally contrasting a desired future with reality is a self-regulation strategy that helps people effectively pursue important personal wishes. People with higher self-regulation skills are more likely to spontaneously use mental contrasting. Because ... ...

Abstract	Mentally contrasting a desired future with reality is a self-regulation strategy that helps people effectively pursue important personal wishes. People with higher self-regulation skills are more likely to spontaneously use mental contrasting. Because one central cognitive function underlying self-regulation is working memory capacity, we investigated whether people with low rather than high working memory capacity are less likely to spontaneously use mental contrasting. Study 1 provided correlational evidence that participants with lower working memory capacity, as measured by the Operation-Span Task, were less likely to use mental contrasting when elaborating an important interpersonal wish. Study 2 provided experimental evidence that manipulating low working memory capacity by inducing cognitive load (vs. no load) led fewer participants to use mental contrasting. The findings have theoretical implications by illuminating the processes that impede mental contrasting, and they have applied implications for understanding how to foster the use of mental contrasting in everyday life.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Cognition
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1106647-7
ISSN	1090-2376 ; 1053-8100
ISSN (online)	1090-2376
ISSN	1053-8100
DOI	10.1016/j.concog.2024.103644
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Article ; Online: The country’s land potential as a key factor in ensuring its food security

Papaskiri Timur V. / Lipski Stanislav A.

BIO Web of Conferences, Vol 82, p

Land management and legal aspect

2024 Volume 05006

Abstract: The article analyzes the state of the country’s land resources and land management measures to optimize their use for reliable food security. According to the results of the analysis, a number of problems that arose in the post-reform period were ... ...

Abstract	The article analyzes the state of the country’s land resources and land management measures to optimize their use for reliable food security. According to the results of the analysis, a number of problems that arose in the post-reform period were identified: unclaimed land shares and their allocation to independent consolidated plots, termination of processing of previously developed farmland, lack of proper land management support, including due to imperfect legislation. The prolonged consequences of these processes are still underestimated. The authors point out that land management measures and the need for their implementation are a necessary condition for successfully solving these problems.
Keywords	Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Physiology ; QP1-981 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Recovering fluorescence spectra hidden by scattering signal: In search of the best smoother.

Krylov, Ivan N / Labutin, Timur A

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

2023 Volume 293, Page(s) 122441

Abstract: Interpolation of the scattering areas in fluorescence excitation-emission matrices is a useful preprocessing method in fluorescence spectroscopy and data modelling. Commonly used row-by-row interpolation using piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating ... ...

Abstract	Interpolation of the scattering areas in fluorescence excitation-emission matrices is a useful preprocessing method in fluorescence spectroscopy and data modelling. Commonly used row-by-row interpolation using piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomials smoother (PCHIP), however, frequently leads to artifacts because it does not make any use of the information in the other dimension. We have suggested the way of constructing the penalty matrices for Whittaker smoothing that removed one of the main sources of difference between the axis of multiparametric signal - the grid step size - thus making it possible to reduce the number of parameters to optimize. We have compared Whittaker smoother with various surface interpolation methods, including LOESS, Kriging, multilevel B-spline approximation, and PCHIP for the purpose of data preprocessing before PARAFAC modelling of fluorescence signal on a model dataset. The two leaders by signal reconstruction and reconstruction of PARAFAC loadings are LOESS and Whittaker smoothing; the latter is additionally shown to have fundamentally interpretable parameters, which are easier to optimise for the whole dataset. Moreover, Whittaker keeps the shape of the signal and is resistant to variations in data structure and noise level that is very important in numerous applications. We also tested smoothers performance for Åsmund Rinnan fluorescence dataset and the high performance of Whittaker was proved. We can recommend the Whittaker smoothing as a perfect tool for interpolation of scattering areas in florescence spectra of seawaters with low signal-to-noise ratio.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210413-1
ISSN	1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
ISSN (online)	1873-3557
ISSN	0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
DOI	10.1016/j.saa.2023.122441
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Article ; Online: Effects of Filler Anisometry on the Mechanical Response of a Magnetoactive Elastomer Cell: A Single-Inclusion Modeling Approach.

Nadzharyan, Timur A / Kramarenko, Elena Yu

Polymers

2023 Volume 16, Issue 1

Abstract: A finite-element model of the mechanical response of a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) volume element is presented. Unit cells containing a single ferromagnetic inclusion with geometric and magnetic anisotropy are considered. The equilibrium state of the ... ...

Abstract	A finite-element model of the mechanical response of a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) volume element is presented. Unit cells containing a single ferromagnetic inclusion with geometric and magnetic anisotropy are considered. The equilibrium state of the cell is calculated using the finite-element method and cell energy minimization. The response of the cell to three different excitation modes is studied: inclusion rotation, inclusion translation, and uniaxial cell stress. The influence of the magnetic properties of the filler particles on the equilibrium state of the MAE cell is considered. The dependence of the mechanical response of the cell on the filler concentration and inclusion anisometry is calculated and analyzed. Optimal filler shapes for maximizing the magnetic response of the MAE are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527146-5
ISSN	2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
ISSN (online)	2073-4360
ISSN	2073-4360
DOI	10.3390/polym16010118
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Article ; Online: Computational analysis of the vibrational spectra and structure of aqueous cytosine.

Katsyuba, Sergey A / Burganov, Timur I

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

2023 Volume 25, Issue 35, Page(s) 24121–24128

Abstract: The recently developed efficient protocol for the explicit quantum mechanical modeling of the structure and IR spectra of liquids and solutions [ ... ...

Abstract	The recently developed efficient protocol for the explicit quantum mechanical modeling of the structure and IR spectra of liquids and solutions [Katsyuba
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476244-4
ISSN	1463-9084 ; 1463-9076
ISSN (online)	1463-9084
ISSN	1463-9076
DOI	10.1039/d3cp03059h
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Article ; Online: ‘The Chapters on Physics’ by Gregory Palamas

Timur A. Schukin

Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Seriâ 4. Istoriâ, Regionovedenie, Meždunarodnye Otnošeniâ, Vol 25, Iss 6, Pp 259-

Historical Context, the Motivation of the Author, Addressee

2020 Volume 273

Abstract: Introduction. In spite of the fact that major researchers of Gregory Palamas’ theology, Robert Sinkewicz and John Demetracopoulos, offered detailed explanations of when and for what ‘The chapters on physics’ of Gregory Palamas were written, it seems that ...

Abstract	Introduction. In spite of the fact that major researchers of Gregory Palamas’ theology, Robert Sinkewicz and John Demetracopoulos, offered detailed explanations of when and for what ‘The chapters on physics’ of Gregory Palamas were written, it seems that this issue was not finally resolved. Methods. This article, therefore, has two goals. The first is to answer the question why in ‘The chapters on physics’ the polemic against Barlaam and Akindynos, although it occupies a large part of the treatise, is presented as a part of the broader theological and philosophical program of Palamas, and what role does the cosmological part (1–14 chapters) play in the structure of the treatise. In the author’s opinion, such a statement of the question will allow us to understand what Gregory Palamas was guided by when writing the text. The second objective is to offer a social portrait of the addressee of this treatise, delivering some of representatives of the stratum on which the Palamas was oriented. Analysis. In answering the first question, special attention is paid to chapter 81 of the treatise, which, in the author’s opinion, reflects the intent of the entire text, namely, to demonstrate that the logic according to which something indivisible can be thought of as divisible without ceasing to be indivisible, works not only in the case of essence and energy, that is, in theology, but also in cosmology and anthropology. In answering the second question, the focus is on the figure of Matthew Kantakouzenos, who was at the time of writing the treatise in conflict with his father, emperor John VI Kantakouzenos, thereby causing discord in the political party, which at that time was a defender of the ideas of Hesychasm. It was Matthew Kantakouzenos, in the author’s opinion, or the social stratum behind him, who could be the recipients of the treatise. Results. The analysis of the treatise and its historical context shows that it was written largely for political reasons as a program text of Hesychasm, equipped with natural ...
Keywords	gregory palamas ; hesychasm ; essence and energy ; cosmology ; anthropology ; matthew kantakouzenos ; nicholas kabasilas ; nicephorus gregoras ; History of Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics ; DK1-4735 ; International relations ; JZ2-6530
Subject code	230
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Volgograd State University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Filler Anisometry on the Mechanical Response of a Magnetoactive Elastomer Cell

Timur A. Nadzharyan / Elena Yu. Kramarenko

Polymers, Vol 16, Iss 1, p

A Single-Inclusion Modeling Approach

2023 Volume 118

Abstract	A finite-element model of the mechanical response of a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) volume element is presented. Unit cells containing a single ferromagnetic inclusion with geometric and magnetic anisotropy are considered. The equilibrium state of the cell is calculated using the finite-element method and cell energy minimization. The response of the cell to three different excitation modes is studied: inclusion rotation, inclusion translation, and uniaxial cell stress. The influence of the magnetic properties of the filler particles on the equilibrium state of the MAE cell is considered. The dependence of the mechanical response of the cell on the filler concentration and inclusion anisometry is calculated and analyzed. Optimal filler shapes for maximizing the magnetic response of the MAE are discussed.
Keywords	magnetoactive elastomers ; magnetorheological elastomers ; theoretical modeling ; ferromagnetic filler ; stiffening effect ; magnetorheological effect ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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