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Book ; Online: Confocal Laser Microscopy

Lagali, Neil

Principles and Applications in Medicine, Biology, and the Food Sciences

2013

Keywords	Microscopy ; Industrial applications of scientific research & technological innovation
Language	English
Size	1 electronic resource (246 pages)
Publisher	IntechOpen
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English
HBZ-ID	HT030645673
ISBN	9789535142522 ; 9535142526
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article ; Online: Corneal Stromal Regeneration: Current Status and Future Therapeutic Potential.

Lagali, Neil

Current eye research

2019 Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 278–290

Abstract: The corneal stroma comprises 90% of the corneal thickness and is critical for the cornea's transparency and refractive function necessary for vision. When the corneal stroma is altered by disease, injury, or scarring, however, an irreversible loss of ... ...

Abstract	The corneal stroma comprises 90% of the corneal thickness and is critical for the cornea's transparency and refractive function necessary for vision. When the corneal stroma is altered by disease, injury, or scarring, however, an irreversible loss of transparency can occur. Corneal stromal pathology is the cause of millions of cases of blindness globally, and although corneal transplantation is the standard therapy, a severe global deficit of donor corneal tissue and eye banking infrastructure exists, and is unable to meet the overwhelming need. An alternative approach is to harness the endogenous regenerative ability of the corneal stroma, which exhibits self-renewal of the collagenous extracellular matrix under appropriate conditions. To mimic endogenous stromal regeneration, however, is a challenge. Unlike the corneal epithelium and endothelium, the corneal stroma is an exquisitely organized extracellular matrix containing stromal cells, proteoglycans and corneal nerves that is difficult to recapitulate in vitro. Nevertheless, much progress has recently been made in developing stromal equivalents, and in this review the most recent approaches to stromal regeneration therapy are described and discussed. Novel approaches for stromal regeneration include human or animal corneal and/or non-corneal tissue that is acellular or is decellularized and/or re-cellularized, acellular bioengineered stromal scaffolds, tissue adhesives, 3D bioprinting and stromal stem cell therapy. This review highlights the techniques and advances that have achieved first clinical use or are close to translation for eventual therapeutic application in repairing and regenerating the corneal stroma, while the potential of these novel therapies for achieving effective stromal regeneration is discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Corneal Diseases/pathology ; Corneal Diseases/physiopathology ; Corneal Diseases/surgery ; Corneal Stroma/pathology ; Corneal Stroma/physiopathology ; Corneal Transplantation/methods ; Humans ; Regeneration/physiology ; Stem Cell Transplantation/methods ; Tissue Engineering/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	82079-9
ISSN	1460-2202 ; 0271-3683
ISSN (online)	1460-2202
ISSN	0271-3683
DOI	10.1080/02713683.2019.1663874
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Retinal ganglion cell layer thickness and volume measured by OCT changes with age, sex, and axial length in a healthy population.

Al-Hawasi, Abbas / Lagali, Neil

BMC ophthalmology

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 278

Abstract: Background: The ganglion cell layer (GCL) measurements with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) are important for both ophthalmologists and neurologists because of their association with many ophthalmic and neurological diseases. Different factors can ... ...

Abstract	Background: The ganglion cell layer (GCL) measurements with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) are important for both ophthalmologists and neurologists because of their association with many ophthalmic and neurological diseases. Different factors can affect these measurements, such as brain pathologies, ocular axial length (AL) as well as age and sex. Studies conducted to measure the GCL have overlooked many of these factors. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of age, sex, and AL on normal retinal GCL thickness and volume in a healthy population without any neurological diseases. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was designed to measure GCL thickness and total volume with OCT with automated segmentation and manual correction where needed. Visual acuity, AL, and autorefraction were also measured. A mixed linear model was used to determine the association of the effect of the various parameters on the GCL thickness and volume. Results: One hundred and sixteen eyes of 60 subjects (12-76 years of age, 55% female) were examined of which 77% had 0 ± 2 D of spherical equivalent, and mean axial length was 23.86 mm. About 25% of the OCT-automated GCL measurements required manual correction. GCL thickness did not differ in similar anatomic regions in right and left eyes (P > 0.05). GCL volume was greater in males relative to females after adjustment for age and axial length (1.13 ± 0.07 mm Conclusion: Age, sex and axial length should be taken into consideration when measuring the GCL thickness and volume with OCT. Automated OCT segmentation should be reviewed for manual adjustments.
MeSH term(s)	Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Fibers/pathology ; Prospective Studies ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050436-6
ISSN	1471-2415 ; 1471-2415
ISSN (online)	1471-2415
ISSN	1471-2415
DOI	10.1186/s12886-022-02488-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: MAPK Pathways in Ocular Pathophysiology: Potential Therapeutic Drugs and Challenges.

Moustardas, Petros / Aberdam, Daniel / Lagali, Neil

Cells

2023 Volume 12, Issue 4

Abstract: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways represent ubiquitous cellular signal transduction pathways that regulate all aspects of life and are frequently altered in disease. Once activated through phosphorylation, these MAPKs in turn phosphorylate ...

Abstract	Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways represent ubiquitous cellular signal transduction pathways that regulate all aspects of life and are frequently altered in disease. Once activated through phosphorylation, these MAPKs in turn phosphorylate and activate transcription factors present either in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus, leading to the expression of target genes and, as a consequence, they elicit various biological responses. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive review focusing on the roles of MAPK signaling pathways in ocular pathophysiology and the potential to influence these for the treatment of eye diseases. We summarize the current knowledge of identified MAPK-targeting compounds in the context of ocular diseases such as macular degeneration, cataract, glaucoma and keratopathy, but also in rare ocular diseases where the cell differentiation, proliferation or migration are defective. Potential therapeutic interventions are also discussed. Additionally, we discuss challenges in overcoming the reported eye toxicity of some MAPK inhibitors.
MeSH term(s)	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Phosphorylation ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology
Chemical Substances	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells12040617
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Methods for evaluation of corneal nerve fibres in diabetes mellitus by in vivo confocal microscopy: a scoping review protocol.

Sandvik, Siv Aaseth / Sundling, Vibeke / Lagali, Neil

BMJ open

2023 Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) e070017

Abstract: Introduction: Globally, 422 million people have diabetes. Late complications of diabetes are blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke and lower limb amputation. The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy is 50% and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Globally, 422 million people have diabetes. Late complications of diabetes are blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke and lower limb amputation. The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy is 50% and 35%, respectively. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a rapid, non-invasive method to evaluate subbasal corneal nerve fibres, which are small fibres of the peripheral nervous system. Corneal nerve fibre changes can be a marker of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. There is currently no gold-standard procedure for IVCM imaging, image processing or quantitative analysis of the corneal nerve fibres in the subbasal plexus. This protocol describes a scoping review to map, summarise and critically evaluate current methods used with IVCM evaluation in people with diabetes mellitus. Methods: The scoping review will follow Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for scoping review. A comprehensive search of the literature will be conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy will include terms related to IVCM, diabetes and corneal nerve fibres. We will set inclusion and exclusion criteria prior to the search, and two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts independently. One reviewer will full text read eligible articles and chart data from the studies. A descriptive summary of the methods used in imaging, image processing and quantitative analysis of peripheral corneal nerve fibres by IVCM will be written. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required since this is a scoping review based on previously published articles. The findings will be published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetic Neuropathies/diagnostic imaging ; Cornea/diagnostic imaging ; Cornea/innervation ; Research Design ; Nerve Fibers ; Microscopy, Confocal/methods ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Review Literature as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070017
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Longitudinal Optical Coherence Tomography Measurement of Retinal Ganglion Cell and Nerve Fiber Layer to Assess Benign Course in Multiple Sclerosis.

Al-Hawasi, Abbas / Lagali, Neil / Fagerholm, Per / Huang-Link, Yumin

Journal of clinical medicine

2023 Volume 12, Issue 6

Abstract: A benign form of multiple sclerosis (BMS) is not easily diagnosed, but changes of the retinal ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) may be sensitive to the disease. The aim of this study was to use ... ...

Abstract	A benign form of multiple sclerosis (BMS) is not easily diagnosed, but changes of the retinal ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) may be sensitive to the disease. The aim of this study was to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate longitudinal changes of GCL-IPL and RNFL in BMS. Eighteen patients with BMS and 22 healthy control (HC) subjects were included, with a mean follow-up period of 32.1 months in BMS and 34.3 months in HC. Mean disease duration in BMS was 23.3 years, with 14 patients left untreated. Unilateral optic neuritis (ON) was found in eight patients. Non-ON eyes showed thinner GCL-IPL layer in the BMS group relative to HC (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12062240
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Methods for evaluation of corneal nerve fibres in diabetes mellitus by in vivo confocal microscopy

Neil Lagali / Vibeke Sundling / Siv Aaseth Sandvik

BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

a scoping review protocol

2023 Volume 4

Abstract: Introduction Globally, 422 million people have diabetes. Late complications of diabetes are blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke and lower limb amputation. The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy is 50% and 35% ...

Abstract	Introduction Globally, 422 million people have diabetes. Late complications of diabetes are blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke and lower limb amputation. The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy is 50% and 35%, respectively. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a rapid, non-invasive method to evaluate subbasal corneal nerve fibres, which are small fibres of the peripheral nervous system. Corneal nerve fibre changes can be a marker of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. There is currently no gold-standard procedure for IVCM imaging, image processing or quantitative analysis of the corneal nerve fibres in the subbasal plexus. This protocol describes a scoping review to map, summarise and critically evaluate current methods used with IVCM evaluation in people with diabetes mellitus.Methods The scoping review will follow Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for scoping review. A comprehensive search of the literature will be conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy will include terms related to IVCM, diabetes and corneal nerve fibres. We will set inclusion and exclusion criteria prior to the search, and two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts independently. One reviewer will full text read eligible articles and chart data from the studies. A descriptive summary of the methods used in imaging, image processing and quantitative analysis of peripheral corneal nerve fibres by IVCM will be written.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required since this is a scoping review based on previously published articles. The findings will be published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	028
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMJ Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Surgery for Implantation of Bioengineered Corneal Stroma to Promote Corneal Regeneration.

Lagali, Neil / Rafat, Mehrdad

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2020 Volume 2145, Page(s) 197–214

Abstract: The femtosecond laser has achieved widespread use in ophthalmology owing to its ability to deliver focused high energy that is rapidly dissipated and thereby does not damage surrounding tissue outside the precise focal region. Extremely accurate and ... ...

Abstract	The femtosecond laser has achieved widespread use in ophthalmology owing to its ability to deliver focused high energy that is rapidly dissipated and thereby does not damage surrounding tissue outside the precise focal region. Extremely accurate and smooth cuts can be made by the laser, enabling a range of applications in anterior segment surgery. Minimally invasive corneal surgical procedures can be performed using the femtosecond laser, and here we describe the application of such procedures to improve implantation of bioengineered materials into the cornea. Bioengineered corneal tissue, including the collagenous corneal stroma, promises to provide a virtually unlimited supply of biocompatible tissue for treating multiple causes of corneal blindness globally, thereby circumventing problems of donor tissue shortages and access to tissue banking infrastructure. Optimal implantation of bioengineered materials, however, is required, in order to facilitate postoperative wound healing for the maintenance of corneal transparency and avoidance of postoperative complications such as scarring, inflammation, and neovascularization. Moreover, the avoidance of a detrimental physiological physiological wound healing response is critical for facilitating the corneal stromal regeneration enabled by the bioengineered stroma. Without proper implantation, the tissue response will favor inflammation and pathologic processes instead of quiescent keratocyte migration and new collagen production. Here we describe several procedures for optimized biomaterial implantation into the corneal stroma, that facilitate rapid wound healing and regenerative restoration of corneal transparency without the use of human donor tissue. A step-by-step methodology is provided for the use of the femtosecond laser and associated techniques, to enable seamless integration of bioengineered materials into the corneal stroma.
MeSH term(s)	Bioengineering/methods ; Cornea/growth & development ; Cornea/pathology ; Corneal Stroma/growth & development ; Corneal Stroma/pathology ; Corneal Stroma/transplantation ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Regeneration/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-0716-0599-8_14
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Authors' response to letter to the editor: Congenital aniridia - a comprehensive review of clinical features and therapeutic approach.

Landsend, Erlend C S / Lagali, Neil / Utheim, Tor P

Survey of ophthalmology

2021 Volume 67, Issue 2, Page(s) 629–630

MeSH term(s)	Aniridia/therapy ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	391346-6
ISSN	1879-3304 ; 0039-6257
ISSN (online)	1879-3304
ISSN	0039-6257
DOI	10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.11.001
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Article ; Online: Longitudinal Optical Coherence Tomography Measurement of Retinal Ganglion Cell and Nerve Fiber Layer to Assess Benign Course in Multiple Sclerosis

Abbas Al-Hawasi / Neil Lagali / Per Fagerholm / Yumin Huang-Link

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 2240, p

2023 Volume 2240

Abstract	A benign form of multiple sclerosis (BMS) is not easily diagnosed, but changes of the retinal ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) may be sensitive to the disease. The aim of this study was to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate longitudinal changes of GCL-IPL and RNFL in BMS. Eighteen patients with BMS and 22 healthy control (HC) subjects were included, with a mean follow-up period of 32.1 months in BMS and 34.3 months in HC. Mean disease duration in BMS was 23.3 years, with 14 patients left untreated. Unilateral optic neuritis (ON) was found in eight patients. Non-ON eyes showed thinner GCL-IPL layer in the BMS group relative to HC ( p < 0.001). The thinning rate of GCL-IPL in non-ON BMS, however, was −0.19 ± 0.15 µm/year vs. 0 ± 0.11 µm/year for HC ( p = 0.573, age-adjusted). Thinning rate of RNFL in non-ON BMS was −0.2 ± 0.27 µm/year vs. −0.05 ± 0.3 µm/year for HC ( p = 0.454, age adjusted). Conclusions: Thinning rate of the GCL-IPL and RNFL in BMS is similar to the healthy population but differs from the thinning rate in relapsing-remitting MS, presenting a non-invasive OCT-based criterion for assessing a benign course in multiple sclerosis.
Keywords	retinal ganglion cell ; retinal nerve fiber layer ; ganglion cell complex ; multiple sclerosis ; benign multiple sclerosis ; optical coherence tomography ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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