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  1. Article ; Online: Black Lives Matter protests and COVID-19 cases: relationship in two databases.

    Neyman, Gregory / Dalsey, William

    Journal of public health (Oxford, England)

    2020  Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 225–227

    Abstract: Background: The coincidence of Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests with the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA has raised concerns about the safety of mass gatherings for political causes. This study examines two databases to probe any correlation between ... ...

    Abstract Background: The coincidence of Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests with the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA has raised concerns about the safety of mass gatherings for political causes. This study examines two databases to probe any correlation between protests and increases of COVID-19 case rates afterward.
    Methods: A BLM protest aggregator and a county-level COVID-19 database were crosswalked, matching the city that the protest occurred in with the county and its case rates at 0, 1, 2 and 3 weeks after the index protest, and was compared with a control county in the same state with the nearest match of population size and case rate at Week 0.
    Results: In the 22 days after the killing of George Floyd, there were 326 counties participating in 868 protests, attended by an estimated 757 077 protestors. The median case rate at Week 3 was 0.0049 in protest counties versus 0.0041 in control counties, which was found to be statistically significant. Regression analysis found that each individual protestor contributed to the case rate by 7.65 × 10-9, which was not statistically significant.
    Conclusion: Although the increase was statistically significant, it was very small in magnitude and likely due to limitations of significantly different population sizes in comparators.
    MeSH term(s) African Americans ; COVID-19 ; Cities ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2142082-8
    ISSN 1741-3850 ; 1741-3842
    ISSN (online) 1741-3850
    ISSN 1741-3842
    DOI 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa212
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Effect of Tight Glycemic Control on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    McVean, Jennifer / Forlenza, Gregory P / Beck, Roy W / Bauza, Colleen / Bailey, Ryan / Buckingham, Bruce / DiMeglio, Linda A / Sherr, Jennifer L / Clements, Mark / Neyman, Anna / Evans-Molina, Carmella / Sims, Emily K / Messer, Laurel H / Ekhlaspour, Laya / McDonough, Ryan / Van Name, Michelle / Rojas, Diana / Beasley, Shannon / DuBose, Stephanie /
    Kollman, Craig / Moran, Antoinette

    JAMA

    2023  Volume 329, Issue 12, Page(s) 980–989

    Abstract: Importance: Near normalization of glucose levels instituted immediately after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes has been postulated to preserve pancreatic beta cell function by reducing glucotoxicity. Previous studies have been hampered by an inability to ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Near normalization of glucose levels instituted immediately after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes has been postulated to preserve pancreatic beta cell function by reducing glucotoxicity. Previous studies have been hampered by an inability to achieve tight glycemic goals.
    Objective: To determine the effectiveness of intensive diabetes management to achieve near normalization of glucose levels on preservation of pancreatic beta cell function in youth with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
    Design, setting, and participants: This randomized, double-blind, clinical trial was conducted at 6 centers in the US (randomizations from July 20, 2020, to October 13, 2021; follow-up completed September 15, 2022) and included youths with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes aged 7 to 17 years.
    Interventions: Random assignment to intensive diabetes management, which included use of an automated insulin delivery system (n = 61), or standard care, which included use of a continuous glucose monitor (n = 52), as part of a factorial design in which participants weighing 30 kg or more also were assigned to receive either oral verapamil or placebo.
    Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was mixed-meal tolerance test-stimulated C-peptide area under the curve (a measure of pancreatic beta cell function) 52 weeks from diagnosis.
    Results: Among 113 participants (mean [SD] age, 11.8 [2.8] years; 49 females [43%]; mean [SD] time from diagnosis to randomization, 24 [5] days), 108 (96%) completed the trial. The mean C-peptide area under the curve decreased from 0.57 pmol/mL at baseline to 0.45 pmol/mL at 52 weeks in the intensive management group, and from 0.60 to 0.50 pmol/mL in the standard care group (treatment group difference, -0.01 [95% CI, -0.11 to 0.10]; P = .89). The mean time in the target range of 70 to 180 mg/dL, measured with continuous glucose monitoring, at 52 weeks was 78% in the intensive management group vs 64% in the standard care group (adjusted difference, 16% [95% CI, 10% to 22%]). One severe hypoglycemia event and 1 diabetic ketoacidosis event occurred in each group.
    Conclusions and relevance: In youths with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, intensive diabetes management, which included automated insulin delivery, achieved excellent glucose control but did not affect the decline in pancreatic C-peptide secretion at 52 weeks.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04233034.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects ; Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage ; Blood Glucose/drug effects ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects ; C-Peptide/pharmacology ; C-Peptide/therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Glycemic Control ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Insulin/adverse effects ; Insulin/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Hypoglycemic Agents ; Blood Glucose ; C-Peptide ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Insulin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2023.2063
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Effect of Verapamil on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Forlenza, Gregory P / McVean, Jennifer / Beck, Roy W / Bauza, Colleen / Bailey, Ryan / Buckingham, Bruce / DiMeglio, Linda A / Sherr, Jennifer L / Clements, Mark / Neyman, Anna / Evans-Molina, Carmella / Sims, Emily K / Messer, Laurel H / Ekhlaspour, Laya / McDonough, Ryan / Van Name, Michelle / Rojas, Diana / Beasley, Shannon / DuBose, Stephanie /
    Kollman, Craig / Moran, Antoinette

    JAMA

    2023  Volume 329, Issue 12, Page(s) 990–999

    Abstract: Importance: In preclinical studies, thioredoxin-interacting protein overexpression induces pancreatic beta cell apoptosis and is involved in glucotoxicity-induced beta cell death. Calcium channel blockers reduce these effects and may be beneficial to ... ...

    Abstract Importance: In preclinical studies, thioredoxin-interacting protein overexpression induces pancreatic beta cell apoptosis and is involved in glucotoxicity-induced beta cell death. Calcium channel blockers reduce these effects and may be beneficial to beta cell preservation in type 1 diabetes.
    Objective: To determine the effect of verapamil on pancreatic beta cell function in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
    Design, setting, and participants: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial including children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes who weighed 30 kg or greater was conducted at 6 centers in the US (randomized participants between July 20, 2020, and October 13, 2021) and follow-up was completed on September 15, 2022.
    Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to once-daily oral verapamil (n = 47) or placebo (n = 41) as part of a factorial design in which participants also were assigned to receive either intensive diabetes management or standard diabetes care.
    Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was area under the curve values for C-peptide level (a measure of pancreatic beta cell function) stimulated by a mixed-meal tolerance test at 52 weeks from diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.
    Results: Among 88 participants (mean age, 12.7 [SD, 2.4] years; 36 were female [41%]; and the mean time from diagnosis to randomization was 24 [SD, 4] days), 83 (94%) completed the trial. In the verapamil group, the mean C-peptide area under the curve was 0.66 pmol/mL at baseline and 0.65 pmol/mL at 52 weeks compared with 0.60 pmol/mL at baseline and 0.44 pmol/mL at 52 weeks in the placebo group (adjusted between-group difference, 0.14 pmol/mL [95% CI, 0.01 to 0.27 pmol/mL]; P = .04). This equates to a 30% higher C-peptide level at 52 weeks with verapamil. The percentage of participants with a 52-week peak C-peptide level of 0.2 pmol/mL or greater was 95% (41 of 43 participants) in the verapamil group vs 71% (27 of 38 participants) in the placebo group. At 52 weeks, hemoglobin A1c was 6.6% in the verapamil group vs 6.9% in the placebo group (adjusted between-group difference, -0.3% [95% CI, -1.0% to 0.4%]). Eight participants (17%) in the verapamil group and 8 participants (20%) in the placebo group had a nonserious adverse event considered to be related to treatment.
    Conclusions and relevance: In children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, verapamil partially preserved stimulated C-peptide secretion at 52 weeks from diagnosis compared with placebo. Further studies are needed to determine the longitudinal durability of C-peptide improvement and the optimal length of therapy.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04233034.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Female ; Male ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; C-Peptide/metabolism ; C-Peptide/pharmacology ; C-Peptide/therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Verapamil/adverse effects ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Hypoglycemic Agents ; C-Peptide ; Verapamil (CJ0O37KU29)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2958-0
    ISSN 1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    ISSN (online) 1538-3598
    ISSN 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
    DOI 10.1001/jama.2023.2064
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.88: Show issues Location:
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