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  1. Article: [Basic information of Coronavirus].

    Kamitani, Wataru

    Uirusu

    2021  Volume 70, Issue 1, Page(s) 29–36

    Abstract: Coronaviruses are pathogens that infect many of animals, resulting in respiratory or enteric diseases. Coronaviruses constitute Nidovirales together with Arteriviridae. Most of human coronaviruses are known to cause mild illness and common cold. However, ...

    Abstract Coronaviruses are pathogens that infect many of animals, resulting in respiratory or enteric diseases. Coronaviruses constitute Nidovirales together with Arteriviridae. Most of human coronaviruses are known to cause mild illness and common cold. However, an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in 2002, ten years after SARS epidemic Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) emerged in 2012. Now, we face on a novel coronavirus which emerges in end of 2019. This novel coronavirus is named as SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 is spread to worldwide within one to two months and causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respiratory illness. Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses possessing a positive-sense and large single stranded RNA genomes. The 5' two-thirds of the CoV genome consists of two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs 1a and 1b) that encode non-structural proteins (nsps). The other one-third of the genome consists of ORFs encoding structural proteins, including spike (S), membrane (M), envelope (E) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins, and accessory proteins. Upon infection of CoV into host cells, the translation of two precursor polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, occurs and these polyproteins are cleaved into 16 nsps by viral proteases. Structural proteins assemble to the vesicles located from ER to Golgi (ER Golgiintermediate compartment) and virions bud into the vesicles. Virions are released from infectedcells via exocytosis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; COVID-19/virology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Genome, Viral/genetics ; Golgi Apparatus/metabolism ; Humans ; Open Reading Frames ; Polyproteins/metabolism ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Viral Proteases ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Viral Structural Proteins/metabolism ; Virion
    Chemical Substances Polyproteins ; RNA, Viral ; Viral Proteins ; Viral Structural Proteins ; Viral Proteases (EC 3.4.-)
    Language Japanese
    Publishing date 2021-05-06
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 603272-2
    ISSN 0042-6857
    ISSN 0042-6857
    DOI 10.2222/jsv.70.29
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Article: Nonstructural proteins of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)

    Kamitani, Wataru

    Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society

    Abstract: Abstract Coronaviruses (CoVs) are pathogens that infect a large variety of vertebrate animals, resulting in mainly respiratory and enteric diseases An epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in China in 2002, and the causative agent ...

    Abstract Abstract Coronaviruses (CoVs) are pathogens that infect a large variety of vertebrate animals, resulting in mainly respiratory and enteric diseases An epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in China in 2002, and the causative agent was designated as SARS-CoV Ten years after the SARS outbreak, another highly pathogenic human CoV, designated as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, emerged in Saudi Arabia Now, we faces on an epidemic of Novel coronavirus, (SARS-CoV-2) The nonstructural protein (nsp) 1 of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are the most studied among CoVs and are known to inhibit host gene expression by translational shutoff and host mRNA degradation This two-pronged strategy of nsp1 inhibits expression of the IFN gene Murine models of SARS-CoV have revealed that the dysregulated type I IFN response is a key factor for inducing lethal pneumonia These accumulated data indicate that the nsp1 of CoV is a major virulence factor We speculate that the nsp1 of SARS-CoV-2 has similar function to SARS and MERS-CoV
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #9002
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article ; Online: Establishment of a new reverse genetics system for respiratory syncytial virus under the control of RNA polymerase II.

    Takahashi, Tatsuki / Ueno, Shiori / Sugiura, Yoshiro / Shimizu, Kenta / Kamitani, Wataru

    Microbiology and immunology

    2023  Volume 67, Issue 9, Page(s) 413–421

    Abstract: A reverse genetics system for the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which causes acute respiratory illness, is an effective tool for understanding the pathogenicity of RSV. To date, a method dependent on T7 RNA polymerase is commonly used for RSV. ... ...

    Abstract A reverse genetics system for the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which causes acute respiratory illness, is an effective tool for understanding the pathogenicity of RSV. To date, a method dependent on T7 RNA polymerase is commonly used for RSV. Although this method is well established and recombinant RSV is well rescued from transfected cells, the requirement for artificial supply of T7 RNA polymerase limits its application. To overcome this, we established a reverse genetics system dependent on RNA polymerase II, which is more convenient for the recovery of recombinant viruses from various cell lines. First, we identified human cell lines with high transfection efficiency in which RSV can replicate effectively. Two human cell lines, Huh-7 and 293T, permitted the propagation of recombinant green fluorescent protein-expressing RSV. Our minigenome system revealed that efficient transcription and replication of RSV occurred in both Huh-7 and 293T cells. We then confirmed that recombinant green fluorescent protein-expressing RSV was rescued in both Huh-7 and 293T cells. Furthermore, the growth capability of viruses rescued from Huh-7 and 293T cells was similar to that of recombinant RSV rescued using the conventional method. Thus, we succeeded in establishing a new reverse genetics system for RSV that is dependent on RNA polymerase II.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; RNA Polymerase II/genetics ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Reverse Genetics ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics ; Transfection ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; Virus Replication
    Chemical Substances RNA Polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.-) ; Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-09
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 224792-6
    ISSN 1348-0421 ; 0385-5600
    ISSN (online) 1348-0421
    ISSN 0385-5600
    DOI 10.1111/1348-0421.13088
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Eight-amino-acid sequence at the N-terminus of SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 is involved in stabilizing viral genome replication.

    Ueno, Shiori / Amarbayasgalan, Sodbayasgalan / Sugiura, Yoshiro / Takahashi, Tatsuki / Shimizu, Kenta / Nakagawa, Keisuke / Kawabata-Iwakawa, Reika / Kamitani, Wataru

    Virology

    2024  Volume 595, Page(s) 110068

    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) enveloped virus with a single-stranded positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) genome. The CoV non-structural protein (nsp) 1 is a multifunctional protein that ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease 19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) enveloped virus with a single-stranded positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) genome. The CoV non-structural protein (nsp) 1 is a multifunctional protein that undergoes translation shutoff, messenger RNA (mRNA) cleavage, and RNA binding. The C-terminal region is involved in translational shutoff and RNA cleavage. The N-terminal region of SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 is highly conserved among isolated SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, the I-004 variant, isolated during the early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, lost eight amino acids in the nsp1 region. In this study, we showed that the eight amino acids are important for viral replication in infected interferon-incompetent cells and that the recombinant virus that lost these amino acids had low pathogenicity in the lungs of hamster models. The loss of eight amino acids-induced mutations occurred in the 5' untranslated region (UTR), suggesting that nsp1 contributes to the stability of the viral genome during replication.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200425-2
    ISSN 1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
    ISSN (online) 1096-0341
    ISSN 0042-6822
    DOI 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110068
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: A Macroporous Magnesium Oxide-Templated Carbon Adsorbs Shiga Toxins and Type III Secretory Proteins in Enterohemorrhagic

    Hirakawa, Hidetada / Suzue, Kazutomo / Uchida, Motoyuki / Takita, Ayako / Kamitani, Wataru / Tomita, Haruyoshi

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 883689

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Enterohemorrhagic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883689
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Roles of OmpX, an Outer Membrane Protein, on Virulence and Flagellar Expression in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

    Hirakawa, Hidetada / Suzue, Kazutomo / Takita, Ayako / Kamitani, Wataru / Tomita, Haruyoshi

    Infection and immunity

    2021  Volume 89, Issue 6

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Uropathogenic
    MeSH term(s) Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Biofilms ; Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Flagella/genetics ; Flagella/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Humans ; Hydrolases/genetics ; Hydrolases/metabolism ; Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology ; Uropathogenic Escherichia coli/genetics ; Uropathogenic Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Virulence/genetics ; Virulence Factors/genetics
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; Virulence Factors ; OmpX protein, E coli (134632-13-6) ; Hydrolases (EC 3.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218698-6
    ISSN 1098-5522 ; 0019-9567
    ISSN (online) 1098-5522
    ISSN 0019-9567
    DOI 10.1128/IAI.00721-20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 684: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Single Amino Acid Substitution in the Receptor Binding Domain of Spike Protein Is Sufficient To Convert the Neutralization Profile between Ethiopian and Middle Eastern Isolates of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus.

    Sugimoto, Satoko / Kakizaki, Masatoshi / Kawase, Miyuki / Kawachi, Kengo / Ujike, Makoto / Kamitani, Wataru / Sentsui, Hiroshi / Shirato, Kazuya

    Microbiology spectrum

    2023  , Page(s) e0459022

    Abstract: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic virus that causes MERS, which is endemic in the Middle East. The absence of human cases in Africa despite the presence of MERS-CoV suggests virological differences between MERS-CoVs in ...

    Abstract Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic virus that causes MERS, which is endemic in the Middle East. The absence of human cases in Africa despite the presence of MERS-CoV suggests virological differences between MERS-CoVs in Africa and the Middle East. In fact, in the laboratory, recombinant MERS-CoV carrying the spike (S) protein of Ethiopian isolates exhibits attenuated properties, being more easily neutralized and replicating slower than viruses carrying the S protein of Middle Eastern isolate, EMC. In this study, to identify the amino acids that define the different virological features between Ethiopian and Middle Eastern MERS-CoVs, neutralization titers and viral replication were evaluated using recombinant MERS-CoVs carrying amino acid substitution(s) in the S protein. A single amino acid difference introduced into the receptor binding domain was sufficient to reverse the difference in the neutralizing properties of the S protein between Ethiopian and Middle Eastern MERS-CoVs. Furthermore, amino acid mutations in the S1 and S2 regions of S protein were collectively involved in slow viral replication. Since even a single amino acid difference in S protein can reverse the viral properties of MERS-CoV, it should be noted that multiple mutations may induce a significant change. Careful monitoring of genetic alterations in MERS-CoVs in Africa is therefore required to detect the emergence of virulent strains generated by a few genetic differences.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.04590-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Reverse Genetics with a Full-Length Infectious cDNA Clone of Bovine Torovirus.

    Ujike, Makoto / Etoh, Yuka / Urushiyama, Naoya / Taguchi, Fumihiro / Asanuma, Hideki / Enjuanes, Luis / Kamitani, Wataru

    Journal of virology

    2021  Volume 96, Issue 3, Page(s) e0156121

    Abstract: Historically part of the coronavirus (CoV) family, torovirus (ToV) was recently classified in the new ... ...

    Abstract Historically part of the coronavirus (CoV) family, torovirus (ToV) was recently classified in the new family
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/virology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Genes, Reporter ; Genome, Viral ; Hemagglutinins, Viral/genetics ; Hemagglutinins, Viral/metabolism ; Mutation ; Plasmids/genetics ; Reverse Genetics ; Torovirus/genetics ; Torovirus/isolation & purification ; Torovirus Infections ; Transfection
    Chemical Substances DNA, Complementary ; Hemagglutinins, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80174-4
    ISSN 1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
    ISSN (online) 1098-5514
    ISSN 0022-538X
    DOI 10.1128/JVI.01561-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Characterization of Localization and Export Signals of Bovine Torovirus Nucleocapsid Protein Responsible for Extensive Nuclear and Nucleolar Accumulation and Their Importance for Virus Growth.

    Ujike, Makoto / Kawachi, Yukako / Matsunaga, Yui / Etho, Yuka / Asanuma, Hideki / Kamitani, Wataru / Taguchi, Fumihiro

    Journal of virology

    2021  Volume 95, Issue 3

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Torovirus
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleolus/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nuclear Export Signals ; Nuclear Localization Signals ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/chemistry ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/genetics ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Torovirus/growth & development ; Torovirus/metabolism ; Torovirus/physiology ; Virus Replication/genetics
    Chemical Substances Nuclear Export Signals ; Nuclear Localization Signals ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80174-4
    ISSN 1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
    ISSN (online) 1098-5514
    ISSN 0022-538X
    DOI 10.1128/JVI.02111-20
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  10. Article: Adsorption of Phenazines Produced by

    Hirakawa, Hidetada / Takita, Ayako / Uchida, Motoyuki / Kaneko, Yuka / Kakishima, Yuto / Tanimoto, Koichi / Kamitani, Wataru / Tomita, Haruyoshi

    Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 4

    Abstract: AST-120 (Kremezin) is used to treat progressive chronic kidney disease by adsorbing uremic toxin precursors produced by the gut microbiota, such as indole and phenols. Previously, we found that AST-120 decreased drug tolerance and virulence ... ...

    Abstract AST-120 (Kremezin) is used to treat progressive chronic kidney disease by adsorbing uremic toxin precursors produced by the gut microbiota, such as indole and phenols. Previously, we found that AST-120 decreased drug tolerance and virulence in
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2681345-2
    ISSN 2079-6382
    ISSN 2079-6382
    DOI 10.3390/antibiotics10040434
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