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  1. Article: Natural and experimental Borna disease virus infections--neuropathology and pathogenetic considerations.

    Gosztonyi, Georg

    APMIS. Supplementum

    2008  , Issue 124, Page(s) 53–57

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Borna Disease/metabolism ; Borna Disease/pathology ; Borna Disease/virology ; Borna disease virus/chemistry ; Borna disease virus/pathogenicity ; Central Nervous System/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/pathology ; Central Nervous System/virology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve Degeneration/pathology ; Rats ; Receptors, Kainic Acid/metabolism ; Staining and Labeling ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Virulence
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Kainic Acid ; Viral Proteins ; p24 protein, Borna disease virus (146209-77-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-09-03
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 0903-465X
    ISSN 0903-465X
    DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.000m8.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Obesity induced by Borna disease virus in rats: key roles of hypothalamic fast-acting neurotransmitters and inflammatory infiltrates.

    Gosztonyi, Georg / Ludwig, Hanns / Bode, Liv / Kao, Moujahed / Sell, Manfred / Petrusz, Peter / Halász, Béla

    Brain structure & function

    2020  Volume 225, Issue 5, Page(s) 1459–1482

    Abstract: Human obesity epidemic is increasing worldwide with major adverse consequences on health. Among other possible causes, the hypothesis of an infectious contribution is worth it to be considered. Here, we report on an animal model of virus-induced obesity ... ...

    Abstract Human obesity epidemic is increasing worldwide with major adverse consequences on health. Among other possible causes, the hypothesis of an infectious contribution is worth it to be considered. Here, we report on an animal model of virus-induced obesity which might help to better understand underlying processes in human obesity. Eighty Wistar rats, between 30 and 60 days of age, were intracerebrally inoculated with Borna disease virus (BDV-1), a neurotropic negative-strand RNA virus infecting an unusually broad host spectrum including humans. Half of the rats developed fatal encephalitis, while the other half, after 3-4 months, continuously gained weight. At tripled weights, rats were sacrificed by trans-cardial fixative perfusion. Neuropathology revealed prevailing inflammatory infiltrates in the median eminence (ME), progressive degeneration of neurons of the paraventricular nucleus, the entorhinal cortex and the amygdala, and a strikingly high-grade involution of the hippocampus with hydrocephalus. Immune histology revealed that major BDV-1 antigens were preferentially present at glutamatergic receptor sites, while GABAergic areas remained free from BDV-1. Virus-induced suppression of the glutamatergic system caused GABAergic predominance. In the hypothalamus, this shifted the energy balance to the anabolic appetite-stimulating side governed by GABA, allowing for excessive fat accumulation in obese rats. Furthermore, inflammatory infiltrates in the ME and ventro-medial arcuate nucleus hindered free access of appetite-suppressing hormones leptin and insulin. The hormone transport system in hypothalamic areas outside the ME became blocked by excessively produced leptin, leading to leptin resistance. The resulting hyperleptinemic milieu combined with suppressed glutamatergic mechanisms was a characteristic feature of the found metabolic pathology. In conclusion, the study provided clear evidence that BDV-1 induced obesity in the rat model is the result of interdependent structural and functional metabolic changes. They can be explained by an immunologically induced hypothalamic microcirculation-defect, combined with a disturbance of neurotransmitter regulatory systems. The proposed mechanism may also have implications for human health. BDV-1 infection has been frequently found in depressive patients. Independently, comorbidity between depression and obesity has been reported, either. Future studies should address the exciting question of whether BDV-1 infection could be a link, whatsoever, between these two conditions.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Borna Disease/complications ; Borna Disease/metabolism ; Borna Disease/pathology ; Borna disease virus/physiology ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/virology ; Encephalitis, Viral/pathology ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Hypothalamus/pathology ; Hypothalamus/virology ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neurons/pathology ; Neurons/virology ; Neuropeptides/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Obesity/pathology ; Obesity/virology ; Rats, Wistar
    Chemical Substances Neuropeptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-11
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2273162-3
    ISSN 1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
    ISSN (online) 1863-2661
    ISSN 1863-2653
    DOI 10.1007/s00429-020-02063-0
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  3. Article: [On the symptomatology and fibrous anatomy of the mesencephalon. A case of anatomically verified ipsilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia with contralateral oculoparalysis].

    GOSZTONYI, G

    Archiv fur Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, vereinigt mit Zeitschrift fur die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie

    2003  Volume 202, Page(s) 463–480

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mesencephalon/pathology ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Ophthalmoplegia/pathology
    Language German
    Publishing date 2003-08-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    DOI 10.1007/bf00342109
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Stephan Környey's contribution to the study of encephalitides.

    Gosztonyi, Georg

    Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek

    2003  Volume 48, Issue 1-4, Page(s) 77–91

    Abstract: A considerable part of Környey's work deals with the problem of encephalitides. HIs interest in this topic was roused by Heinrich Pette and in collaboration they studied the histopathology and pathogenesis of experimental and human poliomyelitis. On the ... ...

    Abstract A considerable part of Környey's work deals with the problem of encephalitides. HIs interest in this topic was roused by Heinrich Pette and in collaboration they studied the histopathology and pathogenesis of experimental and human poliomyelitis. On the basis of their findings they advocated the neural spread of the poliomyelitis virus. THey described the distribution of the poliovirus within the nervous system, its close affinity to the voluntary motor system and analysed the influence of the portal of entry and special neurotropism on the development of the distribution pattern of the process. THe encephalitic process changes as a function of time; the significance of this observation was expressed in the concept of the time factor. Környey designated the affinity of the poliovirus towards the neurons among the cellular components of the nervous tissue as gangliocytotropism. Based on his observation, he characterized the features of neural spread of virsuses and the selective character of this spread within the central nervous system. THe study of two other polioencephalitides with predilectional involvement of the brain stem, Borna disease and tickborne encephalitis, allowed him further pathogenetic assessments. Környey described the first manifestation of subacute panencephalitis in the Carpathian basin. He devoted special attention to the clinical and neuropathological analysis of various forms of leukoencephalomyelitides and closely followed the development of the principle of neuro-allergy (Pette) and the change in the pathogenetic view of these diseases. His excellent synthesising ability enabled him to write comprehensive review articles and textbook chapters on the various aspects of encephalitides.
    MeSH term(s) Americas ; Encephalitis, Arbovirus/history ; Europe ; History, 20th Century ; Hungary ; Poliomyelitis/history
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003
    Publishing country Hungary
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 443122-4
    ISSN 0010-3551
    ISSN 0010-3551
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Natural and experimental Borna Disease Virus infections - Neuropathology and pathogenetic considerations

    GOSZTONYI, GEORG

    APMIS. 2008 June., v. 116, suppl. 124

    2008  

    Language English
    Dates of publication 2008-06
    Size p. 53-57.
    Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Publishing place Oxford, UK
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0108-0172 ; 0903-465X ; 0903-4641
    ISSN 0108-0172 ; 0903-465X ; 0903-4641
    DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.000m8.x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Reproduction of lyssaviruses: ultrastructural composition of lyssavirus and functional aspects of pathogenesis.

    Gosztonyi, G

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    1994  Volume 187, Page(s) 43–68

    Abstract: Lyssaviruses are considerably adapted to neural tissue, although they can also be replicated in muscle and glandular cells. In neural tissue their reproduction takes place almost exclusively in neurons, and in the course of their dissemination they make ... ...

    Abstract Lyssaviruses are considerably adapted to neural tissue, although they can also be replicated in muscle and glandular cells. In neural tissue their reproduction takes place almost exclusively in neurons, and in the course of their dissemination they make use of the structural peculiarities of this highly differentiated cell type. The replication takes place completely in the cytoplasm, although rhabdovirus leader RNA enters the nucleus and by blocking host DNA and RNA synthesis promotes viral synthetic processes. In the cytoplasm the two phases of viral reproduction, the synthesis of nucleocapsids and the formation of the envelope together with the assembly of the virion, are separate in time and space. By this separation the transmission of infection by the incomplete form of the virus, i.e., by the synaptic transfer of ribonucleoprotein-transcriptase complexes is also possible. The formation of viral envelope and assembly of full viruses on the cisternal system of the host neurons is a highly complex process, as presented here in a three-dimensional analysis. Due to the high complexity of virus assembly, defects in construction are frequent, accounting for the high yield of defective interfering particles in the course of the reproduction of lyssaviruses.
    MeSH term(s) Adsorption ; Lyssavirus/pathogenicity ; Lyssavirus/physiology ; Lyssavirus/ultrastructure ; Synapses/virology ; Virion/ultrastructure ; Virus Replication
    Language English
    Publishing date 1994
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-78490-3_3
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  7. Article: In memory of Stephen Környey (1901-1988).

    Gosztonyi, G

    Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

    1992  Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) 169–171

    MeSH term(s) Germany ; History, 20th Century ; Neurology/history ; Pathology/history
    Language English
    Publishing date 1992-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Biography ; Historical Article ; Portrait
    ZDB-ID 1051484-3
    ISSN 1750-3639 ; 1015-6305
    ISSN (online) 1750-3639
    ISSN 1015-6305
    DOI 10.1111/j.1750-3639.1992.tb00686.x
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  8. Article: Concepts of localization of neurological functions in István Környey's oeuvre.

    Szirmai, Imre / Gosztonyi, Georg

    Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek

    2007  Volume 52, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 5–14

    MeSH term(s) Aphasia/pathology ; Aphasia/physiopathology ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Central Nervous System/pathology ; Central Nervous System/physiopathology ; Central Nervous System Diseases/pathology ; Central Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Spinal Cord/physiopathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007
    Publishing country Hungary
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 443122-4
    ISSN 0010-3551
    ISSN 0010-3551
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Book: The mechanisms of neuronal damage in virus infections of the nervous system

    Gosztonyi, G

    (Current topics in microbiology and immunology, ; 253)

    2001  

    Author's details edited by G. Gosztonyi
    Series title Current topics in microbiology and immunology, ; 253
    MeSH term(s) Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/virology ; Neurons/pathology ; Neurons/virology ; Viruses/pathogenicity
    Language English
    Size viii, 278 p. :, 29 fig. (1 col.), 4 tab. ;, 24 cm.
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing place Berlin ; New York
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9783540676171 ; 3540676171
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  10. Article ; Online: Pathogenesis of equine herpesvirus-1 infection in the mouse model.

    Gosztonyi, Georg / Borchers, Kerstin / Ludwig, Hanns

    APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica

    2009  Volume 117, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–21

    Abstract: Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) is a major equine pathogen causing respiratory diseases, abortions and severe neurological disorders. The basis of neurological disturbances is, as in other organs, infection of endothelial cells, followed by vasculitis, ... ...

    Abstract Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) is a major equine pathogen causing respiratory diseases, abortions and severe neurological disorders. The basis of neurological disturbances is, as in other organs, infection of endothelial cells, followed by vasculitis, thrombosis and ischaemic damage of the parenchyma. Here, a murine model was used to explore the mechanism of entry to, and spread within the brain, the cell affinity of the agent and the modulating role of the immune defence, which are all factors governing the pathogenesis of the neurological disease. Because controversial views exist about these mechanisms, we undertook a neuropathological study with intranasally infected adult mice. EHV-1 entered the brain through the olfactory neuroepithelium and along the olfactory nerves, and spread transsynaptically in rostro-caudal direction, using olfactory and limbic neuronal networks. Exclusively neurons were infected. The cellular immune reaction exerted a restraining effect on virus dissemination. Following nasal infection, the olfactory route was the major pathway for virus entry and dissemination, involvement of the trigeminal nerve in virus spread seems much less probable. In the adult mouse brain EHV-1 behaves as a typical neurotropic agent, using, similarly to other herpesviruses, the neuronal networks for dissemination. Vasculitis, the predominant type of lesion in natural infection, and endothelial cell positivity for EHV-1 were detectable only in the lung. Thus, this agent exhibits in the mouse a dual affinity: it is neurotropic in the brain, and endotheliotropic in visceral organs. Consideration of pathogenetic aspects of equine and experimental murine EHV-1 infections also helps a better understanding of human herpetic brain disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigens, Viral/isolation & purification ; Antigens, Viral/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Endothelial Cells/virology ; Herpesviridae Infections/complications ; Herpesviridae Infections/pathology ; Herpesviridae Infections/virology ; Herpesvirus 1, Equid ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung/blood supply ; Lung/pathology ; Lung/virology ; Meningoencephalitis/etiology ; Meningoencephalitis/pathology ; Meningoencephalitis/virology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/virology ; Neurons/pathology ; Neurons/virology ; Olfactory Pathways/pathology ; Olfactory Pathways/virology ; Vasculitis/pathology
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-01
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 93340-5
    ISSN 1600-0463 ; 0903-4641
    ISSN (online) 1600-0463
    ISSN 0903-4641
    DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.00008.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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