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  1. Book ; Online: The Role of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) in Infection and Inflammation

    Kircheis, Ralf / Planz, Oliver

    2023  

    Keywords Medicine ; hepatitis C virus ; infection ; innate immunity ; Toll-like receptor ; cytokines ; Omicron ; spike protein ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; cytokine storm ; NF-kappaB ; Toll-like receptor (TLR) ; monoclonal antibody TLR4 ; compression force ; MAPKs ; AKT ; human PDL ; sterile inflammation ; TLR ; immune system ; inflammation ; antiviral ; polymorphism ; sepsis ; septic shock ; TLR7 ; TLR8 ; 2'-O-ribose-methylation ; RNase T2 ; immune activation ; CD14 ; LPS ; hop ; TLR4 ; oligonucleotide ; sncRNA ; endocytosis ; broad-spectrum ; antiviral agent ; nucleolin ; virus entry ; immunoregulation ; RNA therapeutics ; TLR7 (Toll-like receptor 7) ; MUC1 (Mucin 1) ; aluminum adjuvant ; tumor vaccine ; immunotherapy ; toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) ; advanced glycation end products (AGEs) ; aquaporin-3 (AQP3) ; histone deacetylase inhibitor ; diabetes ; keratinocytes ; skin ; n/a ; TLR4-RAGE crosstalk ; glucose ; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ; inflammatory ; alveolar macrophages
    Language English
    Size 1 electronic resource (236 pages)
    Publisher MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publishing place Basel
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English
    HBZ-ID HT030377719
    ISBN 9783036576145 ; 3036576142
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Editorial: The role of toll-like receptors and their related signaling pathways in viral infection and inflammation.

    Planz, Oliver / Kircheis, Ralf

    Frontiers in immunology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1363958

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Signal Transduction ; Inflammation ; Virus Diseases
    Chemical Substances Toll-Like Receptors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363958
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The Role of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) and Their Related Signaling Pathways in Viral Infection and Inflammation.

    Kircheis, Ralf / Planz, Oliver

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 7

    Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to a powerful system for the recognition and elimination of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens [ ... ]. ...

    Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to a powerful system for the recognition and elimination of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens [...].
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Toll-Like Receptors/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Inflammation ; Virus Diseases ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Immunity, Innate
    Chemical Substances Toll-Like Receptors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms24076701
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Role of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) and Their Related Signaling Pathways in Viral Infection and Inflammation

    Ralf Kircheis / Oliver Planz

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 6701, p

    2023  Volume 6701

    Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to a powerful system for the recognition and elimination of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens [.] ...

    Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to a powerful system for the recognition and elimination of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens [.]
    Keywords n/a ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  5. Article ; Online: Could a Lower Toll-like Receptor (TLR) and NF-κB Activation Due to a Changed Charge Distribution in the Spike Protein Be the Reason for the Lower Pathogenicity of Omicron?

    Kircheis, Ralf / Planz, Oliver

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 11

    Abstract: The novel SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant B.1.1.529, which emerged in late 2021, is currently active worldwide, replacing other variants, including the Delta variant, due to an enormously increased infectivity. Multiple substitutions and deletions in the N- ... ...

    Abstract The novel SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant B.1.1.529, which emerged in late 2021, is currently active worldwide, replacing other variants, including the Delta variant, due to an enormously increased infectivity. Multiple substitutions and deletions in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) in the spike protein collaborate with the observed increased infectivity and evasion from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies after primary/secondary immunization. In contrast, although three mutations near the S1/S2 furin cleavage site were predicted to favor cleavage, observed cleavage efficacy is substantially lower than in the Delta variant and also lower compared to the wild-type virus correlating with significantly lower TMPRSS2-dependent replication in the lungs, and lower cellular syncytium formation. In contrast, the Omicron variant shows high TMPRSS2-independent replication in the upper airway organs, but lower pathogenicity in animal studies and clinics. Based on recent data, we present here a hypothesis proposing that the changed charge distribution in the Omicron's spike protein could lead to lower activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in innate immune cells, resulting in lower NF-κB activation, furin expression, and viral replication in the lungs, and lower immune hyper-activation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; COVID-19 ; Furin/genetics ; Furin/metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptors ; Virulence
    Chemical Substances NF-kappa B ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Toll-Like Receptors ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Furin (EC 3.4.21.75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms23115966
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: MEK inhibitors as novel host-targeted antivirals with a dual-benefit mode of action against hyperinflammatory respiratory viral diseases.

    Ludwig, Stephan / Pleschka, Stephan / Planz, Oliver

    Current opinion in virology

    2023  Volume 59, Page(s) 101304

    Abstract: Acute hyperinflammatory virus infections, such as influenza or coronavirus disease-19, are still a major health burden worldwide. In these diseases, a massive overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (cytokine storm syndrome) determine ...

    Abstract Acute hyperinflammatory virus infections, such as influenza or coronavirus disease-19, are still a major health burden worldwide. In these diseases, a massive overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (cytokine storm syndrome) determine the severity of the disease, especially in late stages. Direct-acting antivirals against these pathogens have to be administered very early after infection to be effective and may induce viral resistance. Here, we summarize data on a host-targeted strategy using inhibitors of the cellular Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade that not only block replication of different RNA viruses but also suppress the hyperinflammatory cytokine response upon infection. In the first phase-II clinical trial of that approach, the MEK inhibitor Zapnometinib shows evidence of clinical benefit.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19 ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy ; Cytokines ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Cytokines ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases (EC 2.7.12.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2611378-8
    ISSN 1879-6265 ; 1879-6257
    ISSN (online) 1879-6265
    ISSN 1879-6257
    DOI 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101304
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Identification and relative abundance of naturally presented and cross-reactive influenza A virus MHC class I-restricted T cell epitopes.

    Hamza, Hazem / Ghosh, Michael / Löffler, Markus W / Rammensee, Hans-Georg / Planz, Oliver

    Emerging microbes & infections

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 2306959

    Abstract: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are key for controlling viral infection. Unravelling ... ...

    Abstract Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are key for controlling viral infection. Unravelling CD8
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics ; Influenza A virus/genetics ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; Immunity, Cellular
    Chemical Substances Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2681359-2
    ISSN 2222-1751 ; 2222-1751
    ISSN (online) 2222-1751
    ISSN 2222-1751
    DOI 10.1080/22221751.2024.2306959
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Could a Lower Toll-like Receptor (TLR) and NF-κB Activation Due to a Changed Charge Distribution in the Spike Protein Be the Reason for the Lower Pathogenicity of Omicron?

    Ralf Kircheis / Oliver Planz

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 5966, p

    2022  Volume 5966

    Abstract: The novel SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant B.1.1.529, which emerged in late 2021, is currently active worldwide, replacing other variants, including the Delta variant, due to an enormously increased infectivity. Multiple substitutions and deletions in the N- ... ...

    Abstract The novel SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant B.1.1.529, which emerged in late 2021, is currently active worldwide, replacing other variants, including the Delta variant, due to an enormously increased infectivity. Multiple substitutions and deletions in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) in the spike protein collaborate with the observed increased infectivity and evasion from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies after primary/secondary immunization. In contrast, although three mutations near the S1/S2 furin cleavage site were predicted to favor cleavage, observed cleavage efficacy is substantially lower than in the Delta variant and also lower compared to the wild-type virus correlating with significantly lower TMPRSS2-dependent replication in the lungs, and lower cellular syncytium formation. In contrast, the Omicron variant shows high TMPRSS2-independent replication in the upper airway organs, but lower pathogenicity in animal studies and clinics. Based on recent data, we present here a hypothesis proposing that the changed charge distribution in the Omicron’s spike protein could lead to lower activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in innate immune cells, resulting in lower NF-κB activation, furin expression, and viral replication in the lungs, and lower immune hyper-activation.
    Keywords Omicron ; spike protein ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; cytokine storm ; NF-kappaB ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  9. Article ; Online: The host-targeted antiviral drug Zapnometinib exhibits a high barrier to the development of SARS-CoV-2 resistance.

    Schreiber, André / Rodner, Franziska / Oberberg, Nicole / Anhlan, Darisuren / Bletz, Stefan / Mellmann, Alexander / Planz, Oliver / Ludwig, Stephan

    Antiviral research

    2024  Volume 225, Page(s) 105840

    Abstract: Host targeting antiviral drugs (HTA) are directed against cellular mechanisms which can be exploited by viruses. These mechanisms are essential for viral replication, because missing functions cannot be compensated by the virus. However, this assumption ... ...

    Abstract Host targeting antiviral drugs (HTA) are directed against cellular mechanisms which can be exploited by viruses. These mechanisms are essential for viral replication, because missing functions cannot be compensated by the virus. However, this assumption needs experimental proof. Here we compared the HTA Zapnometinib (ZMN), with direct acting antivirals (DAA) (Remdesivir (RDV), Molnupiravir (MPV), Nirmatrelvir (NTV), Ritonavir (RTV), Paxlovid PAX)), in terms of their potency to induce reduced drug susceptibilities in SARS-CoV-2. During serial passage of δ-B1.617.2 adaptation to all DAAs occurred, while the inhibitory capacity of ZMN was not altered. Known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) responsible for partial resistances were found for RDV, NTV and PAX. Additionally, the high mutagenic potential of MPV was confirmed and decreased drug efficacies were found for the first time. Reduced DAA efficacy did not alter the inhibitory potential of ZMN. These results show that ZMN confers a high barrier towards the development of viral resistance and has the potential to act against partially DAA-insensitive viruses.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antiviral Agents ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Ritonavir ; Cytidine/analogs & derivatives ; Hydroxylamines
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Ritonavir (O3J8G9O825) ; molnupiravir (YA84KI1VEW) ; Cytidine (5CSZ8459RP) ; Hydroxylamines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 306628-9
    ISSN 1872-9096 ; 0166-3542
    ISSN (online) 1872-9096
    ISSN 0166-3542
    DOI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105840
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  10. Article ; Online: COVID-19: Mechanistic Model of the African Paradox Supports the Central Role of the NF-κB Pathway.

    Kircheis, Ralf / Schuster, Manfred / Planz, Oliver

    Viruses

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 9

    Abstract: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has expanded into a global pandemic, with more than 220 million affected persons and almost 4.6 million deaths by 8 September 2021. In particular, Europe and the Americas have been ... ...

    Abstract The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has expanded into a global pandemic, with more than 220 million affected persons and almost 4.6 million deaths by 8 September 2021. In particular, Europe and the Americas have been heavily affected by high infection and death rates. In contrast, much lower infection rates and mortality have been reported generally in Africa, particularly in the sub-Saharan region (with the exception of the Southern Africa region). There are different hypotheses for this African paradox, including less testing, the young age of the population, genetic disposition, and behavioral and epidemiological factors. In the present review, we address different immunological factors and their correlation with genetic factors, pre-existing immune status, and differences in cytokine induction patterns. We also focus on epidemiological factors, such as specific medication coverage, helminth distribution, and malaria endemics in the sub-Saharan region. An analysis combining different factors is presented that highlights the central role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in the African paradox. Importantly, insights into the interplay of different factors with the underlying immune pathological mechanisms for COVID-19 can provide a better understanding of the disease and the development of new targets for more efficient treatment strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Africa/epidemiology ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; Biomarkers ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/metabolism ; COVID-19/virology ; Comorbidity ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Disease Susceptibility ; Geography, Medical ; Global Health ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Mortality ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Population Surveillance ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Cytokines ; NF-kappa B ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v13091887
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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