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Article ; Online: The 'hit-and-run' strategy and viral carcinogenesis.

Lasagna, Angioletta / Cassaniti, Irene / Sacchi, Paolo / Figini, Simone / Baldanti, Fausto / Bruno, Raffaele / Pedrazzoli, Paolo

Future oncology (London, England)

2023 Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) 341–344

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinogenesis/genetics ; Herpesvirus 4, Human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2274956-1
ISSN	1744-8301 ; 1479-6694
ISSN (online)	1744-8301
ISSN	1479-6694
DOI	10.2217/fon-2022-1171
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Article: Second Boost of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 S1 Subunit Vaccine Induced Broad Humoral Immune Responses in Elderly Mice.

Kim, Eun / Khan, Muhammad S / Ferrari, Alessandro / Huang, Shaohua / Kenniston, Thomas W / Cassaniti, Irene / Baldanti, Fausto / Gambotto, Andrea

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines prevent symptomatic infection, hospitalization, and death from the disease. However, repeated homologous boosters, while considered a solution for severe forms of the disease caused by new SARS-CoV-2 variants in ... ...

Abstract	Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines prevent symptomatic infection, hospitalization, and death from the disease. However, repeated homologous boosters, while considered a solution for severe forms of the disease caused by new SARS-CoV-2 variants in elderly individuals and immunocompromised patients, cannot provide complete protection against breakthrough infections. This highlights the need for alternative platforms for booster vaccines. In our previous study, we assessed the boost effect of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta S1 recombinant protein subunit vaccine (rS1Beta) in aged mice primed with an adenovirus-based vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2-S1 (Ad5.S1) via subcutaneous injection or intranasal delivery, which induced robust humoral immune responses (1). In this follow-up study, we demonstrated that a second booster dose of a non-adjuvanted recombinant Omicron (BA.1) S1 subunit vaccine with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist RS09 (rS1RS09OM) was effective in stimulating strong S1-specific immune responses and inducing significantly high neutralizing antibodies against the Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron variants in 100-week-old mice. Importantly, the second booster dose elicits cross-reactive antibody responses, resulting in ACE2 binding inhibition against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron (BA.1) and its subvariants. Interestingly, the levels of IgG and neutralizing antibodies correlated with the level of ACE2 inhibition in the booster serum samples, although Omicron S1-specific IgG level showed a weaker correlation compared to Wuhan S1-specific IgG level. Furthermore, we compared the immunogenic properties of the rS1 subunit vaccine in young, middle-aged, and elderly mice, resulting in reduced immunogenicity with age, especially an impaired Th1-biased immune response in aged mice. Our findings demonstrate that the new variant of concern (VOC) rS1 subunit vaccine as a second booster has the potential to offer cross-neutralization against a broad range of variants and to improve vaccine effectiveness against newly emerging breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 variants in elderly individuals who were previously primed with the authorized vaccines.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.02.05.578925
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Article ; Online: Development of hepatitis triggered by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patient with cancer during immunotherapy: a case report.

Lasagna, Angioletta / Lenti, Marco Vincenzo / Cassaniti, Irene / Sacchi, Paolo

Immunotherapy

2022 Volume 14, Issue 12, Page(s) 915–925

Abstract: Patients with cancer have a higher risk of severe COVID-19, and expert consensus advocates for COVID-19 vaccination in this population. Some cases of autoimmune hepatitis have been described after the administration of COVID-19 vaccine in the people in ... ...

Abstract	Patients with cancer have a higher risk of severe COVID-19, and expert consensus advocates for COVID-19 vaccination in this population. Some cases of autoimmune hepatitis have been described after the administration of COVID-19 vaccine in the people in apparently good health. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are responsible for a wide spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This article reports a case of hepatitis and colitis in a 52-year-old woman who was undergoing immunotherapy and was HBV positive 10 days after receiving the first Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine dose. Because both ICIs and the COVID-19 vaccines stimulate the immune response, the authors hypothesize that these vaccines may increase the incidence of irAEs during ICI treatment. There is a complex interplay between the immune-mediated reaction triggered by the vaccination and PD-L1 co-administration.
MeSH term(s)	Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use ; BNT162 Vaccine ; COVID-19/therapy ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Female ; Hepatitis/etiology ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Immunologic Factors ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2495964-9
ISSN	1750-7448 ; 1750-743X
ISSN (online)	1750-7448
ISSN	1750-743X
DOI	10.2217/imt-2021-0342
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Article ; Online: Infectious complications and immunotherapy: old pitfalls and new horizons.

Lasagna, Angioletta / Cassaniti, Irene / Sacchi, Paolo / Baldanti, Fausto / Bruno, Raffaele / Pedrazzoli, Paolo

Future oncology (London, England)

2022 Volume 18, Issue 22, Page(s) 2377–2381

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Immunologic Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2274956-1
ISSN	1744-8301 ; 1479-6694
ISSN (online)	1744-8301
ISSN	1479-6694
DOI	10.2217/fon-2022-0277
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Article ; Online: Herpes zoster in patients with solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Serra, Francesco / Cassaniti, Irene / Lilleri, Daniele / Pedrazzoli, Paolo / Baldanti, Fausto / Lasagna, Angioletta

Immunotherapy

2022 Volume 14, Issue 6, Page(s) 389–393

Abstract: Tweetable abstract Herpes zoster (HZ) is a vaccine-preventable disease, but the role of the vaccine in cancer patients during immunotherapy (ICIs) is still unknown. The clinical and economic consequences of HZ and the increased use of ICIs require a ... ...

Abstract	Tweetable abstract Herpes zoster (HZ) is a vaccine-preventable disease, but the role of the vaccine in cancer patients during immunotherapy (ICIs) is still unknown. The clinical and economic consequences of HZ and the increased use of ICIs require a greater awareness by the oncologist.
MeSH term(s)	Herpes Zoster ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine/adverse effects ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine/therapeutic use ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Neoplasms/therapy
Chemical Substances	Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2495964-9
ISSN	1750-7448 ; 1750-743X
ISSN (online)	1750-7448
ISSN	1750-743X
DOI	10.2217/imt-2021-0333
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Article ; Online: Thirteen Years of Phleboviruses Circulation in Lombardy, a Northern Italy Region.

Percivalle, Elena / Cassaniti, Irene / Calzolari, Mattia / Lelli, Davide / Baldanti, Fausto

Viruses

2021 Volume 13, Issue 2

Abstract: Phleboviruses transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies are endemic in the Mediterranean basin. ...

Abstract	Phleboviruses transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies are endemic in the Mediterranean basin.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Italy/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phlebotomus Fever/diagnosis ; Phlebotomus Fever/epidemiology ; Phlebotomus Fever/virology ; Phlebovirus/classification ; Phlebovirus/genetics ; Phlebovirus/immunology ; Phlebovirus/isolation & purification ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13020209
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Immunological Aspects of Human Papilloma Virus-Related Cancers Always Says, "I Am like a Box of Complexity, You Never Know What You Are Gonna Get".

Soleymaninejadian, Ehsan / Zelini, Paola / Cassaniti, Irene / Baldanti, Fausto / Dominoni, Mattia / Gritti, Andrea / Gardella, Barbara

Vaccines

2022 Volume 10, Issue 5

Abstract: The human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause different cancers in both men and women. The virus interferes with functions of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus in the anogenital area, breast, and head and neck cancer due to the local lesions. The tumors lead to ...

Abstract	The human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause different cancers in both men and women. The virus interferes with functions of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus in the anogenital area, breast, and head and neck cancer due to the local lesions. The tumors lead to death if not treated as a result of distant metastasis to internal organs and brain. Moreover, HPV attenuates the immune system during chronic infection and releases viral antigens into the tumor microenvironment. The tumors know how difficult is to win the battle with a strong united army of immune cells that are equipped with cytokines and enzymes. They confuse the immune cells with secreting viral antigens. The immune system is equipped with cytokines, a complement system, antibodies, and other secretory proteins to overcome the foreign invaders and viral antigens. However, the majority of the time, tumors win the battle without having all the equipment of the immune cells. Thus, in this review, we describe the recent progression in cellular and humoral immunity studies during the progression of HPV-related cancers. First of all, we describe the role of B, plasmoid cells, and B regulatory cells (Breg) in their functions in the tumor microenvironment. Then, different subtypes of T cells such as T CD8, CD4, T regulatory (Treg) cells were studied in recently published papers. Furthermore, NK cells and their role in tumor progression and prevention were studied. Finally, we indicate the breakthroughs in immunotherapy techniques for HPV-related cancers.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines10050731
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Molecular Epidemiology of Rhinovirus/Enterovirus and Their Role on Cause Severe and Prolonged Infection in Hospitalized Patients.

Giardina, Federica A M / Piralla, Antonio / Ferrari, Guglielmo / Zavaglio, Federica / Cassaniti, Irene / Baldanti, Fausto

Microorganisms

2022 Volume 10, Issue 4

Abstract: Rhinovirus is one of the most common respiratory viruses, causing both upper and lower respiratory tract infections. It affects mainly children and could cause prolonged infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Here we report our data on a ... ...

Abstract	Rhinovirus is one of the most common respiratory viruses, causing both upper and lower respiratory tract infections. It affects mainly children and could cause prolonged infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Here we report our data on a 15-month surveillance of Rhinovirus seasonality and circulation in Lombardy Region, Italy. All rhinovirus/enterovirus-positive samples were amplified with RT-PCR for the VP4-VP2 region to assign the correct genotype. The median age of RV/EV-positive patients is 9 years, with a range of 0-96. RV-A and RV-C were detected in the majority of cases, while RV-B accounted for less than 10% of cases. An enterovirus species was detected in 6.45% of the cases. A total of 7% of the patients included in this study had a prolonged infection with a median duration of 62 days. All these patients were immunocompromised and most of them were pediatric with an RV-A infection. Two outbreaks were identified, mainly in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and Oncohematology Department, caused by RV A89 and C43, respectively. Nearly 4.5% of the patients were admitted to the ICU requiring mechanical ventilation; all of which had preexisting comorbidities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms10040755
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Fourth dose of microneedle array patch of SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein subunit vaccine elicits robust long-lasting humoral responses in mice.

Kim, Eun / Shin, Juyeop / Ferrari, Alessandro / Huang, Shaohua / An, Eunjin / Han, Donghoon / Khan, Muhammad S / Kenniston, Thomas W / Cassaniti, Irene / Baldanti, Fausto / Jeong, Dohyeon / Gambotto, Andrea

International immunopharmacology

2024 Volume 129, Page(s) 111569

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the pressing need for safe and effective booster vaccines, particularly in considering the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and addressing vaccine distribution inequalities. Dissolving microneedle array patches ( ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the pressing need for safe and effective booster vaccines, particularly in considering the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and addressing vaccine distribution inequalities. Dissolving microneedle array patches (MAP) offer a promising delivery method, enhancing immunogenicity and improving accessibility through the skin's immune potential. In this study, we evaluated a microneedle array patch-based S1 subunit protein COVID-19 vaccine candidate, which comprised a bivalent formulation targeting the Wuhan and Beta variant alongside a monovalent Delta variant spike proteins in a murine model. Notably, the second boost of homologous bivalent MAP-S1(WU + Beta) induced a 15.7-fold increase in IgG endpoint titer, while the third boost of heterologous MAP-S1RS09Delta yielded a more modest 1.6-fold increase. Importantly, this study demonstrated that the administration of four doses of the MAP vaccine induced robust and long-lasting immune responses, persisting for at least 80 weeks. These immune responses encompassed various IgG isotypes and remained statistically significant for one year. Furthermore, neutralizing antibodies against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants were generated, with comparable responses observed against the Omicron variant. Overall, these findings emphasize the potential of MAP-based vaccines as a promising strategy to combat the evolving landscape of COVID-19 and to deliver a safe and effective booster vaccine worldwide.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Protein Subunits ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Protein Subunit Vaccines ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	Protein Subunits ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Protein Subunit Vaccines ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2043785-7
ISSN	1878-1705 ; 1567-5769
ISSN (online)	1878-1705
ISSN	1567-5769
DOI	10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111569
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Article ; Online: Second Boost of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 S1 Subunit Vaccine Induced Broad Humoral Immune Responses in Elderly Mice

Kim, Eun / Khan, Muhammad S. / Ferrari, Alessandro / Huang, Shaohua / Kenniston, Thomas W. / Cassaniti, Irene / Baldanti, Fausto / Gambotto, Andrea

bioRxiv

Abstract	Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines prevent symptomatic infection, hospitalization, and death from the disease. However, repeated homologous boosters, while considered a solution for severe forms of the disease caused by new SARS-CoV-2 variants in elderly individuals and immunocompromised patients, cannot provide complete protection against breakthrough infections. This highlights the need for alternative platforms for booster vaccines. In our previous study, we assessed the boost effect of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta S1 recombinant protein subunit vaccine (rS1Beta) in aged mice primed with an adenovirus-based vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2-S1 (Ad5.S1) via subcutaneous injection or intranasal delivery, which induced robust humoral immune responses (1). In this follow-up study, we demonstrated that a second booster dose of a non-adjuvanted recombinant Omicron (BA.1) S1 subunit vaccine with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist RS09 (rS1RS09OM) was effective in stimulating strong S1-specific immune responses and inducing significantly high neutralizing antibodies against the Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron variants in 100-week-old mice. Importantly, the second booster dose elicits cross-reactive antibody responses, resulting in ACE2 binding inhibition against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron (BA.1) and its subvariants. Interestingly, the levels of IgG and neutralizing antibodies correlated with the level of ACE2 inhibition in the booster serum samples, although Omicron S1-specific IgG level showed a weaker correlation compared to Wuhan S1-specific IgG level. Furthermore, we compared the immunogenic properties of the rS1 subunit vaccine in young, middle-aged, and elderly mice, resulting in reduced immunogenicity with age, especially an impaired Th1-biased immune response in aged mice. Our findings demonstrate that the new variant of concern (VOC) rS1 subunit vaccine as a second booster has the potential to offer cross-neutralization against a broad range of variants and to improve vaccine effectiveness against newly emerging breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 variants in elderly individuals who were previously primed with the authorized vaccines.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2024.02.05.578925
Database	COVID19

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