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  1. Article ; Online: High Throughput siRNA Screening Using Reverse Transfection.

    von Schantz, Carina / Saarela, Jani

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2016  Volume 1470, Page(s) 25–37

    Abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) is a commonly used technique to knockdown gene function. Here, we describe a high throughput screening method for siRNA mediated gene silencing of the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 using reverse transfection. Furthermore, we ... ...

    Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) is a commonly used technique to knockdown gene function. Here, we describe a high throughput screening method for siRNA mediated gene silencing of the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 using reverse transfection. Furthermore, we describe the setup for two separate methods for detecting viable and dead cells using either homogenous assays or image-based analysis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6337-9_3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Genome-wide siRNA screening reveals several host receptors for the binding of human gut commensal Bifidobacterium bifidum.

    Kainulainen, Veera / von Schantz-Fant, Carina / Kovanen, Ruusu-Maria / Potdar, Swapnil / Laamanen, Karoliina / Saarela, Jani / Satokari, Reetta

    NPJ biofilms and microbiomes

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 50

    Abstract: Bifidobacterium spp. are abundant gut commensals, especially in breast-fed infants. Bifidobacteria are associated with many health-promoting effects including maintenance of epithelial barrier and integrity as well as immunomodulation. However, the ... ...

    Abstract Bifidobacterium spp. are abundant gut commensals, especially in breast-fed infants. Bifidobacteria are associated with many health-promoting effects including maintenance of epithelial barrier and integrity as well as immunomodulation. However, the protective mechanisms of bifidobacteria on intestinal epithelium at molecular level are poorly understood. In this study, we developed a high-throughput in vitro screening assay to explore binding receptors of intestinal epithelial cells for Bifidobacterium bifidum. Short interfering RNAs (siRNA) were used to silence expression of each gene in the Caco-2 cell line one by one. The screen yielded four cell surface proteins, SERPINB3, LGICZ1, PKD1 and PAQR6, which were identified as potential receptors as the siRNA knock-down of their expression decreased adhesion of B. bifidum to the cell line repeatedly during the three rounds of siRNA screening. Furthermore, blocking of these host cell proteins by specific antibodies decreased the binding of B. bifidum significantly to Caco-2 and HT29 cell lines. All these molecules are located on the surface of epithelial cells and three out of four, SERPINB3, PKD1 and PAQR6, are involved in the regulation of cellular processes related to proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis as well as inflammation and immunity. Our results provide leads to the first steps in the mechanistic cascade of B. bifidum-host interactions leading to regulatory effects in the epithelium and may partly explain how this commensal bacterium is able to promote intestinal homeostasis.
    MeSH term(s) Bifidobacterium/genetics ; Bifidobacterium/metabolism ; Bifidobacterium bifidum/genetics ; Caco-2 Cells ; HT29 Cells ; Humans ; Infant ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
    Chemical Substances RNA, Small Interfering
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2817021-0
    ISSN 2055-5008 ; 2055-5008
    ISSN (online) 2055-5008
    ISSN 2055-5008
    DOI 10.1038/s41522-022-00312-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Genome-wide siRNA screening reveals several host receptors for the binding of human gut commensal Bifidobacterium bifidum

    Veera Kainulainen / Carina von Schantz-Fant / Ruusu-Maria Kovanen / Swapnil Potdar / Karoliina Laamanen / Jani Saarela / Reetta Satokari

    npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Bifidobacterium spp. are abundant gut commensals, especially in breast-fed infants. Bifidobacteria are associated with many health-promoting effects including maintenance of epithelial barrier and integrity as well as immunomodulation. However, ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Bifidobacterium spp. are abundant gut commensals, especially in breast-fed infants. Bifidobacteria are associated with many health-promoting effects including maintenance of epithelial barrier and integrity as well as immunomodulation. However, the protective mechanisms of bifidobacteria on intestinal epithelium at molecular level are poorly understood. In this study, we developed a high-throughput in vitro screening assay to explore binding receptors of intestinal epithelial cells for Bifidobacterium bifidum. Short interfering RNAs (siRNA) were used to silence expression of each gene in the Caco-2 cell line one by one. The screen yielded four cell surface proteins, SERPINB3, LGICZ1, PKD1 and PAQR6, which were identified as potential receptors as the siRNA knock-down of their expression decreased adhesion of B. bifidum to the cell line repeatedly during the three rounds of siRNA screening. Furthermore, blocking of these host cell proteins by specific antibodies decreased the binding of B. bifidum significantly to Caco-2 and HT29 cell lines. All these molecules are located on the surface of epithelial cells and three out of four, SERPINB3, PKD1 and PAQR6, are involved in the regulation of cellular processes related to proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis as well as inflammation and immunity. Our results provide leads to the first steps in the mechanistic cascade of B. bifidum-host interactions leading to regulatory effects in the epithelium and may partly explain how this commensal bacterium is able to promote intestinal homeostasis.
    Keywords Microbial ecology ; QR100-130
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Development of actionable targets of multi-kinase inhibitors (AToMI) screening platform to dissect kinase targets of staurosporines in glioblastoma cells.

    Denisova, Oxana V / Merisaari, Joni / Kaur, Amanpreet / Yetukuri, Laxman / Jumppanen, Mikael / von Schantz-Fant, Carina / Ohlmeyer, Michael / Wennerberg, Krister / Aittokallio, Tero / Taipale, Mikko / Westermarck, Jukka

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 13796

    Abstract: Therapeutic resistance to kinase inhibitors constitutes a major unresolved clinical challenge in cancer and especially in glioblastoma. Multi-kinase inhibitors may be used for simultaneous targeting of multiple target kinases and thereby potentially ... ...

    Abstract Therapeutic resistance to kinase inhibitors constitutes a major unresolved clinical challenge in cancer and especially in glioblastoma. Multi-kinase inhibitors may be used for simultaneous targeting of multiple target kinases and thereby potentially overcome kinase inhibitor resistance. However, in most cases the identification of the target kinases mediating therapeutic effects of multi-kinase inhibitors has been challenging. To tackle this important problem, we developed an actionable targets of multi-kinase inhibitors (AToMI) strategy and used it for characterization of glioblastoma target kinases of staurosporine derivatives displaying synergy with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) reactivation. AToMI consists of interchangeable modules combining drug-kinase interaction assay, siRNA high-throughput screening, bioinformatics analysis, and validation screening with more selective target kinase inhibitors. As a result, AToMI analysis revealed AKT and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase PDK1 and PDK4 as kinase targets of staurosporine derivatives UCN-01, CEP-701, and K252a that synergized with PP2A activation across heterogeneous glioblastoma cells. Based on these proof-of-principle results, we propose that the application and further development of AToMI for clinically applicable multi-kinase inhibitors could provide significant benefits in overcoming the challenge of lack of knowledge of the target specificity of multi-kinase inhibitors.
    MeSH term(s) Antineoplastic Agents ; Glioblastoma/drug therapy ; Humans ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Protein Phosphatase 2 ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase ; Staurosporine/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase ; Protein Phosphatase 2 (EC 3.1.3.16) ; Staurosporine (H88EPA0A3N)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-18118-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Development of actionable targets of multi-kinase inhibitors (AToMI) screening platform to dissect kinase targets of staurosporines in glioblastoma cells

    Oxana V. Denisova / Joni Merisaari / Amanpreet Kaur / Laxman Yetukuri / Mikael Jumppanen / Carina von Schantz-Fant / Michael Ohlmeyer / Krister Wennerberg / Tero Aittokallio / Mikko Taipale / Jukka Westermarck

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Therapeutic resistance to kinase inhibitors constitutes a major unresolved clinical challenge in cancer and especially in glioblastoma. Multi-kinase inhibitors may be used for simultaneous targeting of multiple target kinases and thereby ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Therapeutic resistance to kinase inhibitors constitutes a major unresolved clinical challenge in cancer and especially in glioblastoma. Multi-kinase inhibitors may be used for simultaneous targeting of multiple target kinases and thereby potentially overcome kinase inhibitor resistance. However, in most cases the identification of the target kinases mediating therapeutic effects of multi-kinase inhibitors has been challenging. To tackle this important problem, we developed an actionable targets of multi-kinase inhibitors (AToMI) strategy and used it for characterization of glioblastoma target kinases of staurosporine derivatives displaying synergy with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) reactivation. AToMI consists of interchangeable modules combining drug-kinase interaction assay, siRNA high-throughput screening, bioinformatics analysis, and validation screening with more selective target kinase inhibitors. As a result, AToMI analysis revealed AKT and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase PDK1 and PDK4 as kinase targets of staurosporine derivatives UCN-01, CEP-701, and K252a that synergized with PP2A activation across heterogeneous glioblastoma cells. Based on these proof-of-principle results, we propose that the application and further development of AToMI for clinically applicable multi-kinase inhibitors could provide significant benefits in overcoming the challenge of lack of knowledge of the target specificity of multi-kinase inhibitors.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from a CLN5 Patient Manifest Phenotypic Characteristics of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses.

    Uusi-Rauva, Kristiina / Blom, Tea / von Schantz-Fant, Carina / Blom, Tomas / Jalanko, Anu / Kyttälä, Aija

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2017  Volume 18, Issue 5

    Abstract: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are autosomal recessive progressive encephalopathies caused by mutations in at least 14 different genes. Despite extensive studies performed in different NCL animal models, the molecular mechanisms underlying ... ...

    Abstract Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are autosomal recessive progressive encephalopathies caused by mutations in at least 14 different genes. Despite extensive studies performed in different NCL animal models, the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in NCLs remain poorly understood. To model NCL in human cells, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by reprogramming skin fibroblasts from a patient with CLN5 (ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal, 5) disease, the late infantile variant form of NCL. These CLN5 patient-derived iPSCs (CLN5Y392X iPSCs) harbouring the most common
    MeSH term(s) Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Lysosomal Membrane Proteins ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mutation ; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses/genetics ; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses/pathology ; Phenotype
    Chemical Substances CLN5 protein, human ; Lysosomal Membrane Proteins ; Membrane Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms18050955
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The high throughput biomedicine unit at the institute for molecular medicine Finland: high throughput screening meets precision medicine.

    Pietiainen, Vilja / Saarela, Jani / von Schantz, Carina / Turunen, Laura / Ostling, Paivi / Wennerberg, Krister

    Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening

    2014  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 377–386

    Abstract: The High Throughput Biomedicine (HTB) unit at the Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM was established in 2010 to serve as a national and international academic screening unit providing access to state of the art instrumentation for chemical and ...

    Abstract The High Throughput Biomedicine (HTB) unit at the Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM was established in 2010 to serve as a national and international academic screening unit providing access to state of the art instrumentation for chemical and RNAi-based high throughput screening. The initial focus of the unit was multiwell plate based chemical screening and high content microarray-based siRNA screening. However, over the first four years of operation, the unit has moved to a more flexible service platform where both chemical and siRNA screening is performed at different scales primarily in multiwell plate-based assays with a wide range of readout possibilities with a focus on ultraminiaturization to allow for affordable screening for the academic users. In addition to high throughput screening, the equipment of the unit is also used to support miniaturized, multiplexed and high throughput applications for other types of research such as genomics, sequencing and biobanking operations. Importantly, with the translational research goals at FIMM, an increasing part of the operations at the HTB unit is being focused on high throughput systems biological platforms for functional profiling of patient cells in personalized and precision medicine projects.
    MeSH term(s) Biological Specimen Banks ; Cooperative Behavior ; Drug Discovery/methods ; Drug Discovery/organization & administration ; Europe ; Finland ; Genomics/methods ; Genomics/organization & administration ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Humans ; Microscopy ; Molecular Medicine/methods ; Molecular Medicine/organization & administration ; Precision Medicine/methods ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Translational Medical Research/organization & administration ; Workforce
    Chemical Substances RNA, Small Interfering
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-19
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2064785-2
    ISSN 1875-5402 ; 1386-2073
    ISSN (online) 1875-5402
    ISSN 1386-2073
    DOI 10.2174/1386207317666140323195927
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from a CLN5 Patient Manifest Phenotypic Characteristics of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses

    Kristiina Uusi-Rauva / Tea Blom / Carina von Schantz-Fant / Tomas Blom / Anu Jalanko / Aija Kyttälä

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 18, Iss 5, p

    2017  Volume 955

    Abstract: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are autosomal recessive progressive encephalopathies caused by mutations in at least 14 different genes. Despite extensive studies performed in different NCL animal models, the molecular mechanisms underlying ... ...

    Abstract Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are autosomal recessive progressive encephalopathies caused by mutations in at least 14 different genes. Despite extensive studies performed in different NCL animal models, the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in NCLs remain poorly understood. To model NCL in human cells, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by reprogramming skin fibroblasts from a patient with CLN5 (ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal, 5) disease, the late infantile variant form of NCL. These CLN5 patient-derived iPSCs (CLN5Y392X iPSCs) harbouring the most common CLN5 mutation, c.1175_1176delAT (p.Tyr392X), were further differentiated into neural lineage cells, the most affected cell type in NCLs. The CLN5Y392X iPSC-derived neural lineage cells showed accumulation of autofluorescent storage material and subunit C of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, both representing the hallmarks of many forms of NCLs, including CLN5 disease. In addition, we detected abnormalities in the intracellular organelles and aberrations in neuronal sphingolipid transportation, verifying the previous findings obtained from Cln5-deficient mouse macrophages. Therefore, patient-derived iPSCs provide a suitable model to study the mechanisms of NCL diseases.
    Keywords CLN5 ; iPS cells ; NCL ; sphingolipid ; lysosomal storage disease ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Screening out irrelevant cell-based models of disease.

    Horvath, Peter / Aulner, Nathalie / Bickle, Marc / Davies, Anthony M / Nery, Elaine Del / Ebner, Daniel / Montoya, Maria C / Östling, Päivi / Pietiäinen, Vilja / Price, Leo S / Shorte, Spencer L / Turcatti, Gerardo / von Schantz, Carina / Carragher, Neil O

    Nature reviews. Drug discovery

    2016  Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) 751–769

    Abstract: The common and persistent failures to translate promising preclinical drug candidates into clinical success highlight the limited effectiveness of disease models currently used in drug discovery. An apparent reluctance to explore and adopt alternative ... ...

    Abstract The common and persistent failures to translate promising preclinical drug candidates into clinical success highlight the limited effectiveness of disease models currently used in drug discovery. An apparent reluctance to explore and adopt alternative cell- and tissue-based model systems, coupled with a detachment from clinical practice during assay validation, contributes to ineffective translational research. To help address these issues and stimulate debate, here we propose a set of principles to facilitate the definition and development of disease-relevant assays, and we discuss new opportunities for exploiting the latest advances in cell-based assay technologies in drug discovery, including induced pluripotent stem cells, three-dimensional (3D) co-culture and organ-on-a-chip systems, complemented by advances in single-cell imaging and gene editing technologies. Funding to support precompetitive, multidisciplinary collaborations to develop novel preclinical models and cell-based screening technologies could have a key role in improving their clinical relevance, and ultimately increase clinical success rates.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques/methods ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Drug Discovery/methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/drug effects ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review
    ZDB-ID 2062954-0
    ISSN 1474-1784 ; 1474-1776
    ISSN (online) 1474-1784
    ISSN 1474-1776
    DOI 10.1038/nrd.2016.175
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: A novel aspartylglucosaminuria mutation affects translocation of aspartylglucosaminidase.

    Saarela, Jani / von Schantz, Carina / Peltonen, Leena / Jalanko, Anu

    Human mutation

    2004  Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 350–351

    Abstract: The AGA gene is mutated in patients with aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU), a lysosomal storage disease enriched in the Finnish population. The disease mechanism of AGU and the biochemistry and cell biology of the lysosomal aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA) ... ...

    Abstract The AGA gene is mutated in patients with aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU), a lysosomal storage disease enriched in the Finnish population. The disease mechanism of AGU and the biochemistry and cell biology of the lysosomal aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA) enzyme are well characterized. Here, we have investigated a novel AGU mutation found in a Finnish patient. The mutation was detected as a compound heterozygote with the Finnish major mutation in the other allele. The novel point mutation, c.44T>G, causes the L15R amino acid substitution in the signal sequence of the AGA enzyme. The mutated AGA enzyme was here analyzed by over expression in BHK and COS-1 cells. The L15R AGA protein was only faintly detectable by immunofluorescence analysis and observed in the endoplasmic reticulum. Metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation revealed only a small amount of AGA polypeptides but the specific activity of the mutant enzyme was surprisingly high, 37% of the wild type. The amino acid substitution probably affects translocation of AGA polypeptides by altering a critical hydrophobic core structure of the signal sequence. It appears that the small amounts of active enzyme are not able to reach the lysosomes thus explaining the development of AGU disease in the patient.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Aspartylglucosaminuria ; Aspartylglucosylaminase/genetics ; Aspartylglucosylaminase/physiology ; COS Cells/enzymology ; Cell Line/enzymology ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cricetinae ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/enzymology ; Finland/epidemiology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Lysosomal Storage Diseases/enzymology ; Lysosomal Storage Diseases/epidemiology ; Lysosomal Storage Diseases/genetics ; Lysosomes/enzymology ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation, Missense ; Point Mutation ; Protein Sorting Signals/genetics ; Protein Transport/genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transfection
    Chemical Substances Protein Sorting Signals ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Aspartylglucosylaminase (EC 3.5.1.26)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1126646-6
    ISSN 1098-1004 ; 1059-7794
    ISSN (online) 1098-1004
    ISSN 1059-7794
    DOI 10.1002/humu.9276
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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