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  1. Article ; Online: DrosoPHILA: A Partnership between Scientists and Teachers That Begins in the Lab and Continues into City Schools.

    Laws, Kaitlin M / Natale, Ent / Waddell, Edward A / Shuda, Jamie R / Bashaw, Greg J

    eNeuro

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 2

    Abstract: Here, we describe the development, structure, and effectiveness of an outreach program, DrosoPHILA, that leverages the tools of our fly neurodevelopmental research program at the University of Pennsylvania to reinforce the biology curriculum in local ... ...

    Abstract Here, we describe the development, structure, and effectiveness of an outreach program, DrosoPHILA, that leverages the tools of our fly neurodevelopmental research program at the University of Pennsylvania to reinforce the biology curriculum in local public schools. DrosoPHILA was developed and is sustained by a continued collaboration between members of the Bashaw lab, experienced outreach educators, and teachers in the School District of Philadelphia. Since the program's inception, we have collaborated with 18 teachers and over 2400 students. Student outcome data indicates significant positive attitude shifts around science identity and grade-appropriate knowledge gains.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Drosophila ; Schools ; Curriculum ; Students
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2800598-3
    ISSN 2373-2822 ; 2373-2822
    ISSN (online) 2373-2822
    ISSN 2373-2822
    DOI 10.1523/ENEURO.0263-22.2022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Recombinant Proteins Modulate Antimycobacterial Functions of Bovine Macrophages.

    Bannantine, John P / Stabel, Judith R / Laws, Elizabeth / D Cardieri, Maria Clara / Souza, Cleverson D

    PloS one

    2015  Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) e0128966

    Abstract: ... translationally lipidated in E. coli and thus is a limitation in this study, these results form the foundation ...

    Abstract It has been shown that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) activates the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) p38 pathway, yet it is unclear which components of M. paratuberculosis are involved in the process. Therefore, a set of 42 M. paratuberculosis recombinant proteins expressed from coding sequences annotated as lipoproteins were screened for their ability to induce IL-10 expression, an indicator of MAPKp38 activation, in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages. A recombinant lipoprotein, designated as MAP3837c, was among a group of 6 proteins that strongly induced IL-10 gene transcription in bovine macrophages, averaging a 3.1-fold increase compared to non-stimulated macrophages. However, a parallel increase in expression of IL-12 and TNF-α was only observed in macrophages exposed to a subset of these 6 proteins. Selected recombinant proteins were further analyzed for their ability to enhance survival of M. avium within bovine macrophages as measured by recovered viable bacteria and nitrite production. All 6 IL-10 inducing MAP recombinant proteins along with M. paratuberculosis cells significantly enhanced phosphorylation of MAPK-p38 in bovine macrophages. Although these proteins are likely not post translationally lipidated in E. coli and thus is a limitation in this study, these results form the foundation of how the protein component of the lipoprotein interacts with the immune system. Collectively, these data reveal M. paratuberculosis proteins that might play a role in MAPK-p38 pathway activation and hence in survival of this organism within bovine macrophages.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/pharmacology ; Cattle ; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Immunity, Innate/drug effects ; Immunomodulation/drug effects ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Macrophages/immunology ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Microbial Viability/drug effects ; Microbial Viability/immunology ; Monocytes/immunology ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis/immunology ; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis ; Phagocytosis ; Phosphorylation ; Recombinant Proteins ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Bacterial Proteins ; Cytokines ; Recombinant Proteins ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0128966
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A nano particle vector comprised of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid and monophosphoryl lipid A and recombinant Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis peptides stimulate a pro-immune profile in bovine macrophages.

    Souza, C D / Bannantine, J P / Brown, W C / Norton, M G / Davis, W C / Hwang, J K / Ziaei, P / Abdellrazeq, G S / Eren, M V / Deringer, J R / Laws, E / Cardieri, M C D

    Journal of applied microbiology

    2017  Volume 123, Issue 1, Page(s) 54–65

    Abstract: Aims: We evaluated the potential of a nanoparticle (NP) delivery system to improve methods of delivery of candidate peptide-based vaccines for Paratuberculosis in cattle.: Methods and results: Peptides derived from Mycobacterium avium subsp. ... ...

    Abstract Aims: We evaluated the potential of a nanoparticle (NP) delivery system to improve methods of delivery of candidate peptide-based vaccines for Paratuberculosis in cattle.
    Methods and results: Peptides derived from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), and the pro-inflammatory monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) were incorporated in polymeric NPs based on poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). The PLGA/MPLA NPs carriers were incubated with macrophages to examine their effects on survival and function. PLGA/MPLA NPs, with and without Map antigens, are efficiently phagocytized by macrophages with no evidence of toxicity. PLGA/MPLA NP formulations did not alter the level of expression of MHC I or II molecules. Expression of TNFα and IL12p40 was increased in Map-loaded NPs. T-cell proliferation studies using a model peptide from Anaplasma marginale demonstrated that a CD4 T-cell recall response could be elicited with macrophages pulsed with the peptide encapsulated in the PLGA/MPLA NP.
    Conclusions: These findings indicate PLGA/MPLA NPs can be used as a vehicle for delivery and testing of candidate peptide-based vaccines.
    Significance and impact of the study: These results will assist on more in depth studies on PLGA NP delivery systems that may lead to the development of a peptide-based vaccine for cattle.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1358023-1
    ISSN 1365-2672 ; 1364-5072
    ISSN (online) 1365-2672
    ISSN 1364-5072
    DOI 10.1111/jam.13491
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  4. Article ; Online: Patterns in neurosurgical adverse events: cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery.

    Wong, Judith M / Ziewacz, John E / Ho, Allen L / Panchmatia, Jaykar R / Bader, Angela M / Garton, Hugh J / Laws, Edward R / Gawande, Atul A

    Neurosurgical focus

    2012  Volume 33, Issue 5, Page(s) E13

    Abstract: Object: As part of a project to devise evidence-based safety interventions for specialty surgery, the authors sought to review current evidence in CSF shunt surgery concerning the frequency of adverse events in practice, their patterns, and the state of ...

    Abstract Object: As part of a project to devise evidence-based safety interventions for specialty surgery, the authors sought to review current evidence in CSF shunt surgery concerning the frequency of adverse events in practice, their patterns, and the state of knowledge regarding methods for their reduction. This review may also inform future and ongoing efforts for the advancement of neurosurgical quality.
    Methods: The authors performed a PubMed search using search terms "cerebral shunt," "cerebrospinal fluid shunt," "CSF shunt," "ventriculoperitoneal shunt," "cerebral shunt AND complications," "cerebrospinal fluid shunt AND complications," "CSF shunt AND complications," and "ventriculoperitoneal shunt AND complications." Only papers that specifically discussed the relevant complication rates were included. Papers were chosen to be included to maximize the range of rates of occurrence for the adverse events reported.
    Results: In this review of the neurosurgery literature, the reported rate of mechanical malfunction ranged from 8% to 64%. The use of programmable valves has increased but remains of unproven benefit even in randomized trials. Infection was the second most common complication, with the rate ranging from 3% to 12% of shunt operations. A meta-analysis that included 17 randomized controlled trials of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis demonstrated a decrease in shunt infection by half (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.36-0.73). Similarly, use of detailed protocols including perioperative antibiotics, skin preparation, and limitation of OR personnel and operative time, among other steps, were shown in uncontrolled studies to decrease shunt infection by more than half. Other adverse events included intraabdominal complications, with a reported incidence of 1% to 24%, intracerebral hemorrhage, reported to occur in 4% of cases, and perioperative epilepsy, with a reported association with shunt procedures ranging from 20% to 32%. Potential management strategies are reported but are largely without formal evaluation.
    Conclusions: Surgery for CSF shunt placement or revision is associated with a high complication risk due primarily to mechanical issues and infection. Concerted efforts aimed at large-scale monitoring of neurosurgical complications and consistent quality improvement within these highlighted realms may significantly improve patient outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/adverse effects ; Equipment Failure ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus/surgery ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/etiology ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/therapy ; Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects ; Patient Safety ; Perioperative Care ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Postoperative Complications/therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Surgical Wound Infection/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2026589-X
    ISSN 1092-0684 ; 1092-0684
    ISSN (online) 1092-0684
    ISSN 1092-0684
    DOI 10.3171/2012.7.FOCUS12179
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Patterns in neurosurgical adverse events: intracranial neoplasm surgery.

    Wong, Judith M / Panchmatia, Jaykar R / Ziewacz, John E / Bader, Angela M / Dunn, Ian F / Laws, Edward R / Gawande, Atul A

    Neurosurgical focus

    2012  Volume 33, Issue 5, Page(s) E16

    Abstract: Object: Neurosurgery is a high-risk specialty currently undertaking the pursuit of systematic approaches to measuring and improving outcomes. As part of a project to devise evidence-based safety interventions for specialty surgery, the authors sought to ...

    Abstract Object: Neurosurgery is a high-risk specialty currently undertaking the pursuit of systematic approaches to measuring and improving outcomes. As part of a project to devise evidence-based safety interventions for specialty surgery, the authors sought to review current evidence in cranial tumor resection concerning the frequency of adverse events in practice, their patterns, and current methods of reducing the occurrence of these events. This review represents part of a series of papers written to consolidate information about these events and preventive measures as part of an ongoing effort to ascertain the utility of devising system-wide policies and safety tools to improve neurosurgical practice.
    Methods: The authors performed a PubMed search using search terms "intracranial neoplasm," "cerebral tumor," "cerebral meningioma," "glioma," and "complications" or "adverse events." Only papers that specifically discussed the relevant complication rates were included. Papers were chosen to maximize the range of rates of occurrence for the reported adverse events.
    Results: Review of the tumor neurosurgery literature showed that documented overall complication rates ranged from 9% to 40%, with overall mortality rates of 1.5%-16%. There was a wide range of types of adverse events overall. Deep venous thromboembolism (DVT) was the most common adverse event, with a reported incidence of 3%-26%. The presence of new or worsened neurological deficit was the second most common adverse event found in this review, with reported rates ranging from 0% for the series of meningioma cases with the lowest reported rate to 20% as the highest reported rate for treatment of eloquent glioma. Benign tumor recurrence was found to be a commonly reported adverse event following surgery for intracranial neoplasms. Rates varied depending on tumor type, tumor location, patient demographics, surgical technique, the surgeon's level of experience, degree of specialization, and changes in technology, but these effects remain unmeasured. The incidence on our review ranged from 2% for convexity meningiomas to 36% for basal meningiomas. Other relatively common complications were dural closure-related complications (1%-24%), postoperative peritumoral edema (2%-10%), early postoperative seizure (1%-12%), medical complications (6%-7%), wound infection (0%-4%), surgery-related hematoma (1%-2%), and wrong-site surgery. Strategies to minimize risk of these events were evaluated. Prophylactic techniques for DVT have been widely demonstrated and confirmed, but adherence remains unstudied. The use of image guidance, intraoperative functional mapping, and real-time intraoperative MRI guidance can allow surgeons to maximize resection while preserving neurological function. Whether the extent of resection significantly correlates with improved overall outcomes remains controversial.
    Discussion: A significant proportion of adverse events in intracranial neoplasm surgery may be avoidable by use of practices to encourage use of standardized protocols for DVT, seizure, and infection prophylaxis; intraoperative navigation among other steps; improved teamwork and communication; and concentrated volume and specialization. Systematic efforts to bundle such strategies may significantly improve patient outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Brain Edema/etiology ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Brain Neoplasms/surgery ; Dura Mater/pathology ; Dura Mater/surgery ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/etiology ; Intracranial Hemorrhages/therapy ; Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Intraoperative Complications/therapy ; Medical Errors ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology ; Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; Nervous System Diseases/therapy ; Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Postoperative Complications/therapy ; Seizures/epidemiology ; Seizures/etiology ; Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Infection/therapy ; Thromboembolism/epidemiology ; Thromboembolism/etiology ; Thromboembolism/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2026589-X
    ISSN 1092-0684 ; 1092-0684
    ISSN (online) 1092-0684
    ISSN 1092-0684
    DOI 10.3171/2012.7.FOCUS12183
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes.

    Maxwell, Tania L / Rovai, André S / Adame, Maria Fernanda / Adams, Janine B / Álvarez-Rogel, José / Austin, William E N / Beasy, Kim / Boscutti, Francesco / Böttcher, Michael E / Bouma, Tjeerd J / Bulmer, Richard H / Burden, Annette / Burke, Shannon A / Camacho, Saritta / Chaudhary, Doongar R / Chmura, Gail L / Copertino, Margareth / Cott, Grace M / Craft, Christopher /
    Day, John / de Los Santos, Carmen B / Denis, Lionel / Ding, Weixin / Ellison, Joanna C / Ewers Lewis, Carolyn J / Giani, Luise / Gispert, Maria / Gontharet, Swanne / González-Pérez, José A / González-Alcaraz, M Nazaret / Gorham, Connor / Graversen, Anna Elizabeth L / Grey, Anthony / Guerra, Roberta / He, Qiang / Holmquist, James R / Jones, Alice R / Juanes, José A / Kelleher, Brian P / Kohfeld, Karen E / Krause-Jensen, Dorte / Lafratta, Anna / Lavery, Paul S / Laws, Edward A / Leiva-Dueñas, Carmen / Loh, Pei Sun / Lovelock, Catherine E / Lundquist, Carolyn J / Macreadie, Peter I / Mazarrasa, Inés / Megonigal, J Patrick / Neto, Joao M / Nogueira, Juliana / Osland, Michael J / Pagès, Jordi F / Perera, Nipuni / Pfeiffer, Eva-Maria / Pollmann, Thomas / Raw, Jacqueline L / Recio, María / Ruiz-Fernández, Ana Carolina / Russell, Sophie K / Rybczyk, John M / Sammul, Marek / Sanders, Christian / Santos, Rui / Serrano, Oscar / Siewert, Matthias / Smeaton, Craig / Song, Zhaoliang / Trasar-Cepeda, Carmen / Twilley, Robert R / Van de Broek, Marijn / Vitti, Stefano / Antisari, Livia Vittori / Voltz, Baptiste / Wails, Christy N / Ward, Raymond D / Ward, Melissa / Wolfe, Jaxine / Yang, Renmin / Zubrzycki, Sebastian / Landis, Emily / Smart, Lindsey / Spalding, Mark / Worthington, Thomas A

    Scientific data

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 797

    Abstract: Tidal marshes store large amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Field data quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks provide an important resource for researchers, natural resource managers, and policy-makers working towards the protection, ... ...

    Abstract Tidal marshes store large amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Field data quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks provide an important resource for researchers, natural resource managers, and policy-makers working towards the protection, restoration, and valuation of these ecosystems. We collated a global dataset of tidal marsh soil organic carbon (MarSOC) from 99 studies that includes location, soil depth, site name, dry bulk density, SOC, and/or soil organic matter (SOM). The MarSOC dataset includes 17,454 data points from 2,329 unique locations, and 29 countries. We generated a general transfer function for the conversion of SOM to SOC. Using this data we estimated a median (± median absolute deviation) value of 79.2 ± 38.1 Mg SOC ha
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Dataset ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775191-0
    ISSN 2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
    ISSN (online) 2052-4463
    ISSN 2052-4463
    DOI 10.1038/s41597-023-02633-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Household Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 in the United States.

    Lewis, Nathaniel M / Chu, Victoria T / Ye, Dongni / Conners, Erin E / Gharpure, Radhika / Laws, Rebecca L / Reses, Hannah E / Freeman, Brandi D / Fajans, Mark / Rabold, Elizabeth M / Dawson, Patrick / Buono, Sean / Yin, Sherry / Owusu, Daniel / Wadhwa, Ashutosh / Pomeroy, Mary / Yousaf, Anna / Pevzner, Eric / Njuguna, Henry /
    Battey, Katherine A / Tran, Cuc H / Fields, Victoria L / Salvatore, Phillip / O'Hegarty, Michelle / Vuong, Jeni / Chancey, Rebecca / Gregory, Christopher / Banks, Michelle / Rispens, Jared R / Dietrich, Elizabeth / Marcenac, Perrine / Matanock, Almea M / Duca, Lindsey / Binder, Allison / Fox, Garrett / Lester, Sandra / Mills, Lisa / Gerber, Susan I / Watson, John / Schumacher, Amy / Pawloski, Lucia / Thornburg, Natalie J / Hall, Aron J / Kiphibane, Tair / Willardson, Sarah / Christensen, Kim / Page, Lindsey / Bhattacharyya, Sanjib / Dasu, Trivikram / Christiansen, Ann / Pray, Ian W / Westergaard, Ryan P / Dunn, Angela C / Tate, Jacqueline E / Nabity, Scott A / Kirking, Hannah L

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2021  Volume 73, Issue 7, Page(s) 1805–1813

    Abstract: Background: The evidence base for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is nascent. We sought to characterize SARS-CoV-2 transmission within US households and estimate the household secondary infection rate (SIR) to inform ... ...

    Abstract Background: The evidence base for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is nascent. We sought to characterize SARS-CoV-2 transmission within US households and estimate the household secondary infection rate (SIR) to inform strategies to reduce transmission.
    Methods: We recruited patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and their household contacts in Utah and Wisconsin during 22 March 2020-25 April 2020. We interviewed patients and all household contacts to obtain demographics and medical histories. At the initial household visit, 14 days later, and when a household contact became newly symptomatic, we collected respiratory swabs from patients and household contacts for testing by SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and sera for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We estimated SIR and odds ratios (ORs) to assess risk factors for secondary infection, defined by a positive rRT-PCR or ELISA test.
    Results: Thirty-two (55%) of 58 households secondary infection among household contacts. The SIR was 29% (n = 55/188; 95% confidence interval [CI], 23%-36%) overall, 42% among children (aged <18 years) of the COVID-19 patient and 33% among spouses/partners. Household contacts to COVID-19 patients with immunocompromised conditions and household contacts who themselves had diabetes mellitus had increased odds of infection with ORs 15.9 (95% CI, 2.4-106.9) and 7.1 (95% CI: 1.2-42.5), respectively.
    Conclusions: We found substantial evidence of secondary infections among household contacts. People with COVID-19, particularly those with immunocompromising conditions or those with household contacts with diabetes, should take care to promptly self-isolate to prevent household transmission.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Child ; Contact Tracing ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States/epidemiology ; Wisconsin
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciaa1166
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  8. Article ; Online: Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain.

    Rosenberg, E / Andersen, T I / Samajdar, R / Petukhov, A / Hoke, J C / Abanin, D / Bengtsson, A / Drozdov, I K / Erickson, C / Klimov, P V / Mi, X / Morvan, A / Neeley, M / Neill, C / Acharya, R / Allen, R / Anderson, K / Ansmann, M / Arute, F /
    Arya, K / Asfaw, A / Atalaya, J / Bardin, J C / Bilmes, A / Bortoli, G / Bourassa, A / Bovaird, J / Brill, L / Broughton, M / Buckley, B B / Buell, D A / Burger, T / Burkett, B / Bushnell, N / Campero, J / Chang, H-S / Chen, Z / Chiaro, B / Chik, D / Cogan, J / Collins, R / Conner, P / Courtney, W / Crook, A L / Curtin, B / Debroy, D M / Barba, A Del Toro / Demura, S / Di Paolo, A / Dunsworth, A / Earle, C / Faoro, L / Farhi, E / Fatemi, R / Ferreira, V S / Burgos, L Flores / Forati, E / Fowler, A G / Foxen, B / Garcia, G / Genois, É / Giang, W / Gidney, C / Gilboa, D / Giustina, M / Gosula, R / Dau, A Grajales / Gross, J A / Habegger, S / Hamilton, M C / Hansen, M / Harrigan, M P / Harrington, S D / Heu, P / Hill, G / Hoffmann, M R / Hong, S / Huang, T / Huff, A / Huggins, W J / Ioffe, L B / Isakov, S V / Iveland, J / Jeffrey, E / Jiang, Z / Jones, C / Juhas, P / Kafri, D / Khattar, T / Khezri, M / Kieferová, M / Kim, S / Kitaev, A / Klots, A R / Korotkov, A N / Kostritsa, F / Kreikebaum, J M / Landhuis, D / Laptev, P / Lau, K-M / Laws, L / Lee, J / Lee, K W / Lensky, Y D / Lester, B J / Lill, A T / Liu, W / Locharla, A / Mandrà, S / Martin, O / Martin, S / McClean, J R / McEwen, M / Meeks, S / Miao, K C / Mieszala, A / Montazeri, S / Movassagh, R / Mruczkiewicz, W / Nersisyan, A / Newman, M / Ng, J H / Nguyen, A / Nguyen, M / Niu, M Y / O'Brien, T E / Omonije, S / Opremcak, A / Potter, R / Pryadko, L P / Quintana, C / Rhodes, D M / Rocque, C / Rubin, N C / Saei, N / Sank, D / Sankaragomathi, K / Satzinger, K J / Schurkus, H F / Schuster, C / Shearn, M J / Shorter, A / Shutty, N / Shvarts, V / Sivak, V / Skruzny, J / Smith, W Clarke / Somma, R D / Sterling, G / Strain, D / Szalay, M / Thor, D / Torres, A / Vidal, G / Villalonga, B / Heidweiller, C Vollgraff / White, T / Woo, B W K / Xing, C / Yao, Z Jamie / Yeh, P / Yoo, J / Young, G / Zalcman, A / Zhang, Y / Zhu, N / Zobrist, N / Neven, H / Babbush, R / Bacon, D / Boixo, S / Hilton, J / Lucero, E / Megrant, A / Kelly, J / Chen, Y / Smelyanskiy, V / Khemani, V / Gopalakrishnan, S / Prosen, T / Roushan, P

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2024  Volume 384, Issue 6691, Page(s) 48–53

    Abstract: Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality ... ...

    Abstract Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain's center, [Formula: see text]. The first two moments of [Formula: see text] show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.adi7877
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  9. Article: A nano particle vector comprised of poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid and monophosphoryl lipid A and recombinant Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis peptides stimulate a pro‐immune profile in bovine macrophages

    Souza, C.D / J.P. Bannantine / W.C. Brown / M.G. Norton / W.C. Davis / J.K. Hwang / P. Ziaei / G.S. Abdellrazeq / M.V. Eren / J.R. Deringer / E. Laws / M.C.D. Cardieri

    Journal of applied microbiology. 2017 July, v. 123, no. 1

    2017  

    Abstract: AIMS: We evaluated the potential of a nanoparticle (NP) delivery system to improve methods of delivery of candidate peptide‐based vaccines for Paratuberculosis in cattle. METHODS AND RESULTS: Peptides derived from Mycobacterium avium subsp. ... ...

    Abstract AIMS: We evaluated the potential of a nanoparticle (NP) delivery system to improve methods of delivery of candidate peptide‐based vaccines for Paratuberculosis in cattle. METHODS AND RESULTS: Peptides derived from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), and the pro‐inflammatory monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) were incorporated in polymeric NPs based on poly (d,l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA). The PLGA/MPLA NPs carriers were incubated with macrophages to examine their effects on survival and function. PLGA/MPLA NPs, with and without Map antigens, are efficiently phagocytized by macrophages with no evidence of toxicity. PLGA/MPLA NP formulations did not alter the level of expression of MHC I or II molecules. Expression of TNFα and IL12p40 was increased in Map‐loaded NPs. T‐cell proliferation studies using a model peptide from Anaplasma marginale demonstrated that a CD4 T‐cell recall response could be elicited with macrophages pulsed with the peptide encapsulated in the PLGA/MPLA NP. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate PLGA/MPLA NPs can be used as a vehicle for delivery and testing of candidate peptide‐based vaccines. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: These results will assist on more in depth studies on PLGA NP delivery systems that may lead to the development of a peptide‐based vaccine for cattle.
    Keywords Anaplasma marginale ; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes ; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ; antigens ; cattle ; interleukin-12 ; lipid A ; macrophages ; major histocompatibility complex ; models ; nanoparticles ; paratuberculosis ; toxicity ; tumor necrosis factor-alpha ; vaccines
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-07
    Size p. 54-65.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1358023-1
    ISSN 1365-2672 ; 1364-5072
    ISSN (online) 1365-2672
    ISSN 1364-5072
    DOI 10.1111/jam.13491
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Stable quantum-correlated many-body states through engineered dissipation.

    Mi, X / Michailidis, A A / Shabani, S / Miao, K C / Klimov, P V / Lloyd, J / Rosenberg, E / Acharya, R / Aleiner, I / Andersen, T I / Ansmann, M / Arute, F / Arya, K / Asfaw, A / Atalaya, J / Bardin, J C / Bengtsson, A / Bortoli, G / Bourassa, A /
    Bovaird, J / Brill, L / Broughton, M / Buckley, B B / Buell, D A / Burger, T / Burkett, B / Bushnell, N / Chen, Z / Chiaro, B / Chik, D / Chou, C / Cogan, J / Collins, R / Conner, P / Courtney, W / Crook, A L / Curtin, B / Dau, A G / Debroy, D M / Del Toro Barba, A / Demura, S / Di Paolo, A / Drozdov, I K / Dunsworth, A / Erickson, C / Faoro, L / Farhi, E / Fatemi, R / Ferreira, V S / Burgos, L F / Forati, E / Fowler, A G / Foxen, B / Genois, É / Giang, W / Gidney, C / Gilboa, D / Giustina, M / Gosula, R / Gross, J A / Habegger, S / Hamilton, M C / Hansen, M / Harrigan, M P / Harrington, S D / Heu, P / Hoffmann, M R / Hong, S / Huang, T / Huff, A / Huggins, W J / Ioffe, L B / Isakov, S V / Iveland, J / Jeffrey, E / Jiang, Z / Jones, C / Juhas, P / Kafri, D / Kechedzhi, K / Khattar, T / Khezri, M / Kieferová, M / Kim, S / Kitaev, A / Klots, A R / Korotkov, A N / Kostritsa, F / Kreikebaum, J M / Landhuis, D / Laptev, P / Lau, K-M / Laws, L / Lee, J / Lee, K W / Lensky, Y D / Lester, B J / Lill, A T / Liu, W / Locharla, A / Malone, F D / Martin, O / McClean, J R / McEwen, M / Mieszala, A / Montazeri, S / Morvan, A / Movassagh, R / Mruczkiewicz, W / Neeley, M / Neill, C / Nersisyan, A / Newman, M / Ng, J H / Nguyen, A / Nguyen, M / Niu, M Y / O'Brien, T E / Opremcak, A / Petukhov, A / Potter, R / Pryadko, L P / Quintana, C / Rocque, C / Rubin, N C / Saei, N / Sank, D / Sankaragomathi, K / Satzinger, K J / Schurkus, H F / Schuster, C / Shearn, M J / Shorter, A / Shutty, N / Shvarts, V / Skruzny, J / Smith, W C / Somma, R / Sterling, G / Strain, D / Szalay, M / Torres, A / Vidal, G / Villalonga, B / Heidweiller, C V / White, T / Woo, B W K / Xing, C / Yao, Z J / Yeh, P / Yoo, J / Young, G / Zalcman, A / Zhang, Y / Zhu, N / Zobrist, N / Neven, H / Babbush, R / Bacon, D / Boixo, S / Hilton, J / Lucero, E / Megrant, A / Kelly, J / Chen, Y / Roushan, P / Smelyanskiy, V / Abanin, D A

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2024  Volume 383, Issue 6689, Page(s) 1332–1337

    Abstract: Engineered dissipative reservoirs have the potential to steer many-body quantum systems toward correlated steady states useful for quantum simulation of high-temperature superconductivity or quantum magnetism. Using up to 49 superconducting qubits, we ... ...

    Abstract Engineered dissipative reservoirs have the potential to steer many-body quantum systems toward correlated steady states useful for quantum simulation of high-temperature superconductivity or quantum magnetism. Using up to 49 superconducting qubits, we prepared low-energy states of the transverse-field Ising model through coupling to dissipative auxiliary qubits. In one dimension, we observed long-range quantum correlations and a ground-state fidelity of 0.86 for 18 qubits at the critical point. In two dimensions, we found mutual information that extends beyond nearest neighbors. Lastly, by coupling the system to auxiliaries emulating reservoirs with different chemical potentials, we explored transport in the quantum Heisenberg model. Our results establish engineered dissipation as a scalable alternative to unitary evolution for preparing entangled many-body states on noisy quantum processors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.adh9932
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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