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  1. Article ; Online: Breakthroughs, boosters, and beyond: a practical primer on current challenges with COVID-19

    Stokes, Sonya / Shek, Karen / Hung, Michelle

    Emergency medicine practice

    2021  Volume 23, Issue Suppl 10, Page(s) 1–22

    Abstract: Identifying the extent to which breakthrough infections are contributing to the spread of COVID-19 can help guide vaccination policies and other infection prevention and control protocols to promote public health and safety. This special report ... ...

    Abstract Identifying the extent to which breakthrough infections are contributing to the spread of COVID-19 can help guide vaccination policies and other infection prevention and control protocols to promote public health and safety. This special report summarizes key studies on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness and presents caveats to these studies.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1559-3908
    ISSN (online) 1559-3908
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Practical protocols for managing patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in the emergency department.

    Leibner, Evan S / Stokes, Sonya / Ahmad, Danish / Legome, Eric

    Emergency medicine practice

    2021  Volume 23, Issue Suppl 2, Page(s) 1–38

    Abstract: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in late 2019 and grew rapidly into a pandemic. As of the writing of this monograph, there are over 100 million confirmed cases worldwide and 2.3 ... ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in late 2019 and grew rapidly into a pandemic. As of the writing of this monograph, there are over 100 million confirmed cases worldwide and 2.3 million deaths.1 New York City, with over 630,000 COVID-19-positive patients and over 27,000 deaths, became the infection epicenter in the United States. The Mount Sinai Health System, with 8 hospitals spread across New York City and Long Island, has been on the forefront of the pandemic. This compendium summarizes the lessons learned through interdisciplinary collaborations to meet the varied challenges created by the explosive appearance of the infection in our community, and will be updated continuously as new research and best practices emerge. It is our hope is that the collaborations and lessons learned that went into creating these guidelines and protocols can serve as a useful template for other systems to adapt to their fight against COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; Clinical Protocols ; Cooperative Behavior ; Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration ; Humans ; Infection Control/organization & administration ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; New York City/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1559-3908
    ISSN (online) 1559-3908
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Coefficient α as a Measure of Test Score Reliability: Review of 3 Popular Misconceptions.

    Morera, Osvaldo F / Stokes, Sonya M

    American journal of public health

    2016  Volume 106, Issue 3, Page(s) 458–461

    Abstract: We discuss 3 popular misconceptions about Cronbach α or coefficient α, traditionally used in public health and the behavioral sciences as an index of test score reliability. We also review several other indices of test score reliability. We encourage ... ...

    Abstract We discuss 3 popular misconceptions about Cronbach α or coefficient α, traditionally used in public health and the behavioral sciences as an index of test score reliability. We also review several other indices of test score reliability. We encourage researchers to thoughtfully consider the nature of their data and the options when choosing an index of reliability, and to clearly communicate this choice and its implications to their audiences.
    MeSH term(s) Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121100-6
    ISSN 1541-0048 ; 0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
    ISSN (online) 1541-0048
    ISSN 0090-0036 ; 0002-9572
    DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302993
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Emergency department COVID management policies: one institution's experience and lessons learned.

    Leibner, Evan S / Stokes, Sonya / Ahmad, Danish / Legome, Eric

    Emergency medicine practice

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 5 Suppl, Page(s) 1

    Abstract: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in late 2019 and grew rapidly into a pandemic. As of the writing of this monograph, there are over 2 million confirmed cases worldwide and 147,000 ... ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in late 2019 and grew rapidly into a pandemic. As of the writing of this monograph, there are over 2 million confirmed cases worldwide and 147,000 deaths. New York City, with over 120,000 COVID-19-positive patients and over 11,000 deaths, has become the infection epicenter in the United States. The Mount Sinai Health System, with 8 hospitals spread across New York City and Long Island, has been on the forefront of the pandemic. This compendium summarizes the lessons learned through interdisciplinary collaborations to meet the varied challenges created by the explosive appearance of the infection in our community, and will be updated continuously as new research and best practices emerge. It is our hope is that the collaborations and lessons learned that went into creating these guidelines and protocols can serve as a useful template for other systems to adapt to their fight against COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Cooperative Behavior ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration ; Humans ; Interprofessional Relations ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Patient Care Team ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1559-3908
    ISSN (online) 1559-3908
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Emergency department COVID management policies: one institution's experience and lessons learned

    Leibner, Evan S / Stokes, Sonya / Ahmad, Danish / Legome, Eric

    Emerg Med Pract

    Abstract: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in late 2019 and grew rapidly into a pandemic. As of the writing of this monograph, there are over 2 million confirmed cases worldwide and 147,000 ... ...

    Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in late 2019 and grew rapidly into a pandemic. As of the writing of this monograph, there are over 2 million confirmed cases worldwide and 147,000 deaths. New York City, with over 120,000 COVID-19-positive patients and over 11,000 deaths, has become the infection epicenter in the United States. The Mount Sinai Health System, with 8 hospitals spread across New York City and Long Island, has been on the forefront of the pandemic. This compendium summarizes the lessons learned through interdisciplinary collaborations to meet the varied challenges created by the explosive appearance of the infection in our community, and will be updated continuously as new research and best practices emerge. It is our hope is that the collaborations and lessons learned that went into creating these guidelines and protocols can serve as a useful template for other systems to adapt to their fight against COVID-19.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #32365287
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article ; Online: Care Seeking Patterns Among Women Who Have Experienced Gender-Based Violence in Afghanistan.

    Stokes, Sonya / Seritan, Andreea L / Miller, Elizabeth

    Violence against women

    2016  Volume 22, Issue 7, Page(s) 817–831

    Abstract: This study explored patterns of abuse and care seeking among women victims of gender-based violence (GBV) in Afghanistan. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 Afghan women (M age = 19 years) living in a shelter for victims of GBV. ...

    Abstract This study explored patterns of abuse and care seeking among women victims of gender-based violence (GBV) in Afghanistan. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 Afghan women (M age = 19 years) living in a shelter for victims of GBV. Interviews were analyzed thematically. Participants reported experiencing multiple forms of abuse. The majority received medical treatment for abuse-related health concerns. However, less than half reported abuse to health care providers or were asked by health care providers about the context of their injuries. Strategies to improve health care responses to GBV are needed to ensure safety and support for Afghan women.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Afghanistan ; Battered Women/psychology ; Battered Women/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Help-Seeking Behavior ; Humans ; Self Report ; Sex Offenses/psychology ; Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2031375-5
    ISSN 1552-8448 ; 1077-8012
    ISSN (online) 1552-8448
    ISSN 1077-8012
    DOI 10.1177/1077801215616807
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Development and Validation of the FSIQ-RMS: A New Patient-Reported Questionnaire to Assess Symptoms and Impacts of Fatigue in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.

    Hudgens, Stacie / Schüler, René / Stokes, Jonathan / Eremenco, Sonya / Hunsche, Elke / Leist, Thomas P

    Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research

    2019  Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 453–466

    Abstract: Objectives: A new patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument to measure fatigue symptoms and impacts in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) was developed in a qualitative stage, followed by psychometric validation and migration from paper to an electronic ...

    Abstract Objectives: A new patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument to measure fatigue symptoms and impacts in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) was developed in a qualitative stage, followed by psychometric validation and migration from paper to an electronic format.
    Methods: Adult patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) were interviewed to elicit fatigue-related symptoms and impacts. A draft questionnaire was debriefed in cognitive interviews with further RRMS patients, and revised. Content confirmation interviews were conducted with patients with progressive-relapsing multiple sclerosis (PRMS) and relapsing secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (RSPMS). Psychometric analyses used data from adult patients with different RMS subtypes and matched non-RMS controls in a multicenter, observational study. After item reduction, the final instrument was migrated to a smartphone (eDiary) and usability was confirmed in interviews with additional adult RMS patients.
    Results: The qualitative stage included 37 RRMS, 5 PRMS, and 5 RSPMS patients. Saturation of concepts was reached during concept elicitation. Cognitive interviews confirmed that participants understood the instructions, items, and response options of the instrument-named FSIQ-RMS-as intended. Psychometric validation included 164 RMS and 74 control patients. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were demonstrated. The symptoms domain discriminated along the RMS symptom-severity continuum and between patients and controls. Patients were able to attribute fatigue-related symptoms to RMS. Usability and conceptual equivalence of the eDiary were confirmed (n = 10 participants).
    Conclusions: With 7 symptom items and 13 impact items (in 3 impacts subdomains: physical, cognitive and emotional, and coping) after item reduction, the FSIQ-RMS is a comprehensive, valid, and reliable measure of fatigue-related symptoms and impacts in RMS patients.
    MeSH term(s) Activities of Daily Living ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cognition ; Comprehension ; Cost of Illness ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fatigue/diagnosis ; Fatigue/epidemiology ; Fatigue/physiopathology ; Fatigue/psychology ; Female ; Health Status ; Health Status Indicators ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/diagnosis ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/epidemiology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/physiopathology ; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting/psychology ; Patient Reported Outcome Measures ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Psychometrics ; Qualitative Research ; Reproducibility of Results ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Studies
    ZDB-ID 1471745-1
    ISSN 1524-4733 ; 1098-3015
    ISSN (online) 1524-4733
    ISSN 1098-3015
    DOI 10.1016/j.jval.2018.11.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Barriers to the utilization of community-based child and newborn health services in Ethiopia: a scoping review.

    Miller, Nathan P / Bagheri Ardestani, Farid / Wong, Hayes / Stokes, Sonya / Mengistu, Birkety / Paulos, Meron / Agonafir, Nesibu / Sylla, Mariame / Ameha, Agazi / Birhanu, Bizuhan Gelaw / Khan, Sadaf / Lemango, Ephrem Tekle

    Health policy and planning

    2021  Volume 36, Issue 7, Page(s) 1187–1196

    Abstract: The Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health and partners have scaled up integrated community case management (iCCM) and community-based newborn care (CBNC), allowing health extension workers (HEWs) to manage the major causes of child and newborn death at ... ...

    Abstract The Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health and partners have scaled up integrated community case management (iCCM) and community-based newborn care (CBNC), allowing health extension workers (HEWs) to manage the major causes of child and newborn death at the community level. However, low service uptake remains a key challenge. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed and grey literature to assess barriers to the utilization of HEW services and to explore potential solutions. The review, which was conducted to inform the Optimizing the Health Extension Program project, which aimed to increase the utilization of iCCM and CBNC services, included 24 peer-reviewed articles and 18 grey literature documents. Demand-side barriers to utilization included lack of knowledge about the signs and symptoms of childhood illnesses and danger signs; low awareness of curative services offered by HEWs; preference for home-based care, traditional care, or religious intervention; distance, lack of transportation and cost of care seeking; the need to obtain husband's permission to seek care and opposition of traditional or religious leaders. Supply-side barriers included health post closures, drug stockouts, disrespectful care and limited skill and confidence of HEWs, particularly with regard to the management of newborn illnesses. Potential solutions included community education and demand generation activities, finding ways to facilitate and subsidize transportation to health facilities, engaging family members and traditional and religious leaders, ensuring consistent availability of services at health posts and strengthening supervision and supply chain management. Both demand generation and improvement of service delivery are necessary to achieve the expected impact of iCCM and CBNC. Key steps for improving utilization would be carrying out multifaceted demand generation activities, ensuring availability of HEWs in health posts and ensuring consistent supplies of essential commodities. The Women's Development Army has the potential to improving linkages between HEWs and communities, but this strategy needs to be strengthened to be effective.
    MeSH term(s) Case Management ; Child ; Community Health Services ; Community Health Workers ; Ethiopia ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632896-9
    ISSN 1460-2237 ; 0268-1080
    ISSN (online) 1460-2237
    ISSN 0268-1080
    DOI 10.1093/heapol/czab047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: CSF-contacting neurons regulate locomotion by relaying mechanical stimuli to spinal circuits.

    Böhm, Urs Lucas / Prendergast, Andrew / Djenoune, Lydia / Nunes Figueiredo, Sophie / Gomez, Johanna / Stokes, Caleb / Kaiser, Sonya / Suster, Maximilliano / Kawakami, Koichi / Charpentier, Marine / Concordet, Jean-Paul / Rio, Jean-Paul / Del Bene, Filippo / Wyart, Claire

    Nature communications

    2016  Volume 7, Page(s) 10866

    Abstract: Throughout vertebrates, cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) are ciliated cells surrounding the central canal in the ventral spinal cord. Their contribution to modulate locomotion remains undetermined. Recently, we have shown CSF-cNs modulate ...

    Abstract Throughout vertebrates, cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) are ciliated cells surrounding the central canal in the ventral spinal cord. Their contribution to modulate locomotion remains undetermined. Recently, we have shown CSF-cNs modulate locomotion by directly projecting onto the locomotor central pattern generators (CPGs), but the sensory modality these cells convey to spinal circuits and their relevance to innate locomotion remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate in vivo that CSF-cNs form an intraspinal mechanosensory organ that detects spinal bending. By performing calcium imaging in moving animals, we show that CSF-cNs respond to both passive and active bending of the spinal cord. In mutants for the channel Pkd2l1, CSF-cNs lose their response to bending and animals show a selective reduction of tail beat frequency, confirming the central role of this feedback loop for optimizing locomotion. Altogether, our study reveals that CSF-cNs constitute a mechanosensory organ operating during locomotion to modulate spinal CPGs.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cell Movement ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/cytology ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Mechanoreceptors/cytology ; Mechanoreceptors/metabolism ; Neurons/cytology ; Neurons/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/chemistry ; Spinal Cord/cytology ; Spinal Cord/metabolism ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels/genetics ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels/metabolism ; Zebrafish/genetics ; Zebrafish/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics ; Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Transient Receptor Potential Channels ; Zebrafish Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/ncomms10866
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Kabul, Afghanistan: a hospital-based retrospective review.

    Fader, Tim / Parks, John / Khan, Najeeb Ullah / Manning, Richard / Stokes, Sonya / Nasir, Nasir Ahmad

    International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

    2010  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e102–10

    Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this study is to amplify the knowledge base of the epidemiology, symptoms, and signs of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Afghanistan.: Methods: This is a retrospective review of EPTB diagnosed at CURE International ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study is to amplify the knowledge base of the epidemiology, symptoms, and signs of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Afghanistan.
    Methods: This is a retrospective review of EPTB diagnosed at CURE International Hospital and CURE Family Health Center (FHC) in Kabul, Afghanistan during a recent 20-month period.
    Results: One hundred eighteen cases were identified from patients presenting to the hospital and FHC. This group represents the spectrum of EPTB seen at a single referral center in Kabul. The ratio of females to males was 2.03:1. Lymph node tuberculosis comprised the greatest number of EPTB cases (37.3%, n=44). The central nervous system was the next most frequent site of EPTB involvement (20.3%, n=24), followed in descending order by skeletal, pleural, abdominal, cutaneous, genitourinary, pericardial, miliary, and breast tuberculosis.
    Conclusions: The 2:1 ratio of female to male EPTB cases coincides with the unusual epidemiologic pattern seen in smear-positive pulmonary TB in Afghanistan. As the first epidemiological report of EPTB from Afghanistan, this study illustrates the varied presentations of EPTB that should be known by healthcare workers throughout the country.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Afghanistan/epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitals, Urban/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/microbiology ; Tuberculosis/pathology ; Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/pathology ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/pathology ; Tuberculosis, Pleural/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Pleural/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pleural/microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Pleural/pathology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1331197-9
    ISSN 1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
    ISSN (online) 1878-3511
    ISSN 1201-9712
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.03.023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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