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  1. Article ; Online: Breast core needle biopsy: issues and controversies.

    Bilous, Michael

    Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc

    2010  Volume 23 Suppl 2, Page(s) S36–45

    Abstract: Core needle biopsy (CNB) is increasingly being used in the investigation of breast disease whether this is asymptomatic and suspected after screening mammography, or presents symptomatically in the patient. In most cases, the result of the procedure ... ...

    Abstract Core needle biopsy (CNB) is increasingly being used in the investigation of breast disease whether this is asymptomatic and suspected after screening mammography, or presents symptomatically in the patient. In most cases, the result of the procedure provides a definitive diagnosis or at least provides information that is used to plan the further management of the patient. There are, however, a number of unresolved issues with the use of CNB; for example, with regard to the amount of information that can be reliably derived from CNB or with regard to the management of the patient after some CNB diagnoses. Oestrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2 are reported on both core biopsies and excision specimens, but there continues to be debate over which represents the more appropriate specimen type on which to perform these tests. There are a number of possible diagnoses after CNB for which the management is not straightforward and around which there may be controversy, or just a lack of sufficient evidence to support a definite management plan. These 'lesions of uncertain malignant potential' include papillary lesions, fibroepithelial lesions with cellular stroma, mucocoele-like lesions and radial scars. Currently, these are removed surgically but there may be an argument for more conservative management including vacuum-assisted core excision in some cases.
    MeSH term(s) Biopsy, Needle/methods ; Biopsy, Needle/standards ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Pathology, Surgical/methods ; Pathology, Surgical/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-05-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645073-8
    ISSN 1530-0285 ; 0893-3952
    ISSN (online) 1530-0285
    ISSN 0893-3952
    DOI 10.1038/modpathol.2010.34
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    Zs.A 2450: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Resolving the Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis Conundrum: The Need for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Treatment.

    Bilous, Rudolf W / Jacklin, Paul B / Maresh, Michael J / Sacks, David A

    Diabetes care

    2020  Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 858–864

    Abstract: The diagnosis of and criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) continue to divide the scientific and medical community, both between and within countries. Many argue for universal adoption of the International Association of the Diabetes and ... ...

    Abstract The diagnosis of and criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) continue to divide the scientific and medical community, both between and within countries. Many argue for universal adoption of the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria and feel that further clinical trials are unjustified and even unethical. However, there are concerns about the large increase in number of women who would be diagnosed with GDM using these criteria and the subsequent impact on health care resources and the individual. This Perspective reviews the origins of the IADPSG consensus and points out some of its less well-known limitations, particularly with respect to identifying women at risk for an adverse pregnancy outcome. It also questions the clinical and cost-effectiveness data often cited to support the IADPSG glycemic thresholds. We present the argument that adoption of diagnostic criteria defining GDM should be based on response to treatment at different diagnostic thresholds of maternal glycemia. This will likely require an international multicenter trial of treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis ; Diabetes, Gestational/therapy ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Pregnancy in Diabetics ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Multicenter Studies as Topic
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 441231-x
    ISSN 1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
    ISSN (online) 1935-5548
    ISSN 0149-5992
    DOI 10.2337/dc20-2941
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1434: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 365: Show issues

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  3. Article ; Online: CKD and Diabetes: What Can We Learn From Their Similarities and Differences?

    Levey, Andrew S / Bilous, Rudy / Shlipak, Michael G

    American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation

    2016  Volume 67, Issue 3, Page(s) 360–363

    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/therapy ; Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis ; Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies/physiopathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies/prevention & control ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney/pathology ; Kidney/physiopathology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/prevention & control ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 604539-x
    ISSN 1523-6838 ; 0272-6386
    ISSN (online) 1523-6838
    ISSN 0272-6386
    DOI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.12.003
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    Zs.A 1669: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 468: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: HER2 testing in breast cancer: an overview of current techniques and recent developments.

    Pathmanathan, N / Bilous, A Michael

    Pathology

    2012  Volume 44, Issue 7, Page(s) 587–595

    Abstract: Testing for HER2 positivity in breast cancer carries implications for prognosis and therapeutic response in patients. In recent times there have been numerous developments and refinements in the available technologies for HER2 testing. In addition to ... ...

    Abstract Testing for HER2 positivity in breast cancer carries implications for prognosis and therapeutic response in patients. In recent times there have been numerous developments and refinements in the available technologies for HER2 testing. In addition to this, guidelines have been developed and modified in an attempt to improve reliability and accuracy of testing. Immunohistochemistry and FISH testing have been the most widely used methodology, and the technique which has the largest knowledge base. Some of the inherent disadvantages have prompted the development of newer brightfield techniques which overcome some of these issues. There is gathering experience with these emerging technologies. Despite efforts to optimise and standardise procedures there remains a small percentage of cases that continue to be unresolved, whether this be due to issues of polysomy of chromosome 17, other complex genetic changes or analytical/interpretative issues. An ideal method for the resolution of these equivocal results should be considered in a specialised testing/referral centre, and this may include karyotyping studies of chromosome 17 or multiple probes for chromosome 17 using fluorescence in situ hybridisation or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification.It is timely to review of some of the newer techniques available for routine testing and approaches for cases which prove difficult to resolve using conventional testing methodology.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry/methods ; In Situ Hybridization/methods ; Karyotyping/methods ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Prognosis ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 7085-3
    ISSN 1465-3931 ; 0031-3025
    ISSN (online) 1465-3931
    ISSN 0031-3025
    DOI 10.1097/PAT.0b013e328359cf9a
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    Zs.A 723: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: ASCO/CAP 2018 breast cancer HER2 testing guidelines: summary of pertinent recommendations for practice in Australia.

    Farshid, Gelareh / Bilous, Michael / Morey, Adrienne / Fox, Stephen / Lakhani, Sunil / Loi, Sherene / Bell, Richard / Spillane, Andrew

    Pathology

    2019  Volume 51, Issue 4, Page(s) 345–348

    Abstract: The latest update to the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) HER2 testing in breast cancer guidelines was published in 2018. A multidisciplinary expert committee, convened under the auspices of the Royal ... ...

    Abstract The latest update to the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) HER2 testing in breast cancer guidelines was published in 2018. A multidisciplinary expert committee, convened under the auspices of the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA) Structured Pathology Reporting framework, evaluated the implications of these guidelines for clinical practice in Australia. Following feedback from professional bodies, including the RCPA and CanSAC, peer review was invited. The final document prepared by the authors, endorsed by the Expert Committee RCPA Structured Pathology Reporting of Breast Cancer and by CanSAC, is published herein.
    MeSH term(s) Australasia ; Australia ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Pathologists ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism ; Societies, Medical
    Chemical Substances ERBB2 protein, human (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 7085-3
    ISSN 1465-3931 ; 0031-3025
    ISSN (online) 1465-3931
    ISSN 0031-3025
    DOI 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.02.004
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    Zs.A 723: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Management of lesions of uncertain malignant potential on breast core needle histology: vacuum-assisted excision as an alternative to surgical excision.

    Bilous, Michael / Houssami, Nehmat

    Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)

    2008  Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) 543–544

    MeSH term(s) Biopsy, Needle ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Segmental/methods ; Patient Selection ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comment ; Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1143210-x
    ISSN 1532-3080 ; 0960-9776
    ISSN (online) 1532-3080
    ISSN 0960-9776
    DOI 10.1016/j.breast.2008.10.001
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    Zs.A 3620: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 588: Show issues

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  7. Article ; Online: Global forest management data for 2015 at a 100 m resolution.

    Lesiv, Myroslava / Schepaschenko, Dmitry / Buchhorn, Marcel / See, Linda / Dürauer, Martina / Georgieva, Ivelina / Jung, Martin / Hofhansl, Florian / Schulze, Katharina / Bilous, Andrii / Blyshchyk, Volodymyr / Mukhortova, Liudmila / Brenes, Carlos Luis Muñoz / Krivobokov, Leonid / Ntie, Stephan / Tsogt, Khongor / Pietsch, Stephan Alexander / Tikhonova, Elena / Kim, Moonil /
    Di Fulvio, Fulvio / Su, Yuan-Fong / Zadorozhniuk, Roma / Sirbu, Flavius Sorin / Panging, Kripal / Bilous, Svitlana / Kovalevskii, Sergii B / Kraxner, Florian / Rabia, Ahmed Harb / Vasylyshyn, Roman / Ahmed, Rekib / Diachuk, Petro / Kovalevskyi, Serhii S / Bungnamei, Khangsembou / Bordoloi, Kusumbor / Churilov, Andrii / Vasylyshyn, Olesia / Sahariah, Dhrubajyoti / Tertyshnyi, Anatolii P / Saikia, Anup / Malek, Žiga / Singha, Kuleswar / Feshchenko, Roman / Prestele, Reinhard / Akhtar, Ibrar Ul Hassan / Sharma, Kiran / Domashovets, Galyna / Spawn-Lee, Seth A / Blyshchyk, Oleksii / Slyva, Oleksandr / Ilkiv, Mariia / Melnyk, Oleksandr / Sliusarchuk, Vitalii / Karpuk, Anatolii / Terentiev, Andrii / Bilous, Valentin / Blyshchyk, Kateryna / Bilous, Maxim / Bogovyk, Nataliia / Blyshchyk, Ivan / Bartalev, Sergey / Yatskov, Mikhail / Smets, Bruno / Visconti, Piero / Mccallum, Ian / Obersteiner, Michael / Fritz, Steffen

    Scientific data

    2022  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 199

    Abstract: Spatially explicit information on forest management at a global scale is critical for understanding the status of forests, for planning sustainable forest management and restoration, and conservation activities. Here, we produce the first reference data ... ...

    Abstract Spatially explicit information on forest management at a global scale is critical for understanding the status of forests, for planning sustainable forest management and restoration, and conservation activities. Here, we produce the first reference data set and a prototype of a globally consistent forest management map with high spatial detail on the most prevalent forest management classes such as intact forests, managed forests with natural regeneration, planted forests, plantation forest (rotation up to 15 years), oil palm plantations, and agroforestry. We developed the reference dataset of 226 K unique locations through a series of expert and crowdsourcing campaigns using Geo-Wiki ( https://www.geo-wiki.org/ ). We then combined the reference samples with time series from PROBA-V satellite imagery to create a global wall-to-wall map of forest management at a 100 m resolution for the year 2015, with forest management class accuracies ranging from 58% to 80%. The reference data set and the map present the status of forest ecosystems and can be used for investigating the value of forests for species, ecosystems and their services.
    MeSH term(s) Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Forests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Dataset ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775191-0
    ISSN 2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
    ISSN (online) 2052-4463
    ISSN 2052-4463
    DOI 10.1038/s41597-022-01332-3
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  8. Article ; Online: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status of gastric cancer patients in Asia: results from a large, multicountry study.

    Pathmanathan, Nirmala / Geng, Jing-Shu / Li, Wencai / Nie, Xiu / Veloso, Januario / Wang, John / Hill, Julie / Mccloud, Philip / Bilous, Michael

    Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology

    2017  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 249–260

    Abstract: Aim: Current estimates of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positivity rate in gastric cancer vary widely in the literature, and there are limited data from countries in Asia. The primary aim of this study was to conduct a clinical ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Current estimates of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positivity rate in gastric cancer vary widely in the literature, and there are limited data from countries in Asia. The primary aim of this study was to conduct a clinical audit of laboratories across seven countries in Asia to determine the incidence of HER2-positive gastric cancer in this region.
    Methods: Pathologists were asked to collect data on patient gender, age, cancer site, specimen type, tumor spread, type and grade, HER2 test results, including protein and/or gene copy enumeration, and final HER2 status on consecutive gastric cancer cases tested for HER2 in their laboratory over a 2-year period.
    Results: HER2 results from 5,301 gastric cancers were submitted by 50 laboratories. The overall HER2-positivity rate was 9.7% which, after the exclusion of China, increased to 18.1%. The rate between countries ranged from 0% to 23.1%, and from 0% to 50.0% between laboratories. An equivocal HER2 result was recorded in 19.5% of cases.
    Conclusion: Despite the lack of centralized testing to confirm the accuracy of HER2 diagnoses, the incidence of HER2-positive gastric cancer observed here was comparable to that reported in the literature. Nevertheless, rates were highly variable between countries and laboratories, which suggests a lack of HER2 testing expertise in gastric cancer. Given that the mortality rates for gastric cancer in Eastern Asia are the highest in the world, efforts should focus on improving HER2 testing expertise in the region so that patients receive the appropriate treatment early in their disease.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2187409-8
    ISSN 1743-7563 ; 1743-7555
    ISSN (online) 1743-7563
    ISSN 1743-7555
    DOI 10.1111/ajco.12653
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  9. Article ; Online: A cost-effectiveness comparison of the NICE 2015 and WHO 2013 diagnostic criteria for women with gestational diabetes with and without risk factors.

    Jacklin, Paul Brian / Maresh, Michael Ja / Patterson, Chris C / Stanley, Katharine P / Dornhorst, Anne / Burman-Roy, Shona / Bilous, Rudy W

    BMJ open

    2017  Volume 7, Issue 8, Page(s) e016621

    Abstract: Objectives: To compare the cost-effectiveness (CE) of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2015 and the WHO 2013 diagnostic thresholds for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).: Setting: The analysis was from the perspective of ...

    Abstract Objectives: To compare the cost-effectiveness (CE) of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2015 and the WHO 2013 diagnostic thresholds for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
    Setting: The analysis was from the perspective of the National Health Service in England and Wales.
    Participants: 6221 patients from four of the Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study centres (two UK, two Australian), 6308 patients from the Atlantic Diabetes in Pregnancy study and 12 755 patients from UK clinical practice.
    Primary and secondary outcome measures planned: The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY), net monetary benefit (NMB) and the probability of being cost-effective at CE thresholds of £20 000 and £30 000 per QALY.
    Results: In a population of pregnant women from the four HAPO study centres and using NICE-defined risk factors for GDM, diagnosing GDM using NICE 2015 criteria had an NMB of £239 902 (relative to no treatment) at a CE threshold of £30 000 per QALY compared with WHO 2013 criteria, which had an NMB of £186 675. NICE 2015 criteria had a 51.5% probability of being cost-effective compared with the WHO 2013 diagnostic criteria, which had a 27.6% probability of being cost-effective (no treatment had a 21.0% probability of being cost-effective). For women without NICE risk factors in this population, the NMBs for NICE 2015 and WHO 2013 criteria were both negative relative to no treatment and no treatment had a 78.1% probability of being cost-effective.
    Conclusion: The NICE 2015 diagnostic criteria for GDM can be considered cost-effective relative to the WHO 2013 alternative at a CE threshold of £30 000 per QALY. Universal screening for GDM was not found to be cost-effective relative to screening based on NICE risk factors.
    MeSH term(s) Australia ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis ; Diabetes, Gestational/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Patient Selection ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Risk Factors ; State Medicine ; United Kingdom ; World Health Organization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 2747269-3
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016621
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status of breast cancer patients in Asia: Results from a large, multicountry study.

    Pathmanathan, Nirmala / Geng, Jing-Shu / Li, Wencai / Nie, Xiu / Veloso, Januario / Hill, Julie / McCloud, Philip / Bilous, Michael

    Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology

    2016  Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 369–379

    Abstract: Aim: Current estimates of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positivity rate in breast cancer are largely based on studies from the United States, Europe and Australia, and might not reflect the rate among breast cancer patients in Asia. ...

    Abstract Aim: Current estimates of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positivity rate in breast cancer are largely based on studies from the United States, Europe and Australia, and might not reflect the rate among breast cancer patients in Asia. The primary aim of this study was to conduct a clinical audit of laboratories across eight countries in Asia to determine the incidence of HER2-positive breast cancer in this region.
    Methods: Pathology laboratories submitted data on breast cancers consecutively tested for HER2 over a two-year period. The proportion of HER2-positive, -equivocal and -negative tumors was determined for each country and overall. HER2-positivity rate by age and histological grade was also determined.
    Results: HER2 results from 30 179 breast cancers were submitted by 96 laboratories. The overall HER2-positivity rate was 23.5%; the rate between countries ranged from 19.7% to 44.2%, and from 4.4% to 51.6% between laboratories. An equivocal HER2 result was recorded in 18.2% of cases. Discrepancies between laboratories suggest that testing expertise contributes to variations seen in HER2 status across laboratories, as well as the generally higher rate of HER2-positivity that was recorded.
    Conclusion: In this study, the incidence of HER2-positive breast cancer diagnosed in Asian women was higher than published studies on women from Western countries. In addition, the study found that women in Asian countries presented with breast cancer at an earlier age, with a higher histological grade. This study serves to highlight the challenges with HER2 testing and data collection in a large multicenter Asian cohort.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Asia ; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics ; United States
    Chemical Substances ERBB2 protein, human (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 2187409-8
    ISSN 1743-7563 ; 1743-7555
    ISSN (online) 1743-7563
    ISSN 1743-7555
    DOI 10.1111/ajco.12514
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