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Article ; Online: Feedback loops between 3D vegetation structure and ecological functions of animals.

Russo, Nicholas J / Davies, Andrew B / Blakey, Rachel V / Ordway, Elsa M / Smith, Thomas B

2023 Volume 26, Issue 9, Page(s) 1597–1613

Abstract: Ecosystems function in a series of feedback loops that can change or maintain vegetation structure. Vegetation structure influences the ecological niche space available to animals, shaping many aspects of behaviour and reproduction. In turn, animals ... ...

Abstract	Ecosystems function in a series of feedback loops that can change or maintain vegetation structure. Vegetation structure influences the ecological niche space available to animals, shaping many aspects of behaviour and reproduction. In turn, animals perform ecological functions that shape vegetation structure. However, most studies concerning three-dimensional vegetation structure and animal ecology consider only a single direction of this relationship. Here, we review these separate lines of research and integrate them into a unified concept that describes a feedback mechanism. We also show how remote sensing and animal tracking technologies are now available at the global scale to describe feedback loops and their consequences for ecosystem functioning. An improved understanding of how animals interact with vegetation structure in feedback loops is needed to conserve ecosystems that face major disruptions in response to climate and land-use change.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Feedback ; Remote Sensing Technology ; Ecology ; Climate ; Climate Change
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.14272
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Article ; Online: Extracellular Acidification Induces Lysosomal Dysregulation.

Ordway, Bryce / Gillies, Robert J / Damaghi, Mehdi

Cells

2021 Volume 10, Issue 5

Abstract: Many invasive cancers emerge through a years-long process of somatic evolution, characterized by an accumulation of heritable genetic and epigenetic changes and the emergence of increasingly aggressive clonal populations. In solid tumors, such as breast ... ...

Abstract	Many invasive cancers emerge through a years-long process of somatic evolution, characterized by an accumulation of heritable genetic and epigenetic changes and the emergence of increasingly aggressive clonal populations. In solid tumors, such as breast ductal carcinoma, the extracellular environment for cells within the nascent tumor is harsh and imposes different types of stress on cells, such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and cytokine inflammation. Acidosis is a constant stressor of most cancer cells due to its production through fermentation of glucose to lactic acid in hypoxic or normoxic regions (Warburg effect). Over a short period of time, acid stress can have a profound effect on the function of lysosomes within the cells exposed to this environment, and after long term exposure, lysosomal function of the cancer cells can become completely dysregulated. Whether this dysregulation is due to an epigenetic change or evolutionary selection has yet to be determined, but understanding the mechanisms behind this dysregulation could identify therapeutic opportunities.
MeSH term(s)	Acidosis/drug therapy ; Acidosis/genetics ; Acidosis/metabolism ; Acidosis/pathology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lysosomes/drug effects ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Lysosomes/pathology ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Warburg Effect, Oncologic
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells10051188
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Article: A Biomechanical Comparison of Fixation Techniques in Metacarpal Shaft Fractures.

Albanese, Kevin M / Schreck, Michael J / Werner, Frederick W / Esper, Garrett W / Ordway, Nathaniel R

Journal of wrist surgery

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–51

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2678060-4
ISSN	2163-3924 ; 2163-3916
ISSN (online)	2163-3924
ISSN	2163-3916
DOI	10.1055/s-0042-1751077
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Article ; Online: The double-edged sword of Tregs in M tuberculosis, M avium, and M absessus infection.

Verma, Deepshikha / Chan, Edward D / Ordway, Diane J

Immunological reviews

2021 Volume 301, Issue 1, Page(s) 48–61

Abstract: ... Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria species (NTM) Mycobacterium avium- (M avium), Mycobacterium abscessus-(M abscessus), and ...

Abstract	Immunity against different Mycobacteria species targeting the lung requires distinctly different pulmonary immune responses for bacterial clearance. Many parameters of acquired and regulatory immune responses differ quantitatively and qualitatively from immunity during infection with Mycobacteria species. Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria species (NTM) Mycobacterium avium- (M avium), Mycobacterium abscessus-(M abscessus), and the Mycobacteria species Mycobacterium tuberculosis-(Mtb). Herein, we discuss the potential implications of acquired and regulatory immune responses in the context of animal and human studies, as well as future directions for efforts to treat Mycobacteria diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Mycobacterium abscessus ; Mycobacterium avium ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	391796-4
ISSN	1600-065X ; 0105-2896
ISSN (online)	1600-065X
ISSN	0105-2896
DOI	10.1111/imr.12959
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Article ; Online: Animal Models of Mycobacteria Infection.

Chan, Edward D / Verma, Deepshikha / Ordway, Diane J

Current protocols in immunology

2020 Volume 129, Issue 1, Page(s) e98

Abstract: ... are primarily used for M. tuberculosis, but can also be used for the study ...

Abstract	This manuscript describes the infection of mice and guinea pigs with mycobacteria via various routes, as well as necropsy methods for the determination of mycobacterial loads within target organs. Additionally, methods for cultivating mycobacteria and preparing stocks are described. The protocols outlined are primarily used for M. tuberculosis, but can also be used for the study of other non-tuberculosis mycobacterial species. A wide variety of animal models have been used to test new vaccines, drugs, and the impact of cigarette exposure. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Aerosol infection of mice with mycobacteria Basic Protocol 2: Aerosol infection of guinea pig with mycobacteria using a Madison chamber Alternate Protocol 1: Cigarette exposure prior to infection of mice with mycobacteria Alternate Protocol 2: Intravenous infection of mice with mycobacteria Basic Protocol 3: Necropsy methods for animals experimentally infected with mycobacteria Basic Protocol 4: Following the course of infection Basic Protocol 5: Measuring the animal immune response to infection Support Protocol: Cultivation of mycobacteria for use in animal experiments.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Immunoassay/methods ; Mice ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology ; Tuberculosis/immunology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1934-368X
ISSN (online)	1934-368X
DOI	10.1002/cpim.98
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Article ; Online: Mouse and Guinea Pig Models of Tuberculosis.

Orme, Ian M / Ordway, Diane J

Microbiology spectrum

2016 Volume 4, Issue 4

Abstract: This article describes the nature of the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the mouse and guinea pig models of infection. It describes the great wealth of information obtained from the mouse model, reflecting the general availability of ... ...

Abstract	This article describes the nature of the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the mouse and guinea pig models of infection. It describes the great wealth of information obtained from the mouse model, reflecting the general availability of immunological reagents, as well as genetic manipulations of the mouse strains themselves. This has led to a good understanding of the nature of the T-cell response to the infection, as well as an appreciation of the complexity of the response involving multiple cytokine- and chemokine-mediated systems. As described here and elsewhere, we have a growing understanding of how multiple CD4-positive T-cell subsets are involved, including regulatory T cells, TH17 cells, as well as the subsequent emergence of effector and central memory T-cell subsets. While, in contrast, our understanding of the host response in the guinea pig model is less advanced, considerable strides have been made in the past decade in terms of defining the basis of the immune response, as well as a better understanding of the immunopathologic process. This model has long been the gold standard for vaccine testing, and more recently is being revisited as a model for testing new drug regimens (bedaquiline being the latest example).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Guinea Pigs ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Mice ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/pathogenicity ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology ; Tuberculosis/immunology ; Tuberculosis/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2165-0497
ISSN (online)	2165-0497
DOI	10.1128/microbiolspec.TBTB2-0002-2015
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Article ; Online: Genetic analysis of the Drosophila ESCRT-III complex protein, VPS24, reveals a novel function in lysosome homeostasis.

Florian, Jonathan R / DeMatte, Samuel J / Sweeder, Devon M / Ordway, Richard W / Kawasaki, Fumiko

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) e0251184

Abstract: The ESCRT pathway is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes and plays key roles in a variety of membrane remodeling processes. A new Drosophila mutant recovered in our forward genetic screens for synaptic transmission mutants mapped to the vps24 gene ...

Abstract	The ESCRT pathway is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes and plays key roles in a variety of membrane remodeling processes. A new Drosophila mutant recovered in our forward genetic screens for synaptic transmission mutants mapped to the vps24 gene encoding a subunit of the ESCRT-III complex. Molecular characterization indicated a loss of VPS24 function, however the mutant is viable and thus loss of VPS24 may be studied in a developed multicellular organism. The mutant exhibits deficits in locomotion and lifespan and, notably, these phenotypes are rescued by neuronal expression of wild-type VPS24. At the cellular level, neuronal and muscle cells exhibit marked expansion of a ubiquitin-positive lysosomal compartment, as well as accumulation of autophagic intermediates, and these phenotypes are rescued cell-autonomously. Moreover, VPS24 expression in glia suppressed the mutant phenotype in muscle, indicating a cell-nonautonomous function for VPS24 in protective intercellular signaling. Ultrastructural analysis of neurons and muscle indicated marked accumulation of the lysosomal compartment in the vps24 mutant. In the neuronal cell body, this included characteristic lysosomal structures associated with an expansive membrane compartment with a striking tubular network morphology. These findings further define the in vivo roles of VPS24 and the ESCRT pathway in lysosome homeostasis and their potential contributions to neurodegenerative diseases characterized by defective ESCRT or lysosome function.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autophagy ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/physiology ; Homeostasis/genetics ; Lysosomes/genetics ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Muscles/metabolism ; Muscles/ultrastructure ; Mutation/genetics ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neurons/ultrastructure ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vesicular Transport Proteins/genetics ; Vesicular Transport Proteins/physiology
Chemical Substances	Drosophila Proteins ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ; Vesicular Transport Proteins ; Vps24 protein, Drosophila
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0251184
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Article ; Online: Regulation of Immunity to Tuberculosis.

Brighenti, Susanna / Ordway, Diane J

Microbiology spectrum

2017 Volume 4, Issue 6

Abstract: ... dependent on the M. tuberculosis strain, animal model, local environment, and the stage of infection ...

Abstract	Immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires a balance between adaptive immune responses to constrain bacterial replication and the prevention of potentially damaging immune activation. Regulatory T (Treg) cells express the transcription factor Foxp3+ and constitute an essential counterbalance of inflammatory Th1 responses and are required to maintain immune homeostasis. The first reports describing the presence of Foxp3-expressing CD4+ Treg cells in tuberculosis (TB) emerged in 2006. Different Treg cell subsets, most likely specialized for different tissues and microenvironments, have been shown to expand in both human TB and animal models of TB. Recently, additional functional roles for Treg cells have been demonstrated during different stages and spectrums of TB disease. Foxp3+ regulatory cells can quickly expand during early infection and impede the onset of cellular immunity and persist during chronic TB infection. Increased frequencies of Treg cells have been associated with a detrimental outcome of active TB, and may be dependent on the M. tuberculosis strain, animal model, local environment, and the stage of infection. Some investigations also suggest that Treg cells are required together with effector T cell responses to obtain reduced pathology and sterilizing immunity. In this review, we will first provide an overview of the regulatory cells and mechanisms that control immune homeostasis. Then, we will review what is known about the phenotype and function of Treg cells from studies in human TB and experimental animal models of TB. We will discuss the potential role of Treg cells in the progression of TB disease and the relevance of this knowledge for future efforts to prevent, modulate, and treat TB.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; Th1 Cells/immunology ; Tuberculosis/immunology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2165-0497
ISSN (online)	2165-0497
DOI	10.1128/microbiolspec.TBTB2-0006-2016
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Article: Causes and Consequences of Variable Tumor Cell Metabolism on Heritable Modifications and Tumor Evolution.

Ordway, Bryce / Swietach, Pawel / Gillies, Robert J / Damaghi, Mehdi

Frontiers in oncology

2020 Volume 10, Page(s) 373

Abstract: When cancer research advanced into the post-genomic era, it was widely anticipated that the sought-after cure will be delivered promptly. Instead, it became apparent that an understanding of cancer genomics, alone, is unable to translate the wealth of ... ...

Abstract	When cancer research advanced into the post-genomic era, it was widely anticipated that the sought-after cure will be delivered promptly. Instead, it became apparent that an understanding of cancer genomics, alone, is unable to translate the wealth of information into successful cures. While gene sequencing has significantly improved our understanding of the natural history of cancer and identified candidates for therapeutic targets, it cannot predict the impact of the biological response to therapies. Hence, patients with a common mutational profile may respond differently to the same therapy, due in part to different microenvironments impacting on gene regulation. This complexity arises from a feedback circuit involving epigenetic modifications made to genes by the metabolic byproducts of cancer cells. New insights into epigenetic mechanisms, activated early in the process of carcinogenesis, have been able to describe phenotypes which cannot be inferred from mutational analyses
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2020.00373
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Article ; Online: Accuracy of echocardiographic estimations of right heart pressures in adult heart transplant recipients.

Sridharan, Aadhavi / Dehn, Monica M / Cooper, Craig / Madineedi, Vidya S / Ordway, Linda J / DeNofrio, David / Patel, Ayan R

Clinical cardiology

2022 Volume 45, Issue 7, Page(s) 752–758

Abstract: Background: Accurate assessment of right atrial pressure (RAP) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) is critical in the management of heart transplant recipients. The accuracy of echocardiography in estimating these pressures has been debated.!## ...

Abstract	Background: Accurate assessment of right atrial pressure (RAP) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) is critical in the management of heart transplant recipients. The accuracy of echocardiography in estimating these pressures has been debated. Objective: To assess the correlation and agreement between echocardiographic estimations of right heart pressures with those of respective invasive hemodynamic measurements by right heart catheterization (RHC) in adult heart transplant recipients. Methods: This is a prospective evaluation of 84 unique measurements from heart transplant recipients who underwent RHC followed by standard echocardiographic evaluation within 159 ± 64 min with no intervening medication changes. The relationship between noninvasive pressure estimations and invasive hemodynamic measurements was examined. Results: Mean RAP was 7 ± 5 mmHg and mean PASP was 33 ± 8 mmHg by RHC. There was no significant correlation between echocardiographic estimation of RAP and invasive RAP (Spearman's rho = -0.05, p = .7), and no significant agreement between these two variables (weighted kappa = -0.1). There was a modest correlation between echocardiographic estimation of PASP and invasive PASP (r = .39, p = .002). Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean bias of 2.1 ± 9 mmHg (limits of agreement = -15 to 20 mmHg). Conclusion: In heart transplant recipients, there is no significant correlation or agreement between echocardiographic RAP estimation and invasively determined RAP. Noninvasive PASP estimation correlates significantly but modestly with invasively measured PASP. Further refinement of echocardiographic methods for assessment of RAP is warranted in this unique patient population.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cardiac Catheterization/methods ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler/methods ; Heart Transplantation/adverse effects ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391935-3
ISSN	1932-8737 ; 0160-9289
ISSN (online)	1932-8737
ISSN	0160-9289
DOI	10.1002/clc.23835
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