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Article ; Online: Silicon fertilization counteracts salinity-induced damages associated with changes in physio-biochemical modulations in spinach.

Naz, Riffat / Zaman, Qamar Uz / Nazir, Saba / Komal, Nayab / Chen, Yinglong / Ashraf, Kamran / Al-Huqail, Asma A / Alfagham, Alanoud / Siddiqui, Manzer H / Ali, Hayssam M / Khan, Faheema / Sultan, Khawar / Khosa, Quratulain

publication RETRACTED

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) e0267939

Abstract: Plant growth and productivity are limited by the severe impact of salt stress on the fundamental physiological processes. Silicon (Si) supplementation is one of the promising techniques to improve the resilience of plants under salt stress. This study ... ...

Abstract	Plant growth and productivity are limited by the severe impact of salt stress on the fundamental physiological processes. Silicon (Si) supplementation is one of the promising techniques to improve the resilience of plants under salt stress. This study deals with the response of exogenous Si applications (0, 2, 4, and 6 mM) on growth, gaseous exchange, ion homeostasis and antioxidant enzyme activities in spinach grown under saline conditions (150 mM NaCl). Salinity stress markedly reduced the growth, physiological, biochemical, water availability, photosynthesis, enzymatic antioxidants, and ionic status in spinach leaves. Salt stress significantly enhanced leaf Na+ contents in spinach plants. Supplementary foliar application of Si (4 mM) alleviated salt toxicity, by modulating the physiological and photosynthetic attributes and decreasing electrolyte leakage, and activities of SOD, POD and CAT. Moreover, Si-induced mitigation of salt stress was due to the depreciation in Na+/K+ ratio, Na+ ion uptake at the surface of spinach roots, and translocation in plant tissues, thereby reducing the Na+ ion accumulation. Foliar applied Si (4 mM) ameliorates ionic toxicity by decreasing Na+ uptake. Overall, the results illustrate that foliar applied Si induced resistance against salinity stress in spinach by regulating the physiology, antioxidant metabolism, and ionic homeostasis. We advocate that exogenous Si supplementation is a practical approach that will allow spinach plants to recover from salt toxicity.
MeSH term(s)	Antioxidants/metabolism ; Fertilization ; Salinity ; Silicon/metabolism ; Silicon/pharmacology ; Sodium/metabolism ; Spinacia oleracea/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27) ; Silicon (Z4152N8IUI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Retracted Publication
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0267939
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Norfloxacin Loaded Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Oral Administration: Fabrication, Characterization, In Silico Modelling and Toxicity Evaluation.

Khan, Muhammad Asghar / Khan, Shahzeb / Kazi, Mohsin / Alshehri, Sultan M / Shahid, Muhammad / Khan, Shafi Ullah / Hussain, Zahid / Sohail, Muhammad / Shafique, Muhammad / Hamid, Hajra Afeera / Kamran, Mahwish / Elhissi, Abdelbary / Wasim, Muhammad / Thu, Hnin Ei

Pharmaceutics

2021 Volume 13, Issue 10

Abstract: Norfloxacin (NOR), widely employed as an anti-bacterial drug, has poor oral bioavailability. Nano based drug delivery systems are widely used to overcome the existing oral bioavailability challenges. Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles (LPHNs) exhibit the ...

Abstract	Norfloxacin (NOR), widely employed as an anti-bacterial drug, has poor oral bioavailability. Nano based drug delivery systems are widely used to overcome the existing oral bioavailability challenges. Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles (LPHNs) exhibit the distinctive advantages of both polymeric and liposomes nanoparticles, while excluding some of their disadvantages. In the current study, NOR loaded LPHNs were prepared, and were solid amorphous in nature, followed by in vitro and in vivo evaluation. The optimized process conditions resulted in LPHNs with the acceptable particle size 121.27 nm, Polydispersity Index (PDI) of 0.214 and zeta potential of -32 mv. The addition of a helper lipid, oleic acid, and polymers, ethyl cellulose, substantially increased the encapsulation efficiency (EE%) (65% to 97%). In vitro study showed a sustained drug release profile (75% within 12 h) for NOR LPHNs. The optimized NOR LPHNs showed a significant increase (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527217-2
ISSN	1999-4923
ISSN	1999-4923
DOI	10.3390/pharmaceutics13101632
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Article ; Online: Silicon fertilization counteracts salinity-induced damages associated with changes in physio-biochemical modulations in spinach.

Riffat Naz / Qamar Uz Zaman / Saba Nazir / Nayab Komal / Yinglong Chen / Kamran Ashraf / Asma A Al-Huqail / Alanoud Alfagham / Manzer H Siddiqui / Hayssam M Ali / Faheema Khan / Khawar Sultan / Quratulain Khosa

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 6, p e

2022 Volume 0267939

Abstract	Plant growth and productivity are limited by the severe impact of salt stress on the fundamental physiological processes. Silicon (Si) supplementation is one of the promising techniques to improve the resilience of plants under salt stress. This study deals with the response of exogenous Si applications (0, 2, 4, and 6 mM) on growth, gaseous exchange, ion homeostasis and antioxidant enzyme activities in spinach grown under saline conditions (150 mM NaCl). Salinity stress markedly reduced the growth, physiological, biochemical, water availability, photosynthesis, enzymatic antioxidants, and ionic status in spinach leaves. Salt stress significantly enhanced leaf Na+ contents in spinach plants. Supplementary foliar application of Si (4 mM) alleviated salt toxicity, by modulating the physiological and photosynthetic attributes and decreasing electrolyte leakage, and activities of SOD, POD and CAT. Moreover, Si-induced mitigation of salt stress was due to the depreciation in Na+/K+ ratio, Na+ ion uptake at the surface of spinach roots, and translocation in plant tissues, thereby reducing the Na+ ion accumulation. Foliar applied Si (4 mM) ameliorates ionic toxicity by decreasing Na+ uptake. Overall, the results illustrate that foliar applied Si induced resistance against salinity stress in spinach by regulating the physiology, antioxidant metabolism, and ionic homeostasis. We advocate that exogenous Si supplementation is a practical approach that will allow spinach plants to recover from salt toxicity.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Clearing the Fog: Is Hydroxychloroquine Effective in Reducing Coronavirus Disease-2019 Progression? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Kamran, Sultan M / Moeed, Hussain Abdul / Mirza, Zill-E-Humayun / Naseem, Arshad / Azam, Rizwan / Ullah, Naqeeb / Saeed, Farrukh / Alamgir, Wasim / Saleem, Salman / Nisar, Shazia

Cureus

2021 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e14186

Abstract: Background Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been considered for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but data on its efficacy are conflicting. We analyzed the efficacy of HCQ along with standard of care (SOC) treatment, compared with SOC ... ...

Abstract	Background Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been considered for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but data on its efficacy are conflicting. We analyzed the efficacy of HCQ along with standard of care (SOC) treatment, compared with SOC alone, in reducing disease progression in mild COVID-19. Methods A single-center open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted from April 10 to May 31, 2020 at Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Five hundred patients of both genders between the ages of 18 and 80 years with mild COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. A total of 349 patients were assigned to the intervention group (standard dose of HCQ plus SOC) and 151 patients were assigned to SOC only. The primary outcome was progression of disease while secondary outcome was polymerase chain reaction (PCR) negativity on days 7 and 14. The results were analyzed on Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) version 23. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results The median age of the intervention group was 34 ± 11.778 years and control group was 34 ± 9.813 years. Disease progressed in 16 patients, 11 (3.15%) of which were in the intervention group and 5 (3.3%) in the control group (p-value = 0.940). PCR negative cases in intervention and control groups on day 7 were 182 (52.1%) and 54 (35.8%), respectively (p-value = 0.001); and on day 14 were 244 (69.9%) and 110 (72.9%), respectively (p-value = 0.508). Consecutive PCR negativity on days 7 and 14 was observed in 240 (68.8%) patients in the intervention group compared to 106 (70.2%) in the control group (p-value = 0.321). Conclusion The addition of HCQ to SOC in hospitalized mild COVID-19 patients neither stops disease progression nor helps in early and sustained viral clearance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.14186
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Article ; Online: Outcome Of The Choice Of Wound Closure Technique In Emergency Laparotomy.

Rafiq, Muhammad Kashif / Kamran, Haider / Sultan, Babar / Khan, Yousuf Aziz / Wadud, Fazli / Ayub, Muhammad / Ali, Saad / Ali, Ammad

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

2022 Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) 164–168

Abstract: Background: Abdominal surgeries are the most common surgeries performed around the world. Closure of abdominal wound is important and a number wound closing techniques are in practice. This study was conducted to determine the outcome of the choice of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Abdominal surgeries are the most common surgeries performed around the world. Closure of abdominal wound is important and a number wound closing techniques are in practice. This study was conducted to determine the outcome of the choice of wound closure technique in emergency laparotomy. Methods: It was a retrospective study from March-September 2019, conducted at the Surgical A unit, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Ninety-five patients aged 22-60 years, who underwent emergency laparotomies via midline and para-median incisions were included in the study. Results: There were 74 (77.89%) males and 21 (22.11%) females. Anatomical closure technique was used in 67 (70.53%) of study participants while mass closure technique was used in 28 (29.47%) of study participants. 50 (52.63%) patients had anaemia, 27 (28.42%) had hypo-proteinemia, and 14 (14.74%) developed peritonitis. Post-operative wound infection was noticed in 15 (15.79%) patients. Out of 95 patients, 19 (20%) developed burst abdomen. Overall, 5 (5.26%) patients died in the hospital. All cases of burst abdomen occurred within first two weeks of hospital stay (p= 0.004), had an association with peritonitis (p=0.0001) and post-operative wound infection (p= 0.005). Wound closure technique was not associated with development of post-operative complications including burst abdomen (p >0.05). Conclusions: Postoperative complications occur independently of wound-closure technique and surgeons should have a low threshold for prevention of post-operative complications where possible.
MeSH term(s)	Abdominal Wound Closure Techniques ; Female ; Humans ; Laparotomy/adverse effects ; Male ; Peritonitis/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Wound Infection/etiology ; Suture Techniques/adverse effects ; Wound Closure Techniques/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-07
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2192473-9
ISSN	1819-2718 ; 1025-9589
ISSN (online)	1819-2718
ISSN	1025-9589
DOI	10.55519/JAMC-01-8797
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Article ; Online: Effect of ethyl methanesulfonate mediated mutation for enhancing morpho-physio-biochemical and yield contributing traits of fragrant rice.

Shamshad, Areeqa / Rashid, Muhammad / Jankuloski, Ljupcho / Ashraf, Kamran / Sultan, Khawar / Alamri, Saud / Siddiqui, Manzer H / Munir, Tehzeem / Zaman, Qamar Uz

PeerJ

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) e15821

Abstract: Background: Chemical mutagenesis has been successfully used for increasing genetic diversity in crop plants. More than 800 novel mutant types of rice (: Methods: In this study, seeds of the widely consumed Basmati rice variety (Super Basmati, : ... ...

Abstract	Background: Chemical mutagenesis has been successfully used for increasing genetic diversity in crop plants. More than 800 novel mutant types of rice ( Methods: In this study, seeds of the widely consumed Basmati rice variety (Super Basmati, Results: Sensitivity to a chemical mutagen such as ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) was determined in the M1 generation. Results in M1 generation revealed that as the levels of applied EMS increased, there was a significant reduction in the germination percent, root length, shoot length, plant height, productive tillers, panicle length, sterile spikelet, total spikelet, and fertility percent as compared to the control under field conditions. All the aforementioned parameters decreased but there was an increase in EMS mutagens in an approximately linear fashion. Furthermore, there was no germination at 1.25% of EMS treatment for seed germination. A 50% germination was recorded between 0.50% and 0.75% EMS treatments. After germination, the subsequent parameters, viz. root length and shoot length had Conclusion: Hence, it is concluded that for creating genetic variability in the rice variety (Super Basmati), EMS doses from 0.5% to 0.75% are the most efficient, and effective.
MeSH term(s)	Ethyl Methanesulfonate/pharmacology ; Oryza/genetics ; Mutation ; Mutagens/toxicity ; Mutagenesis
Chemical Substances	Ethyl Methanesulfonate (9H154DI0UP) ; Mutagens
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359 ; 2167-8359
ISSN (online)	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.15821
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Book ; Online: Formalization of water users associations by farmer leaders of Hakra 4-R Distributary

Waheed-uz-Zaman / Sultan, N. / Asghar, B. / Kamran, M.A.

2014

Keywords	water users' associations ; farmers' associations ; farmers' attitudes ; leadership ; farmer participation ; legal aspects ; institution building ; social status ; tenancy ; income ; distributary canals
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-06-13T14:28:48Z
Publisher	International Irrigation Management Institute
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Men in the Middle East

Sultan Ayoub Meo MBBS PhD / Saeed A. Sheikh MBBS MPhil / Kamran Sattar MBBS M Med Ed / Ashfaq Akram PhD / Asim Hassan MBBS, FRCP / Anusha Sultan Meo MBBS / Adnan Mehmood Usmani MSc / Erum Qalbani MRCGP / Anhar Ullah MSc

American Journal of Men's Health, Vol

A Retrospective Study

2019 Volume 13

Abstract: The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious global health concern. The world is experiencing type 2 diabetes epidemics and prevalence differs by gender, regions, and level of socioeconomic development. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in ... ...

Abstract	The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious global health concern. The world is experiencing type 2 diabetes epidemics and prevalence differs by gender, regions, and level of socioeconomic development. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in men increased at a faster rate and numbers are continuing to rise in some regions of the world. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of T2DM among men in the Middle East countries. Seventy-four research articles were identified through search engines including Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Ovid databases by using keywords “epidemiology,” “prevalence,” “diabetes mellitus,” and individual names of the Middle East states. Finally, 17 studies were included for the assessment of prevalence of T2DM among men in the Middle East. In the Middle East, high prevalence of T2DM among men was identified in Bahrain (33.60%), Saudi Arabia (29.10%), United Arab Emirates (UAE; 25.83%), and Kuwait (25.40%), whereas low prevalence was reported in Iran (9.90%) and Yemen (9.80%). The random pooled prevalence in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states was (24.0%) compared to non-GCC states (16.0%), and in both GCC and non-GCC countries combined, it was 19%. The prevalence was significantly associated with the gross domestic product of these states ( p = .0005). Despite different socioeconomic and cultural settings in the Middle East, the rising T2DM prevalence among men was identified in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Kuwait. These states must incorporate future diabetes defensive strategies targeting the Middle East population to minimize the burden of DM from the region.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	950
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: CALL Score and RAS Score as Predictive Models for Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Kamran, Sultan M / Mirza, Zill-E-Humayun / Moeed, Hussain Abdul / Naseem, Arshad / Hussain, Maryam / Fazal, Imran / Saeed, Farrukh / Alamgir, Wasim / Saleem, Salman / Riaz, Sidra

Cureus

2020 Volume 12, Issue 11, Page(s) e11368

Abstract: ... of the progression of disease. However, respiratory rate of more than 30 breaths/minute (b/m) (HR: 3.03, 95%CI: 1.77-5.19 ...

Abstract	Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease of multi-system involvement with significant pulmonary manifestations. So far, many prognostic models have been introduced to guide treatment and resource management. However, data on the impact of measurable respiratory parameters associated with the disease are scarce. Objective: To demonstrate the role of Comorbidity-Age-Lymphocyte count-Lactate dehydrogenase (CALL) score and to introduce Respiratory Assessment Scoring (RAS) model in predicting disease progression and mortality in COVID-19. Methodology: Data of 252 confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected at Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH) from 10th April 2020 to 31st August 2020. The CALL score and proposed factors of RAS model, namely respiratory rate, oxygen saturation at rest, alveolar arterial gradient and minimal exercise desaturation test, were calculated on the day of admission. Progression of disease was defined and correlated with measured variables. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis for each variable, its hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated, and a nomogram was made using the high-risk respiratory parameters to establish the RAS model. Results: Progression of disease and death was observed in 124 (49.2%) and 49 (19.4%) patients, respectively. Presence of more than 50% of chest infiltrates was significantly associated with worsening disease and death (p-value <0.001). Death was observed in 100% of patients who had critical disease category on presentation. Regression analysis showed that the presence of comorbidity (n: 180), in contrast to other variables of CALL score, was not a good prognosticator of disease severity (p-value: 0.565). Nonetheless, the CALL model itself was validated to be a reliable prognostic indicator of disease progression and mortality. Some 10 feet oxygen desaturation test (HR: 0.99, 95%CI: 0.95-1.04, p--value: 0.706) was not a powerful predictor of the progression of disease. However, respiratory rate of more than 30 breaths/minute (b/m) (HR: 3.03, 95%CI: 1.77-5.19), resting oxygen saturation of less than 90% (HR: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.15-5.06), and an elevated alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (HR: 2.14, 95%CI: 1.04-4.39) were considered statistically significant high-risk predictors of disease progression and death, in the formed RAS model. The model resulted in 85% (95%CI: 80%-89%) of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), with substantial positive (76%, 95%CI: 68%-83%) and negative predictive values (80%, 95%CI: 73%-87%) for a cutoff value of seven. Patients with higher CALL and RAS scores also resulted in higher mortality. Conclusion: CALL and RAS scores were strongly associated with progression and mortality in patients with COVID-19.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.11368
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Article: Synthesis and α-glucosidase inhibition studies of norfloxacin-acetanilide hybrids.

Walayat, Kamran / Ahmad, Matloob / Ali Ashfaq, Usman / Ali Khan, Zulfiqar / Sultan, Sadia

Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

2021 Volume 34, Issue 5(Supplementary), Page(s) 1909–1915

Abstract: α-Glucosidase inhibitors occupy a prominent position among the various treatments of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). In this study, a series of new norfloxacin-acetanilide hybrid molecules were synthesized and screened for α-glucosidase inhibition ... ...

Abstract	α-Glucosidase inhibitors occupy a prominent position among the various treatments of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). In this study, a series of new norfloxacin-acetanilide hybrid molecules were synthesized and screened for α-glucosidase inhibition activity. The synthetic methodology involves the synthesis of a series of α-bromoacetanilides by condensing bromoacetyl bromide with various substituted anilines. These α-bromoacetanilides were coupled with norfloxacin in DMF to get the titled hybrids. The structure elucidation of synthesized compounds were characterized by
MeSH term(s)	Acarbose/chemistry ; Acarbose/pharmacology ; Acetanilides/pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Molecular Structure ; Norfloxacin/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; alpha-Glucosidases
Chemical Substances	Acetanilides ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors ; alpha-Glucosidases (EC 3.2.1.20) ; Norfloxacin (N0F8P22L1P) ; Acarbose (T58MSI464G)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-11
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	885131-1
ISSN	1011-601X
ISSN	1011-601X
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