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  1. Article ; Online: Olfactory Bulb D 2 /D 3 Receptor Availability after Intrastriatal Botulinum Neurotoxin-A Injection in a Unilateral 6-OHDA Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease

    Teresa Alberts / Veronica Antipova / Carsten Holzmann / Alexander Hawlitschka / Oliver Schmitt / Jens Kurth / Jan Stenzel / Tobias Lindner / Bernd J. Krause / Andreas Wree / Martin Witt

    Toxins, Vol 14, Iss 94, p

    2022  Volume 94

    Abstract: Olfactory deficits occur as early non-motor symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD ... among other things, on an intact, functional crosstalk between dopaminergic interneurons and dopamine receptors (D 2 ... D 3 R). In rats, hemiparkinsonism (hemi-PD) can be induced by unilateral injection of 6 ...

    Abstract Olfactory deficits occur as early non-motor symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) in humans. The first central relay of the olfactory pathway, the olfactory bulb (OB), depends, among other things, on an intact, functional crosstalk between dopaminergic interneurons and dopamine receptors (D 2 /D 3 R). In rats, hemiparkinsonism (hemi-PD) can be induced by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB), disrupting dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In a previous study, we showed that subsequent injection of botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT-A) into the striatum can reverse most of the pathological motor symptoms and normalize the D 2 /D 3 R availability. To determine whether this rat model is suitable to explain olfactory deficits that occur in humans with PD, we examined the availability of D 2 /D 3 R by longitudinal [ 18 F]fallypride-PET/CT, the density of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the OB, olfactory performance by an orienting odor identification test adapted for rats, and a connectome analysis. PET/CT and immunohistochemical data remained largely unchanged after 6-OHDA lesion in experimental animals, suggesting that outcomes of the 6-OHDA hemi-PD rat model do not completely explain olfactory deficits in humans. However, after subsequent ipsilateral BoNT-A injection into the striatum, a significant 8.5% increase of the D 2 /D 3 R availability in the ipsilateral OB and concomitant improvement of olfactory performance were detectable. Based on tract-tracing meta-analysis, we speculate that this may be due to indirect connections between the striatum and the OB.
    Keywords hemiparkinsonian rat model ; botulinum neurotoxin-A ; olfaction ; olfactory bulb ; behavior ; PET/CT ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 290
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Differences in personal characteristics and health outcomes between ambulatory and non-ambulatory adults with traumatic spinal cord injury.

    DiPiro, Nicole D / Murday, David / Krause, James S

    The journal of spinal cord medicine

    2023  , Page(s) 1–9

    Abstract: Objective: To identify differences in personal characteristics, health outcomes, and hospital utilization as a function of ambulatory status among adults with chronic SCI.: Design: Prospective cohort study linked to state administrative billing data.! ...

    Abstract Objective: To identify differences in personal characteristics, health outcomes, and hospital utilization as a function of ambulatory status among adults with chronic SCI.
    Design: Prospective cohort study linked to state administrative billing data.
    Setting: Population-based SCI Registry from the Southeastern United States.
    Participants: 1,051 adults (>18 years old) with chronic (>1-year), traumatic SCI.
    Outcome measures: The self-report assessment (SRA) included demographic, injury and disability characteristics, health status, psychological and behavioral factors, and participation and quality of life (QOL) variables. We linked cases to administrative billing data to assess hospital utilization, including Emergency Department (ED) visits and inpatient (IP) admissions (through the ED and direct IP) in non-federal state hospitals within the year following the SRA.
    Results: There were 706 ambulatory and 345 non-ambulatory participants. We found significant differences across all sets of factors and significant differences in hospital utilization metrics. Ambulatory adults had fewer ED visits (36% vs 44%), IP admissions through the ED (11% vs 25%) and IP only admissions (9% vs 19%) and spent fewer days in the hospital for both admissions through the ED (0.9 vs 4.6 days) and IP only admissions (0.7 vs 3.1 days). They also reported having fewer past year ED visits (44% vs 62%) and IP admissions (34% vs 52%).
    Conclusions: We identified differences in personal characteristics, ED visits and IP admissions between ambulatory and non-ambulatory adults with SCI, providing a better understanding of the characteristics of those with SCI. The findings suggest the need for separate analyses based on ambulatory status when assessing long-term health outcomes including hospital utilization.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223949-5
    ISSN 2045-7723 ; 1079-0268
    ISSN (online) 2045-7723
    ISSN 1079-0268
    DOI 10.1080/10790268.2023.2234726
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Self-Reported Prescription Opioid Use Among Participants with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.

    Krause, James S / DiPiro, Nicole D / Dismuke-Greer, Clara E

    Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation

    2024  Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 131–139

    Abstract: Background: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) experience high rates of prescription opioid use, yet there is limited data on frequency of opioid use and specific medications being taken.: Objectives: To examine the frequency of self- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) experience high rates of prescription opioid use, yet there is limited data on frequency of opioid use and specific medications being taken.
    Objectives: To examine the frequency of self-reported prescription opioid use among participants with SCI and the relationship with demographic, injury, and socioeconomic characteristics.
    Methods: A cohort study of 918 adults with SCI of at least 1-year duration completed a self-report assessment (SRA) that indicated frequency of specific prescription opioid use based on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).
    Results: Forty-seven percent of the participants used at least one prescription opioid over the last year; the most frequently used was hydrocodone (22.1%). Nearly 30% used a minimum of one opioid at least weekly. Lower odds of use of at least one opioid over the past year was observed for Veterans (odds ratio [OR] = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.38, 0.96) and those with a bachelor's degree or higher (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.44, 0.91). When restricting the analysis to use of at least one substance daily or weekly, lower odds of use was observed for those with a bachelor's degree or higher and those with income ranging from $25,000 to $75,000+. None of the demographic or SCI variables were significantly related to prescription opioid use.
    Conclusion: Despite the widely established risks, prescription opioids were used daily or weekly by more than 28% of the participants. Usage was only related to Veteran status and socioeconomic status indicators, which were protective of use. Alternative treatments are needed for those with the heaviest, most regular usage.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Spinal Cord Injuries/complications ; Self Report ; Cohort Studies ; Prescriptions
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1319299-1
    ISSN 1945-5763 ; 1082-0744
    ISSN (online) 1945-5763
    ISSN 1082-0744
    DOI 10.46292/sci23-00050
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Eaves-drip burials in the Early Middle Ages: A special burial place for the unbaptised children?

    Krause, Swantje / Bischop, Dieter

    Anthropologischer Anzeiger; Bericht uber die biologisch-anthropologische Literatur

    2023  Volume 80, Issue 4, Page(s) 407–415

    Abstract: The excavation of skeletal human remains from St. Dionysius in Bremerhaven-Wulsdorf showed a strong association between infant burials and their location in and around the church. Accumulations of young children close to a church and its corners are ... ...

    Abstract The excavation of skeletal human remains from St. Dionysius in Bremerhaven-Wulsdorf showed a strong association between infant burials and their location in and around the church. Accumulations of young children close to a church and its corners are repeatedly reported and are commonly defined as "eaves-drip" burials. Although there are no early medieval written sources for this specific burial practice, the proximity of the graves of small children to the sites of early Christian churches is noticeable. Above all, the temporal context plays an important role in the interpretation of these burials, since it is questionable whether the intention to baptise the graves with rainwater from the eaves was the same for the Early Middle Ages as it was for the High and Post Middle Ages. The frequently observed relationship between locality and infant bones must not be regarded as an ordinary burial since the choice of burial place already indicates a special position within the graveyard. Particularly regarding the progress of Christianisation and thus the assertion of the Christian belief system in the early phases, it is essential to reflect on the people's real acceptance of Christian religious practices and rituals. It is therefore crucial to consider the circumstances and belief systems of the particular era before associating eaves-drip burials with the unbaptised child.
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Burial/history ; Cemeteries/history ; Bone and Bones ; Christianity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-31
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 396-7
    ISSN 0003-5548
    ISSN 0003-5548
    DOI 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1655
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Longitudinal changes in employment, health, participation, and quality-of-life and the relationships with long-term survival after spinal cord injury.

    Cao, Yue / DiPiro, Nicole D / Krause, James S

    Spinal cord

    2023  Volume 61, Issue 8, Page(s) 430–435

    Abstract: Study design: Cohort study.: Objective: To identify five-year longitudinal changes in employment, health, participation, and quality-of-life outcomes (QOL) among participants with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) and to compare the amount of change ... ...

    Abstract Study design: Cohort study.
    Objective: To identify five-year longitudinal changes in employment, health, participation, and quality-of-life outcomes (QOL) among participants with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) and to compare the amount of change in these outcomes between those surviving and those not surviving until follow-up.
    Methods: Participants were 1157 individuals from the SCI Longitudinal Aging Study, who have completed at least two self-report assessments separated by five-year intervals. The main outcome measures were 13 indicators related to employment, health, participation, and QOL/psychosocial indicators. Survival status measured at follow-up.
    Results: Those who survived to follow up had a history indicating a greater likelihood of employment, better health, participation, and QOL/psychosocial indicators. Among survivors, longitudinal declines were limited to the percent employed and participation indicators, whereas those deceased by follow-up had significant undesirable changes in employment, participation, health, and QOL/psychosocial indicators. More specifically, compared to the survivors, those deceased by follow-up experienced a greater increase in hospitalizations, decreases in nights away from home, and declines in global satisfaction over the five-year interval.
    Conclusions: Longitudinal declines in employment and some aspects of participation are common among long-term survivors and may be part of the natural course of outcomes after SCI. However, more dramatic increases in hospitalizations, fewer nights away from home, and declining satisfaction may be red flags for declining longevity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Cohort Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries/epidemiology ; Spinal Cord Injuries/psychology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Employment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1316161-1
    ISSN 1476-5624 ; 1362-4393
    ISSN (online) 1476-5624
    ISSN 1362-4393
    DOI 10.1038/s41393-023-00882-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Assessment of high-risk opioid use metrics among individuals with spinal cord injury: A brief report.

    DiPiro, Nicole D / Murday, David / Krause, James S

    The journal of spinal cord medicine

    2022  Volume 46, Issue 4, Page(s) 687–691

    Abstract: ... Main outcome measure(s): Opioid prescription metrics were obtained from the PDMP. Fill data during ... had high-dose chronic opioid prescriptions ≥50 MME/d and 25% were ≥90 MME/d. Over 33% had a concurrent ...

    Abstract Objective: To examine high-risk opioid prescription metrics among individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) living in South Carolina.
    Design: Cohort Study.
    Setting: Two statewide population-based databases, an SCI Surveillance Registry and state prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP).
    Participants: Linked data was obtained for 503 individuals with chronic (>1year-post injury) SCI who were injured in 2013 or 2014 and who survived at least 3 years post-injury.
    Interventions: Not applicable.
    Main outcome measure(s): Opioid prescription metrics were obtained from the PDMP. Fill data during the period between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2017 were analyzed to assess high-risk opioid use. Outcomes included: percentage of individuals prescribed chronic opioids, high-dose chronic opioid therapy (daily morphine milligram equivalents (MME) ≥50 and ≥90), and chronic concurrent opioids and benzodiazepines, sedatives, or hypnotics (BSH).
    Results: Over half (53%) of the individuals filled an opioid in years 2-3 after injury. Of those, 38% had a concurrent BSH fill during the study period, 76% of which were for benzodiazepines. In any given quarter over the two-year timeframe, over half of the opioid prescriptions were for 60 days or more (chronic opioid prescriptions). Of those, roughly 40% of the individuals had high-dose chronic opioid prescriptions ≥50 MME/d and 25% were ≥90 MME/d. Over 33% had a concurrent BSH prescription for ≥60 days.
    Conclusions: While the number of individuals receiving high-risk opioid prescriptions may not be large, it is a concerning number of prescriptions. The findings suggest a need for more cautious opioid prescribing and monitoring of high-risk use in adults with chronic SCI.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Cohort Studies ; Benchmarking ; Spinal Cord Injuries/complications ; Spinal Cord Injuries/drug therapy ; Spinal Cord Injuries/epidemiology ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use ; Drug Prescriptions
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; MME (78185-58-7) ; Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1223949-5
    ISSN 2045-7723 ; 1079-0268
    ISSN (online) 2045-7723
    ISSN 1079-0268
    DOI 10.1080/10790268.2022.2084931
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Use of a consultation service following pharmacogenetic testing in psychiatry.

    Krause, David S / Dowd, Daniel

    Pharmacogenomics

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 5, Page(s) 327–333

    Abstract: The emerging discipline of pharmacogenetics (PGx) has the goal of aiding the selection of effective therapies and personalized dosing, decreasing the likelihood of adverse drug reactions and optimizing resource utilization. Simultaneously, the rapid ... ...

    Abstract The emerging discipline of pharmacogenetics (PGx) has the goal of aiding the selection of effective therapies and personalized dosing, decreasing the likelihood of adverse drug reactions and optimizing resource utilization. Simultaneously, the rapid evolution of economically feasible genetic testing technologies has resulted in a raft of commercial entities that provide genetic data to providers for use with their complex patients. The adoption of pharmacogenomics in psychiatry is growing, but it is limited by several factors, including the limitless permutations of drugs, comorbid conditions and concomitant medications and provider understanding of phenomena such as phenoconversion. We established an expert PGx consultation service for psychiatric providers who utilize our commercial PGx assay. To date, this service has provided ∼16,000 consults with extremely high levels of satisfaction; in an anonymous survey, 96% of respondents reported a rating of "very helpful" or "extremely helpful".
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pharmacogenetics/methods ; Pharmacogenomic Testing ; Psychiatry ; Referral and Consultation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019513-8
    ISSN 1744-8042 ; 1462-2416
    ISSN (online) 1744-8042
    ISSN 1462-2416
    DOI 10.2217/pgs-2021-0121
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Torsion of an Accessory Liver Lobe in a Newborn.

    Krause, Tobias / Cholewa, Dietmar / Liniger, Benjamin / Berger, Steffen / Milosevic, Milan

    European journal of pediatric surgery reports

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) e7–e10

    Abstract: Accessory liver lobes are rare. We present the rare case of torsion of an accessory liver lobe in a neonate. A 13-day-old newborn presented with failure to thrive and hematemesis without fever. The initial workup with sonography, magnetic resonance ... ...

    Abstract Accessory liver lobes are rare. We present the rare case of torsion of an accessory liver lobe in a neonate. A 13-day-old newborn presented with failure to thrive and hematemesis without fever. The initial workup with sonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and upper gastrointestinal study was suspicious of a duplication cyst, most likely in the posterior wall of the stomach. Laboratory and radiological findings were not suggesting a choledochal cyst. We performed a laparotomy with resection of the 3.2 × 2.1 × 1.1 cm mass. Intraoperatively, the cystic formation extended from of the liver bed up to the lesser curvature of the stomach. The mass was attached to the left liver lobe with fibrous bands. Histopathology revealed necrotic liver parenchyma with patent viable biliary ducts, indicative of an accessory liver lobe that underwent torsion in the perinatal period. The postoperative course and follow-up (6 months so far) were uneventful. To our knowledge, this is the youngest described patient in the literature with an accessory liver lobe torsion and the second case report concerning this entity in a neonate. It presents an extremely rare differential diagnosis in symptomatic neonates with a cystic mass in the upper abdomen.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2674016-3
    ISSN 2194-7627 ; 2194-7619
    ISSN (online) 2194-7627
    ISSN 2194-7619
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1778663
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Referenzauswertungen für die Schätzung von Prävalenz, Inzidenz und Mortalität Public-Health-relevanter Erkrankungen auf Basis von Routinedaten.

    Krause, Laura / Reitzle, Lukas / Hess, Steffen / Ziese, Thomas / Adewuyi, Davis

    Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz

    2024  Volume 67, Issue 2, Page(s) 139–148

    Abstract: The routine data of all statutorily insured persons according to the Data Transparency Regulation (DaTraV data) represent a promising data source for the recurrent and timely surveillance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Germany. Thereby, it has ... ...

    Title translation Reference evaluations for estimating prevalence, incidence, and mortality of public health relevant diseases based on routine data.
    Abstract The routine data of all statutorily insured persons according to the Data Transparency Regulation (DaTraV data) represent a promising data source for the recurrent and timely surveillance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Germany. Thereby, it has become apparent that there is a high demand for reference evaluations that enable quick and regularly repeatable analyses on important NCDs. Against this background, ReFern-01 was initiated, a joint project of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) and the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM). In collaboration with experts from the field of secondary data analysis and healthcare research, reference evaluations for estimating prevalence, incidence, and mortality for important public health-relevant diseases were developed. First, 11 central NCDs were selected by means of an online survey, and initial case definitions were created in conjunction with a literature review. These were then discussed and agreed upon in a virtual workshop. The created reference evaluations (analysis scripts) allow a standardized estimation of the mentioned epidemiological figures, which are comparable over time and regionally. In addition to providing the results, the scripts will be available at the BfArM for further analysis. Provided that remote access to the analysis of the DaTraV data is available in the future, the results of the ReFern project can strengthen the surveillance of NCDs and support public health actors, for example, in the planning and implementation of health promotion and prevention measures at the federal, state, county, and local levels.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Public Health ; Incidence ; Prevalence ; Germany/epidemiology ; Health Promotion ; Noncommunicable Diseases/prevention & control
    Language German
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1461973-8
    ISSN 1437-1588 ; 1436-9990
    ISSN (online) 1437-1588
    ISSN 1436-9990
    DOI 10.1007/s00103-023-03821-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Eine umfassende Behandlung

    Krause, Johanna

    Psychotherapeutische Konzepte und Psychodynamik der ADHS

    (In: Ohlmeier, Martin D.; Roy, Mandy (Ed.), ADHS bei Erwachsenen - ein Leben in Extremen. Ein Praxisbuch für Therapeuten und Betroffene (S. 159-170). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer)

    2021  

    Abstract: Psychotherapeutische Ansätze für die Behandlung der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) im Erwachsenenalter werden vorgestellt. Einleitend werden einige allgemeine Gesichtspunkte der Behandlung der ADHS im Erwachsenenalter sowie die ... ...

    Title translation A comprehensive treatment: Psychotherapeutic concepts and psychodynamics of ADHD
    Series title In: Ohlmeier, Martin D.; Roy, Mandy (Ed.), ADHS bei Erwachsenen - ein Leben in Extremen. Ein Praxisbuch für Therapeuten und Betroffene (S. 159-170). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer
    Abstract Psychotherapeutische Ansätze für die Behandlung der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) im Erwachsenenalter werden vorgestellt. Einleitend werden einige allgemeine Gesichtspunkte der Behandlung der ADHS im Erwachsenenalter sowie die unterschiedlichen konzeptionellen Annahmen von psychoanalytischen und verhaltenstherapeutischen Maßnahmen erörtert. Im Anschluss werden die Vorgehensweisen folgender Therapieverfahren in der Behandlung der ADHS bei Erwachsenen dargelegt: (1) Verhaltenstherapie, (2) klassische Psychoanalyse, (3) psychoanalytisch-interaktionelle Methode und (4) tiefenpsychologisch fundierte Therapie.
    Keywords Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Aufmerksamkeitsstörung mit Hyperaktivität ; Behavior Therapy ; Cognitive Behavior Therapy ; Depth Psychology ; Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie ; Psychoanalysis ; Psychoanalytische Therapie ; Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ; Psychodynamische Psychotherapie ; Psychotherapie ; Psychotherapy ; Tiefenpsychologie ; Verhaltenstherapie
    Language German
    Document type Article
    Database PSYNDEX

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