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  1. Article ; Online: COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: One Pathogen, Multiple Phenotypes.

    Empson, Susannah / Rogers, Angela J / Wilson, Jennifer G

    Critical care clinics

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 505–519

    Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous syndrome arising from multiple causes with a range of clinical severity. In recent years, the potential for prognostic and predictive enrichment of clinical trials has been increased with ... ...

    Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous syndrome arising from multiple causes with a range of clinical severity. In recent years, the potential for prognostic and predictive enrichment of clinical trials has been increased with identification of more biologically homogeneous subgroups or phenotypes within ARDS. COVID-19 ARDS also exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity despite a single causative agent. In this review the authors summarize the existing literature on COVID-19 ARDS phenotypes, including physiologic, clinical, and biological subgroups as well as the implications for improving both prognostication and precision therapy.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/complications ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Prognosis ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1006423-0
    ISSN 1557-8232 ; 0749-0704
    ISSN (online) 1557-8232
    ISSN 0749-0704
    DOI 10.1016/j.ccc.2022.02.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Article ; Online: Seeking Safety Group Therapy for Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and PTSD among Transgender Women Living with HIV: A Pilot Study.

    Empson, Susannah / Cuca, Yvette P / Cocohoba, Jennifer / Dawson-Rose, Carol / Davis, Katy / Machtinger, Edward L

    Journal of psychoactive drugs

    2017  Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 344–351

    Abstract: Transgender women living with HIV experience high rates of substance use, violence, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Seeking Safety is a manualized, present-focused, cognitive-behavioral therapy program designed to address co-occurring ... ...

    Abstract Transgender women living with HIV experience high rates of substance use, violence, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Seeking Safety is a manualized, present-focused, cognitive-behavioral therapy program designed to address co-occurring substance use and PTSD. Seeking Safety has evidence of efficacy in a variety of populations but had not been evaluated specifically with people living with HIV or transgender women. We pilot-tested a 12-session Seeking Safety program with a group of transgender women living with HIV who reported substance use and a history of violence. Seven transgender women living with HIV were recruited from two HIV primary care clinics in San Francisco and completed pre- and post-intervention assessments. Participants attended an average of 8 of the 12 sessions. Mean scores for all three outcome measures improved: PTSD symptom scores declined 17.5%, alcoholism screening scores declined 23.9%, and drug abuse screening scores declined 68.8%, on average. Despite the small sample, this pilot study showed Seeking Safety to be a promising intervention among transgender women living with HIV. The findings are encouraging and justify larger studies of Seeking Safety among transgender women and other people living with HIV who experience high rates of substance use and PTSD.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects ; Psychotherapy, Group ; San Francisco ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/etiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy ; Substance-Related Disorders/etiology ; Substance-Related Disorders/therapy ; Transgender Persons ; Treatment Outcome ; Violence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392405-1
    ISSN 2159-9777 ; 0279-1072
    ISSN (online) 2159-9777
    ISSN 0279-1072
    DOI 10.1080/02791072.2017.1320733
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 1121: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Evaluation of a community-based ART programme after tapering home visits in rural Sierra Leone: a 24-month retrospective study.

    Kelly, J Daniel / Frankfurter, Raphael / Lurton, Gregoire / Conteh, Sulaiman / Empson, Susannah F / Daboh, Fodei / Kargbo, Brima / Giordano, Thomas / Mukherjee, Joia / Barrie, M Bailor

    SAHARA J : journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance

    2018  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 138–145

    Abstract: Evaluations of community-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes have demonstrated positive outcomes, but little is known about the impact of tapering community-based ART. The objective of this study was to assess 24-month HIV retention outcomes of ...

    Abstract Evaluations of community-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes have demonstrated positive outcomes, but little is known about the impact of tapering community-based ART. The objective of this study was to assess 24-month HIV retention outcomes of a community-based ART programme and its tapered visit frequency in Koidu City, Sierra Leone. This retrospective, quasi-experimental study compared outcomes of 52 HIV-infected persons initiated on community-based ART against 91 HIV-infected persons receiving the standard of care from November 2009 to February 2013. The community-based ART pilot programme was designed to strengthen the standard of care through a comprehensive, patient-centred case management strategy. The strategy included medical, educational, psychological, social, and economic support. Starting in October 2011, the frequency of home visits was tapered from twice daily every day per week to once daily three days per week. Outcomes were retention in care at 12 and 24 months and adherence to ART over a three-month time period. Participants who received community-based ART had significantly higher retention than those receiving standard of care. At 12 months, retention rates for community-based ART and standard of care were 61.5% and 31.9%, respectively (p < .01). At 24 months, retention rates for community-based ART and standard of care were 73.1% and 44.0%, respectively (p < .01). Significant differences in levels of adherence were observed when comparing community-based ART against persons receiving standard of care (p < .05). No differences in adherence levels were observed between groups of people receiving various frequencies of home visits. Our pilot programme in Koidu City provides new evidence that community-based ART has the potential to improve retention and adherence outcomes for HIV-infected persons, regardless of the frequency of home visits. Overcoming the barriers to HIV care requires a comprehensive, patient-centred approach that may include clinic-based and community-based interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Community Health Services ; Directly Observed Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; House Calls/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data ; Program Evaluation ; Retrospective Studies ; Sierra Leone/epidemiology ; Viral Load
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-22
    Publishing country South Africa
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2166971-5
    ISSN 1813-4424 ; 1729-0376
    ISSN (online) 1813-4424
    ISSN 1729-0376
    DOI 10.1080/17290376.2018.1527244
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Evaluation of a community-based ART programme after tapering home visits in rural Sierra Leone

    J. Daniel Kelly / Raphael Frankfurter / Gregoire Lurton / Sulaiman Conteh / Susannah F. Empson / Fodei Daboh / Brima Kargbo / Thomas Giordano / Joia Mukherjee / M. Bailor Barrie

    SAHARA-J, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 138-

    a 24-month retrospective study

    2018  Volume 145

    Abstract: Evaluations of community-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes have demonstrated positive outcomes, but little is known about the impact of tapering community-based ART. The objective of this study was to assess 24-month HIV retention outcomes of ...

    Abstract Evaluations of community-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes have demonstrated positive outcomes, but little is known about the impact of tapering community-based ART. The objective of this study was to assess 24-month HIV retention outcomes of a community-based ART programme and its tapered visit frequency in Koidu City, Sierra Leone. This retrospective, quasi-experimental study compared outcomes of 52 HIV-infected persons initiated on community-based ART against 91 HIV-infected persons receiving the standard of care from November 2009 to February 2013. The community-based ART pilot programme was designed to strengthen the standard of care through a comprehensive, patient-centred case management strategy. The strategy included medical, educational, psychological, social, and economic support. Starting in October 2011, the frequency of home visits was tapered from twice daily every day per week to once daily three days per week. Outcomes were retention in care at 12 and 24 months and adherence to ART over a three-month time period. Participants who received community-based ART had significantly higher retention than those receiving standard of care. At 12 months, retention rates for community-based ART and standard of care were 61.5% and 31.9%, respectively (p < .01). At 24 months, retention rates for community-based ART and standard of care were 73.1% and 44.0%, respectively (p < .01). Significant differences in levels of adherence were observed when comparing community-based ART against persons receiving standard of care (p < .05). No differences in adherence levels were observed between groups of people receiving various frequencies of home visits. Our pilot programme in Koidu City provides new evidence that community-based ART has the potential to improve retention and adherence outcomes for HIV-infected persons, regardless of the frequency of home visits. Overcoming the barriers to HIV care requires a comprehensive, patient-centred approach that may include clinic-based and ...
    Keywords HIV/AIDS ; community-based ART programme ; adherence ; retention in care ; Sierra Leone ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 700
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Taylor & Francis Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Multiple self-report measures of antiretroviral adherence correlated in Sierra Leone, but did they agree?

    Kelly, J Daniel / Hubenthal, Erica A / Lurton, Gregoire / Empson, Susannah F / Barrie, M Bailor / Kargbo, Brima / Wagner, Glenn J / Giordano, Thomas P

    International journal of STD & AIDS

    2013  Volume 24, Issue 12, Page(s) 931–937

    Abstract: In resource-poor settings, studies validating multiple self-report measures of adherence are limited and do not include data from West Africa. We prospectively assessed the associations between multiple self-report measures of adherence in 58 patients ... ...

    Abstract In resource-poor settings, studies validating multiple self-report measures of adherence are limited and do not include data from West Africa. We prospectively assessed the associations between multiple self-report measures of adherence in 58 patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Self-report measures included a 30-day visual analog scale, 30-day qualitative single-item measure, Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group 4-day recall, and 3-level categorical 7-day qualitative measure. Unannounced pill count was the objective measure. Spearman's rho correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and receiver operator curve analyses were performed. Median and mean adherence by pill count were 81.8% and 78.6%, respectively. All self-report measures had either intermediate or high correlation with the pill count, and the 7-day measure had the highest level of correlation with pill count (r = 0.72). All self-report measures demonstrated good agreement when mean pill count adherence was greater than 90%. All but the 7-day measure posed challenges to patient understanding and administration of the measure. In this sample of participants that displayed largely suboptimal adherence, the 7-day measure was preferable, but all self-report measures demonstrated relatively good agreement with the objective criterion pill count measure and are adequate for clinical use in settings such as Sierra Leone.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/virology ; Humans ; Male ; Medication Adherence ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Qualitative Research ; ROC Curve ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Report ; Sierra Leone ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome ; Viral Load ; Visual Analog Scale ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1018089-8
    ISSN 1758-1052 ; 0956-4624
    ISSN (online) 1758-1052
    ISSN 0956-4624
    DOI 10.1177/0956462413487327
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2829: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  6. Article ; Online: Evidence for a role for the p110-alpha isoform of PI3K in skeletal function.

    Grey, Andrew / Chaussade, Claire / Empson, Victoria / Lin, Jian-Ming / Watson, Maureen / O'Sullivan, Susannah / Rewcastle, Gordon / Naot, Dorit / Cornish, Jillian / Shepherd, Peter

    Biochemical and biophysical research communications

    2010  Volume 391, Issue 1, Page(s) 564–569

    Abstract: Signaling through phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3K) regulates fundamental cellular processes such as survival and growth, and these lipid kinases are currently being investigated as therapeutic targets in several contexts. In skeletal tissue, ... ...

    Abstract Signaling through phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3K) regulates fundamental cellular processes such as survival and growth, and these lipid kinases are currently being investigated as therapeutic targets in several contexts. In skeletal tissue, experiments using pan-specific PI3K inhibitors have suggested that PI3K signaling influences both osteoclast and osteoblast function, but the contributions of specific PI3K isoforms to these effects have not been examined. In the current work, we assessed the effects of pharmacological inhibitors of the class Ia PI3Ks, alpha, beta, and delta, on bone cell growth, differentiation and function in vitro. Each of the class Ia PI3K isoforms is expressed and functionally active in bone cells. No consistent effects of inhibitors of p110-beta or p110-delta on bone cells were observed. Inhibitors of p110-alpha decreased osteoclastogenesis by 60-80% (p<0.001 vs control) by direct actions on osteoclast precursors, and decreased the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts by 60% (p<0.01 vs control). The p110-alpha inhibitors also decreased the growth of osteoblastic and stromal cells (p<0.001 vs control), and decreased differentiated osteoblast function by 30% (p<0.05 vs control). These data suggest that signaling through the p110-alpha isoform of class Ia PI3Ks positively regulates the development and function of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Therapeutic agents that target this enzyme have the potential to significantly affect bone homeostasis, and evaluation of skeletal endpoints in clinical trials of such agents is warranted.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bone and Bones/cytology ; Bone and Bones/enzymology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Mice ; Osteoblasts/cytology ; Osteoblasts/enzymology ; Osteoclasts/cytology ; Osteoclasts/enzymology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/physiology ; Protein Isoforms/antagonists & inhibitors ; Protein Isoforms/physiology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Rats
    Chemical Substances Protein Isoforms ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 205723-2
    ISSN 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X ; 0006-291X
    ISSN (online) 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X
    ISSN 0006-291X
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.099
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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