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Book ; Online: Tri-Level Model for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

Hosseini, Eghbal

2023

Abstract: In practical scenarios, addressing real-world challenges often entails the incorporation of diverse renewable energy sources, such as solar, energy storage systems, and greenhouse gas emissions. The core purpose of these interconnected systems is to ... ...

Abstract	In practical scenarios, addressing real-world challenges often entails the incorporation of diverse renewable energy sources, such as solar, energy storage systems, and greenhouse gas emissions. The core purpose of these interconnected systems is to optimize a multitude of factors and objectives concurrently. Hence, it is imperative to formulate models that comprehensively cover all these objectives. This paper introduces tri-level mathematical models for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRESs), offering a framework to concurrently tackle diverse objectives and decision-making levels within the realm of renewable energy integration. The proposed model seeks to maximize the efficiency of solar PV, enhance the performance of energy storage systems, and minimize greenhouse gas emissions.
Keywords	Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Publishing date	2023-12-05
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Sinus node dysfunction and related permanent pacemaker implantation after major cardiac surgeries, systematic review, and meta-analysis.

Hosseini Dolama, Reza / Eghbal, Amir Hosein / Rezaee, Malihe / Farahani, Ali Vasheghani / Jalali, Arash / Hosseini, Kaveh

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1091312

Abstract: Background: There is no concise evidence or clinical guidelines regarding the incidence of sinus node dysfunction (SND) and permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation following cardiac surgeries and their management approaches.: Objective: We aim to ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is no concise evidence or clinical guidelines regarding the incidence of sinus node dysfunction (SND) and permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation following cardiac surgeries and their management approaches. Objective: We aim to systematically review current evidence on the prevalence of SND, PPM implantation concerning it, and its risk factors in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Method: Four electronic databases (Cochrane Library, Medline, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) were systematically searched for articles regarding SND after cardiovascular surgeries and reviewed by two independent researchers, and a third review in case of discrepancies. Using the random-effects model, a proportion meta-analysis was performed on data regarding PPM implantation. Subgroup analysis was performed for different interventions, and the possible effect of different covariates was evaluated using meta-regression. Results: From the initial 2012 unique records, 87 were included in the study, and results were extracted. Pooled data from 38,519 patients indicated that the overall prevalence of PPM implantation due to SND after cardiac surgery was 2.87% (95% CI [2.09; 3.76]). The incidence of PPM implantation in the first post-surgical month was 2.707% (95% CI [1.657; 3.952]). Among the four main intervention groups, including valve, maze, valve-maze, and combined surgeries, maze surgery was associated with the highest prevalence (4.93%; CI [3.24; 6.92]). The pooled prevalence of SND among studies was 13.71% (95% CI [8.13; 20.33]). No significant relationship was observed between PPM implantation and age, gender, cardiopulmonary bypass time, or aortic cross-clamp time. Conclusion: Based on the present report, patients undergoing the maze and maze-valve procedures are at higher risk of post-op SND, whereas lone valve surgery had the lowest prevalence of PPM implantation. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO (CRD42022341896).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2781496-8
ISSN	2297-055X
ISSN	2297-055X
DOI	10.3389/fcvm.2023.1091312
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Large language models implicitly learn to straighten neural sentence trajectories to construct a predictive representation of natural language

Hosseini, Eghbal A. / Fedorenko, Evelina

2023

Abstract: Predicting upcoming events is critical to our ability to interact with our environment. Transformer models, trained on next-word prediction, appear to construct representations of linguistic input that can support diverse downstream tasks. But how does a ...

Abstract	Predicting upcoming events is critical to our ability to interact with our environment. Transformer models, trained on next-word prediction, appear to construct representations of linguistic input that can support diverse downstream tasks. But how does a predictive objective shape such representations? Inspired by recent work in vision (Henaff et al., 2019), we test a hypothesis about predictive representations of autoregressive transformers. In particular, we test whether the neural trajectory of a sentence becomes progressively straighter as it passes through the network layers. The key insight is that straighter trajectories should facilitate prediction via linear extrapolation. We quantify straightness using a 1-dimensional curvature metric, and present four findings in support of the trajectory straightening hypothesis: i) In trained models, the curvature decreases from the early to the deeper layers of the network. ii) Models that perform better on the next-word prediction objective exhibit greater decreases in curvature, suggesting that this improved ability to straighten sentence trajectories may be the driver of better language modeling performance. iii) Given the same linguistic context, the sequences that are generated by the model have lower curvature than the actual continuations observed in a language corpus, suggesting that the model favors straighter trajectories for making predictions. iv) A consistent relationship holds between the average curvature and the average surprisal of sentences in the deep model layers, such that sentences with straighter trajectories also have lower surprisal. Importantly, untrained models do not exhibit these behaviors. In tandem, these results support the trajectory straightening hypothesis and provide a possible mechanism for how the geometry of the internal representations of autoregressive models supports next word prediction. Comment: 37th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS 2023). 20 pages, 5 main figures, 7 supplementary figures
Keywords	Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Subject code	401
Publishing date	2023-11-05
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Artificial Neural Network Language Models Predict Human Brain Responses to Language Even After a Developmentally Realistic Amount of Training.

Hosseini, Eghbal A / Schrimpf, Martin / Zhang, Yian / Bowman, Samuel / Zaslavsky, Noga / Fedorenko, Evelina

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)

2024 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–63

Abstract: Artificial neural networks have emerged as computationally plausible models of human language processing. A major criticism of these models is that the amount of training data they receive far exceeds that of humans during language learning. Here, we use ...

Abstract	Artificial neural networks have emerged as computationally plausible models of human language processing. A major criticism of these models is that the amount of training data they receive far exceeds that of humans during language learning. Here, we use two complementary approaches to ask how the models' ability to capture human fMRI responses to sentences is affected by the amount of training data. First, we evaluate GPT-2 models trained on 1 million, 10 million, 100 million, or 1 billion words against an fMRI benchmark. We consider the 100-million-word model to be developmentally plausible in terms of the amount of training data given that this amount is similar to what children are estimated to be exposed to during the first 10 years of life. Second, we test the performance of a GPT-2 model trained on a 9-billion-token dataset to reach state-of-the-art next-word prediction performance on the human benchmark at different stages during training. Across both approaches, we find that (i) the models trained on a developmentally plausible amount of data already achieve near-maximal performance in capturing fMRI responses to sentences. Further, (ii) lower perplexity-a measure of next-word prediction performance-is associated with stronger alignment with human data, suggesting that models that have received enough training to achieve sufficiently high next-word prediction performance also acquire representations of sentences that are predictive of human fMRI responses. In tandem, these findings establish that although
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2641-4368
ISSN (online)	2641-4368
DOI	10.1162/nol_a_00137
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Dorsal intradural spinal arteriovenous fistula associated with giant intradural spinal aneurysm, a case report.

Mohammad Hosseini, Ehsan / Rasekhi, Alireza / Vahdat, Noushin / Eghbal, Keyvan / Jamali, Mohammad / Rahmanian, Abdolkarim / Sourani, Arman / Foroughi, Mina / Baradaran Mahdavi, Sadegh

Clinical case reports

2023 Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) e7202

Abstract: Arteriovenous fistula and spinal aneurysms like other vascular malformations can mimic radiculopathy and low back pain. Precise imaging work combined with a hybrid endovascular-microsurgical approach is the key element for the best clinical outcome. ...

Abstract	Arteriovenous fistula and spinal aneurysms like other vascular malformations can mimic radiculopathy and low back pain. Precise imaging work combined with a hybrid endovascular-microsurgical approach is the key element for the best clinical outcome.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2740234-4
ISSN	2050-0904
ISSN	2050-0904
DOI	10.1002/ccr3.7202
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Assessment of Analgesic Efficacy of Bilateral Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Pain following Lumbar Laminectomy: A Single-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Akhlagh, Seyed Amirreza / Farbood, Arash / Tahvili, Mahsa / Amini, Afshin / Eghbal, Keyvan / Asmarian, Naeimehossadat / Banifatemi, Mahsa / Hosseini, Seyed Ali

Pain research & management

2023 Volume 2023, Page(s) 5813798

Abstract: Background: The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a novel approach to minimizing postoperative pain. We investigated the efficacy and side effects of the ultrasonography-guided bilateral ESP block in reducing pain in the first 24 hours after lumbar ... ...

Abstract	Background: The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a novel approach to minimizing postoperative pain. We investigated the efficacy and side effects of the ultrasonography-guided bilateral ESP block in reducing pain in the first 24 hours after lumbar laminectomy. Materials and methods: We conducted a single-blind (statistical analyst and those responsible for recording patient information postoperation were unaware of the study groups) randomized clinical trial on 50 patients aged 18 to 65 with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class I or II physical status scheduled for lumbar laminectomy surgery at Shahid Chamran Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. Patients were randomly allocated to the ESP block (26 participants) or control (24 participants) group. A bilateral ESP block was administered to patients in the first group before general anesthesia, which was provided identically to both groups. The postoperative time to the first request of analgesia, pain score, total opioid use, side effects, and patient satisfaction were compared between the groups. Results: Compared with the control group, patients in the ESP block group had significantly more postoperative pain relief in the first hour and until 24 hours ( Conclusion: The bilateral ESP block effectively reduces postoperative pain following lumbar laminectomy, minimizing the need for narcotics. Further research is needed to delineate ways to reduce urinary retention as its main complication. This trial is registered with IRCT20100127003213N6.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Anesthetics, Local ; Laminectomy/adverse effects ; Nerve Block/adverse effects ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/etiology ; Single-Blind Method ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Urinary Retention/complications ; Urinary Retention/drug therapy ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthetics, Local
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041085-2
ISSN	1918-1523 ; 1203-6765
ISSN (online)	1918-1523
ISSN	1203-6765
DOI	10.1155/2023/5813798
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Evaluation of Serum Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) Levels in Patients with Intracranial Aneurysms Compared to a Control Group.

Rahmanian, Abdolkarim / Gholijani, Nasser / Salehi, Mohammad / Saffarian, Arash / Jamali, Mohammad / Eghbal, Keyvan / Hosseini, Ehsan Mohammad / Rakhsha, Abbas

Turkish neurosurgery

2022 Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 773–778

Abstract: Aim: To examine the screening value of the serum level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and to evaluate its association with the severity of initial bleeding.: Material and methods: This case-control study was ... ...

Abstract	Aim: To examine the screening value of the serum level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and to evaluate its association with the severity of initial bleeding. Material and methods: This case-control study was performed in Namazi Hospital, affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. The study population included patients referred to Namazi Hospital with a diagnosis of SAH, whose symptoms had emerged within less than 48 hours. The case group consisted of patients with cerebral aneurysms, who were divided into two groups of raptured and un-raptured brain aneurysms. This study examined the relationship between the serum IL-1β levels and brain aneurysms. The number of samples was 43 per group and 86 in total. Forty-eight hours before the onset of symptoms and before surgery, a blood sample was collected to measure the IL-1Β antibody (anti-IL-1β) level; in less than three hours, the serum was isolated and placed in a -80ºC freezer. Results: In patients with unruptured aneurysms, the Fisher's grade was 0, while most ruptured aneurysms were grade 3. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) (n=10, 23%) was the most common site of aneurysm, followed by the anterior communicating artery (ACom) (n=9, 20%). There was a significant correlation between ruptured aneurysms and the Glasgow Comma Scale (GCS) score (p=0.01) and also Fisher's classification (p=0.04). Patients with ruptured and unruptured aneurysms showed no significant differences regarding the serum IL-1β levels. A significant difference was found in the serum level of IL-1β between the case and control groups (p=0.04). Conclusion: Generally, knowledge of the association between aneurysm development and inflammatory response can have significant clinical implications in the future. The present findings suggested a significant correlation between the IL-1β levels and the outcomes of aneurysmal SAH, independent of initial hemorrhage.
MeSH term(s)	Aneurysm, Ruptured/surgery ; Case-Control Studies ; Control Groups ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/complications
Chemical Substances	Interleukin-1beta
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-12
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1203779-5
ISSN	1019-5149
ISSN	1019-5149
DOI	10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.34695-21.4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Assessment of Analgesic Efficacy of Bilateral Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Pain following Lumbar Laminectomy

Seyed Amirreza Akhlagh / Arash Farbood / Mahsa Tahvili / Afshin Amini / Keyvan Eghbal / Naeimehossadat Asmarian / Mahsa Banifatemi / Seyed Ali Hosseini

Pain Research and Management, Vol

A Single-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

2023 Volume 2023

Abstract: Background. The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a novel approach to minimizing postoperative pain. We investigated the efficacy and side effects of the ultrasonography-guided bilateral ESP block in reducing pain in the first 24 hours after lumbar ... ...

Abstract	Background. The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is a novel approach to minimizing postoperative pain. We investigated the efficacy and side effects of the ultrasonography-guided bilateral ESP block in reducing pain in the first 24 hours after lumbar laminectomy. Materials and Methods. We conducted a single-blind (statistical analyst and those responsible for recording patient information postoperation were unaware of the study groups) randomized clinical trial on 50 patients aged 18 to 65 with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class I or II physical status scheduled for lumbar laminectomy surgery at Shahid Chamran Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. Patients were randomly allocated to the ESP block (26 participants) or control (24 participants) group. A bilateral ESP block was administered to patients in the first group before general anesthesia, which was provided identically to both groups. The postoperative time to the first request of analgesia, pain score, total opioid use, side effects, and patient satisfaction were compared between the groups. Results. Compared with the control group, patients in the ESP block group had significantly more postoperative pain relief in the first hour and until 24 hours P<0.05. The total opioid consumption was lower in the ESP block group P<0.001. However, the ESP block led to a higher rate of urinary retention P=0.008. Conclusion. The bilateral ESP block effectively reduces postoperative pain following lumbar laminectomy, minimizing the need for narcotics. Further research is needed to delineate ways to reduce urinary retention as its main complication. This trial is registered with IRCT20100127003213N6.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: WhisBERT

Wolf, Lukas / Tuckute, Greta / Kotar, Klemen / Hosseini, Eghbal / Regev, Tamar / Wilcox, Ethan / Warstadt, Alex

Multimodal Text-Audio Language Modeling on 100M Words

2023

Abstract: Training on multiple modalities of input can augment the capabilities of a language model. Here, we ask whether such a training regime can improve the quality and efficiency of these systems as well. We focus on text--audio and introduce Whisbert, which ... ...

Abstract	Training on multiple modalities of input can augment the capabilities of a language model. Here, we ask whether such a training regime can improve the quality and efficiency of these systems as well. We focus on text--audio and introduce Whisbert, which is inspired by the text--image approach of FLAVA (Singh et al., 2022). In accordance with Babylm guidelines (Warstadt et al., 2023), we pretrain Whisbert on a dataset comprising only 100 million words plus their corresponding speech from the word-aligned version of the People's Speech dataset (Galvez et al., 2021). To assess the impact of multimodality, we compare versions of the model that are trained on text only and on both audio and text simultaneously. We find that while Whisbert is able to perform well on multimodal masked modeling and surpasses the Babylm baselines in most benchmark tasks, it struggles to optimize its complex objective and outperform its text-only Whisbert baseline. Comment: Published at the BabyLM Challenge, a shared task co-sponsored by CMCL 2023 and CoNLL 2023, hosted by EMNLP 2023
Keywords	Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Subject code	410
Publishing date	2023-12-05
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Reinforcement regulates timing variability in thalamus.

Wang, Jing / Hosseini, Eghbal / Meirhaeghe, Nicolas / Akkad, Adam / Jazayeri, Mehrdad

eLife

2020 Volume 9

Abstract: Learning reduces variability but variability can facilitate learning. This paradoxical relationship has made it challenging to tease apart sources of variability that degrade performance from those that improve it. We tackled this question in a context- ... ...

Abstract	Learning reduces variability but variability can facilitate learning. This paradoxical relationship has made it challenging to tease apart sources of variability that degrade performance from those that improve it. We tackled this question in a context-dependent timing task requiring humans and monkeys to flexibly produce different time intervals with different effectors. We identified two opposing factors contributing to timing variability: slow memory fluctuation that degrades performance and reward-dependent exploratory behavior that improves performance. Signatures of these opposing factors were evident across populations of neurons in the dorsomedial frontal cortex (DMFC), DMFC-projecting neurons in the ventrolateral thalamus, and putative target of DMFC in the caudate. However, only in the thalamus were the performance-optimizing regulation of variability aligned to the slow performance-degrading memory fluctuations. These findings reveal how variability caused by exploratory behavior might help to mitigate other undesirable sources of variability and highlight a potential role for thalamocortical projections in this process.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Behavior ; Brain Mapping ; Cues ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; Humans ; Learning/physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Neurological ; Motor Activity ; Reward ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Thalamus/physiology ; Time Perception/physiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.55872
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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