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  1. Article ; Online: Appetite-regulating hormones modulate odor perception and odor-evoked activity in hypothalamus and olfactory cortices.

    Zhao, Yao / Bhutani, Surabhi / Kahnt, Thorsten

    Chemical senses

    2023  Volume 48

    Abstract: Odors guide food seeking, and food intake modulates olfactory function. This interaction is mediated by appetite-regulating hormones like ghrelin, insulin, and leptin, which alter activity in the rodent olfactory bulb, but their effects on downstream ... ...

    Abstract Odors guide food seeking, and food intake modulates olfactory function. This interaction is mediated by appetite-regulating hormones like ghrelin, insulin, and leptin, which alter activity in the rodent olfactory bulb, but their effects on downstream olfactory cortices have not yet been established in humans. The olfactory tract connects the olfactory bulb to the cortex through 3 main striae, terminating in the piriform cortex (PirC), amygdala (AMY), olfactory tubercule (OT), and anterior olfactory nucleus (AON). Here, we test the hypothesis that appetite-regulating hormones modulate olfactory processing in the endpoints of the olfactory tract and the hypothalamus. We collected odor-evoked functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses and plasma levels of ghrelin, insulin, and leptin from human subjects (n = 25) after a standardized meal. We found that a hormonal composite measure, capturing variance relating positively to insulin and negatively to ghrelin, correlated inversely with odor intensity ratings and fMRI responses to odorized vs. clean air in the hypothalamus, OT, and AON. No significant correlations were found with activity in PirC or AMY, the endpoints of the lateral stria. Exploratory whole-brain analyses revealed significant correlations near the diagonal band of Broca and parahippocampal gyrus. These results demonstrate that high (low) blood plasma concentrations of insulin (ghrelin) decrease perceived odor intensity and odor-evoked activity in the cortical targets of the medial and intermediate striae of the olfactory tract, as well as the hypothalamus. These findings expand our understanding of the cortical mechanisms by which metabolic hormones in humans modulate olfactory processing after a meal.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Odorants ; Leptin ; Ghrelin ; Appetite ; Olfactory Bulb/physiology ; Olfactory Cortex/physiology ; Hypothalamus ; Piriform Cortex/physiology ; Perception ; Insulins ; Olfactory Perception/physiology
    Chemical Substances Leptin ; Ghrelin ; Insulins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 754122-3
    ISSN 1464-3553 ; 0379-864X
    ISSN (online) 1464-3553
    ISSN 0379-864X
    DOI 10.1093/chemse/bjad039
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  2. Article ; Online: COVID-19-Related Home Confinement in Adults: Weight Gain Risks and Opportunities.

    Bhutani, Surabhi / Cooper, Jamie A

    Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 9, Page(s) 1576–1577

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2230457-5
    ISSN 1930-739X ; 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
    ISSN (online) 1930-739X
    ISSN 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
    DOI 10.1002/oby.22904
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  3. Article ; Online: Body Fat Moderates the Association of Olfactory Dysfunction with Dietary Intake in U.S. Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES 2013-2014.

    Bhutani, Surabhi / McClain, Amanda C

    Nutrients

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 15

    Abstract: Background: Obesity relates to impaired olfactory function. Abnormal olfactory function is also associated with poor diet; however, whether obesity-related markers shape this relationship is unknown. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis (n = 1415, age > 40 ... ...

    Abstract Background: Obesity relates to impaired olfactory function. Abnormal olfactory function is also associated with poor diet; however, whether obesity-related markers shape this relationship is unknown. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis (n = 1415, age > 40 years) of NHANES 2013−2014 examined body fat percent (BF%) and waist circumference (WC) as moderators of the relationship between olfactory function and diet. The olfactory function test identified adults with olfactory dysfunction (OD) or normal olfaction (NO). Validated 24 h recall captured nutrient intake and Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores. BF% and WC were measured. We tested adjusted linear regression models, with an interaction term between olfactory function and BF%/WC, for each nutrient or HEI score, and reported coefficients (β), standard errors (SE), and p-values for significant interaction terms. Results: In OD (9.5%; mean age 50.9 years, 95% CI 49.6, 52.2) compared with NO (mean age 49.3 years, 95% CI 48.8, 49.9), higher BF% was associated with higher intake of saturated fat (β (SE): 0.2 (0.1) g; p = 0.06) and percent of total calories from total fat (0.2 (0.1); p = 0.07), saturated (0.1 (0.004); p = 0.02), and monounsaturated fat (0.1 (0.1); p = 0.08); lower percent of total calories from carbohydrates (−0.2 (0.1); p = 0.09) and mg of sodium (−17.8 (09.6); p = 0.08); and a higher (healthier) refined grain score (0.1 (0.1); p = 0.04). Higher WC was associated with higher refined grain scores (0.01 (0.02); p = 0.01) in OD. Conclusion: BF% may shape dietary intake and quality in OD. Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the directionality of these relationships and develop strategies to improve dietary intake among OD.
    MeSH term(s) Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Eating ; Edible Grain ; Energy Intake ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity/complications ; Olfaction Disorders ; Smell ; Waist Circumference
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu14153178
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  4. Article ; Online: Self-weighing Practices and Associated Health Behaviors during COVID-19.

    Cooper, Jamie A / vanDellen, Michelle / Bhutani, Surabhi

    American journal of health behavior

    2021  Volume 45, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–30

    Abstract: Objective: ...

    Abstract Objective:
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Body Weight ; COVID-19/psychology ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Quarantine ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1312417-1
    ISSN 1945-7359 ; 1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
    ISSN (online) 1945-7359
    ISSN 1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
    DOI 10.5993/AJHB.45.1.2
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  5. Article ; Online: Self-reported Changes in Energy Balance Behaviors during COVID-19-related Home Confinement: A Cross-sectional Study.

    Bhutani, Surabhi / Cooper, Jamie A / vanDellen, Michelle R

    American journal of health behavior

    2021  Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) 756–770

    Abstract: Objectives: ...

    Abstract Objectives:
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Energy Intake/physiology ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Female ; Health Behavior/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Physical Distancing ; Sedentary Behavior ; Sex Factors ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1312417-1
    ISSN 1945-7359 ; 1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
    ISSN (online) 1945-7359
    ISSN 1087-3244 ; 0147-0353
    DOI 10.5993/AJHB.45.4.14
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    Zs.B 2152: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article: Body Fat Moderates the Association of Olfactory Dysfunction with Dietary Intake in U.S. Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES 2013–2014

    Bhutani, Surabhi / McClain, Amanda C.

    Nutrients. 2022 Aug. 02, v. 14, no. 15

    2022  

    Abstract: Background: Obesity relates to impaired olfactory function. Abnormal olfactory function is also associated with poor diet; however, whether obesity-related markers shape this relationship is unknown. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis (n = 1415, age > 40 ... ...

    Abstract Background: Obesity relates to impaired olfactory function. Abnormal olfactory function is also associated with poor diet; however, whether obesity-related markers shape this relationship is unknown. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis (n = 1415, age > 40 years) of NHANES 2013–2014 examined body fat percent (BF%) and waist circumference (WC) as moderators of the relationship between olfactory function and diet. The olfactory function test identified adults with olfactory dysfunction (OD) or normal olfaction (NO). Validated 24 h recall captured nutrient intake and Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores. BF% and WC were measured. We tested adjusted linear regression models, with an interaction term between olfactory function and BF%/WC, for each nutrient or HEI score, and reported coefficients (β), standard errors (SE), and p-values for significant interaction terms. Results: In OD (9.5%; mean age 50.9 years, 95% CI 49.6, 52.2) compared with NO (mean age 49.3 years, 95% CI 48.8, 49.9), higher BF% was associated with higher intake of saturated fat (β (SE): 0.2 (0.1) g; p = 0.06) and percent of total calories from total fat (0.2 (0.1); p = 0.07), saturated (0.1 (0.004); p = 0.02), and monounsaturated fat (0.1 (0.1); p = 0.08); lower percent of total calories from carbohydrates (−0.2 (0.1); p = 0.09) and mg of sodium (−17.8 (09.6); p = 0.08); and a higher (healthier) refined grain score (0.1 (0.1); p = 0.04). Higher WC was associated with higher refined grain scores (0.01 (0.02); p = 0.01) in OD. Conclusion: BF% may shape dietary intake and quality in OD. Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the directionality of these relationships and develop strategies to improve dietary intake among OD.
    Keywords National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ; body fat ; cross-sectional studies ; food intake ; nutrient intake ; obesity ; olfactory disorders ; refined grains ; regression analysis ; saturated fats ; smell ; sodium ; waist circumference
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0802
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu14153178
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Longitudinal Weight Gain and Related Risk Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adults in the US.

    Bhutani, Surabhi / vanDellen, Michelle R / Cooper, Jamie A

    Nutrients

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 2

    Abstract: Cross-sectional analyses have shown increased obesogenic behaviors and a potential for weight gain during COVID-19 related peak-lockdown (March-May 2020), but longitudinal data are lacking. This study assessed longitudinal changes in body weight and ... ...

    Abstract Cross-sectional analyses have shown increased obesogenic behaviors and a potential for weight gain during COVID-19 related peak-lockdown (March-May 2020), but longitudinal data are lacking. This study assessed longitudinal changes in body weight and lifestyle behaviors in the US adults during the pandemic.
    Methods: We used Qualtrics survey to collect self-reported data on body weight, dietary, physical activity, and psychological variables (
    Results: Body weight increased (+0.62 kg;
    Conclusion: We show that the COVID-19 lockdown periods disrupted weight management among many Americans and that associated health effects are likely to persist.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Quarantine ; Risk-Taking ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States/epidemiology ; Weight Gain
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu13020671
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  8. Article ; Online: Olfactory perceptual decision-making is biased by motivational state.

    Shanahan, Laura K / Bhutani, Surabhi / Kahnt, Thorsten

    PLoS biology

    2021  Volume 19, Issue 8, Page(s) e3001374

    Abstract: Growing evidence suggests that internal factors influence how we perceive the world. However, it remains unclear whether and how motivational states, such as hunger and satiety, regulate perceptual decision-making in the olfactory domain. Here, we ... ...

    Abstract Growing evidence suggests that internal factors influence how we perceive the world. However, it remains unclear whether and how motivational states, such as hunger and satiety, regulate perceptual decision-making in the olfactory domain. Here, we developed a novel behavioral task involving mixtures of food and nonfood odors (i.e., cinnamon bun and cedar; pizza and pine) to assess olfactory perceptual decision-making in humans. Participants completed the task before and after eating a meal that matched one of the food odors, allowing us to compare perception of meal-matched and non-matched odors across fasted and sated states. We found that participants were less likely to perceive meal-matched, but not non-matched, odors as food dominant in the sated state. Moreover, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data revealed neural changes that paralleled these behavioral effects. Namely, odor-evoked fMRI responses in olfactory/limbic brain regions were altered after the meal, such that neural patterns for meal-matched odor pairs were less discriminable and less food-like than their non-matched counterparts. Our findings demonstrate that olfactory perceptual decision-making is biased by motivational state in an odor-specific manner and highlight a potential brain mechanism underlying this adaptive behavior.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/physiology ; Decision Making/physiology ; Female ; Food Deprivation/physiology ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Olfactory Perception/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2126776-5
    ISSN 1545-7885 ; 1544-9173
    ISSN (online) 1545-7885
    ISSN 1544-9173
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001374
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  10. Article ; Online: COVID‐19–Related Home Confinement in Adults

    Bhutani, Surabhi / Cooper, Jamie A.

    Obesity

    Weight Gain Risks and Opportunities

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 9, Page(s) 1576–1577

    Keywords Nutrition and Dietetics ; Medicine (miscellaneous) ; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ; Endocrinology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Wiley
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 1930-7381
    DOI 10.1002/oby.22904
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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