LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 153

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Recent advances in biomedical, biosensor and clinical measurement devices for use in humans and the potential application of these technologies for the study of physiology and disease in wild animals.

    Macdonald, Alexander / Hawkes, Lucy A / Corrigan, Damion K

    Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

    2021  Volume 376, Issue 1831, Page(s) 20200228

    Abstract: The goal of achieving enhanced diagnosis and continuous monitoring of human health has led to a vibrant, dynamic and well-funded field of research in medical sensing and biosensor technologies. The field has many sub-disciplines which focus on different ... ...

    Abstract The goal of achieving enhanced diagnosis and continuous monitoring of human health has led to a vibrant, dynamic and well-funded field of research in medical sensing and biosensor technologies. The field has many sub-disciplines which focus on different aspects of sensor science; engaging engineers, chemists, biochemists and clinicians, often in interdisciplinary teams. The trends which dominate include the efforts to develop effective point of care tests and implantable/wearable technologies for early diagnosis and continuous monitoring. This review will outline the current state of the art in a number of relevant fields, including device engineering, chemistry, nanoscience and biomolecular detection, and suggest how these advances might be employed to develop effective systems for measuring physiology, detecting infection and monitoring biomarker status in wild animals. Special consideration is also given to the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance and in the light of the current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, zoonotic infections. Both of these areas involve significant crossover between animal and human health and are therefore well placed to seed technological developments with applicability to both human and animal health and, more generally, the reviewed technologies have significant potential to find use in the measurement of physiology in wild animals. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measuring physiology in free-living animals (Part II)'.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Wild/microbiology ; Animals, Wild/parasitology ; Animals, Wild/virology ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Biosensing Techniques/instrumentation ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; Cell Engineering/methods ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ; Nanotechnology/instrumentation ; Nanotechnology/methods ; Point-of-Care Testing ; Synthetic Biology/methods ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis ; Zika Virus Infection/veterinary ; Zoonoses/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 208382-6
    ISSN 1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    ISSN (online) 1471-2970
    ISSN 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    DOI 10.1098/rstb.2020.0228
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Choice of Treatment for Hand Fractures: A Single-Centre Concordance Study.

    Rojoa, Djamila M / Raheman, Firas J / Irvine, Esmee / Sharma, Vivek / Macdonald, Christopher R / Cutler, Lucy

    The journal of hand surgery Asian-Pacific volume

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) 261–266

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Female ; Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging ; Fractures, Bone/epidemiology ; Fractures, Bone/surgery ; Hand Deformities ; Humans ; Male ; Observer Variation ; Reproducibility of Results
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-31
    Publishing country Singapore
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2848651-1
    ISSN 2424-8363 ; 2424-8355
    ISSN (online) 2424-8363
    ISSN 2424-8355
    DOI 10.1142/S2424835522500394
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article ; Online: Single-cell insights into immune dysregulation in rheumatoid arthritis flare versus drug-free remission.

    Baker, Kenneth F / McDonald, David / Hulme, Gillian / Hussain, Rafiqul / Coxhead, Jonathan / Swan, David / Schulz, Axel R / Mei, Henrik E / MacDonald, Lucy / Pratt, Arthur G / Filby, Andrew / Anderson, Amy E / Isaacs, John D

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1063

    Abstract: Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are typically characterised by relapsing and remitting flares of inflammation. However, the unpredictability of disease flares impedes their study. Addressing this critical knowledge gap, we use the ... ...

    Abstract Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are typically characterised by relapsing and remitting flares of inflammation. However, the unpredictability of disease flares impedes their study. Addressing this critical knowledge gap, we use the experimental medicine approach of immunomodulatory drug withdrawal in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remission to synchronise flare processes allowing detailed characterisation. Exploratory mass cytometry analyses reveal three circulating cellular subsets heralding the onset of arthritis flare - CD45RO
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-45213-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Plasma lipids are dysregulated preceding diagnosis of preeclampsia or delivery of a growth restricted infant.

    Bartho, Lucy A / Keenan, Emerson / Walker, Susan P / MacDonald, Teresa M / Nijagal, Brunda / Tong, Stephen / Kaitu'u-Lino, Tu'uhevaha J

    EBioMedicine

    2023  Volume 94, Page(s) 104704

    Abstract: Background: Lipids serve as multifunctional metabolites that have important implications for the pregnant mother and developing fetus. Abnormalities in lipids have emerged as potential risk factors for pregnancy diseases, such as preeclampsia and fetal ... ...

    Abstract Background: Lipids serve as multifunctional metabolites that have important implications for the pregnant mother and developing fetus. Abnormalities in lipids have emerged as potential risk factors for pregnancy diseases, such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of lipid metabolites for detection of late-onset preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
    Methods: We used a case-cohort of 144 maternal plasma samples at 36 weeks' gestation from patients before the diagnosis of late-onset preeclampsia (n = 22), delivery of a fetal growth restricted infant (n = 55, defined as <5th birthweight centile), gestation-matched controls (n = 72). We performed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QQQ) -based targeted lipidomics to identify 421 lipids, and fitted logistic regression models for each lipid, correcting for maternal age, BMI, smoking, and gestational diabetes.
    Findings: Phosphatidylinositol 32:1 (AUC = 0.81) and cholesterol ester 17:1 (AUC = 0.71) best predicted the risk of developing preeclampsia or delivering a fetal growth restricted infant, respectively. Five times repeated five-fold cross validation demonstrated the lipids alone did not out-perform existing protein biomarkers, soluble tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) for the prediction of preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction. However, lipids combined with sFlt-1 and PlGF measurements improved disease prediction.
    Interpretation: This study successfully identified 421 lipids in maternal plasma collected at 36 weeks' gestation from participants who later developed preeclampsia or delivered a fetal growth restricted infant. Our results suggest the predictive capacity of lipid measurements for gestational disorders holds the potential to improve non-invasive assessment of maternal and fetal health.
    Funding: This study was funded by a grant from National Health and Medical Research Council.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2851331-9
    ISSN 2352-3964
    ISSN (online) 2352-3964
    DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104704
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: How Diverse Is Medicinal Chemistry? Insights into Race, Ethnicity, Origin, Gender, and Geography.

    Hatley, Richard J D / McLachlan, Steve P / Baster, Kathleen / Gelder, Lucy C / Macdonald, Simon J F

    Journal of medicinal chemistry

    2021  Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) 37–57

    Abstract: A bibliometric study of authors across medicinal chemistry journals over 20 years reveals important trends. Most United States (US) based authors are assigned as racially/ethnically Asian or White; few are Black or Hispanic. More US coauthors have the ... ...

    Abstract A bibliometric study of authors across medicinal chemistry journals over 20 years reveals important trends. Most United States (US) based authors are assigned as racially/ethnically Asian or White; few are Black or Hispanic. More US coauthors have the same race/ethnicity as the corresponding author than expected. The percentage of female authors increased globally, but only slowly. Since 2010, the number of female and male authors declined by 9% and 30%, respectively. Geographically, most authors are male except in Italy where there is gender balance. Gender homophily is observed globally. Geographically, the discipline is now more widely practiced. Article output doubled from 2000 to 2010 with a large increase in articles from China. China excepted, output has since declined. The average number of authors per article rose by a third since 2000. The value of high diversity groups in education, research, and industry cannot be overstated. We recommend diversity is addressed by every medicinal chemist.
    MeSH term(s) Authorship/standards ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/standards ; Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Geography ; Humans ; Male ; Periodicals as Topic/statistics & numerical data ; Publications/statistics & numerical data ; Racial Groups/statistics & numerical data ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218133-2
    ISSN 1520-4804 ; 0022-2623
    ISSN (online) 1520-4804
    ISSN 0022-2623
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01632
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Modeling the Effects of IL-1β-mediated Inflammation During Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Using a Split Human Donor Model.

    Pither, Thomas / Wang, Lu / Bates, Lucy / Morrison, Morvern / Charlton, Catriona / Griffiths, Chelsea / Macdonald, Jamie / Bigley, Venetia / Mavridou, Maria / Barsby, Joseph / Borthwick, Lee / Dark, John / Scott, William / Ali, Simi / Fisher, Andrew J

    Transplantation

    2023  Volume 107, Issue 10, Page(s) 2179–2189

    Abstract: Background: The association between interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations during ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) with donor organ quality and post-lung transplant outcome has been demonstrated in several studies. The mechanism underlying IL-1β-mediated ... ...

    Abstract Background: The association between interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentrations during ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) with donor organ quality and post-lung transplant outcome has been demonstrated in several studies. The mechanism underlying IL-1β-mediated donor lung injury was investigated using a paired single-lung EVLP model.
    Methods: Human lung pairs were dissected into individual lungs and perfused on identical separate EVLP circuits, with one lung from each pair receiving a bolus of IL-1β. Fluorescently labeled human neutrophils isolated from a healthy volunteer were infused into both circuits and quantified in perfusate at regular timepoints. Perfusates and tissues were subsequently analyzed, with perfusates also used in functional assays.
    Results: Neutrophil numbers were significantly lower in perfusate samples collected from the IL-1β-stimulated lungs consistent with increased neutrophil adhesion ( P = 0.042). Stimulated lungs gained significantly more weight than controls ( P = 0.046), which correlated with soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (R 2 = 0.71, P = 0.0043) and von-Willebrand factor (R 2 = 0.39, P = 0.040) in perfusate. RNA expression patterns for inflammatory genes were differentially regulated via IL-1β. Blockade of IL-1β significantly reduced neutrophil adhesion in vitro ( P = 0.025).
    Conclusion: These data illustrate the proinflammatory functions of IL-1β in the context of EVLP, suggesting this pathway may be susceptible to therapeutic modulation before transplantation.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Perfusion/adverse effects ; Interleukin-1beta/pharmacology ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism ; Lung Transplantation/adverse effects ; Lung/metabolism ; Inflammation
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-1beta
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 208424-7
    ISSN 1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
    ISSN (online) 1534-6080
    ISSN 0041-1337
    DOI 10.1097/TP.0000000000004613
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article ; Online: Contesting constructs and interrogating research methods: Re-analysis of qualitative data from a hospital-based case study of self-harm management and prevention practices.

    Evans, Rhiannon / Sampson, Catherine / MacDonald, Sarah / Biddle, Lucy / Scourfield, Jonathan

    Health (London, England : 1997)

    2021  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–46

    Abstract: Discourses of self-harm, and also suicide, are often underpinned by a central tenet: prevention is the priority. This belief is seemingly so inscribed in research that it is rarely interrogated. The present paper re-analyses qualitative data from a ... ...

    Abstract Discourses of self-harm, and also suicide, are often underpinned by a central tenet: prevention is the priority. This belief is seemingly so inscribed in research that it is rarely interrogated. The present paper re-analyses qualitative data from a hospital-based study of self-harm management and prevention practice. It aims to reflect upon, and disrupt, the authors' latent assumptions about the construct of 'prevention', while reflecting on the research method used. Twenty-five individuals participated in semi-structured interviews: healthcare and affiliated professionals (
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Caregivers ; Child ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Parents ; Qualitative Research ; Self-Injurious Behavior/prevention & control ; Suicide
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1338717-0
    ISSN 1461-7196 ; 1363-4593
    ISSN (online) 1461-7196
    ISSN 1363-4593
    DOI 10.1177/13634593211038522
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: Mitochondria as Key Players in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

    Clayton, Sally A / MacDonald, Lucy / Kurowska-Stolarska, Mariola / Clark, Andrew R

    Frontiers in immunology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 673916

    Abstract: Mitochondria are major energy-producing organelles that have central roles in cellular metabolism. They also act as important signalling hubs, and their dynamic regulation in response to stress signals helps to dictate the stress response of the cell. ... ...

    Abstract Mitochondria are major energy-producing organelles that have central roles in cellular metabolism. They also act as important signalling hubs, and their dynamic regulation in response to stress signals helps to dictate the stress response of the cell. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory and autoimmune disease with high prevalence and complex aetiology. Mitochondrial activity affects differentiation, activation and survival of immune and non-immune cells that contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. This review outlines what is known about the role of mitochondria in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis, and how current and future therapeutic strategies can function through modulation of mitochondrial activity. We also highlight areas of this topic that warrant further study. As producers of energy and of metabolites such as succinate and citrate, mitochondria help to shape the inflammatory phenotype of leukocytes during disease. Mitochondrial components can directly stimulate immune receptors by acting as damage-associated molecular patterns, which could represent an initiating factor for the development of sterile inflammation. Mitochondria are also an important source of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and facilitate the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which produces cytokines linked to disease symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis. The fact that mitochondria contain their own genetic material renders them susceptible to mutation, which can propagate their dysfunction and immunostimulatory potential. Several drugs currently used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis regulate mitochondrial function either directly or indirectly. These actions contribute to their immunomodulatory functions, but can also lead to adverse effects. Metabolic and mitochondrial pathways are attractive targets for future anti-rheumatic drugs, however many questions still remain about the precise role of mitochondrial activity in different cell types in rheumatoid arthritis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Humans ; Mitochondria
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.673916
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Statistical analysis plan for a cluster randomised controlled trial to compare screening, feedback and intervention for child anxiety problems to usual school practice: identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools-identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i).

    Ball, Susan / Reardon, Tessa / Creswell, Cathy / Taylor, Lucy / Brown, Paul / Ford, Tamsin / Gray, Alastair / Hill, Claire / Jasper, Bec / Larkin, Michael / Macdonald, Ian / Morgan, Fran / Pollard, Jack / Sancho, Michelle / Sniehotta, Falko F / Spence, Susan H / Stainer, Jason / Stallard, Paul / Violato, Mara /
    Ukoumunne, Obioha C

    Trials

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 62

    Abstract: Background: The Identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools-identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i) trial is being conducted to establish whether 'screening and intervention', consisting of usual school practice plus a pathway comprising screening, ... ...

    Abstract Background: The Identifying Child Anxiety Through Schools-identification to intervention (iCATS-i2i) trial is being conducted to establish whether 'screening and intervention', consisting of usual school practice plus a pathway comprising screening, feedback and a brief parent-led online intervention (OSI: Online Support and Intervention for child anxiety), bring clinical and health economic benefits compared to usual school practice and assessment only - 'usual school practice', for children aged 8-9 years in the following: (1) the 'target population', who initially screen positive for anxiety problems according to a two-item parent-report child anxiety questionnaire - iCATS-2, and (2) the 'total population', comprising all children in participating classes. This article describes the detailed statistical analysis plan for the trial.
    Methods and design: iCATS-i2i is a definitive, superiority, pragmatic, school-based cluster randomised controlled trial (with internal pilot), with two parallel groups. Schools are randomised 1:1 to receive either screening and intervention or usual school practice. This article describes the following: trial objectives and outcomes; statistical analysis principles, including detailed estimand information necessary for aligning trial objectives, conduct, analyses and interpretation when there are different analysis populations and outcome measures to be considered; and planned main analyses, sensitivity and additional analyses.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ISRCTN76119074. Registered on 4 January 2022.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Feedback ; Anxiety/therapy ; Anxiety/prevention & control ; Schools ; Anxiety Disorders ; Parents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2040523-6
    ISSN 1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    ISSN (online) 1745-6215
    ISSN 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    DOI 10.1186/s13063-023-07898-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Meta-analyses of cognitive functions in early-treated adults with phenylketonuria.

    Romani, Cristina / Olson, Andrew / Aitkenhead, Lynne / Baker, Lucy / Patel, Dhanesha / Spronsen, Francjan Van / MacDonald, Anita / Wegberg, Annemiek van / Huijbregts, Stephan

    Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

    2022  Volume 143, Page(s) 104925

    Abstract: Our study estimated size of impairment for different cognitive functions in early-treated adults with PKU (AwPKU) by combining literature results in a meta-analytic way. We analysed a large set of functions (N = 19), each probed by different measures ( ... ...

    Abstract Our study estimated size of impairment for different cognitive functions in early-treated adults with PKU (AwPKU) by combining literature results in a meta-analytic way. We analysed a large set of functions (N = 19), each probed by different measures (average = 12). Data were extracted from 26 PKU groups and matched controls, with 757 AwPKU contributing 220 measures. Effect sizes (ESs) were computed using Glass' ∆ where differences in performance between clinical/PKU and control groups are standardized using the mean and standard deviation of the control groups. Significance was assessed using measures nested within independent PKU groups as a random factor. The weighted Glass' ∆ was - 0.44 for all functions taken together, and - 0.60 for IQ, both highly significant. Separate, significant impairments were found for most functions, but with great variability (ESs from -1.02 to -0.18). The most severe impairments were in reasoning, visual-spatial attention speed, sustained attention, visuo-motor control, and flexibility. Effect sizes were larger with speed than accuracy measures, and with visuo-spatial than verbal stimuli. Results show a specific PKU profile that needs consideration when monitoring the disease.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Attention ; Cognition ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Phenylketonurias/psychology ; Problem Solving
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282464-4
    ISSN 1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
    ISSN (online) 1873-7528
    ISSN 0149-7634
    DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104925
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top