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  1. Article ; Online: COVID-19 and VIH.

    Posada-Vergara, María Paulina / Alzate-Ángel, Juan Carlos / Martínez-Buitrago, Ernesto

    Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia)

    2020  Volume 51, Issue 2, Page(s) e4327

    Abstract: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the main risk factors associated with the progression to severe disease or death have been typically advanced age, diabetes mellitus, obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, and chronic pneumopathy. Because of their ...

    Abstract Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the main risk factors associated with the progression to severe disease or death have been typically advanced age, diabetes mellitus, obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, and chronic pneumopathy. Because of their immunosuppression status, persons with HIV were also expected to have a higher susceptibility to infection or a poor clinical evolution. So far, this has not been confirmed to happen, giving way to hypotheses about the role of immunosuppression or the use of antiretrovirals, which could explain this paradox. In this article we present the existing data on the epidemiology and characteristics of HIV-COVID-19 co-infection, discuss the available evidence on the possible factors involved in the evolution of individuals affected by both viruses, analyze other determinants that may negatively affect persons with HIV during the pandemic, and present recommendations for the prevention and care of COVID-19 infection in the context of HIV.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Coinfection ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Disease Progression ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/virology ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Risk Factors
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-30
    Publishing country Colombia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2059694-7
    ISSN 1657-9534 ; 0120-8322
    ISSN (online) 1657-9534
    ISSN 0120-8322
    DOI 10.25100/cm.v51i2.4327
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: COVID-19 and VIH/ Covid-19 y hiv

    Posada-Vergara, María Paulina / Alzate-Ángel, Juan Carlos / Martínez-Buitrago, Ernesto

    Colomb. med

    Abstract: Abstract Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the main risk factors associated with the progression to severe disease or death have been typically advanced age, diabetes mellitus, obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, and chronic pneumopathy. Because ...

    Abstract Abstract Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the main risk factors associated with the progression to severe disease or death have been typically advanced age, diabetes mellitus, obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, and chronic pneumopathy. Because of their immunosuppression status, persons with HIV were also expected to have a higher susceptibility to infection or a poor clinical evolution. So far, this has not been confirmed to happen, giving way to hypotheses about the role of immunosuppression or the use of antiretrovirals, which could explain this paradox. In this article we present the existing data on the epidemiology and characteristics of HIV-COVID-19 co-infection, discuss the available evidence on the possible factors involved in the evolution of individuals affected by both viruses, analyze other determinants that may negatively affect persons with HIV during the pandemic, and present recommendations for the prevention and care of COVID-19 infection in the context of HIV.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #814885
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article: COVID-19 and VIH

    Posada-Vergara, María Paulina / Alzate-Ángel, Juan Carlos / Martínez-Buitrago, Ernesto

    Colomb Med (Cali)

    Abstract: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the main risk factors associated with the progression to severe disease or death have been typically advanced age, diabetes mellitus, obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, and chronic pneumopathy. Because of their ...

    Abstract Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the main risk factors associated with the progression to severe disease or death have been typically advanced age, diabetes mellitus, obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, and chronic pneumopathy. Because of their immunosuppression status, persons with HIV were also expected to have a higher susceptibility to infection or a poor clinical evolution. So far, this has not been confirmed to happen, giving way to hypotheses about the role of immunosuppression or the use of antiretrovirals, which could explain this paradox. In this article we present the existing data on the epidemiology and characteristics of HIV-COVID-19 co-infection, discuss the available evidence on the possible factors involved in the evolution of individuals affected by both viruses, analyze other determinants that may negatively affect persons with HIV during the pandemic, and present recommendations for the prevention and care of COVID-19 infection in the context of HIV.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #790170
    Database COVID19

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  4. Article: T CD4+ cells count among patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1): high prevalence of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM).

    Casseb, Jorge / Posada-Vergara, Maria Paulina / Montanheiro, Patrícia / Fukumori, Lígia Maria Ichii / Olah, Ingrid / Smid, Jerusa / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva / Penalva de Oliveira, Augusto Cesar

    Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo

    2007  Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 231–233

    Abstract: Introduction: HIV positive patients co-infected with HTLV-1 may have an increase in their T CD4+ cell counts, thus rendering this parameter useless as an AIDS-defining event.: Objective: To study the effects induced by the co-infection of HIV-1 and ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: HIV positive patients co-infected with HTLV-1 may have an increase in their T CD4+ cell counts, thus rendering this parameter useless as an AIDS-defining event.
    Objective: To study the effects induced by the co-infection of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 upon CD4+ cells.
    Material and methods: Since 1997, our group has been following a cohort of HTLV-1-infected patients, in order to study the interaction of HTLV-1 with HIV and/or with hepatitis C virus (HCV), as well as HTLV-1-only infected asymptomatic carriers and those with tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). One hundred and fifty HTLV-1-infected subjects have been referred to our clinic at the Institute of Infectious Diseases "Emílio Ribas", São Paulo. Twenty-seven of them were also infected with HIV-1 and HTLV-1-infection using two ELISAs and confirmed and typed by Western Blot (WB) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All subjects were evaluated by two neurologists, blinded to the patient's HTLV status, and the TSP/HAM diagnostic was based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. AIDS-defining events were in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) classification of 1988. The first T CD4+ cells count available before starting anti-retroviral therapy are shown compared to the HIV-1-infected subjects at the moment of AIDS defining event.
    Results: A total of 27 HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infected subjects were identified in this cohort; 15 already had AIDS and 12 remained free of AIDS. The median of T CD4+ cell counts was 189 (98-688) cells/mm(3) and 89 (53-196) cells/mm(3) for co-infected subjects who had an AIDS-defining event, and HIV-only infected individuals, respectively (p = 0.036). Eight of 27 co-infected subjects (30%) were diagnosed as having a TSP/HAM simile diagnosis, and three of them had opportunistic infections but high T CD4+ cell counts at the time of their AIDS- defining event.
    Discussion: Our results indicate that higher T CD4+ cells count among HIV-1/HTLV-1-coinfected subjects was found in 12% of the patients who presented an AIDS-defining event. These subjects also showed a TSP/HAM simile picture when it was the first manifestation of disease; this incidence is 20 times higher than that for HTLV-1-only infected subjects in endemic areas.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV-1 ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/complications ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/immunology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-08-27
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 128928-7
    ISSN 1678-9946 ; 0036-4665
    ISSN (online) 1678-9946
    ISSN 0036-4665
    DOI 10.1590/s0036-46652007000400007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Clinical and epidemiological aspects of HTLV-II infection in São Paulo, Brazil: presence of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) simile diagnosis in HIV-1-co-infected subjects.

    Posada-Vergara, Maria Paulina / Montanheiro, Patrícia / Fukumori, Ligia M I / Bonasser, Francisco / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva / Penalva de Oliveira, Augusto Cesar / Casseb, Jorge

    Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo

    2006  Volume 48, Issue 4, Page(s) 207–210

    Abstract: In this study, the epidemiological and clinical features observed in solely HTLV-II-infected individuals were compared to those in patients co-infected with HIV-1. A total of 380 subjects attended at the HTLV Out-Patient Clinic in the Institute of ... ...

    Abstract In this study, the epidemiological and clinical features observed in solely HTLV-II-infected individuals were compared to those in patients co-infected with HIV-1. A total of 380 subjects attended at the HTLV Out-Patient Clinic in the Institute of Infectious Diseases "Emilio Ribas" (IIER), São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated every 3-6 months for the last seven years by infectious disease specialists and neurologists. Using a testing algorithm that employs the enzyme immuno assay, Western Blot and polymerase chain reaction, it was found that 201 (53%) were HTLV-I positive and 50 (13%) were infected with HTLV-II. Thirty-seven (74%) of the HTLV-II reactors were co-infected with HIV-1. Of the 13 (26%) solely HTLV-II-infected subjects, urinary tract infection was diagnosed in three (23%), one case of skin vasculitis (8%) and two cases of lumbar pain and erectile dysfunction (15%), but none myelopathy case was observed. Among 37 co-infected with HIV-1, four cases (10%) presented with tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) simile. Two patients showed paraparesis as the initial symptom, two cases first presented with vesical and erectile disturbances, peripheral neuropathies were observed in other five patients (13%), and seven (19%) patients showed some neurological signal or symptoms, most of them with lumbar pain (five cases). The results obtained suggest that neurological manifestations may be more frequent in HTLV-II/HIV-1-infected subjects than those infected with HTLV-II only.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Female ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV-1 ; HTLV-II Infections/complications ; HTLV-II Infections/epidemiology ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Male ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/diagnosis ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-11-22
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 128928-7
    ISSN 1678-9946 ; 0036-4665
    ISSN (online) 1678-9946
    ISSN 0036-4665
    DOI 10.1590/s0036-46652006000400006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: T CD4+ cells count among patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)

    Jorge Casseb / Maria Paulina Posada-Vergara / Patrícia Montanheiro / Lígia Maria Ichii Fukumori / Ingrid Olah / Jerusa Smid / Alberto José da Silva Duarte / Augusto Cesar Penalva de Oliveira

    Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Vol 49, Iss 4, Pp 231-

    high prevalence of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) Contagens de células T CD4+ na co-infecção HIV-1 e HTLV-1: alta prevalência da paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTLV-1

    2007  Volume 233

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: HIV positive patients co-infected with HTLV-1 may have an increase in their T CD4+ cell counts, thus rendering this parameter useless as an AIDS-defining event. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects induced by the co-infection of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION: HIV positive patients co-infected with HTLV-1 may have an increase in their T CD4+ cell counts, thus rendering this parameter useless as an AIDS-defining event. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects induced by the co-infection of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 upon CD4+ cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Since 1997, our group has been following a cohort of HTLV-1-infected patients, in order to study the interaction of HTLV-1 with HIV and/or with hepatitis C virus (HCV), as well as HTLV-1-only infected asymptomatic carriers and those with tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). One hundred and fifty HTLV-1-infected subjects have been referred to our clinic at the Institute of Infectious Diseases "Emílio Ribas", São Paulo. Twenty-seven of them were also infected with HIV-1 and HTLV-1-infection using two ELISAs and confirmed and typed by Western Blot (WB) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All subjects were evaluated by two neurologists, blinded to the patient's HTLV status, and the TSP/HAM diagnostic was based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. AIDS-defining events were in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) classification of 1988. The first T CD4+ cells count available before starting anti-retroviral therapy are shown compared to the HIV-1-infected subjects at the moment of AIDS defining event. RESULTS: A total of 27 HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infected subjects were identified in this cohort; 15 already had AIDS and 12 remained free of AIDS. The median of T CD4+ cell counts was 189 (98-688) cells/mm³ and 89 (53-196) cells/mm³ for co-infected subjects who had an AIDS-defining event, and HIV-only infected individuals, respectively (p = 0.036). Eight of 27 co-infected subjects (30%) were diagnosed as having a TSP/HAM simile diagnosis, and three of them had opportunistic infections but high T CD4+ cell counts at the time of their AIDS- defining event. DISCUSSION: Our results indicate that higher T CD4+ cells count among HIV-1/HTLV-1-coinfected subjects was found in 12% of the patients who presented an AIDS-defining event. These subjects also showed a TSP/HAM simile picture when it was the first manifestation of disease; this incidence is 20 times higher than that for HTLV-1-only infected subjects in endemic areas. INTRODUÇÃO: A possibilidade que a co-infecção pelo vírus da leucemia de células T humana do tipo 1 (HTLV-1) em indivíduos infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana do tipo 1 poderia falsamente elevar o número de linfócitos T CD4+ no momento do evento definidor de aids, inferindo que essa contagem poderia ser um marcador laboratorial incompleto nos pacientes com a co-infecção HIV-1/HTLV-1. OBJETIVO: Estudar a interação entre o HIV-1 e a co-infecção como o HTLV-1. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Desde 1997, nosso grupo tem seguido uma coorte de pacientes para estudar a interação entre HIV e/ou vírus da hepatite C (HCV), como também pacientes assintomáticos ou com TSP/HAM. 150 pacientes infectados pelo HTLV-1, encaminhados à clínica de HTLV do Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, Brasil, foram estudados. Vinte e sete deles estavam co-infectados pelo HIV-1 e HTLV-1, usando dois ELISAs e confirmados tipados pelo WB ou PCR. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados por dois neurologistas, cegos para o status de HTLV e o diagnóstico de TSP/HAM foi baseado na classificação da Organização Mundial de Saúde, 1988. A primeira contagem de células T disponível antes da terapia anti-retroviral foi mostrada para comparar com os pacientes infectados pelo HIV no momento do evento definidor de aids de acordo com Classificação do Centro de controle de Doenças, 1988. RESULTADOS: Um total de 27 HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infectados foram identificados na coorte, 15 já apresentavam aids e 12 permaneceram sem evento de aids. A mediana de células T CD4 foi de 189 (98-688) células/mm³ e 89 (53-196) células/mm³ nos co-infectados que tinham evento definidor de aids e naqueles com a infecção somente pelo HIV, respectivamente (p = 0,036). Oito dos 27 co-infectados (30%) foram diagnosticados tendo TSP/HAM símile, e três deles mostraram elevada contagem de células T CD4 e apresentaram infecções oportunistas no momento do evento definidor de aids. DISCUSSÃO: Nossos resultados indicam que a contagem de células T CD4+ entre os indivíduos com HIV-1/HTLV-1 foi somente discrepante em 12% desses pacientes e podem ser relacionados à progressão da infecção HTLV-1, e todos mostraram um quadro de TSP/HAM símile como a primeira manifestação de doença. Entretanto, essa taxa de ataque foi 20 vezes mais alta que a observada em pacientes somente infectados pelo HTLV-1 em área endêmica.
    Keywords HTLV-I ; HIV-1 ; Co-infection ; Neurological manifestation ; TSP/HAM simile ; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Universidade de São Paulo
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Clinical and epidemiological aspects of HTLV-II infection in São Paulo, Brazil

    Maria Paulina Posada-Vergara / Patrícia Montanheiro / Ligia M.I. Fukumori / Francisco Bonasser / Alberto José da Silva Duarte / Augusto Cesar Penalva de Oliveira / Jorge Casseb

    Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Vol 48, Iss 4, Pp 207-

    presence of Tropical Spastic Paraparesis/HTLV-Associated Myelopathy (TSP/HAM) simile diagnosis in HIV-1-co-infected subjects Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas do tipo 2 (HTLV-II) em São Paulo, Brasil: presença de paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTLV em pacientes co-infectados pelo HIV-1

    2006  Volume 210

    Abstract: In this study, the epidemiological and clinical features observed in solely HTLV-II-infected individuals were compared to those in patients co-infected with HIV-1. A total of 380 subjects attended at the HTLV Out-Patient Clinic in the Institute of ... ...

    Abstract In this study, the epidemiological and clinical features observed in solely HTLV-II-infected individuals were compared to those in patients co-infected with HIV-1. A total of 380 subjects attended at the HTLV Out-Patient Clinic in the Institute of Infectious Diseases "Emilio Ribas" (IIER), São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated every 3-6 months for the last seven years by infectious disease specialists and neurologists. Using a testing algorithm that employs the enzyme immuno assay, Western Blot and polymerase chain reaction, it was found that 201 (53%) were HTLV-I positive and 50 (13%) were infected with HTLV-II. Thirty-seven (74%) of the HTLV-II reactors were co-infected with HIV-1. Of the 13 (26%) solely HTLV-II-infected subjects, urinary tract infection was diagnosed in three (23%), one case of skin vasculitis (8%) and two cases of lumbar pain and erectile dysfunction (15%), but none myelopathy case was observed. Among 37 co-infected with HIV-1, four cases (10%) presented with tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) simile. Two patients showed paraparesis as the initial symptom, two cases first presented with vesical and erectile disturbances, peripheral neuropathies were observed in other five patients (13%), and seven (19%) patients showed some neurological signal or symptoms, most of them with lumbar pain (five cases). The results obtained suggest that neurological manifestations may be more frequent in HTLV-II/HIV-1-infected subjects than those infected with HTLV-II only. Neste estudo, as características epidemiológicas e clínicas observadas nos indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-II foram comparadas com os pacientes co-infectados com HIV-1. Um total de 380 indivíduos atendidos na clínica do Ambulatório HTLV do Instituto de Infectologia "Emilio Ribas" (IIER), São Paulo, Brasil, foram avaliados a cada 3-6 meses nos últimos sete anos por especialistas em doenças infecciosas e neurologistas. Usando um algoritmo que emprega ensaio imunoenzimático, Western Blot e reação em cadeia de polimerase, foram incluídos 201 (53%) pacientes infectados pelo HTLV-I e 50 (13%) infectados pelo HTLV-II. Trinta e sete (74%) eram co-infectados pelo HTLV-II e HIV-1. Dos 13 (26%) indivíduos unicamente infectados pelo HTLV-II, infecção do trato urinário foi diagnosticada em três, um com vasculite e em dois casos dor lombar e disfunção erétil mas nenhum caso de mielopatia foi observado. Entre 37 pacientes co-infectados com HIV-1, quatro (10%) casos apresentaram com paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTLV similar. Dois casos mostraram paraparesia como sintoma inicial, dois outros casos se apresentaram primeiramente com distúrbios vesical e erétil e as neuropatias periféricas foram observadas em cinco pacientes (13%). Outros sete (19%) pacientes mostraram algum sinal ou sintoma neurológico, a maioria deles com dor lombar (cinco casos). Os resultados sugerem que as manifestações neurológicas podem ser mais freqüentes em indivíduos co-infectados pelo HTLV-II/HIV-1 do que nos indivíduos infectados somente pelo HTLV-II.
    Keywords HTLV-II ; Co-infection ; Neurological manifestation ; TSP/HAM simile ; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Universidade de São Paulo
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Molecular characterization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-II) from people living in urban areas of Sao Paulo city: evidence of multiple subtypes circulation.

    Novoa, Patricia / Penalva de Oliveira, Augusto César / Posada Vergara, Maria Paulina / da Silva Duarte, Alberto José / Casseb, Jorge

    Journal of medical virology

    2007  Volume 79, Issue 2, Page(s) 182–187

    Abstract: Background: In Brazil, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and type II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) are co-circulating and possess approximately 65% homology, which results in high cross-reactivity in serological tests. Based on the detection of EIA and ... ...

    Abstract Background: In Brazil, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and type II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) are co-circulating and possess approximately 65% homology, which results in high cross-reactivity in serological tests. Based on the detection of EIA and Western blot (WB) tests, HTLV serodiagnosis yields indeterminate results in high-risk population, with the true determination of HTLV-II prevalence requiring a combined serological and molecular analysis. Molecular analysis of HTLV-II isolates has shown the existence of four distinct subtypes: IIa, IIb, IIc, and IId. The aim of this study was to evaluate the routine EIA and WB used in Sao Paulo city, as well as molecular methods for confirmation of infection and HTLV-II subtype distribution.
    Results: Two hundred ninety-three individuals, who were enrolled in the HTLV out-clinic in Sao Paulo city, Brazil, between July 1997 and May 2003, were tested by EIAs, and positive sera 232 (79%) reactive by one of the tests. When these sera were tested by WB revealed 134 were HTLV-I, 28 HTLV-II, 4 HTLV-I/II, and 48 were indeterminate. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the indeterminate group showed that 20 (42%) were HTLV-II and 28 were negative. From a total of 48 HTLV-II subjects with DNA available, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the env region revealed 47 HTLV-IIa and 1 HTLV-IIb. The phylogenetic analysis was performed on 23 samples, which identified 19 as subtype a, Brazilian subcluster, and 4 as subtype b. This is the first time HTLV-II subtype b has been described in Brazil. However, further studies, such as a complete nucleotide DNA sequencing, need to be done to confirm these findings.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Blotting, Western ; Brazil/epidemiology ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Female ; Gene Products, tax/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; HTLV-II Antibodies/blood ; HTLV-II Infections/epidemiology ; HTLV-II Infections/virology ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 2/classification ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 2/genetics ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 2/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Prevalence ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications
    Chemical Substances DNA, Viral ; Gene Products, tax ; HTLV-II Antibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.20775
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Corticosteroid therapy in TSP/HAM patients: the results from a 10 years open cohort.

    Croda, Mariana Garcia / de Oliveira, Augusto César Penalva / Vergara, Maria Paulina Posada / Bonasser, Francisco / Smid, Jerusa / Duarte, Alberto José da Silva / Casseb, Jorge

    Journal of the neurological sciences

    2008  Volume 269, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 133–137

    Abstract: Background: The use of corticosteroids for treating tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) has yielded controversial results. We report the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of TSP/HAM in an open cohort.: Methods: ... ...

    Abstract Background: The use of corticosteroids for treating tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) has yielded controversial results. We report the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of TSP/HAM in an open cohort.
    Methods: The clinical efficacy of long-term, high dose of corticosteroid therapy was studied in thirty-nine TSP/HAM patients. Disability and motor dysfunction was evaluated based on the Disability Status Scale (DSS), Osame's Motor Disability Scales (OMDS), and Incapacity Status Scale (ISS), before and after treatment. Treatment included use of methyl-prednisolone, 1 g/day for three days, every 3-4 months. The primary end-point was a change in the scores of the neurological scales from baseline until the fifth visit after therapy.
    Results: After a mean follow-up of 2.2 years and an average of four pulses per patient, we noted a significant neurological improvement, reaching 24.5% according to the ISS score. No statistically significant differences in scores according to the OMDS and DSS scales were noted.
    Conclusion: We observed neurological improvement with the use of corticosteroids, with physical therapy and antispastic-drugs as adjunctive treatment. However, randomized clinical trials should be done to assess the use of corticosteroids and other potentially useful immune-based therapies for TSP/HAM treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Disability Evaluation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/drug therapy ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index
    Chemical Substances Adrenal Cortex Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80160-4
    ISSN 1878-5883 ; 0022-510X ; 0374-8642
    ISSN (online) 1878-5883
    ISSN 0022-510X ; 0374-8642
    DOI 10.1016/j.jns.2008.01.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: High production of RANTES and MIP-1alpha in the tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM).

    Montanheiro, Patricia / Vergara, Maria Paulina Posada / Smid, Jerusa / da Silva Duarte, Alberto José / de Oliveira, Augusto César Penalva / Casseb, Jorge

    Journal of neuroimmunology

    2007  Volume 188, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 138–142

    Abstract: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with progressive neurological disorders and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). The pathogenesis of TSP/HAM is considered as immune mediated, ... ...

    Abstract Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with progressive neurological disorders and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). The pathogenesis of TSP/HAM is considered as immune mediated, involving cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses to a number of viral proteins and notably the regulation protein Tax. T CD8+ cells produce beta-chemokines, which are important in the anti-viral response. In the present study, we have analyzed the CC chemokines (RANTES, MIP-1beta and MIP-1alpha) production in retrovirus-infected subjects. A total of 191 subjects were studied: 52 healthy controls, 72 asymptomatic HTLV-1-infected carriers and 67 TSP/HAM patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were maintained in the presence or absence of PHA, and supernatant fluids were assayed using EIA. MIP-1beta concentration was not significantly different across groups, but RANTES and MIP-1alpha concentrations showed significant differences when the three groups were compared. In TSP/HAM patients, the increase in the production of chemokines may lead to a recruitment of pro-inflammatory factors, contributing to the membrane's myelin damage.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Carrier State/blood ; Carrier State/immunology ; Carrier State/virology ; Chemokine CCL3 ; Chemokine CCL5/metabolism ; Chemokines, CC/metabolism ; Female ; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/immunology ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/metabolism ; Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/virology
    Chemical Substances CCL3 protein, human ; Chemokine CCL3 ; Chemokine CCL5 ; Chemokines, CC
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 8335-5
    ISSN 1872-8421 ; 0165-5728
    ISSN (online) 1872-8421
    ISSN 0165-5728
    DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2007.05.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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