Article ; Online: Characterization of clinical presentation, histological features, ultrasonographic findings, and survival in 29 dogs with granulomatous hepatitis.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine
2023 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 167–175
Abstract: Background: Granulomatous hepatitis (GH) is a form of chronic hepatitis (CH) in dogs for which limited information is published.: Hypothesis: Describe the clinical presentation, clinical pathology, ultrasound, and hepatic histopathology findings and ... ...
Abstract | Background: Granulomatous hepatitis (GH) is a form of chronic hepatitis (CH) in dogs for which limited information is published. Hypothesis: Describe the clinical presentation, clinical pathology, ultrasound, and hepatic histopathology findings and to report survival times in dogs with GH. Animals: Twenty-nine client-owned dogs with GH. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Pathology records were searched. Inclusion criteria included a histopathologic diagnosis of GH, absence of an identified etiology or evidence of extrahepatic granulomatous disease, and a medical record available for review. Clinical presentation, clinical pathologic findings, treatment protocols, and survival times were recorded. Available hepatic biopsy material was graded and scored, and ultrasound evaluations reviewed. Results: The median age was 7 years (range, 0.66-12 years). Nineteen breeds were represented. Decreased appetite (19/29), lethargy (16/29), and fever (13/29) were seen most commonly. All dogs had increased serum transaminase activities, whereas 21/29 and 12/24 had hyperbilirubinemia and neutrophilia, respectively. Ultrasonographic findings included hepatomegaly (12/22), nodular parenchymal lesions (9/22), and hyperechoic parenchymal bands (8/22). Histopathologic necroinflammatory scores were moderate to severe in 16/19 dogs, and fibrosis scores were mild in 14/19 dogs. Treatments varied and included antibiotics, immunosuppressive drugs, and hepatoprotectants. Overall median survival was 635 days (range, 1-2482 days). Conclusion and clinical importance: Granulomatous hepatitis in dogs is associated with high histopathologic grade, fever, neutrophilia, and a high incidence of hepatomegaly and focal parenchymal lesions on ultrasound examination. Despite disease severity on presentation, dogs with GH can have a good outcome with prolonged survival. |
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MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Dogs ; Animals ; Hepatomegaly/veterinary ; Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Dog Diseases/drug therapy ; Hepatitis, Chronic/veterinary ; Retrospective Studies |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2023-11-23 |
Publishing country | United States |
Document type | Observational Study, Veterinary ; Journal Article |
ZDB-ID | 92798-3 |
ISSN | 1939-1676 ; 0891-6640 |
ISSN (online) | 1939-1676 |
ISSN | 0891-6640 |
DOI | 10.1111/jvim.16937 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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