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Article ; Online: Need of Integrating Sonoscopy in Undergraduate Medical Education in Developing Countries.

Thapa, Amit

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council

2020 Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) 556–559

Abstract: Early exposure to technical knowledge improves dexterity and encourages ingenuity. We see the role of ultrasound as a "sonoscope". Use of sonoscope improves anatomical understanding and improves virtual image interpretation (mind's eye). Early sonoscope ... ...

Abstract	Early exposure to technical knowledge improves dexterity and encourages ingenuity. We see the role of ultrasound as a "sonoscope". Use of sonoscope improves anatomical understanding and improves virtual image interpretation (mind's eye). Early sonoscope use does not interfere with learning physical examination rather it improves one's sensitivity as one sees what lies underneath one's hand. Sonoscope is being used by various medical specialities not only to make diagnosis, but also to monitor and guide interventions. Medical schools worldwide have realised the need and relevance of sonoscope in medical curriculum and hence this needs to be integrated in undergraduate medical education in developing countries. Keywords: Medical education; point of care ultrasound (POCUS); sonoscope.
MeSH term(s)	Curriculum ; Developing Countries ; Education, Medical, Undergraduate ; Humans ; Nepal ; Schools, Medical ; Ultrasonography
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-14
Publishing country	Nepal
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2551251-1
ISSN	1999-6217 ; 1999-6217
ISSN (online)	1999-6217
ISSN	1999-6217
DOI	10.33314/jnhrc.v18i3.2689
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: COVID-19 and the Role of Neurosurgeons in Nepal.

Thapa, Amit

World neurosurgery

2020 Volume 139, Page(s) 629–631

Abstract: Background: Despite the panic and chaos that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has generated in over 200 countries, the role of neurosurgeons has never been more relevant and challenging. The health system in Nepal was never geared to face an ... ...

Abstract	Background: Despite the panic and chaos that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has generated in over 200 countries, the role of neurosurgeons has never been more relevant and challenging. The health system in Nepal was never geared to face an onslaught of an infectious disease. Methods: At Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, we designated a separate complex for housing COVID-19 suspects to prevent the unaffected from getting exposed. In a few hospitals, existing neurosurgical and medical intensive care units have been converted to isolation intensive care units. A separate roster of doctors, nurses, and allied staff has been drafted to care for these patients to avoid contamination and allow effective quarantine of the staff involved in care. Results: At the directive of the government, all neurosurgical centers postponed routine cases and some have closed their outpatient departments because of the lack of protective gear. All neurosurgical centers have seen drastic reductions in cases. Conclusions: In these challenging times, we neurosurgeons, who are naturally primed and trained to respond and take on challenges in difficult situations, have the ideal opportunity to shine and make a true difference during this pandemic and beyond and be "5-star doctors."
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/surgery ; Humans ; Nepal/epidemiology ; Neurosurgeons/standards ; Neurosurgeons/trends ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/surgery ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	News
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.093
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Systematic use of point of care ultrasound in neurosurgical intensive care unit: a practical approach.

Pokhrel, Bibesh / Thapa, Amit

Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery

2023 Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 2287–2298

Abstract: Background: Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is a cost-effective, non-invasive procedure with high diagnostic reliability and therapeutic utilities. For various reasons, it is not being used routinely in neurosurgical intensive care unit (ICU). We have ... ...

Abstract	Background: Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is a cost-effective, non-invasive procedure with high diagnostic reliability and therapeutic utilities. For various reasons, it is not being used routinely in neurosurgical intensive care unit (ICU). We have introduced a systematic use of POCUS in critically ill patients in our neurosurgical ICU. We have studied the various indications and benefit of using this technique. Methods: This is a prospective, single center cohort observational study done in patients who were admitted in a tertiary neurosurgical ICU over 1 year (17 Results: POCUS was used in 240 patients, including all patients for primary and secondary surveys, 192 patients (80%) for optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement, 14 myelomeningoceles for trans-fontanelle ultrasound study, 16 post operative cases of aneurysm clipping for transcranial Doppler (TCD) study, 86 patients for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) screening, 17 for evaluation of ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt functionality, 30 for transcranial defect ultrasound, 45 for chest ultrasound, 4 for evaluation of hemodynamic shock and 67 patients who had difficult cannualtion or while insertion of central venous catheter placement. POCUS was also used for difficult cannulation, central catheter placement and e-FAST scan. Significant findings were reported 129 times, which led to immediate change in management in 62 patients (25.83%) as compared to 16 patients in whom significant findings were not reported using POCUS, but management was changed using other radiological modalities (P<0.01). There was initial lag in adopting the technique, however with practice, the team developed confidence. As a result, the accuracy and time taken to perform the procedure was reduced significantly. Conclusions: Routine systematic use of POCUS can be beneficial not only for the rapid diagnosis and prompt management of patients, but also helpful in monitoring and performing various procedures in neurosurgical ICU. Though not all modalities mentioned in standardized format was used in all patients, use of this format has helped improved training and maintain proper use of POCUS in our ICU.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-08
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2653586-5
ISSN	2223-4306 ; 2223-4292
ISSN (online)	2223-4306
ISSN	2223-4292
DOI	10.21037/qims-22-667
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Need of Integrating Sonoscopy in Undergraduate Medical Education in Developing Countries

Amit Thapa

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, Vol 18, Iss

2020 Volume 3

Abstract: Early exposure to technical knowledge improves dexterity and encourages ingenuity. We see the role of ultrasound as a “sonoscope”. Use of sonoscope improves anatomical understanding and improves virtual image interpretation (mind’s eye). Early sonoscope ... ...

Abstract	Early exposure to technical knowledge improves dexterity and encourages ingenuity. We see the role of ultrasound as a “sonoscope”. Use of sonoscope improves anatomical understanding and improves virtual image interpretation (mind’s eye). Early sonoscope use does not interfere with learning physical examination rather it improves one’s sensitivity as one sees what lies underneath one’s hand. Sonoscope is being used by various medical specialities not only to make diagnosis, but also to monitor and guide interventions. Medical schools worldwide have realised the need and relevance of sonoscope in medical curriculum and hence this needs to be integrated in undergraduate medical education in developing countries. Keywords: Medical education; point of care ultrasound (POCUS); sonoscope
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nepal Health Research Council
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Nepal and COVID-19

Amit Thapa

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-

A strange case and the Dilemma

2020 Volume 4

Abstract: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 started as an outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Despite strict measures put up by China, its silent but highly contagious nature led to widespread dissemination which made World Health Organization (WHO) declare it ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 started as an outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Despite strict measures put up by China, its silent but highly contagious nature led to widespread dissemination which made World Health Organization (WHO) declare it as a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. With 152,523 people dying among 2,347,060 affected in 213 countries and territories due to the disease, nations are fighting to “flatten the curve of epidemic. The situation in Nepal has been rather strange. Due to its geographical proximity to China and porous borders, WHO quickly declared it a high-risk country for COVID-19, however, only few cases had been reported till date with no record of local transmission (except for one with direct contact) even after testing 8081 samples. It appears as if Nepal has been able to keep the pandemic in early phase for this long!
Keywords	covid-19 ; nepal ; Surgery ; RD1-811 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; covid19
Subject code	950
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	NESON
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: COVID-19 and the Role of Neurosurgeons in Nepal

Thapa, Amit

World Neurosurgery

2020 Volume 139, Page(s) 629–631

Keywords	Surgery ; Clinical Neurology ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.093
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Location:
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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Exploring the healthcare access challenges faced by visually impaired young women in Nepal: Navigating sexual harassment and stigma within healthcare settings.

Timilsina, Amit / Neupane, Pabitra / Pandey, Janaki / Subedi, Aastha / Thapa, Subash

Dialogues in health

2024 Volume 4, Page(s) 100171

Abstract: Introduction: Despite global progress in gender equality, still not every woman has access to safe and the highest quality health care. Visually impaired young adult women represent one of the most vulnerable groups with a poorer ability to access ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Despite global progress in gender equality, still not every woman has access to safe and the highest quality health care. Visually impaired young adult women represent one of the most vulnerable groups with a poorer ability to access necessary healthcare services. This study aims to explore and comprehend the experiences of visually impaired young adult women in accessing healthcare services in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted among 16 visually impaired women aged 20 to 35 years who had utilized healthcare services within the past 12 months. Face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted for data collection, and thematic analysis was conducted for data analysis. Results: Our study revealed a range of challenges faced by visually impaired young women that impeded their healthcare-seeking. These challenges included sexual harassment by male healthcare providers, disability-related stigma, financial difficulties, limited autonomy in decision-making, and a lack of disability-friendly healthcare facilities and services. Particularly, experiencing sexual harassment from male healthcare providers, coupled with underlying disability-related stigma, profoundly influenced the avoidance of healthcare. To navigate these challenges, some women sought support by having family members or friends accompany them or by requesting to be seen by a female healthcare provider. Nevertheless, financial dependence on families and women lacking employment and income led to a feeling of burden on the family, contributing to a reluctance among women to seek expensive healthcare. Social organization-based, collaborative efforts and peer support networks played a significant role in breaking down barriers and improving overall healthcare experiences. Conclusions: While integrating disability-friendly healthcare services and infrastructure is essential, fostering attitudinal and behavioral change-particularly among male healthcare providers-is more important to ensure safety for young women in healthcare settings. The implementation of anti-sexual harassment policies is imperative to ensure a safe and respectful environment. Community mobilizing and peer group-based programs can be tested for increasing visually impaired women's utilization of relevant healthcare services.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2772-6533
ISSN (online)	2772-6533
DOI	10.1016/j.dialog.2024.100171
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Neurosurgery training in Nepal: then and now.

Chaurasia, Bipin / Raut, Rupesh / Chaurasia, Raushan / Thapa, Amit

Frontiers in surgery

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1211722

Abstract: Introduction: Neurosurgery training lacks uniformity across the world. Differences in the methods of training adopted during the training period is one of the major problems encountered in the field of neurosurgery all over the world. Moreover, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Neurosurgery training lacks uniformity across the world. Differences in the methods of training adopted during the training period is one of the major problems encountered in the field of neurosurgery all over the world. Moreover, neurosurgery is not "one neurosurgery"; in other words, it is not a unified whole. Material and methods: In this study, we attempt to evaluate the present conditions of neurosurgery training in Nepal by exploring different institutions providing the training. Results: Due to various factors and challenges, the neurosurgery training provided in Nepal varies in different institutions. Many travel abroad for training due to a lack of sufficient seats in training institutions. Discussion and conclusions: Despite the challenges, the future is bright for neurosurgery training in Nepal. With continued investment in education and training, and the adoption of new technologies and techniques, it is likely that the field of neurosurgery will continue to thrive and make a positive impact on the health and well-being of the Nepali population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2773823-1
ISSN	2296-875X
ISSN	2296-875X
DOI	10.3389/fsurg.2023.1211722
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Article ; Online: A rare presentation of extra-axial supratentorial ependymoma with subdural hematoma mimicking a parasagittal meningioma.

Bohara, Sandeep / Shrestha, Sushan / Thapa, Amit

Brain & spine

2023 Volume 3, Page(s) 101715

Abstract: Introduction: Primary extra-axial ependymomas, though rare, the majority of such lesions are identified as WHO grade III ependymomas. These ependymomas may mimick a meningioma on radiological investigations which can be confirmed by histopathology.: ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Primary extra-axial ependymomas, though rare, the majority of such lesions are identified as WHO grade III ependymomas. These ependymomas may mimick a meningioma on radiological investigations which can be confirmed by histopathology. Research question: We show in this case report a rare presentation of extra-axial supratentorial ependymoma with concomitant subdural hematoma mimicking a parasagittal meningioma. Material and methods: A 59 years lady with no known comorbidities presented with weakness of right half of body and decreased speech for 2 days. She was aphasic. Contrast MRI brain revealed an extra-axial dural-based homogenously enhancing lesion in the left anterior 1/3 Results: The biopsy of the mass, however, revealed features suggestive of extra-axial supratentorial ependymoma (WHO Grade III). Immunohistochemistry supported the diagnosis of supratentorial ependymoma, NOS. The patient was then referred for further chemoradiation. Discussion and conclusion: We report the first case of extra-axial supratentorial ependymoma mimicking a parasagittal meningioma occurring with adjacent subdural hematoma. Clinical and imaging background along with a complete pathological examination with immunohistochemical study is essential to confirm the diagnosis of rare brain tumours.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2772-5294
ISSN (online)	2772-5294
DOI	10.1016/j.bas.2023.101715
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Nepal and COVID-19: A strange case and the Dilemma

Thapa, Amit

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience

Abstract: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 started as an outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019 Despite strict measures put up by China, its silent but highly contagious nature led to widespread dissemination which made World Health Organization (WHO) declare it ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 started as an outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019 Despite strict measures put up by China, its silent but highly contagious nature led to widespread dissemination which made World Health Organization (WHO) declare it as a global pandemic on 11 March 2020 With 152,523 people dying among 2,347,060 affected in 213 countries and territories due to the disease, nations are fighting to “flatten the curve of epidemic The situation in Nepal has been rather strange Due to its geographical proximity to China and porous borders, WHO quickly declared it a high-risk country for COVID-19, however, only few cases had been reported till date with no record of local transmission (except for one with direct contact) even after testing 8081 samples It appears as if Nepal has been able to keep the pandemic in early phase for this long!
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #926577
Database	COVID19

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