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  1. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Epidemiologische Charakteristika von Epi- und Pandemien

    Standl, Fabian [Verfasser] / Stang, Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer]

    2023  

    Author's details Fabian Standl ; Betreuer: Andreas Stang
    Keywords Medizin, Gesundheit ; Medicine, Health
    Subject code sg610
    Language German
    Publisher Duisburg ; Universität Duisburg-Essen
    Publishing place Essen
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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  2. Article ; Online: On the gap between objective and perceived risks of COVID-19.

    Kowall, Bernd / Jöckel, Karl-Heinz / Standl, Fabian / Stang, Andreas

    Herz

    2023  Volume 48, Issue 3, Page(s) 239–242

    Abstract: A survey conducted by the German Socio-Economic Panel during the early phase of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic in spring 2020 showed that the perceived risks of SARS-CoV‑2 infection were a massive overestimation of the actual risks. A total of 5783 people (2.3% ...

    Title translation Zu den Unterschieden zwischen objektiven und wahrgenommenen Risiken von COVID-19.
    Abstract A survey conducted by the German Socio-Economic Panel during the early phase of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic in spring 2020 showed that the perceived risks of SARS-CoV‑2 infection were a massive overestimation of the actual risks. A total of 5783 people (2.3% missing data) stated how likely they thought it was that SARS-CoV‑2 would cause a life-threatening illness in them in the next 12 months. The average subjective probability was 26%. We consider how such an overestimation could have occurred and how a more realistic risk assessment could be achieved in the population in a future pandemic. We show that qualitative attributes of the pandemic, the reporting of the media, and psychological features may have contributed to the overestimation of SARS-CoV‑2 risks. In its early stages, the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic had qualitative characteristics known to lead to an overestimation of risks: The risks associated with the pandemic were new, unfamiliar, perceived as poorly controllable, and were taken involuntarily. Phenomena known from cognitive psychology such as the availability and anchor heuristics can also explain the overestimation of pandemic risks. Characteristics of media coverage such as the focus on individual fates and the associated neglect of the denominator also contributed to the gap between perceived and objective risk. In a potential future pandemic, people need to be vigilant but not in a panic. Better risk communication-for example, with better prepared figures and graphically presented percentages while avoiding the denominator neglect-could help the population to perceive risks of future pandemics more realistically.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Risk Assessment ; Pandemics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 8262-4
    ISSN 1615-6692 ; 0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
    ISSN (online) 1615-6692
    ISSN 0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
    DOI 10.1007/s00059-023-05184-4
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    Zs.A 1270: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 426: Show issues

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  3. Article ; Online: A twenty-first century perspective on concepts of modern epidemiology in Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis' work on puerperal sepsis.

    Stang, Andreas / Standl, Fabian / Poole, Charles

    European journal of epidemiology

    2022  Volume 37, Issue 5, Page(s) 437–445

    Abstract: We aimed to review Semmelweis's complete work on puerperal sepsis mortality in maternity wards in relation to exposure to cadavers and chlorine handwashing and other factors from the perspective of modern epidemiological methods. We reviewed Semmelweis' ... ...

    Abstract We aimed to review Semmelweis's complete work on puerperal sepsis mortality in maternity wards in relation to exposure to cadavers and chlorine handwashing and other factors from the perspective of modern epidemiological methods. We reviewed Semmelweis' complete work and data as published by von Györy 1905 according to current standards. We paid particular attention to Semmelweis's definition of mortality in and of itself, to concepts of modern epidemiology that were already recognizable in Semmelweis's work, and to bias sources. We did several quantitative bias analyses to address selection bias and information bias from outcome measurement error. Semmelweis addressed biases that have become known to modern epidemiology, such as confounding, selection bias and bias from outcome misclassification. Our bias analysis shows that differential loss to follow-up is an unlikely explanation for his results. Bias due to outcome misclassification would only be relevant if misclassification differed between time periods. Confounding by health status was likely but could not be quantitatively addressed. Semmelweis was aware that cause-specific mortality is a function of incidence and prognosis. He reasoned in potential outcome terms to estimate the reduced number of deaths from an intervention. He advanced a hypothesis of clinic overcrowding as a risk factor for puerperal sepsis mortality that turns out to be wrong. Semmelweis' data provide a great pool for illustrating the logic of scientific discovery by use of the numerical method. The explanatory power of his work was strong and Semmelweis was able to refute several previous causal explanations.
    MeSH term(s) Causality ; Female ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Hungary ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Puerperal Infection/epidemiology ; Puerperal Infection/history ; Risk Factors ; Selection Bias ; Sepsis/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632614-6
    ISSN 1573-7284 ; 0393-2990
    ISSN (online) 1573-7284
    ISSN 0393-2990
    DOI 10.1007/s10654-022-00871-8
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  4. Article ; Online: COVID-19 and the need of targeted inverse quarantine.

    Standl, Fabian / Jöckel, Karl-Heinz / Stang, Andreas

    European journal of epidemiology

    2020  Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 339–340

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Government ; Humans ; Italy ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Quarantine ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 632614-6
    ISSN 1573-7284 ; 0393-2990
    ISSN (online) 1573-7284
    ISSN 0393-2990
    DOI 10.1007/s10654-020-00629-0
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  5. Article ; Online: Characteristics of COVID-19 pandemic and public health consequences.

    Stang, Andreas / Standl, Fabian / Jöckel, Karl-Heinz

    Herz

    2020  Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) 313–315

    Title translation Merkmale der COVID-19-Pandemie und der Folgen für die öffentliche Gesundheit.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Public Health ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-25
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 8262-4
    ISSN 1615-6692 ; 0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
    ISSN (online) 1615-6692
    ISSN 0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
    DOI 10.1007/s00059-020-04932-0
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  6. Article: COVID-19: Vaccination Side Effects and Sick Leave in Frontline Healthcare-Workers-A Web-Based Survey in Germany.

    Nohl, André / Brune, Bastian / Weichert, Veronika / Standl, Fabian / Stang, Andreas / Dudda, Marcel

    Vaccines

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 3

    Abstract: 1) Background: The COVID-19 vaccination has caused uncertainty among employees and employers regarding vaccination reactions and incapacitation. At the time of our study, three vaccines are licensed in Germany to combat the COVID-19 pandemic (BioNTech/ ... ...

    Abstract (1) Background: The COVID-19 vaccination has caused uncertainty among employees and employers regarding vaccination reactions and incapacitation. At the time of our study, three vaccines are licensed in Germany to combat the COVID-19 pandemic (BioNTech/Pfizer (Comirnaty), AstraZeneca (Vaxzevria), and Moderna (Spikevax). We aim to assess how often and to what extent frontline healthcare workers had vaccination reactions after the first and second vaccination. The main focus is on the amount of sick leave after the vaccinations. (2) Methods: We create a web-based online questionnaire and deliver it to 270 medical directors in emergency medical services all over Germany. They are asked to make the questionnaire public to employees in their area of responsibility. To assess the association between independent variables and adverse effects of vaccination, we use log-binomial regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for dichotomous outcomes (sick leave). (3) Results: A total of 3909 individuals participate in the survey for the first vaccination, of whom 3657 (94%) also provide data on the second vaccination. Compared to the first vaccination, mRNA-related vaccine reactions are more intense after the second vaccination, while vaccination reactions are less intense for vector vaccines. (4) Conclusion: Most vaccination reactions are physiological (local or systemic). Our results can help to anticipate the extent to which personnel will be unable to work after vaccination. Even among vaccinated HCWs, there seems to be some skepticism about future vaccinations. Therefore, continuous education and training should be provided to all professionals, especially regarding vaccination boosters. Our results contribute to a better understanding and can therefore support the control of the pandemic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines10030411
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  8. Article: Merkmale der COVID-19-Pandemie und der Folgen für die öffentliche Gesundheit./ Characteristics of COVID-19 pandemic and public health consequences

    Stang, Andreas / Standl, Fabian / Jöckel, Karl-Heinz

    Herz

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #116344
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article ; Online: COVID-19 and the need of targeted inverse quarantine

    Standl, Fabian / Jöckel, Karl-Heinz / Stang, Andreas

    European Journal of Epidemiology

    2020  Volume 35, Issue 4, Page(s) 339–340

    Keywords Epidemiology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 632614-6
    ISSN 1573-7284 ; 0393-2990
    ISSN (online) 1573-7284
    ISSN 0393-2990
    DOI 10.1007/s10654-020-00629-0
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Characteristics of COVID-19 pandemic and public health consequences

    Stang, Andreas / Standl, Fabian / Jöckel, Karl-Heinz

    Herz

    2020  Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) 313–315

    Keywords Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 8262-4
    ISSN 1615-6692 ; 0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
    ISSN (online) 1615-6692
    ISSN 0340-9937 ; 0946-1299
    DOI 10.1007/s00059-020-04932-0
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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    Zs.MO 426: Show issues

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