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Article ; Online: Endocrine activity of dysfunctional adipose tissue: Cardiovascular risk and progression markers.

Eiras, Sonia / González-Juanatey, José R

2024 Volume 401, Page(s) 131816

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism ; Risk Factors ; Obesity ; Adiposity ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	779519-1
ISSN	1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
ISSN (online)	1874-1754
ISSN	0167-5273
DOI	10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131816
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Article ; Online: Accumulation of Inflammatory Mediators in the Normal Pericardial Fluid.

El-Diasty, Mohammad M / Rodríguez, Javier / Pérez, Luis / Eiras, Sonia / Fernández, Angel L

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 25, Issue 1

Abstract: There is paucity of studies that focus on the composition of pericardial fluid under resting conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of inflammatory mediators in pericardial fluid and their correlation with plasma levels in ... ...

Abstract	There is paucity of studies that focus on the composition of pericardial fluid under resting conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of inflammatory mediators in pericardial fluid and their correlation with plasma levels in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. We conducted a prospective cohort study on candidates for elective aortic valve replacement surgery. Pericardial fluid and peripheral venous blood samples were collected after opening the pericardium. Levels of interleukin 1α (IL-1α); interleukin 1β (IL-1β); interleukin 2 (IL-2) interleukin 4 (IL-4); interleukin 6 (IL-6); interleukin 8 (IL8); interleukin 10 (IL10); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) epidermal growth factor (EGF), soluble E-selectin, L-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were determined in both pericardial fluid and serum samples. A total of 45 patients with a mean age of 74 years were included of which 66% were males. Serum levels of all study mediators were within normal limits. Serum and pericardial levels of IL-1 α, IL-1 β, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 were similar. Levels of VEGF, EGF, VCAM-2, ICAM 1, E-selectin, P-selectin, and L-selectin were significantly lower in pericardial fluid than in serum. However, levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, MCP-1, and MCP-1 were significantly higher in the pericardial fluid than in serum. Under normal conditions, the pattern of distribution of different inflammatory mediators in the pericardial fluid does not reflect serum levels. This may either reflect the condition of the underlying myocardium and epicardial fat or the activity of the mesothelial and mononuclear cells present in pericardial fluid.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Aged ; Female ; Pericardial Fluid ; Interleukin-2 ; P-Selectin ; Interleukin-4 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Interleukin-6 ; Prospective Studies ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Pericardium
Chemical Substances	Interleukin-2 ; P-Selectin ; Interleukin-4 (207137-56-2) ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Epidermal Growth Factor (62229-50-9) ; Interleukin-6 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25010157
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Article ; Online: Diabesity in Elderly Cardiovascular Disease Patients: Mechanisms and Regulators.

García-Vega, David / González-Juanatey, José Ramón / Eiras, Sonia

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 14

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world. In 2019, 550 million people were suffering from CVD and 18 million of them died as a result. Most of them had associated risk factors such as high fasting glucose, which caused 134 ... ...

Abstract	Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world. In 2019, 550 million people were suffering from CVD and 18 million of them died as a result. Most of them had associated risk factors such as high fasting glucose, which caused 134 million deaths, and obesity, which accounted for 5.02 million deaths. Diabesity, a combination of type 2 diabetes and obesity, contributes to cardiac, metabolic, inflammation and neurohumoral changes that determine cardiac dysfunction (diabesity-related cardiomyopathy). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is distributed around the myocardium, promoting myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure, particularly with preserved systolic function, atrial fibrillation and coronary atherosclerosis. In fact, several hypoglycaemic drugs have demonstrated a volume reduction of EAT and effects on its metabolic and inflammation profile. However, it is necessary to improve knowledge of the diabesity pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases for comprehensive patient management including drugs to optimize glucometabolic control. This review presents the mechanisms of diabesity associated with cardiovascular disease and their therapeutic implications.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Pericardium/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23147886
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Article ; Online: Accumulation of Inflammatory Mediators in the Normal Pericardial Fluid

Mohammad M. El-Diasty / Javier Rodríguez / Luis Pérez / Sonia Eiras / Angel L. Fernández

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 1, p

2023 Volume 157

Abstract	There is paucity of studies that focus on the composition of pericardial fluid under resting conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of inflammatory mediators in pericardial fluid and their correlation with plasma levels in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. We conducted a prospective cohort study on candidates for elective aortic valve replacement surgery. Pericardial fluid and peripheral venous blood samples were collected after opening the pericardium. Levels of interleukin 1α (IL-1α); interleukin 1β (IL-1β); interleukin 2 (IL-2) interleukin 4 (IL-4); interleukin 6 (IL-6); interleukin 8 (IL8); interleukin 10 (IL10); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) epidermal growth factor (EGF), soluble E-selectin, L-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were determined in both pericardial fluid and serum samples. A total of 45 patients with a mean age of 74 years were included of which 66% were males. Serum levels of all study mediators were within normal limits. Serum and pericardial levels of IL-1 α, IL-1 β, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 were similar. Levels of VEGF, EGF, VCAM-2, ICAM 1, E-selectin, P-selectin, and L-selectin were significantly lower in pericardial fluid than in serum. However, levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, MCP-1, and MCP-1 were significantly higher in the pericardial fluid than in serum. Under normal conditions, the pattern of distribution of different inflammatory mediators in the pericardial fluid does not reflect serum levels. This may either reflect the condition of the underlying myocardium and epicardial fat or the activity of the mesothelial and mononuclear cells present in pericardial fluid.
Keywords	cytokines ; inflammation ; interleukins ; interleukin 1α (IL-1α) ; interleukin 1β (IL-1β) ; interleukin 2 (IL-2) interleukin 4 (IL-4) ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: COVID-19 y tratamiento guiado con tests de diagnóstico bioquímicos y moleculares para reducir el daño cardiaco y la cardiotoxicidad.

Eiras, Sonia / Álvarez, Ezequiel / Brión, María / González-Juanatey, José Ramón

Revista espanola de cardiologia

2020 Volume 73, Issue 8, Page(s) 691–693

Title translation	COVID-19 and treatment guided by biochemical and molecular diagnostic tests to reduce myocardial damage and cardiotoxicity.
Keywords	covid19
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2020-05-04
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128925-1
ISSN	1579-2242 ; 0300-8932
ISSN (online)	1579-2242
ISSN	0300-8932
DOI	10.1016/j.recesp.2020.04.025
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Article ; Online: COVID-19 and treatment guided by biochemical and molecular diagnostic tests to reduce myocardial damage and cardiotoxicity.

Eiras, Sonia / Álvarez, Ezequiel / Brión, María / González-Juanatey, José Ramón

Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.)

2020 Volume 73, Issue 8, Page(s) 691–693

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Testing ; Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis ; Cardiomyopathies/etiology ; Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control ; Cardiotoxicity/diagnosis ; Cardiotoxicity/etiology ; Cardiotoxicity/prevention & control ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Humans ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis/diagnosis ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Thrombosis/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Keywords	covid19
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2020-05-23
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2592481-3
ISSN	1885-5857 ; 1885-5857
ISSN (online)	1885-5857
ISSN	1885-5857
DOI	10.1016/j.rec.2020.05.009
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Article: Clinical Profiling and Biomarkers for Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation Prediction in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.

Iglesias-Álvarez, Diego / Fu, Xiaoran / Martínez-Cereijo, José Manuel / Agra-Bermejo, Rosa María / Veiras-Del Río, Sonia / Selas-Cobos, Salomé / Rial-Munin, María Victoria / Eiras-Mariño, María / Martínez-Salgado, Adrián / Taboada-Muñiz, Manuel / Reija-López, Laura / Souaf, Souhayla / García-Carro, Javier / Fernández-González, Ángel Luis / Adrio-Nazar, Belén / González-Juanatey, José Ramón / Eiras, Sonia / Rodríguez-Mañero, Moisés

Journal of clinical medicine

2023 Volume 12, Issue 10

Abstract: Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common arrhythmia in the post-operative period after cardiac surgery. We aim to investigate the main clinical, local, and/or peripheral biochemical and molecular predictors for POAF in patients ... ...

Abstract	Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common arrhythmia in the post-operative period after cardiac surgery. We aim to investigate the main clinical, local, and/or peripheral biochemical and molecular predictors for POAF in patients undergoing coronary and/or valve surgery. Between August 2020 and September 2022, consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery without previous history of AF were studied. Clinical variables, plasma, and biological tissues (epicardial and subcutaneous fat) were obtained before surgery. Pre-operative markers associated with inflammation, adiposity, atrial stretch, and fibrosis were analyzed on peripheral and local samples with multiplex assay and real-time PCR. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed in order to identify the main predictors for POAF. Patients were followed-up until hospital discharge. Out of 123 consecutive patients without prior AF, 43 (34.9%) developed POAF during hospitalization. The main predictors were cardiopulmonary bypass time (odds ratio (OR) 1.008 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.002-1.013),
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12103565
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Article ; Online: Body composition in acute heart failure patients: Relationship with gender and left ventricular ejection fraction.

Agra-Bermejo, Rosa / Eiras, Sonia / Varela-Román, Alfonso

Medicina clinica

2018 Volume 151, Issue 7, Page(s) 291–292

MeSH term(s)	Acute Disease ; Body Composition ; Female ; Heart Failure/physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Stroke Volume ; Ventricular Function, Left
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2018-02-03
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Letter ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	411607-0
ISSN	1578-8989 ; 0025-7753
ISSN (online)	1578-8989
ISSN	0025-7753
DOI	10.1016/j.medcli.2017.12.002
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Article ; Online: Myocardium Metabolism in Physiological and Pathophysiological States: Implications of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Potential Therapeutic Targets.

Gandoy-Fieiras, Nerea / Gonzalez-Juanatey, Jose Ramon / Eiras, Sonia

International journal of molecular sciences

2020 Volume 21, Issue 7

Abstract: The main energy substrate of adult cardiomyocytes for their contractility are the fatty acids. Its metabolism generates high ATP levels at the expense of high oxygen consumption in the mitochondria. Under low oxygen supply, they can get energy from other ...

Abstract	The main energy substrate of adult cardiomyocytes for their contractility are the fatty acids. Its metabolism generates high ATP levels at the expense of high oxygen consumption in the mitochondria. Under low oxygen supply, they can get energy from other substrates, mainly glucose, lactate, ketone bodies, etc., but the mitochondrial dysfunction, in pathological conditions, reduces the oxidative metabolism. In consequence, fatty acids are stored into epicardial fat and its accumulation provokes inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress, which enhance the myocardium dysfunction. Some therapies focused on improvement the fatty acids entry into mitochondria have failed to demonstrate benefits on cardiovascular disorders. Oppositely, those therapies with effects on epicardial fat volume and inflammation might improve the oxidative metabolism of myocardium and might reduce the cardiovascular disease progression. This review aims at explain (a) the energy substrate adaptation of myocardium in physiological conditions, (b) the reduction of oxidative metabolism in pathological conditions and consequences on epicardial fat accumulation and insulin resistance, and (c) the reduction of cardiovascular outcomes after regulation by some therapies.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Disease Management ; Disease Susceptibility ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Energy Metabolism/drug effects ; Heart/drug effects ; Heart/physiology ; Heart Diseases/drug therapy ; Heart Diseases/etiology ; Heart Diseases/metabolism ; Heart Diseases/physiopathology ; Hormones/metabolism ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Hormones/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Pericardium/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms21072641
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Article ; Online: Updates on epicardial adipose tissue mechanisms on atrial fibrillation.

Couselo-Seijas, Marinela / Rodríguez-Mañero, Moisés / González-Juanatey, José R / Eiras, Sonia

Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity

2021 Volume 22, Issue 9, Page(s) e13277

Abstract: Obesity is a well-known risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Local epi-myocardial or intra-myocardial adiposity caused by aging, obesity, or cardiovascular disease (CVD) is considered to be a better predictor of the risk of AF than general adiposity. ...

Abstract	Obesity is a well-known risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Local epi-myocardial or intra-myocardial adiposity caused by aging, obesity, or cardiovascular disease (CVD) is considered to be a better predictor of the risk of AF than general adiposity. Some of the described mechanisms suggest that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) participates in structural remodeling owing to its endocrine activity or its infiltration between cardiomyocytes. Epicardial fat also wraps up the ganglionated plexi that reach the myocardium. Although the increment of volume/thickness and activity of EAT might modify autonomic activity, autonomic system dysfunction might also change the endocrine activity of epicardial fat in a feedback response. As a result, new preventive therapeutic strategies are focused on reducing adiposity and weight loss before AF ablation or inhibiting autonomic neurotransmitter secretion on fat pads during open-heart surgery to reduce the recurrence or postoperative risk of AF. In this manuscript, we review some of the novel findings regarding the pathophysiology and associated risk factors of AF, with special emphasis on the role of EAT in the electrical, structural, and molecular mechanisms of AF initiation and maintenance. In addition, we have included a brief note provided on epicardial fat preclinical models that could be useful for identifying new therapeutic targets.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue ; Adiposity ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Humans ; Obesity ; Pericardium
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2147980-X
ISSN	1467-789X ; 1467-7881
ISSN (online)	1467-789X
ISSN	1467-7881
DOI	10.1111/obr.13277
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