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  1. Article ; Online: Evaluating the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-based tools in detecting and understanding sleep health misinformation: Comparative analysis using Google Bard and OpenAI ChatGPT-4.

    Garbarino, Sergio / Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi

    Journal of sleep research

    2024  , Page(s) e14210

    Abstract: This study evaluates the performance of two major artificial intelligence-based tools (ChatGPT-4 and Google Bard) in debunking sleep-related myths. More in detail, the present research assessed 20 sleep misconceptions using a 5-point Likert scale for ... ...

    Abstract This study evaluates the performance of two major artificial intelligence-based tools (ChatGPT-4 and Google Bard) in debunking sleep-related myths. More in detail, the present research assessed 20 sleep misconceptions using a 5-point Likert scale for falseness and public health significance, comparing responses of artificial intelligence tools with expert opinions. The results indicated that Google Bard correctly identified 19 out of 20 statements as false (95.0% accuracy), not differing from ChatGPT-4 (85.0% accuracy, Fisher's exact test p = 0.615). Google Bard's ratings of the falseness of the sleep misconceptions averaged 4.25 ± 0.70, showing a moderately negative skewness (-0.42) and kurtosis (-0.83), and suggesting a distribution with fewer extreme values compared with ChatGPT-4. In assessing public health significance, Google Bard's mean score was 2.4 ± 0.80, with skewness and kurtosis of 0.36 and -0.07, respectively, indicating a more normal distribution compared with ChatGPT-4. The inter-rater agreement between Google Bard and sleep experts had an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.58 for falseness and 0.69 for public health significance, showing moderate alignment (p = 0.065 and p = 0.014, respectively). Text-mining analysis revealed Google Bard's focus on practical advice, while ChatGPT-4 concentrated on theoretical aspects of sleep. The readability analysis suggested Google Bard's responses were more accessible, aligning with 8th-grade level material, versus ChatGPT-4's 12th-grade level complexity. The study demonstrates the potential of artificial intelligence in public health education, especially in sleep health, and underscores the importance of accurate, reliable artificial intelligence-generated information, calling for further collaboration between artificial intelligence developers, sleep health professionals and educators to enhance the effectiveness of sleep health promotion.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1122722-9
    ISSN 1365-2869 ; 0962-1105
    ISSN (online) 1365-2869
    ISSN 0962-1105
    DOI 10.1111/jsr.14210
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Assessing the Accuracy of Generative Conversational Artificial Intelligence in Debunking Sleep Health Myths: Mixed Methods Comparative Study With Expert Analysis.

    Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi / Garbarino, Sergio

    JMIR formative research

    2024  Volume 8, Page(s) e55762

    Abstract: Background: Adequate sleep is essential for maintaining individual and public health, positively affecting cognition and well-being, and reducing chronic disease risks. It plays a significant role in driving the economy, public safety, and managing ... ...

    Abstract Background: Adequate sleep is essential for maintaining individual and public health, positively affecting cognition and well-being, and reducing chronic disease risks. It plays a significant role in driving the economy, public safety, and managing health care costs. Digital tools, including websites, sleep trackers, and apps, are key in promoting sleep health education. Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) such as ChatGPT (OpenAI, Microsoft Corp) offers accessible, personalized advice on sleep health but raises concerns about potential misinformation. This underscores the importance of ensuring that AI-driven sleep health information is accurate, given its significant impact on individual and public health, and the spread of sleep-related myths.
    Objective: This study aims to examine ChatGPT's capability to debunk sleep-related disbeliefs.
    Methods: A mixed methods design was leveraged. ChatGPT categorized 20 sleep-related myths identified by 10 sleep experts and rated them in terms of falseness and public health significance, on a 5-point Likert scale. Sensitivity, positive predictive value, and interrater agreement were also calculated. A qualitative comparative analysis was also conducted.
    Results: ChatGPT labeled a significant portion (n=17, 85%) of the statements as "false" (n=9, 45%) or "generally false" (n=8, 40%), with varying accuracy across different domains. For instance, it correctly identified most myths about "sleep timing," "sleep duration," and "behaviors during sleep," while it had varying degrees of success with other categories such as "pre-sleep behaviors" and "brain function and sleep." ChatGPT's assessment of the degree of falseness and public health significance, on the 5-point Likert scale, revealed an average score of 3.45 (SD 0.87) and 3.15 (SD 0.99), respectively, indicating a good level of accuracy in identifying the falseness of statements and a good understanding of their impact on public health. The AI-based tool showed a sensitivity of 85% and a positive predictive value of 100%. Overall, this indicates that when ChatGPT labels a statement as false, it is highly reliable, but it may miss identifying some false statements. When comparing with expert ratings, high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between ChatGPT's appraisals and expert opinions could be found, suggesting that the AI's ratings were generally aligned with expert views on falseness (ICC=.83, P<.001) and public health significance (ICC=.79, P=.001) of sleep-related myths. Qualitatively, both ChatGPT and sleep experts refuted sleep-related misconceptions. However, ChatGPT adopted a more accessible style and provided a more generalized view, focusing on broad concepts, while experts sometimes used technical jargon, providing evidence-based explanations.
    Conclusions: ChatGPT-4 can accurately address sleep-related queries and debunk sleep-related myths, with a performance comparable to sleep experts, even if, given its limitations, the AI cannot completely replace expert opinions, especially in nuanced and complex fields such as sleep health, but can be a valuable complement in the dissemination of updated information and promotion of healthy behaviors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2561-326X
    ISSN (online) 2561-326X
    DOI 10.2196/55762
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The COVID-19 Pandemic Seen from a Syndemic Perspective: The LGBTQIA2SP+ Community.

    Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi

    Infectious disease reports

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 865–871

    Abstract: An adverse condition or a disease can (either directly or indirectly) interact in a synergistic fashion with other adverse conditions or diseases/maladies, and co-cluster together with them: this fundamental observation is at the basis of the term " ... ...

    Abstract An adverse condition or a disease can (either directly or indirectly) interact in a synergistic fashion with other adverse conditions or diseases/maladies, and co-cluster together with them: this fundamental observation is at the basis of the term "syndemic" (a portmanteau for "synergistic epidemic") [...].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2036-7430
    ISSN 2036-7430
    DOI 10.3390/idr13040078
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Could the Historical Transition from Segmented to Monophasic Sleep Explain the Modern Insurgence of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias?

    Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi / Boulares, Ayoub / Garbarino, Sergio

    Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

    2024  Volume 98, Issue 4, Page(s) 1283–1286

    Abstract: In their article, Finch and Burstein explore the hypothesis that Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) may predominantly be phenomena of the modern era. Through a review of classical Greek and Latin literature, they found minimal reference to ... ...

    Abstract In their article, Finch and Burstein explore the hypothesis that Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) may predominantly be phenomena of the modern era. Through a review of classical Greek and Latin literature, they found minimal reference to conditions akin to ADRD, suggesting a historical rarity of severe cognitive decline. Instead, ancient texts focused on physical aspects of aging, with cognitive changes, when noted, not resembling modern-day dementia. Finch and Burstein further extend their analysis by drawing parallels with the Tsimane people of Bolivia, known for their low prevalence of dementia and cardiovascular diseases, attributed to lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity. By comparing historical sleep patterns transitioning from segmented to monophasic sleep with those of the Tsimane community, we enriched Finch and Burstein's research, highlighting the need to take into account a range of diverse factors, including sleep, in understanding the etiopathogenesis of ADRD in today's society.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Sleep ; Life Style
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1440127-7
    ISSN 1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
    ISSN (online) 1875-8908
    ISSN 1387-2877
    DOI 10.3233/JAD-240154
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Economic microbiology: exploring microbes as agents in economic systems.

    Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi / Woldegerima, Woldegebriel Assefa / Siri, Anna

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1305148

    Abstract: Microbial communities exhibit striking parallels with economic markets, resembling intricate ecosystems where microorganisms engage in resource exchange akin to human market transactions. This dynamic network of resource swapping mirrors economic trade ... ...

    Abstract Microbial communities exhibit striking parallels with economic markets, resembling intricate ecosystems where microorganisms engage in resource exchange akin to human market transactions. This dynamic network of resource swapping mirrors economic trade in human markets, with microbes specializing in metabolic functions much like businesses specializing in goods and services. Cooperation and competition are central dynamics in microbial communities, with alliances forming for mutual benefit and species vying for dominance, similar to businesses seeking market share. The human microbiome, comprising trillions of microorganisms within and on our bodies, is not only a marker of socioeconomic status but also a critical factor contributing to persistent health inequalities. Social and economic factors shape the composition of the gut microbiota, impacting healthcare access and quality of life. Moreover, these microbes exert indirect influence over human decisions by affecting neurotransmitter production, influencing mood, behavior, and choices related to diet and emotions. Human activities significantly impact microbial communities, from dietary choices and antibiotic use to environmental changes, disrupting these ecosystems. Beyond their natural roles, humans harness microbial communities for various applications, manipulating their interactions and resource exchanges to achieve specific goals in fields like medicine, agriculture, and environmental science. In conclusion, the concept of microbial communities as biological markets offers valuable insights into their intricate functioning and adaptability. It underscores the profound interplay between microbial ecosystems and human health and behavior, with far-reaching implications for multiple disciplines. To paraphrase Alfred Marshall, "the Mecca of the economist lies in economic microbiology."
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1305148
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Digital Technologies-Enabled Smart Manufacturing and Industry 4.0 in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Lessons Learnt from a Pandemic.

    Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 13

    Abstract: The "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2" (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the infectious agent responsible for the generally mild but sometimes life-threatening communicable disease known as "Coronavirus Disease 2019" (COVID-19) [ ... ] ...

    Abstract The "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2" (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the infectious agent responsible for the generally mild but sometimes life-threatening communicable disease known as "Coronavirus Disease 2019" (COVID-19) [...].
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph17134785
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The COVID-19 Pandemic Seen from a Syndemic Perspective

    Nicola Luigi Bragazzi

    Infectious Disease Reports, Vol 13, Iss 78, Pp 865-

    The LGBTQIA2SP+ Community

    2021  Volume 871

    Abstract: An adverse condition or a disease can (either directly or indirectly) interact in a synergistic fashion with other adverse conditions or diseases/maladies, and co-cluster together with them: this fundamental observation is at the basis of the term “ ... ...

    Abstract An adverse condition or a disease can (either directly or indirectly) interact in a synergistic fashion with other adverse conditions or diseases/maladies, and co-cluster together with them: this fundamental observation is at the basis of the term “syndemic” (a portmanteau for “synergistic epidemic”) [.]
    Keywords n/a ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Nanomedicine: Insights from a Bibliometrics-Based Analysis of Emerging Publishing and Research Trends.

    Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi

    Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

    2019  Volume 55, Issue 12

    Abstract: Background and Objectives: ...

    Abstract Background and Objectives:
    MeSH term(s) Bibliometrics ; Humans ; Information Management ; MEDLINE ; Nanomedicine/trends ; Periodicals as Topic/trends ; Publishing/trends ; Research/trends
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2188113-3
    ISSN 1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
    ISSN (online) 1648-9144
    ISSN 1010-660X
    DOI 10.3390/medicina55120785
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Declaration of conflict of interest for reviewers in time of COVID-19 should be mandatory.

    Chirico, Francesco / Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi

    Perspectives in clinical research

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 60–61

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-19
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2593231-7
    ISSN 2229-5488 ; 2229-3485
    ISSN (online) 2229-5488
    ISSN 2229-3485
    DOI 10.4103/picr.PICR_363_20
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  10. Article ; Online: Pharmacists as Immunizers: The Role of Pharmacies in Promoting Immunization Campaigns and Counteracting Vaccine Hesitancy.

    Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi

    Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)

    2019  Volume 7, Issue 4

    Abstract: Vaccines represent fundamental public health interventions aimed to counteract or, at least, partially mitigate the severe epidemiological and economic burden generated by communicable disorders, in terms of (i) outcome-related, (ii) behavior-related ... ...

    Abstract Vaccines represent fundamental public health interventions aimed to counteract or, at least, partially mitigate the severe epidemiological and economic burden generated by communicable disorders, in terms of (i) outcome-related, (ii) behavior-related productivity gains, and (iii) community externalities in developed settings as well as in developing countries. Despite their importance, several parents choose not to immunize their children due to the rising phenomenon of anti-vaccination movements that divulge vaccine-related "fake news" and "post-modern, post-factual truths". Vaccine hesitancy represents a threat that can seriously jeopardize the implementation and success of vaccination campaigns. Within this framework, from a public health perspective, community pharmacies can play a vital role in that pharmacists can: (i) act as immunizers (vaccine distributors, educators, facilitators and administrators), (ii) improve vaccine-related health literacy and vaccination coverage rates as well as (iii) remove barriers and obstacles to the access to healthcare settings offering immunization services and (iv) counteract vaccine hesitancy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2737194-3
    ISSN 2226-4787 ; 2226-4787
    ISSN (online) 2226-4787
    ISSN 2226-4787
    DOI 10.3390/pharmacy7040166
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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