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Book ; Online ; E-Book: Balancing greenhouse gas budgets

Poulter, Benjamin

accounting for natural and anthropogenic flows of CO2 and other trace gases

2022

Abstract: Balancing Greenhouse Gas Budgets: Accounting for Natural and Anthropogenic Flows of CO2 and other Trace Gases provides a synthesis of greenhouse gas budgeting activities across the world. Organized in four sections, including background, methods, case ... ...

Author's details	edited by Benjamin Poulter [and three others]
Abstract	"Balancing Greenhouse Gas Budgets: Accounting for Natural and Anthropogenic Flows of CO2 and other Trace Gases provides a synthesis of greenhouse gas budgeting activities across the world. Organized in four sections, including background, methods, case studies and opportunities, it is an interdisciplinary book covering both science and policy. All environments are covered, from terrestrial to ocean, along with atmospheric processes using models, inventories and observations to give a complete overview of greenhouse gas accounting. Perspectives presented give readers the tools necessary to understand budget activities, think critically, and use the framework to carry out initiatives. Written by a combination of experts across career stages, presenting an integrated perspective for graduate students and professionals alike. Includes sections authored by those involved in both early and later IPCC assessments. Provides an interdisciplinary resource that spans many topics and methodologies in oceanic, land and atmospheric processes"--
Keywords	Environmental policy/Economic aspects ; Greenhouse gases/Environmental aspects
Subject code	363.73874
Language	English
Size	1 online resource (532 pages)
Publisher	Elsevier
Publishing place	Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Oxford, England ; Cambridge, Massachusetts
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
ISBN	0-12-814953-1 ; 9780128149522 ; 978-0-12-814953-9 ; 0128149523
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book ; Online: Ecosystem age-class dynamics and distribution in the LPJ-wsl v2.0 global ecosystem model

Calle, Leonardo / Poulter, Benjamin

eISSN: 1991-9603

2021

Abstract: Forest ecosystem processes follow classic responses with age, peaking production around canopy closure and declining thereafter. Although age dynamics might be more dominant in certain regions over others, demographic effects on net primary production ( ... ...

Abstract	Forest ecosystem processes follow classic responses with age, peaking production around canopy closure and declining thereafter. Although age dynamics might be more dominant in certain regions over others, demographic effects on net primary production (NPP) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) are bound to exist. Yet, explicit representation of ecosystem demography is notably absent in many global ecosystem models. This is concerning because the global community relies on these models to regularly update our collective understanding of the global carbon cycle. This paper aims to present the technical developments of a computationally efficient approach for representing age-class dynamics within a global ecosystem model, the Lund–Potsdam–Jena – Wald, Schnee, Landschaft version 2.0 (LPJ-wsl v2.0) dynamic global vegetation model and to determine if explicit representation of demography influenced ecosystem stocks and fluxes at global scales or at the level of a grid cell. The modeled age classes are initially created by simulated fire and prescribed wood harvesting or abandonment of managed land, otherwise aging naturally until an additional disturbance is simulated or prescribed. In this paper, we show that the age module can capture classic demographic patterns in stem density and tree height compared to inventory data, and that simulated patterns of ecosystem function follow classic responses with age. We also present two scientific applications of the model to assess the modeled age-class distribution over time and to determine the demographic effect on ecosystem fluxes relative to climate. Simulations show that, between 1860 and 2016, zonal age distribution on Earth was driven predominately by fire, causing a 45- to 60-year difference in ages between older boreal (50–90 ∘ N) and younger tropical (23 ∘ S–23 ∘ N) ecosystems. Between simulation years 1860 and 2016, land-use change and land management were responsible for a decrease in zonal age by −6 years in boreal and by −21 years in both temperate (23–50 ∘ N) and tropical latitudes, with the anthropogenic effect on zonal age distribution increasing over time. A statistical model helped to reduce LPJ-wsl v2.0 complexity by predicting per-grid-cell annual NPP and Rh fluxes by three terms: precipitation, temperature, and age class; at global scales, R 2 was between 0.95 and 0.98. As determined by the statistical model, the demographic effect on ecosystem function was often less than 0.10 kg C m −2 yr −1 but as high as 0.60 kg C m −2 yr −1 where the effect was greatest. In the eastern forests of North America, the simulated demographic effect was of similar magnitude, or greater than, the effects of climate; simulated demographic effects were similarly important in large regions of every vegetated continent. Simulated spatial datasets are provided for global ecosystem ages and the estimated coefficients for effects of precipitation, temperature and demography on ecosystem function. The discussion focuses on our finding of an increasing role of demography in the global carbon cycle, the effect of demography on relaxation times (resilience) following a disturbance event and its implications at global scales, and a finding of a 40 Pg C increase in biomass turnover when including age dynamics at global scales. Whereas time is the only mechanism that increases ecosystem age, any additional disturbance not explicitly modeled will decrease age. The LPJ-wsl v2.0 age module represents another step forward towards understanding the role of demography in global ecosystems.
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-10
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Recent increases in annual, seasonal, and extreme methane fluxes driven by changes in climate and vegetation in boreal and temperate wetland ecosystems.

Feron, Sarah / Malhotra, Avni / Bansal, Sheel / Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne / McNicol, Gavin / Knox, Sara H / Delwiche, Kyle B / Cordero, Raul R / Ouyang, Zutao / Zhang, Zhen / Poulter, Benjamin / Jackson, Robert B

Global change biology

2024 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) e17131

Abstract: Climate warming is expected to increase global methane ( ... ...

Abstract	Climate warming is expected to increase global methane (CH
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Wetlands ; Seasons ; Methane ; Carbon Dioxide
Chemical Substances	Methane (OP0UW79H66) ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.17131
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A multi-satellite framework to rapidly evaluate extreme biosphere cascades: The Western US 2021 drought and heatwave.

Feldman, Andrew F / Zhang, Zhen / Yoshida, Yasuko / Gentine, Pierre / Chatterjee, Abhishek / Entekhabi, Dara / Joiner, Joanna / Poulter, Benjamin

Global change biology

2023 Volume 29, Issue 13, Page(s) 3634–3651

Abstract: The increasing frequency and intensity of climate extremes and complex ecosystem responses motivate the need for integrated observational studies at low latency to determine biosphere responses and carbon-climate feedbacks. Here, we develop a satellite- ... ...

Abstract	The increasing frequency and intensity of climate extremes and complex ecosystem responses motivate the need for integrated observational studies at low latency to determine biosphere responses and carbon-climate feedbacks. Here, we develop a satellite-based rapid attribution workflow and demonstrate its use at a 1-2-month latency to attribute drivers of the carbon cycle feedbacks during the 2020-2021 Western US drought and heatwave. In the first half of 2021, concurrent negative photosynthesis anomalies and large positive column CO
MeSH term(s)	Ecosystem ; Droughts ; Atmosphere ; Carbon Cycle ; Soil ; Plants ; Carbon ; Climate Change
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.16725
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Integrated Quantum-Classical Protocol for the Realistic Description of Solvated Multinuclear Mixed-Valence Transition-Metal Complexes and Their Solvatochromic Properties.

Prampolini, Giacomo / Andersen, Amity / Poulter, Benjamin I / Khalil, Munira / Govind, Niranjan / Biasin, Elisa / Pastore, Mariachiara

Journal of chemical theory and computation

2023 Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 1306–1323

Abstract: Linear cyanide-bridged polymetallic complexes, which undergo photoinduced metal-to-metal charge transfer, represent prototypical systems for studying long-range electron-transfer reactions and understanding the role played by specific solute-solvent ... ...

Abstract	Linear cyanide-bridged polymetallic complexes, which undergo photoinduced metal-to-metal charge transfer, represent prototypical systems for studying long-range electron-transfer reactions and understanding the role played by specific solute-solvent interactions in modulating the excited-state dynamics. To tackle this problem, while achieving a statistically meaningful description of the solvent and of its relaxation, one needs a computational approach capable of handling large polynuclear transition-metal complexes, both in their ground and excited states, as well as the ability to follow their dynamics in several environments up to nanosecond time scales. Here, we present a mixed quantum classical approach, which combines large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on an accurate quantum mechanically derived force field (QMD-FF) and self-consistent QMD polarized point charges, with IR and UV-vis spectral calculations to model the solvation dynamics and optical properties of a cyano-bridged trinuclear mixed-valence compound (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1549-9626
ISSN (online)	1549-9626
DOI	10.1021/acs.jctc.3c01084
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: COVID-19 lockdowns drive decline in active fires in southeastern United States.

Poulter, Benjamin / Freeborn, Patrick H / Jolly, W Matt / Varner, J Morgan

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2021 Volume 118, Issue 43

Abstract: Fire is a common ecosystem process in forests and grasslands worldwide. Increasingly, ignitions are controlled by human activities either through suppression of wildfires or intentional ignition of prescribed fires. The southeastern United States leads ... ...

Abstract	Fire is a common ecosystem process in forests and grasslands worldwide. Increasingly, ignitions are controlled by human activities either through suppression of wildfires or intentional ignition of prescribed fires. The southeastern United States leads the nation in prescribed fire, burning ca. 80% of the country's extent annually. The COVID-19 pandemic radically changed human behavior as workplaces implemented social-distancing guidelines and provided an opportunity to evaluate relationships between humans and fire as fire management plans were postponed or cancelled. Using active fire data from satellite-based observations, we found that in the southeastern United States, COVID-19 led to a 21% reduction in fire activity compared to the 2003 to 2019 average. The reduction was more pronounced for federally managed lands, up to 41% below average compared to the past 20 y (38% below average compared to the past decade). Declines in fire activity were partly affected by an unusually wet February before the COVID-19 shutdown began in mid-March 2020. Despite the wet spring, the predicted number of active fire detections was still lower than expected, confirming a COVID-19 signal on ignitions. In addition, prescribed fire management statistics reported by US federal agencies confirmed the satellite observations and showed that, following the wet February and before the mid-March COVID-19 shutdown, cumulative burned area was approaching record highs across the region. With fire return intervals in the southeastern United States as frequent as 1 to 2 y, COVID-19 fire impacts will contribute to an increasing backlog in necessary fire management activities, affecting biodiversity and future fire danger.
MeSH term(s)	Biodiversity ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Droughts/statistics & numerical data ; Ecosystem ; Forests ; Human Activities ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Physical Distancing ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Southeastern United States/epidemiology ; Weather ; Wildfires/prevention & control ; Wildfires/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2105666118
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Article ; Online: Publisher Correction: Remotely sensing potential climate change tipping points across scales.

Lenton, Timothy M / Abrams, Jesse F / Bartsch, Annett / Bathiany, Sebastian / Boulton, Chris A / Buxton, Joshua E / Conversi, Alessandra / Cunliffe, Andrew M / Hebden, Sophie / Lavergne, Thomas / Poulter, Benjamin / Shepherd, Andrew / Smith, Taylor / Swingedouw, Didier / Winkelmann, Ricarda / Boers, Niklas

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1917

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-024-45881-0
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Article ; Online: Uncovering the 3d and 4d Electronic Interactions in Solvated Ru Complexes with 2p3d Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering.

Poulter, Benjamin I / Biasin, Elisa / Nowak, Stanisław H / Kroll, Thomas / Alonso-Mori, Roberto / Schoenlein, Robert W / Govind, Niranjan / Sokaras, Dimosthenis / Khalil, Munira

Inorganic chemistry

2023 Volume 62, Issue 25, Page(s) 9904–9911

Abstract: The electronic structure and dynamics of ruthenium complexes are widely studied given their use in catalytic and light-harvesting materials. Here we investigate three model Ru complexes, [ ... ...

Abstract	The electronic structure and dynamics of ruthenium complexes are widely studied given their use in catalytic and light-harvesting materials. Here we investigate three model Ru complexes, [Ru
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1484438-2
ISSN	1520-510X ; 0020-1669
ISSN (online)	1520-510X
ISSN	0020-1669
DOI	10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00919
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Article ; Online: Remotely sensing potential climate change tipping points across scales.

Nature communications

2024 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 343

Abstract: Potential climate tipping points pose a growing risk for societies, and policy is calling for improved anticipation of them. Satellite remote sensing can play a unique role in identifying and anticipating tipping phenomena across scales. Where satellite ... ...

Abstract	Potential climate tipping points pose a growing risk for societies, and policy is calling for improved anticipation of them. Satellite remote sensing can play a unique role in identifying and anticipating tipping phenomena across scales. Where satellite records are too short for temporal early warning of tipping points, complementary spatial indicators can leverage the exceptional spatial-temporal coverage of remotely sensed data to detect changing resilience of vulnerable systems. Combining Earth observation with Earth system models can improve process-based understanding of tipping points, their interactions, and potential tipping cascades. Such fine-resolution sensing can support climate tipping point risk management across scales.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-44609-w
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Article ; Online: Effect of Assimilating SMAP Soil Moisture on CO 2 and CH 4 Fluxes through Direct Insertion in a Land Surface Model

Zhen Zhang / Abhishek Chatterjee / Lesley Ott / Rolf Reichle / Andrew F. Feldman / Benjamin Poulter

Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 2405, p

2022 Volume 2405

Abstract: Soil moisture impacts the biosphere–atmosphere exchange of CO 2 and CH 4 and plays an important role in the terrestrial carbon cycle. A better representation of soil moisture would improve coupled carbon–water dynamics in terrestrial ecosystem models and ...

Abstract	Soil moisture impacts the biosphere–atmosphere exchange of CO 2 and CH 4 and plays an important role in the terrestrial carbon cycle. A better representation of soil moisture would improve coupled carbon–water dynamics in terrestrial ecosystem models and could potentially improve model estimates of large-scale carbon fluxes and climate feedbacks. Here, we investigate using soil moisture observations from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite mission to inform simulated carbon fluxes in the global terrestrial ecosystem model LPJ-wsl. Results suggest that the direct insertion of SMAP reduces the bias in simulated soil moisture at in situ measurement sites by 40%, with a greater improvement at temperate sites. A wavelet analysis between the model and measurements from 26 FLUXNET sites suggests that the assimilated run modestly reduces the bias of simulated carbon fluxes for boreal and subtropical sites at 1–2-month time scales. At regional scales, SMAP soil moisture can improve the estimated responses of CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes to extreme events such as the 2018 European drought and the 2019 rainfall event in the Sudd (Southern Sudan) wetlands. The simulated improvements to land–surface carbon fluxes using the direct insertion of SMAP are shown across a variety of timescales, which suggests the potential of SMAP soil moisture in improving the model representation of carbon–water coupling.
Keywords	data assimilation ; land surface model ; methane ; remote sensing ; dynamics global vegetation model ; Science ; Q
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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