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  1. Article ; Online: Comment on: Intermittent Fasting Is Associated With a Decreased Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

    Wu, Kevin Y / Michael, Reinemary / Kalevar, Ananda

    American journal of ophthalmology

    2023  Volume 252, Page(s) 332–333

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Intermittent Fasting ; Macular Degeneration/diagnosis ; Macular Degeneration/etiology ; Macular Degeneration/prevention & control ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80030-2
    ISSN 1879-1891 ; 0002-9394
    ISSN (online) 1879-1891
    ISSN 0002-9394
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.01.031
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Article ; Online: Advances in Sjögren's Syndrome Dry Eye Diagnostics: Biomarkers and Biomolecules beyond Clinical Symptoms.

    Wu, Kevin Y / Serhan, Olivia / Faucher, Anne / Tran, Simon D

    Biomolecules

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1

    Abstract: Sjögren's syndrome dry eye (SSDE) is a subset of Sjögren's syndrome marked by dry eye symptoms that is distinct from non-Sjögren's syndrome dry eye (NSSDE). As SSDE can lead to severe complications, its early detection is imperative. However, the ... ...

    Abstract Sjögren's syndrome dry eye (SSDE) is a subset of Sjögren's syndrome marked by dry eye symptoms that is distinct from non-Sjögren's syndrome dry eye (NSSDE). As SSDE can lead to severe complications, its early detection is imperative. However, the differentiation between SSDE and NSSDE remains challenging due to overlapping clinical manifestations. This review endeavors to give a concise overview of the classification, pathophysiology, clinical features and presentation, ocular and systemic complications, clinical diagnosis, and management of SSDE. Despite advancements, limitations in current diagnostic methods underscore the need for novel diagnostic modalities. Thus, the current review examines various diagnostic biomarkers utilized for SSDE identification, encompassing serum, salivary, and tear analyses. Recent advancements in proteomic research and exosomal biomarkers offer promising diagnostic potential. Through a comprehensive literature review spanning from 2016 to 2023, we highlight molecular insights and advanced diagnostic modalities that have the potential to enhance our understanding and diagnosis of SSDE.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis ; Proteomics ; Dry Eye Syndromes/diagnosis ; Eye ; Biomarkers
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2701262-1
    ISSN 2218-273X ; 2218-273X
    ISSN (online) 2218-273X
    ISSN 2218-273X
    DOI 10.3390/biom14010080
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  3. Article ; Online: Polymers and Biomaterials for Posterior Lamella of the Eyelid and the Lacrimal System.

    Wu, Kevin Y / Fujioka, Jamie K / Goodyear, Emilie / Tran, Simon D

    Polymers

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 3

    Abstract: The application of biopolymers in the reconstruction of the posterior lamella of the eyelid and the lacrimal system marks a significant fusion of biomaterial science with clinical advancements. This review assimilates research spanning 2015 to 2023 to ... ...

    Abstract The application of biopolymers in the reconstruction of the posterior lamella of the eyelid and the lacrimal system marks a significant fusion of biomaterial science with clinical advancements. This review assimilates research spanning 2015 to 2023 to provide a detailed examination of the role of biopolymers in reconstructing the posterior lamella of the eyelid and the lacrimal system. It covers the anatomy and pathophysiology of eyelid structures, the challenges of reconstruction, and the nuances of surgical intervention. This article progresses to evaluate the current gold standards, alternative options, and the desirable properties of biopolymers used in these intricate procedures. It underscores the advancements in the field, from decellularized grafts and acellular matrices to innovative natural and synthetic polymers, and explores their applications in lacrimal gland tissue engineering, including the promise of 3D bioprinting technologies. This review highlights the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration between material scientists and clinicians in enhancing surgical outcomes and patient quality of life, emphasizing that such cooperation is pivotal for translating benchtop research into bedside applications. This collaborative effort is vital for restoring aesthetics and functionality for patients afflicted with disfiguring eyelid diseases, ultimately aiming to bridge the gap between innovative materials and their clinical translation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527146-5
    ISSN 2073-4360 ; 2073-4360
    ISSN (online) 2073-4360
    ISSN 2073-4360
    DOI 10.3390/polym16030352
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  4. Article: The Use of Functional Biomaterials in Aesthetic and Functional Restoration in Orbital Surgery.

    Wu, Kevin Y / Fujioka, Jamie K / Daigle, Patrick / Tran, Simon D

    Journal of functional biomaterials

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 2

    Abstract: The integration of functional biomaterials in oculoplastic and orbital surgery is a pivotal area where material science and clinical practice converge. This review, encompassing primary research from 2015 to 2023, delves into the use of biomaterials in ... ...

    Abstract The integration of functional biomaterials in oculoplastic and orbital surgery is a pivotal area where material science and clinical practice converge. This review, encompassing primary research from 2015 to 2023, delves into the use of biomaterials in two key areas: the reconstruction of orbital floor fractures and the development of implants and prostheses for anophthalmic sockets post-eye removal. The discussion begins with an analysis of orbital floor injuries, including their pathophysiology and treatment modalities. It is noted that titanium mesh remains the gold standard for orbital floor repair due to its effectiveness. The review then examines the array of materials used for orbital implants and prostheses, highlighting the dependence on surgeon preference and experience, as there are currently no definitive guidelines. While recent innovations in biomaterials show promise, the review underscores the need for more clinical data before these new materials can be widely adopted in clinical settings. The review advocates for an interdisciplinary approach in orbital surgery, emphasizing patient-centered care and the potential of biomaterials to significantly enhance patient outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2648525-4
    ISSN 2079-4983
    ISSN 2079-4983
    DOI 10.3390/jfb15020033
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  5. Article ; Online: Towards Precision Ophthalmology: The Role of 3D Printing and Bioprinting in Oculoplastic Surgery, Retinal, Corneal, and Glaucoma Treatment.

    Wu, Kevin Y / Tabari, Adrian / Mazerolle, Éric / Tran, Simon D

    Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 3

    Abstract: In the forefront of ophthalmic innovation, biomimetic 3D printing and bioprinting technologies are redefining patient-specific therapeutic strategies. This critical review systematically evaluates their application spectrum, spanning oculoplastic ... ...

    Abstract In the forefront of ophthalmic innovation, biomimetic 3D printing and bioprinting technologies are redefining patient-specific therapeutic strategies. This critical review systematically evaluates their application spectrum, spanning oculoplastic reconstruction, retinal tissue engineering, corneal transplantation, and targeted glaucoma treatments. It highlights the intricacies of these technologies, including the fundamental principles, advanced materials, and bioinks that facilitate the replication of ocular tissue architecture. The synthesis of primary studies from 2014 to 2023 provides a rigorous analysis of their evolution and current clinical implications. This review is unique in its holistic approach, juxtaposing the scientific underpinnings with clinical realities, thereby delineating the advantages over conventional modalities, and identifying translational barriers. It elucidates persistent knowledge deficits and outlines future research directions. It ultimately accentuates the imperative for multidisciplinary collaboration to enhance the clinical integration of these biotechnologies, culminating in a paradigm shift towards individualized ophthalmic care.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2313-7673
    ISSN (online) 2313-7673
    DOI 10.3390/biomimetics9030145
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  6. Article: Diagnosing and Managing Uveitis Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review.

    Zhang, Huixin / Houadj, Lysa / Wu, Kevin Y / Tran, Simon D

    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 3

    Abstract: This review aims to provide an understanding of the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of uveitis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). In the wake of these molecules being increasingly employed as a treatment against different cancers, ... ...

    Abstract This review aims to provide an understanding of the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of uveitis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). In the wake of these molecules being increasingly employed as a treatment against different cancers, cases of uveitis post-ICI therapy have also been increasingly reported in the literature, warranting an extensive exploration of the clinical presentations, risk factors, and pathophysiological mechanisms of ICI-induced uveitis. This review further provides an understanding of the association between ICIs and uveitis, and assesses the efficacy of current diagnostic tools, underscoring the need for advanced techniques to enable early detection and accurate assessment. Further, it investigates the therapeutic strategies for ICI-related uveitis, weighing the benefits and limitations of existing treatment regimens, and discussing current challenges and emerging therapies in the context of their potential efficacy and side effects. Through an overview of the short-term and long-term outcomes, this article suggests recommendations and emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration between ophthalmologists and oncologists. Finally, the review highlights promising avenues for future research and development in the field, potentially informing transformative approaches in the ocular assessment of patients under immunotherapy and the management of uveitis following ICI therapy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662336-5
    ISSN 2075-4418
    ISSN 2075-4418
    DOI 10.3390/diagnostics14030336
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  7. Article ; Online: Machine learning modeling of RNA structures: methods, challenges and future perspectives.

    Wu, Kevin E / Zou, James Y / Chang, Howard

    Briefings in bioinformatics

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 4

    Abstract: The three-dimensional structure of RNA molecules plays a critical role in a wide range of cellular processes encompassing functions from riboswitches to epigenetic regulation. These RNA structures are incredibly dynamic and can indeed be described aptly ... ...

    Abstract The three-dimensional structure of RNA molecules plays a critical role in a wide range of cellular processes encompassing functions from riboswitches to epigenetic regulation. These RNA structures are incredibly dynamic and can indeed be described aptly as an ensemble of structures that shifts in distribution depending on different cellular conditions. Thus, the computational prediction of RNA structure poses a unique challenge, even as computational protein folding has seen great advances. In this review, we focus on a variety of machine learning-based methods that have been developed to predict RNA molecules' secondary structure, as well as more complex tertiary structures. We survey commonly used modeling strategies, and how many are inspired by or incorporate thermodynamic principles. We discuss the shortcomings that various design decisions entail and propose future directions that could build off these methods to yield more robust, accurate RNA structure predictions.
    MeSH term(s) RNA/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Machine Learning ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Computational Biology/methods
    Chemical Substances RNA (63231-63-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2068142-2
    ISSN 1477-4054 ; 1467-5463
    ISSN (online) 1477-4054
    ISSN 1467-5463
    DOI 10.1093/bib/bbad210
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6262: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Protein structure generation via folding diffusion.

    Wu, Kevin E / Yang, Kevin K / van den Berg, Rianne / Alamdari, Sarah / Zou, James Y / Lu, Alex X / Amini, Ava P

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 1059

    Abstract: The ability to computationally generate novel yet physically foldable protein structures could lead to new biological discoveries and new treatments targeting yet incurable diseases. Despite recent advances in protein structure prediction, directly ... ...

    Abstract The ability to computationally generate novel yet physically foldable protein structures could lead to new biological discoveries and new treatments targeting yet incurable diseases. Despite recent advances in protein structure prediction, directly generating diverse, novel protein structures from neural networks remains difficult. In this work, we present a diffusion-based generative model that generates protein backbone structures via a procedure inspired by the natural folding process. We describe a protein backbone structure as a sequence of angles capturing the relative orientation of the constituent backbone atoms, and generate structures by denoising from a random, unfolded state towards a stable folded structure. Not only does this mirror how proteins natively twist into energetically favorable conformations, the inherent shift and rotational invariance of this representation crucially alleviates the need for more complex equivariant networks. We train a denoising diffusion probabilistic model with a simple transformer backbone and demonstrate that our resulting model unconditionally generates highly realistic protein structures with complexity and structural patterns akin to those of naturally-occurring proteins. As a useful resource, we release an open-source codebase and trained models for protein structure diffusion.
    MeSH term(s) Protein Folding ; Proteins/metabolism ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Protein Conformation
    Chemical Substances Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-45051-2
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  9. Article ; Online: Nonspecific Orbital Inflammation (NSOI): Unraveling the Molecular Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Modalities, and Therapeutic Interventions.

    Wu, Kevin Y / Kulbay, Merve / Daigle, Patrick / Nguyen, Bich H / Tran, Simon D

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2024  Volume 25, Issue 3

    Abstract: Nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI), colloquially known as orbital pseudotumor, sometimes presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in ophthalmology. This review aims to dissect NSOI through a molecular lens, offering a comprehensive overview ... ...

    Abstract Nonspecific orbital inflammation (NSOI), colloquially known as orbital pseudotumor, sometimes presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in ophthalmology. This review aims to dissect NSOI through a molecular lens, offering a comprehensive overview of its pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and management strategies. The article delves into the underpinnings of NSOI, examining immunological and environmental factors alongside intricate molecular mechanisms involving signaling pathways, cytokines, and mediators. Special emphasis is placed on emerging molecular discoveries and approaches, highlighting the significance of understanding molecular mechanisms in NSOI for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Various diagnostic modalities are scrutinized for their utility and limitations. Therapeutic interventions encompass medical treatments with corticosteroids and immunomodulatory agents, all discussed in light of current molecular understanding. More importantly, this review offers a novel molecular perspective on NSOI, dissecting its pathogenesis and management with an emphasis on the latest molecular discoveries. It introduces an integrated approach combining advanced molecular diagnostics with current clinical assessments and explores emerging targeted therapies. By synthesizing these facets, the review aims to inform clinicians and researchers alike, paving the way for molecularly informed, precision-based strategies for managing NSOI.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Inflammation/diagnosis ; Inflammation/therapy ; Orbital Pseudotumor/diagnosis ; Orbital Pseudotumor/pathology ; Lens, Crystalline/pathology ; Ophthalmology ; Cytokines
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms25031553
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  10. Article ; Online: Exploring the Potential of Nanoporous Materials for Advancing Ophthalmic Treatments.

    Wu, Kevin Y / Brister, Danielle / Bélanger, Paul / Tran, Simon D

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 21

    Abstract: The landscape of ophthalmology is undergoing significant transformations, driven by technological advancements and innovations in materials science. One of the advancements in this evolution is the application of nanoporous materials, endowed with unique ...

    Abstract The landscape of ophthalmology is undergoing significant transformations, driven by technological advancements and innovations in materials science. One of the advancements in this evolution is the application of nanoporous materials, endowed with unique physicochemical properties ideal for a variety of ophthalmological applications. Characterized by their high surface area, tunable porosity, and functional versatility, these materials have the potential to improve drug delivery systems and ocular devices. This review, anchored by a comprehensive literature focusing on studies published within the last five years, examines the applications of nanoporous materials in ocular drug delivery systems (DDS), contact lenses, and intraocular lenses. By consolidating the most current research, this review aims to serve as a resource for clinicians, researchers, and material scientists engaged in the rapidly evolving field of ophthalmology.
    MeSH term(s) Nanopores ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Eye ; Administration, Ophthalmic ; Contact Lenses
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms242115599
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