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  1. Article ; Online: Re: George

    George, Carolin Elizabeth / Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja

    Epidemiology and infection

    2021  Volume 149, Page(s) e152

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Poverty Areas ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 632982-2
    ISSN 1469-4409 ; 0950-2688
    ISSN (online) 1469-4409
    ISSN 0950-2688
    DOI 10.1017/S0950268821001382
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  2. Article: The Effect of Epidural Analgesia on the Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Mothers Undergoing Induction of Labour.

    Abhirami, G R / Sathyavani, C / George, Carolin Elizabeth

    Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India

    2022  Volume 72, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) 174–179

    Abstract: Introduction: Elective labour induction is associated with more pain, intrapartum interventions, cesarean deliveries, as compared with spontaneous labour, necessitating the use of labour analgesia. Epidural analgesia is one popular method for control of ...

    Abstract Introduction: Elective labour induction is associated with more pain, intrapartum interventions, cesarean deliveries, as compared with spontaneous labour, necessitating the use of labour analgesia. Epidural analgesia is one popular method for control of pain. This study was to determine the effect of epidural analgesia on the maternal and fetal outcomes in women undergoing induction of labour, as adequate data in this specific population is relatively sparse.
    Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 18 months which included mothers with singleton term gestation with cephalic presentation admitted for induction of labour.
    Result: A sample of 238 mothers were included in the study. Among the study population, 52.7% opted for epidural analgesia. The pain score was less than 3/10 (VAS) in 81% of mothers who opted for epidural analgesia. The cesarean section rate was 20.5% and 34.3% in the epidural and non-epidural groups, respectively. After adjusting the confounding factors, there was a positive effect noted in the caesarean section rate among the epidural group, which was lesser than the non-epidural group. However, a higher instrumental delivery rate (18.8% vs. 10.5%,
    Conclusion: Epidural analgesia providing good pain relief in the majority of the mothers was reinforced. In our study, epidural analgesia was associated with a reduction of caesarean section rate after adjusting the confounding factor. Epidural analgesia did not affect the duration of labour, cesarean section rate and fetal outcome independently, however, it was associated with increased risk of instrumental delivery. The outcomes mainly depend on the confounding factors. Therefore, mothers can be provided with an evidence-based information regarding the effect of epidural analgesia in induced labour and help those seeking epidural analgesia to make an informed choice.
    Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-022-01622-1.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-23
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410688-x
    ISSN 0971-9202 ; 0022-3190
    ISSN 0971-9202 ; 0022-3190
    DOI 10.1007/s13224-022-01622-1
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  3. Article ; Online: A comprehensive review of dengue with a focus on emerging solutions for precision and timely detection.

    Stanley, Swetha Mariam / Khera, Harvinder Kour / Chandrasingh, Sindhulina / George, Carolin Elizabeth / Mishra, Rakesh K

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2023  Volume 254, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 127613

    Abstract: Dengue is a global health problem, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), which belongs to the Flaviviridae family of viruses. The transmission of DENV occurs through vectors, Ae. aegypti and Ae. Albopictus mosquitoes, to the human host, classifying it as a ... ...

    Abstract Dengue is a global health problem, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), which belongs to the Flaviviridae family of viruses. The transmission of DENV occurs through vectors, Ae. aegypti and Ae. Albopictus mosquitoes, to the human host, classifying it as a vector-borne disease. The disease incidence is increasing at an alarming rate and needs to be tackled to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by the disease. Environmental and clinical surveillance, detection of the virus, and diagnostics are critical tools to address this issue. In this comprehensive review, we explore various diagnostic techniques and the associated challenges within the context of dengue. While we briefly touch upon dengue's epidemiology, serotypes, and pathogenesis, our primary emphasis remains on diagnostics. We delve into the intricacies of these diagnostic methods, considering both the challenges they entail and the potential they hold in terms of accuracy and accessibility. It's important to note that the review does not extensively cover clinical aspects or regional variations of the disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Dengue Virus ; Dengue/diagnosis ; Dengue/epidemiology ; Aedes ; Mosquito Vectors ; Serogroup
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-22
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127613
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  4. Article ; Online: Are hospitals epicentres of COVID19 transmission? Findings of serial serosurveys among healthcare workers from a tertiary hospital in South India.

    Chandrasingh, Sindhulina / George, Carolin Elizabeth / Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja

    Indian journal of medical microbiology

    2021  Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 141–143

    Abstract: We conducted a serial cross-sectional study and used blood bank donors serosurvey and the ICMR serosurvey reports for comparison. Seroprevalence was 0% among HCWs (n-211) and blood bank donors (n-210) during the first phase while ICMR serosurvey reported ...

    Abstract We conducted a serial cross-sectional study and used blood bank donors serosurvey and the ICMR serosurvey reports for comparison. Seroprevalence was 0% among HCWs (n-211) and blood bank donors (n-210) during the first phase while ICMR serosurvey reported 0.5% among general population in the district at the same time. In phase 2, we estimated a seroprevalence of 9.2% as compared to 18.8% among general population. Seroprevalence among HCWs was comparable to that of the general population during both phases. We postulate that good infection control policies and practice can provide safe working environment without additional risk to HCWs.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1038798-5
    ISSN 1998-3646 ; 0255-0857
    ISSN (online) 1998-3646
    ISSN 0255-0857
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.10.006
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  5. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection in a rural district of South India

    Leeberk Raja Inbaraj / Carolin Elizabeth George / Sindhulina Chandrasingh

    PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 3, p e

    A population-based seroepidemiological study.

    2021  Volume 0249247

    Abstract: Objectives We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in a rural district of South India, six months after the index case. Methodology We conducted a cross-sectional study of 509 adults aged more than 18 years. From all the four subdistricts, ... ...

    Abstract Objectives We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in a rural district of South India, six months after the index case. Methodology We conducted a cross-sectional study of 509 adults aged more than 18 years. From all the four subdistricts, two grampanchayats (administrative cluster of 5-8 villages) were randomly selected followed by one village through convenience. The participants were invited for the study to the community-based study kiosk set up in all the eight villages through village health committees. We collected socio-demographic characteristics and symptoms using a mobile application-based questionnaire, and we tested samples for the presence of IgG antibodies for SARS CoV-2 using an electro chemiluminescent immunoassay. We calculated age-gender adjusted and test performance adjusted seroprevalence. Results The age-and gender-adjusted seroprevalence was 8.5% (95% CI 6.9%- 10.8%). The unadjusted seroprevalence among participants with hypertension and diabetes was 16.3% (95% CI:9.2-25.8) and 10.7% (95% CI: 5.5-18.3) respectively. When we adjusted for the test performance, the seroprevalence was 6.1% (95% CI 4.02-8.17). The study estimated 7 (95% CI 1:4.5-1:9) undetected infected individuals for every RT-PCR confirmed case. Infection Fatality Rate (IFR) was calculated as 12.38 per 10000 infections as on 22 October 2020. History of self-reported symptoms and education were significantly associated with positive status (p < 0.05). Conclusion A significant proportion of the rural population in a district of south India remains susceptible to COVID-19. A higher proportion of susceptible, relatively higher IFR and a poor tertiary healthcare network stress the importance of sustaining the public health measures and promoting early access to the vaccine are crucial to preserving the health of this population. Low population density, good housing, adequate ventilation, limited urbanisation combined with public, private and local health leadership are critical components of curbing future ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Law enforcement and cardiovascular risk

    Carolin Elizabeth George

    Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 8, Iss 3, Pp 49-

    Findings of a cross-sectional study from Rural Karnataka

    2017  Volume 54

    Abstract: Background: Police personnel experience job-related factors that put them at risk of heart disease. Close encounter with difficult situations and unpredictability of working hours pose them with high stress which can increase the chance of heart disease. ...

    Abstract Background: Police personnel experience job-related factors that put them at risk of heart disease. Close encounter with difficult situations and unpredictability of working hours pose them with high stress which can increase the chance of heart disease. Aims and Objective: The current study aims to find out the prevalence of individual and aggregated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and a10 year risk prediction of a fatal or non-fatal cardiac events using the Framingham risk score. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 60 police personnel of Devanahalli Taluk in Bangalore rural district. The study comprised a pre tested semi structured questionnaire; body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements, and random plasma glucose estimation. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated for Framingham risk score with individual CVD risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression was done to measure the association of CVD risk factors with Framingham risk score. Results: The prevalence of aggregated cardiovascular risk was high, 85% of them had a combination of 2 or more risk factors. Greater age (> 50 years), smoking, waist circumference, waist hip ratio and presence of hypertension were significantly associate with high 10 year CVD risk categories. Age and systolic blood pressure showed a significant positive correlation with CVD risk. Conclusion: An alarming 40% of the police personnel had a high risk of a fatal or non-fatal cardiac event in the next 10 years. This warrants the need for regular CVD risk factor screening and targeted health education programs along with lifestyle modification counselling.
    Keywords cardiovascular risk factors ; police personnel ; framingham risk score ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection in a rural district of South India: A population-based seroepidemiological study.

    Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja / George, Carolin Elizabeth / Chandrasingh, Sindhulina

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) e0249247

    Abstract: Objectives: We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in a rural district of South India, six months after the index case.: Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 509 adults aged more than 18 years. From all the four ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in a rural district of South India, six months after the index case.
    Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 509 adults aged more than 18 years. From all the four subdistricts, two grampanchayats (administrative cluster of 5-8 villages) were randomly selected followed by one village through convenience. The participants were invited for the study to the community-based study kiosk set up in all the eight villages through village health committees. We collected socio-demographic characteristics and symptoms using a mobile application-based questionnaire, and we tested samples for the presence of IgG antibodies for SARS CoV-2 using an electro chemiluminescent immunoassay. We calculated age-gender adjusted and test performance adjusted seroprevalence.
    Results: The age-and gender-adjusted seroprevalence was 8.5% (95% CI 6.9%- 10.8%). The unadjusted seroprevalence among participants with hypertension and diabetes was 16.3% (95% CI:9.2-25.8) and 10.7% (95% CI: 5.5-18.3) respectively. When we adjusted for the test performance, the seroprevalence was 6.1% (95% CI 4.02-8.17). The study estimated 7 (95% CI 1:4.5-1:9) undetected infected individuals for every RT-PCR confirmed case. Infection Fatality Rate (IFR) was calculated as 12.38 per 10000 infections as on 22 October 2020. History of self-reported symptoms and education were significantly associated with positive status (p < 0.05).
    Conclusion: A significant proportion of the rural population in a district of south India remains susceptible to COVID-19. A higher proportion of susceptible, relatively higher IFR and a poor tertiary healthcare network stress the importance of sustaining the public health measures and promoting early access to the vaccine are crucial to preserving the health of this population. Low population density, good housing, adequate ventilation, limited urbanisation combined with public, private and local health leadership are critical components of curbing future respiratory pandemics.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0249247
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  8. Article: Seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 among children after the second surge (June 2021) in a rural district of South India: Findings and lessons from a population-based survey.

    George, Carolin Elizabeth / Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja / Rajukutty, Shon / Joan, Roshni Florina / Muthuraj, Sangeetha / Chandrasingh, Sindhulina

    Frontiers in pediatrics

    2022  Volume 10, Page(s) 997684

    Abstract: Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of SARS COV 2 among children in the Bangalore Rural district.: Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study after the second surge of COVID-19 from 14 June to 13 July 2021 and recruited 412 children through ...

    Abstract Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of SARS COV 2 among children in the Bangalore Rural district.
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study after the second surge of COVID-19 from 14 June to 13 July 2021 and recruited 412 children through house to house visits from four villages in a rural district. We administered a questionnaire to collect demographics and details of COVID-19 infection and used the ABCHEK Antibody Card test (NuLifecare,India) which is an ICMR approved test for detecting antibodies (IgG & IgM) by immunochromatography using the finger prick method. We used Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 for analysis.
    Results: Our participants had an age group ranging from 11 months to 18 years. There was an almost equal distribution of boys (48.3%) and girls (51.7%). We estimated seroprevalence of 45.9% (95% CI: 41-50.8) among children. Seroprevalence was significantly associated with a history of symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 in the past, the seropositive status of the parents, and any other family members being tested positive. Age and gender of the child, education and occupation of the parents were not associated with the seropositivity status of the child.
    Conclusion: Seroprevalence of COVID-19 among children corresponds to adult seroprevalence during the same time interval. This knowledge can be of practical application where adult prevalence is documented. Unvaccinated children in low-resource settings need special attention with respect to monitoring for new mutations as well as managing endemic needs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711999-3
    ISSN 2296-2360
    ISSN 2296-2360
    DOI 10.3389/fped.2022.997684
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  9. Article ; Online: How safe is Covishield (ChAdOx1nCoV-19) vaccine? Experience from a tertiary care hospital in South India

    Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja / Elizabeth, Carolin George / Franklyn, Nirupama Navamani

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Background: COVID vaccine has been recently rolled out for Health care workers in India. Though vaccine trials and data are available, people, including HCWs, need more real-life data from their contexts to get over the vaccine hesitancy. We aimed to ... ...

    Abstract Background: COVID vaccine has been recently rolled out for Health care workers in India. Though vaccine trials and data are available, people, including HCWs, need more real-life data from their contexts to get over the vaccine hesitancy. We aimed to determine the incidence of Adverse Event Following Immunisation (AEFI) among HCWs after their first dose of ChAdOx1nCoV-19 vaccine. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 218 staff of a tertiary care hospital. We circulated a google form with informed consent on the hospital WhatsApp platform and asked them to self-report their vaccination experience. Results: Two thirds (69.7% (152/218),95% CI: 63.1-75.7) had minor AEFI, and none had severe AEFI. Body ache (46.8%, 95% CI:40-53.6) was the most common symptom followed by headache (30.3%, 95% CI: 24.2-36.8) and fever (22%,95% CI: 16.8-28.1). Most of them (39.4%, 95% CI:32.9-46.2) experienced symptoms within 4-24 hours after taking the vaccine while 22.3% (95% CI:17.1-28.6)experienced it after a day. Majority of the HCWs (78.9% 95% CI: 72.8-84.1) were anxious before the vaccination. Younger age group and female gender were significantly associated with AEFI compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: HCWs experienced minor, self-limiting AEFI with the first dose of ChAdOx1nCoV-19. The hospital reported no serious AEFI following the vaccination.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-24
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2021.03.16.21253744
    Database COVID19

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  10. Article: The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Improving Glycaemic Control in Diabetic Vitamin D-Deficient Pregnant Women: A Single-Blinded Randomized Control Trial.

    Bhavya Swetha, R V / Samal, Rajnish / George, Carolin Elizabeth

    Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India

    2019  Volume 70, Issue 2, Page(s) 119–125

    Abstract: Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus is one of the most common conditions complicating pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency is closely associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.: Objectives: To study the effect of vitamin D supplementation on ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus is one of the most common conditions complicating pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency is closely associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
    Objectives: To study the effect of vitamin D supplementation on diabetic pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency.
    Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted with 100 diabetic pregnant women. They were randomized into group A and group B. Group A were screened for vitamin D deficiency once diagnosed with GDM of which 40 were found to be deficient and allotted to group D (
    Results: There was a significant increase in the mean insulin and metformin requirements in both the supplemented and control groups. Vitamin D supplementation did not improve the glycaemic control in diabetic pregnant women.
    Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation did not decrease insulin resistance or improve the glycaemic control in diabetic pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-14
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410688-x
    ISSN 0971-9202 ; 0022-3190
    ISSN 0971-9202 ; 0022-3190
    DOI 10.1007/s13224-019-01289-1
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