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Article ; Online: The role of coagulation in chronic inflammatory disorders: a jack of all trades.

Borensztajn, Keren S / von der Thüsen, Jan H / Spek, C Arnold

2010 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–16

Abstract: Chronic inflammatory disorders constitute a heterogeneous group of complex and multifactorial diseases, which are often associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, independent of the established cardiovascular risk factors. In ... ...

Abstract	Chronic inflammatory disorders constitute a heterogeneous group of complex and multifactorial diseases, which are often associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, independent of the established cardiovascular risk factors. In keeping with this observation, hypercoagulability is frequently observed in patients suffering from atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and rheumatoid arthritis although the physiological significance of activated coagulation remained elusive. However, the identification of protease activated receptors (PAR) seem to provide a link between coagulation activation and disease progression as their activation by coagulation factors triggers a broad range of signaling pathways relevant for chronic inflammatory disorders. In experimental animal models, anticoagulation and/or genetic ablation of PAR signaling affords protection against the perpetuation of atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and rheumatoid arthritis. It is thus tempting to speculate that targeting the coagulation-PAR axis might have clinical relevance in the setting of chronic inflammatory disorders. In the current review, we discuss the current knowledge on coagulation activation in inflammatory disorders, we discuss the relationship between atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and rheumatoid arthritis and we review the current knowledge on PAR signaling in these disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology ; Atherosclerosis/complications ; Atherosclerosis/physiopathology ; Blood Coagulation/physiology ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Inflammation/complications ; Inflammation/physiopathology ; Models, Biological ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology ; Receptors, Proteinase-Activated/physiology ; Signal Transduction/physiology
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Proteinase-Activated
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-07-23
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1304236-1
ISSN	1873-4286 ; 1381-6128
ISSN (online)	1873-4286
ISSN	1381-6128
DOI	10.2174/138161211795049813
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Zs.A 4714: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Chest Pain Evaluation: Updated Guidelines From the AHA/ACC.

Buelt, Andrew / Kennady, Jack / Arnold, Michael

American family physician

2023 Volume 107, Issue 2, Page(s) 204–206

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Chest Pain/diagnosis ; Chest Pain/etiology ; Risk Factors ; American Heart Association
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	412694-4
ISSN	1532-0650 ; 0002-838X ; 0572-3612
ISSN (online)	1532-0650
ISSN	0002-838X ; 0572-3612
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Zs.B 848: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Genetic Engineering of Resident Bacteria in the Gut Microbiome.

Arnold, Jack / Glazier, Joshua / Mimee, Mark

Journal of bacteriology

2023 Volume 205, Issue 7, Page(s) e0012723

Abstract: Techniques by which to genetically manipulate members of the microbiota enable both the evaluation of host-microbe interactions and an avenue by which to monitor and modulate human physiology. Genetic engineering applications have traditionally focused ... ...

Abstract	Techniques by which to genetically manipulate members of the microbiota enable both the evaluation of host-microbe interactions and an avenue by which to monitor and modulate human physiology. Genetic engineering applications have traditionally focused on model gut residents, such as Escherichia coli and lactic acid bacteria. However, emerging efforts by which to develop synthetic biology toolsets for "nonmodel" resident gut microbes could provide an improved foundation for microbiome engineering. As genome engineering tools come online, so too have novel applications for engineered gut microbes. Engineered resident gut bacteria facilitate investigations of the roles of microbes and their metabolites on host health and allow for potential live microbial biotherapeutics. Due to the rapid pace of discovery in this burgeoning field, this minireview highlights advancements in the genetic engineering of all resident gut microbes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Bacteria/genetics ; Genetic Engineering ; Microbiota ; Host Microbial Interactions
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2968-3
ISSN	1098-5530 ; 0021-9193
ISSN (online)	1098-5530
ISSN	0021-9193
DOI	10.1128/jb.00127-23
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Ud II Zs.50: Show issues

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Book: The jack-pine budworm

MacAloney, Harvey John / Drooz, Arnold Thomas

(Forest pest leaflet ; 7)

1956

Institution	United States. / Forest Service,
Author's details	by Harvey J. MacAloney and Arnold T. Drooz
Series title	Forest pest leaflet ; 7
Keywords	Jack pine budworm ; Jack pine budworm/Diseases and pests ; Jack pine budworm/Diseases and pests/Control.
Language	English
Size	4 pages :, illustrations ;, 23 cm.
Document type	Book
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Modulation of cold-induced shivering activity by intermittent and continuous voluntary suppression.

Arnold, Josh T / Lennon, Jack F / Lloyd, Alex B

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology

2022 Volume 324, Issue 1, Page(s) R102–R108

Abstract: This investigation assessed the physiological effects of voluntary suppression of shivering thermogenesis in response to whole body cooling. Eleven healthy volunteers underwent passive air cooling (10°C), across three visits: NO_SUP, where participants ... ...

Abstract	This investigation assessed the physiological effects of voluntary suppression of shivering thermogenesis in response to whole body cooling. Eleven healthy volunteers underwent passive air cooling (10°C), across three visits: NO_SUP, where participants allowed their body to freely regulate against the cold; FULL_SUP, where participants constantly suppressed shivering; INT_SUP, where participants intermittently suppressed shivering (5 min phases), interspersed with 5 min free regulation. Shivering was assessed via electromyography (EMG), mechanomyography (MMG), and whole body oxygen uptake (V̇o
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Shivering/physiology ; Cold Temperature ; Thermogenesis/physiology ; Body Temperature/physiology ; Skin Temperature ; Body Temperature Regulation/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603839-6
ISSN	1522-1490 ; 0363-6119
ISSN (online)	1522-1490
ISSN	0363-6119
DOI	10.1152/ajpregu.00361.2020
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Uc I Zs.89: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Comment on: Pinhole pupilloplasty after previous radial keratotomy.

Arnold, Sam / Alexander, Ella / Parker, Jack S

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery

2021 Volume 47, Issue 10, Page(s) 1382–1383

MeSH term(s)	Cornea/surgery ; Humans ; Keratotomy, Radial ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	632744-8
ISSN	1873-4502 ; 0886-3350
ISSN (online)	1873-4502
ISSN	0886-3350
DOI	10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000797
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Zs.A 1806: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Proceedings from the 3rd International Conference on Microbiome Engineering.

McClure, Sandra / Enam, Fatima / Arnold, Jack / Mimee, Mark

Biotechnology progress

2022 Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) e3241

Abstract: The human microbiome has been inextricably linked to multiple facets of human physiology. From an engineering standpoint, the ability to precisely control the composition and activity of the microbiome holds great promise for furthering our understanding ...

Abstract	The human microbiome has been inextricably linked to multiple facets of human physiology. From an engineering standpoint, the ability to precisely control the composition and activity of the microbiome holds great promise for furthering our understanding of disease etiology and for new avenues of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. While the field of microbiome research is still in its infancy, growing engineering efforts are emerging to enable new studies in the microbiome and to rapidly translate these findings to microbiome-based interventions. At the 3rd International Conference on Microbiome Engineering, leading experts in the field presented state-of-the-art work in microbiome engineering, discussing probiotics, prebiotics, engineered microbes, microbially derived biomolecules, and bacteriophage.
MeSH term(s)	Bacteriophages/genetics ; Bone and Bones/chemistry ; Humans ; Microbiota/genetics ; Prebiotics/analysis ; Probiotics/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Prebiotics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	165657-0
ISSN	1520-6033 ; 8756-7938
ISSN (online)	1520-6033
ISSN	8756-7938
DOI	10.1002/btpr.3241
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Zs.A 4253: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Four-level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusions: Results Following Multilevel Cervical Fusion With a Minimum 1-Year Follow-up.

Jack, Megan M / Lundy, Paige / Reeves, Alan R / Arnold, Paul M

Clinical spine surgery

2021 Volume 34, Issue 4, Page(s) E243–E247

Abstract: Study design: A retrospective review of prospectively collected case series.: Objective: This is a retrospective review of prospectively collected data regarding the clinical outcomes, complications, and fusion rates of patients who underwent a 4- ... ...

Abstract	Study design: A retrospective review of prospectively collected case series. Objective: This is a retrospective review of prospectively collected data regarding the clinical outcomes, complications, and fusion rates of patients who underwent a 4-level (C3-C7) anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Summary of background: The use of multilevel ACDF for cervical spondylosis has been controversial. The literature regarding fusion rates and outcomes have been variable. This study intends to evaluate the outcomes following multilevel ACDF in a large cohort of patients. Clinical materials and methods: Between 1994 and 2011, 60 patients underwent a 4-level ACDF by a single surgeon. All patients were followed for a minimum of 12 months, and outcome measures included neurological findings, presence or absence of radiographic fusion, and complication rates. All patients had radiographic documentation of spinal cord stenosis at 4 consecutive cervical levels as well as myelopathy and/or radiculopathy symptoms. Results: Forty-eight patients underwent a single anterior procedure, only 5 patients underwent concurrent anterior and posterior fusion, and 7 patients required a second posterior surgery due to new-onset or residual symptoms or hardware complications after undergoing ACDF. Patients most commonly presented with paresthesias and were diagnosed with cervical stenosis. Overall, 18.3% reported early postoperative dysphagia; however, only 2 patients continued to have mild dysphagia symptoms on long-term follow-up. Other complications included hardware failure (11), residual neck pain (7), residual paresthesias (6), new-onset weakness (3), neck hematoma (1), cellulitis (1), and C5 radiculopathy (1). Overall, 88.3% of patients reported improvement in initial symptoms. Nurick scores were significantly lower following 4-level ACDF. The radiographic fusion rate for all levels was 95%. No patients required reoperation for pseudarthrosis. Conclusion: In appropriate patients, 4-level ACDF is a safe, efficacious method for treating multilevel cervical spinal cord compression, with acceptable complication rates and the ability to achieve neurological improvement and high fusion rates.
MeSH term(s)	Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Cervical Vertebrae/surgery ; Diskectomy/adverse effects ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion/adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2849646-2
ISSN	2380-0194 ; 2380-0186
ISSN (online)	2380-0194
ISSN	2380-0186
DOI	10.1097/BSD.0000000000001116
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Zs.A 2427: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Differential metabolic responses in bold and shy sea anemones during a simulated heatwave.

Maskrey, Daniel K / Killen, Shaun S / Sneddon, Lynne U / Arnold, Kathryn E / Wolfenden, David C C / Thomson, Jack S

The Journal of experimental biology

2024 Volume 227, Issue 3

Abstract: As climate change-induced heatwaves become more common, phenotypic plasticity at multiple levels is a key mitigation strategy by which organisms can optimise selective outcomes. In ectotherms, changes to both metabolism and behaviour can help alleviate ... ...

Abstract	As climate change-induced heatwaves become more common, phenotypic plasticity at multiple levels is a key mitigation strategy by which organisms can optimise selective outcomes. In ectotherms, changes to both metabolism and behaviour can help alleviate thermal stress. Nonetheless, no study in any ectotherm has yet empirically investigated how changing temperatures affect among-individual differences in the associations between these traits. Using the beadlet anemone (Actinia equina), an intertidal species from a thermally heterogeneous environment, we investigated how individual metabolic rates, linked to morphotypic differences in A. equina, and boldness were related across changing temperatures. A crossed-over design and a temporal control were used to test the same individuals at a non-stressful temperature, 13°C, and under a simulated heatwave at 21°C. At each temperature, short-term repeated measurements of routine metabolic rate (RMR) and a single measurement of a repeatable boldness-related behaviour, immersion response time (IRT), were made. Individual differences, but not morphotypic differences, were highly predictive of metabolic plasticity, and the plasticity of RMR was associated with IRT. At 13°C, shy animals had the highest metabolic rates, while at 21°C, this relationship was reversed. Individuals that were bold at 13°C also exhibited the highest metabolic rates at 21°C. Additional metabolic challenges during heatwaves could be detrimental to fitness in bold individuals. Equally, lower metabolic rates at non-stressful temperatures could be necessary for optimal survival as heatwaves become more common. These results provide novel insight into the relationship between metabolic and behavioural plasticity, and its adaptive implications in a changing climate.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Sea Anemones ; Temperature
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218085-6
ISSN	1477-9145 ; 0022-0949
ISSN (online)	1477-9145
ISSN	0022-0949
DOI	10.1242/jeb.244662
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Zs.A 2629: Show issues

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Article: Application of 3D Modeling Software to Preoperative MRI for Prediction of Surface Area of Tissue Applied During Osteochondral Allograft Reconstruction of the Knee.

Moulton, Samuel G / Provencher, Matthew / Vidal, Armando / Wiedrick, Jack / Arnold, Kaytee / Crawford, Dennis

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine

2023 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) 23259671231153132

Abstract: Background: Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to estimate the quantity of tissue provided for fresh osteochondral allograft (FOCA) in the knee. Use of 3-dimensional (3D) MRI modeling software for this purpose may improve defect ... ...

Abstract	Background: Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to estimate the quantity of tissue provided for fresh osteochondral allograft (FOCA) in the knee. Use of 3-dimensional (3D) MRI modeling software for this purpose may improve defect assessment, providing a more accurate estimate of osteochondral allograft tissue required and eliminating the possibility of acquiring an inadequate quantity of tissue for transplant surgery. Purpose: To evaluate the capacity of damage assessment (DA) 3D MRI modeling software to preoperatively estimate the osteochondral allograft surface area used in surgery. Study design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Included were 36 patients who had undergone FOCA surgery to the distal femur. Based on the preoperative MRI scans, the DA software estimated the total surface area of the lesion as well as the surface areas of each subarea of injury: full-thickness cartilage injury (International Cartilage Repair Society [ICRS] grade 4), partial-thickness cartilage injury (ICRS grade 2-3), bone marrow edema, bone loss, and bone cyst. The probability of overestimation of graft tissue areas by the DA software was calculated using a Bayes-moderated proportion, and the relationship between the prediction discrepancy (ie, over- or underestimation) and the magnitude of the DA estimate was assessed using nonparametric local-linear regression. Results: The DA total surface area measurement overestimated the actual area of FOCA tissue transplanted 81.6% (95% CI, 67.2%-91.4%) of the time, corresponding to a median overestimation of 3.14 cm Conclusion: The DA 3D modeling software overestimated osteochondral defect size >80% of the time in 36 distal femoral FOCA cases. A policy of consistent but limited overestimation of osteochondral defect size may provide a more reliable basis for predicting the minimum safe amount of allograft tissue to acquire for transplantation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2706251-X
ISSN	2325-9671
ISSN	2325-9671
DOI	10.1177/23259671231153132
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