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  1. Article ; Online: Ageism and late-life mortality: How community matters.

    Carr, Deborah

    Social science & medicine (1982)

    2022  Volume 320, Page(s) 115501

    Abstract: AGEISM: the deeply entrenched biases that people hold about old age-is a persistent social problem that intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic. The harmful physical, emotional, and cognitive health consequences of individual-level age bias are well- ... ...

    Abstract AGEISM: the deeply entrenched biases that people hold about old age-is a persistent social problem that intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic. The harmful physical, emotional, and cognitive health consequences of individual-level age bias are well-documented, with most studies operationalizing ageism as an older adult's personal encounters with age discrimination, self-perceptions of their own aging, and internalized negative beliefs about old age. However, the impacts of community-level age bias on older adults' well-being have received less attention. This commentary reviews recent evidence (Kellogg et al.,) showing that county-level explicit age bias is associated with lower mortality rates among older adults, with effects limited to older adults residing in counties with relatively younger populations. Effects were not detected in counties with relatively older populations, or for implicit age bias. These counterintuitive findings require further exploration, including the use of more fine-grained measures of community-level ageism, attention to the role of gentrification in communities, and the development of new measures of structural ageism, drawing on approaches used to study the impacts of structural racism. Data science approaches, including the use of social media data in tandem with mortality data, may reveal how age bias affects older adults. Communities are especially important to older adults, who spend much of their time in areas immediately proximate to their homes. As more individuals age in place, and as federal funding for home-based and community services (HCBS) increases, researchers should identify which community-level characteristics, including age bias, undermine or enhance late-life well-being.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Ageism/psychology ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Aging/psychology ; Self Concept
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 4766-1
    ISSN 1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    ISSN (online) 1873-5347
    ISSN 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115501
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: COVID-19: Trends, Disparities, and Consequences for Older Adults.

    Carr, Deborah

    The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

    2020  Volume 76, Issue 3, Page(s) e65–e67

    MeSH term(s) Aging ; COVID-19/ethnology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Health Status Disparities ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Physical Distancing ; Social Isolation ; United States/ethnology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223664-0
    ISSN 1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
    ISSN (online) 1758-5368
    ISSN 1079-5014
    DOI 10.1093/geronb/gbaa211
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Aging Alone? International Perspectives on Social Integration and Isolation.

    Carr, Deborah

    The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

    2019  Volume 74, Issue 8, Page(s) 1391–1393

    MeSH term(s) Aged/psychology ; Aging/psychology ; Global Health ; Humans ; Social Integration ; Social Isolation/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223664-0
    ISSN 1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
    ISSN (online) 1758-5368
    ISSN 1079-5014
    DOI 10.1093/geronb/gbz095
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Early-Life Influences on Later Life Well-Being: Innovations and Explorations.

    Carr, Deborah

    The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

    2019  Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 829–831

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Child ; Humans ; Life Change Events ; Personal Satisfaction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1223664-0
    ISSN 1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
    ISSN (online) 1758-5368
    ISSN 1079-5014
    DOI 10.1093/geronb/gbz054
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Population Aging and Heat Exposure in the 21st Century: Which World Regions Are at Greatest Risk?

    Carr, Deborah / Wing, Ian Sue / Falchetta, Giacomo / De Cian, Enrica

    The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

    2024  Volume 79, Issue 4

    MeSH term(s) Hot Temperature ; Global Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223643-3
    ISSN 1758-535X ; 1079-5006
    ISSN (online) 1758-535X
    ISSN 1079-5006
    DOI 10.1093/gerona/glae053
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Volunteering Among Older Adults: Life Course Correlates and Consequences.

    Carr, Deborah

    The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

    2018  Volume 73, Issue 3, Page(s) 479–481

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aging/psychology ; Humans ; Volunteers/psychology ; Volunteers/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223664-0
    ISSN 1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
    ISSN (online) 1758-5368
    ISSN 1079-5014
    DOI 10.1093/geronb/gbx179
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  7. Article ; Online: Mental health of older widows and widowers: Which coping strategies are most protective?

    Carr, Deborah

    Aging & mental health

    2018  Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) 291–299

    Abstract: I examine: whether specific emotion-focused coping and help-seeking strategies adopted by older widow(er)s 6 months postloss affect depressive, anger, and yearning symptoms 1 year later; whether these effects are accounted for by psychosocial factors ... ...

    Abstract I examine: whether specific emotion-focused coping and help-seeking strategies adopted by older widow(er)s 6 months postloss affect depressive, anger, and yearning symptoms 1 year later; whether these effects are accounted for by psychosocial factors which guide the selection of coping strategies; and the extent to which patterns differ by gender. I estimate nested multivariate OLS regression models using data from the Changing Lives of Older Couples, a prospective multiwave survey of spousal bereavement (
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Psychological ; Aged ; Anger ; Bereavement ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Social Support ; Spouses/psychology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Widowhood/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1474804-6
    ISSN 1364-6915 ; 1360-7863
    ISSN (online) 1364-6915
    ISSN 1360-7863
    DOI 10.1080/13607863.2018.1531381
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Advance Care Planning: Assessing the Role of Subjective Life Expectancy.

    Lou, Yifan / Carr, Deborah

    The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

    2022  Volume 77, Issue 8, Page(s) 1508–1518

    Abstract: Objectives: Persistent race disparities in advance care planning (ACP) are troubling, given Black and Hispanic older adults' elevated risk of disease, some dementias, and receipt of care that may not align with their preferences. A potentially important ...

    Abstract Objectives: Persistent race disparities in advance care planning (ACP) are troubling, given Black and Hispanic older adults' elevated risk of disease, some dementias, and receipt of care that may not align with their preferences. A potentially important yet underexplored explanation for these disparities is subjective life expectancy (SLE) or beliefs about one's future survival that may impel or impede ACP.
    Methods: Data are from the Health and Retirement Study (n = 8,912). We examined the extent to which perceived chances of living another 10 years are associated with 3 components of ACP (living will, durable power of attorney for health care [DPAHC], and informal discussions). We used multilevel logistic regression models to evaluate the extent to which SLE mediates the association between race and ACP, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health characteristics.
    Results: Black and Hispanic older adults have significantly lower rates of ACP relative to Whites. These disparities persist even when SLE is controlled. Blacks report especially optimistic whereas Hispanics report pessimistic survival expectations, although these differences do not explain racial disparities in ACP. SLE has direct effects on ACP, such that persons who report an "uncertain" SLE are less likely to have a living will or a DPAHC, whereas those who perceive a 50% chance of survival have significantly greater odds of discussions, relative to those who perceive a 0% chance of survival.
    Discussion: Doctor-patient conversations about the likely course of one's illness may inform patients' knowledge of their SLE, which may motivate timely ACP.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Humans ; Advance Care Planning ; Ethnicity ; Life Expectancy ; Racial Groups ; White ; Black or African American ; Hispanic or Latino
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1223664-0
    ISSN 1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
    ISSN (online) 1758-5368
    ISSN 1079-5014
    DOI 10.1093/geronb/gbac003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The Effect of Physical Limitations on Depressive Symptoms Over the Life Course: Is Optimism a Protective Buffer?

    Choi, Shinae L / Namkung, Eun Ha / Carr, Deborah

    The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences

    2023  Volume 77, Issue 9, Page(s) 1686–1698

    Abstract: Objectives: We examined the extent to which optimism buffers the effects of physical limitations on depressive symptoms across 4 mid- and later-life age groups (ages 40-49, 50-64, 65-74, 75 and older at baseline). Analyses are motivated by stress ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: We examined the extent to which optimism buffers the effects of physical limitations on depressive symptoms across 4 mid- and later-life age groups (ages 40-49, 50-64, 65-74, 75 and older at baseline). Analyses are motivated by stress theories, which propose that the protective effects of coping resources are evidenced only at high levels of stress. We further explore whether these purportedly protective effects diminish with age, as health-related stressor(s) intensify and become irreversible.
    Methods: We use data from 2 waves (2004-2006 and 2013-2014) of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, n = 4,515) and Midlife in the United States (MIDUS, n = 2,138). We estimate ordinary least squares regression models with 3-way interaction terms to examine prospectively the benefits of optimism as a coping resource for persons with physical limitations across 4 age groups. Physical limitations are assessed with a composite measure encompassing mobility and activity of daily living limitations.
    Results: In HRS and MIDUS, persons with 3+ limitations reported significantly more depressive symptoms than persons with 0-2 limitations, yet these disparities diminished at higher levels of optimism. Buffering effects of optimism vary by age. For midlife and young-old persons with 3+ limitations, optimism is strongly and inversely related to depressive symptoms at follow-up. Comparable protective effects are not evident among the oldest sample members.
    Discussion: Stress and coping models should consider more fully factors that limit older adults' capacity to deploy purportedly protective personal resources. Investments in structural or institutional supports may be more effective than interventions to enhance positive thinking.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Psychological ; Aged ; Depression/prevention & control ; Humans ; Optimism ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1223664-0
    ISSN 1758-5368 ; 1079-5014
    ISSN (online) 1758-5368
    ISSN 1079-5014
    DOI 10.1093/geronb/gbac058
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  10. Article ; Online: Urban endoliths: incidental microbial communities occurring inside concrete.

    Brown, Jordan / Chen, Corona / Fernández, Melania / Carr, Deborah

    AIMS microbiology

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 277–312

    Abstract: Concrete is now a prevalent type of synthetic rock, and its production and usage have major environmental implications. Yet, assessments of ordinary concrete have rarely considered that concrete itself is potential habitat for a globally important ... ...

    Abstract Concrete is now a prevalent type of synthetic rock, and its production and usage have major environmental implications. Yet, assessments of ordinary concrete have rarely considered that concrete itself is potential habitat for a globally important microbial guild, the endolithic microbes, which live inside rocks and other mineralized substrates. We sought evidence that many common concrete structures harbor endolithic microbial communities and that these communities vary widely depending on the conditions imposed by the concrete. In Summer 2022, we obtained samples from various concrete structures found throughout Lubbock, Texas, USA and subjected the internal (non-surface) portions of each sample to controlled microbial life detection tests including culture tests, DNA quantifications, DNA amplification tests, and ATP assays. The great preponderance of positive life detection results from our concrete samples suggests that most modern concrete hosts cryptic endolith communities composed of bacteria, sometimes co-occurring with fungi and/or archaea. Moreover, many of these microbes are viable, culturable, and identifiable via genetic analysis. Endolith signatures varied widely across concrete samples; some samples only yielded trace evidence of possibly dormant microbes while other samples contained much more microbial biomass and diversity, on par with some low-biomass soils. Pre-cast masonry units and fragments of poured concrete found underwater generally had the most endolith signatures, suggesting that concrete forms and environmental positioning affect endolithy. Endolith biosignatures were generally greater in less dense and less alkaline concrete samples. So, concrete endolith communities may be as ubiquitous and diverse as the concrete structures they inhabit. We propose further research of concrete endoliths to help clarify the role of modern concrete in our rapidly urbanizing biosphere.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2471-1888
    ISSN (online) 2471-1888
    DOI 10.3934/microbiol.2023016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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